($RCSfile: noun.act,v $ $Revision: 9.0 $ $Date: 2011/02/06 21:16:38 $ $Name:  $ $State: Rel $)
(Copyright (c) 1988-2011 by Princeton University)

(noun.act)

{ thing, action2,@ (an action; "how could you do such a thing?") }
{ exercise5, action2,@ (an action, often used negatively and without consequences; "an exercise in futility"; "an exercise in cheap talk")}
{ [ kindness, adj.all:kind,+ ] benignity, action2,@ (a kind act) }
{ [ update, verb.communication:update,+ verb.change:update,+ verb.change:update1,+ ] activity,@ (the act of bringing someone or something up to date; "the server update ran overnight"; "the local news station broadcast a special weather update") }
{ abdominoplasty, tummy_tuck, plastic_surgery,@ (cosmetic surgery of the abdomen to remove wrinkles and tighten the skin over the stomach) }
{ abort, termination,@ (the act of terminating a project or procedure before it is completed; "I wasted a year of my life working on an abort"; "he sent a short message requesting an abort due to extreme winds in the area") }
{ [ accomplishment, verb.social:accomplish,+ verb.creation:accomplish,+ ] [ achievement, verb.social:achieve,+ ] action2,@ (the action of accomplishing something) }
{ agon, celebration,@ (a festivity in ancient Greece at which competitors contended for prizes) }
{ alienation, action2,@ (the action of alienating; the action of causing to become unfriendly; "his behavior alienated the other students") }
{ application, action2,@ (the action of putting something into operation; "the application of maximum thrust"; "massage has far-reaching medical applications"; "the application of indexes to tables of data") }
{ beachhead, foothold, accomplishment,@ (an initial accomplishment that opens the way for further developments; "the town became a beachhead in the campaign to ban smoking outdoors"; "they are presently attempting to gain a foothold in the Russian market") }
{ cakewalk1, accomplishment,@ noun.communication:figure_of_speech,;u (an easy accomplishment; "winning the tournament was a cakewalk for him"; "invading Iraq won't be a cakewalk") }
{ feat, effort2, exploit, accomplishment,@ (a notable achievement; "he performed a great feat"; "the book was her finest effort") }
{ masterpiece, accomplishment,@ (an outstanding achievement) }
{ masterstroke, accomplishment,@ (an achievement demonstrating great skill or mastery) }
{ credit1, accomplishment,@ (used in the phrase `to your credit' in order to indicate an achievement deserving praise; "she already had several performances to her credit") }
{ [ action2, verb.social:act,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions") }
{ res_gestae, action2,@ noun.communication:Latin,;c (things done) }
{ course, course_of_action, action2,@ (a mode of action; "if you persist in that course you will surely fail"; "once a nation is embarked on a course of action it becomes extremely difficult for any retraction to take place") }
{ blind_alley, course,@ noun.communication:figure_of_speech,;u ((figurative) a course of action that is unproductive and offers no hope of improvement; "all the clues led the police into blind alleys"; "so far every road that we've been down has turned out to be a blind alley") }
{ collision_course, course,@ (a course of action (following a given idea) that will lead to conflict if it continues unabated) }
{ [ interaction, adj.all:reciprocal^interactional,+ verb.social:interact,+ ] action2,@ (a mutual or reciprocal action; interacting) }
{ interplay, interaction,@ (reciprocal action and reaction) }
{ [ contact2, verb.communication:contact,+ ] interaction,@ (close interaction; "they kept in daily contact"; "they claimed that they had been in contact with extraterrestrial beings") }
{ brush4, contact2,@ (contact with something dangerous or undesirable; "I had a brush with danger on my way to work"; "he tried to avoid any brushes with the police") }
{ eye_contact, contact2,@ (contact that occurs when two people look directly at each other; "a teacher should make eye contact with the students") }
{ fetch, action2,@ (the action of fetching) }
{ placement1, contact2,@ (contact established between applicants and prospective employees; "the agency provided placement services") }
{ [ interchange1, verb.possession:interchange,+ ] [ reciprocation2, verb.social:reciprocate,+ ] give-and-take, interaction,@ (mutual interaction; the activity of reciprocating or exchanging (especially information)) }
{ [ reciprocity, adj.all:reciprocal,+ ] reciprocation2,@ (mutual exchange of commercial or other privileges) }
{ cross-fertilization, cross-fertilisation, interchange1,@ (interchange between different cultures or different ways of thinking that is mutually productive and beneficial; "the cross-fertilization of science and the creative arts") }
{ [ dealings2, verb.social:deal9,+ ] traffic2, interchange1,@ (social or verbal interchange (usually followed by `with')) }
{ [ relation, noun.state:relationship1,+ verb.stative:relate1,+ verb.social:relate,+ ] dealings2,@ noun.communication:plural,;u ((usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups; "international relations") }

{ [ playing, verb.social:play3,+ verb.social:play,+ verb.competition:play2,+ verb.competition:play,+ verb.body:play,+ ] action2,@ (the action of taking part in a game or sport or other recreation) }
{ play7, swordplay, action2,@ (the act using a sword (or other weapon) vigorously and skillfully) }
{ [ boondoggle, verb.social:boondoggle,+ ] waste,@ (work of little or no value done merely to look busy) }
{ bowling1, playing,@ (the playing of a game of tenpins or duckpins etc) }
{ [ acquiring, verb.possession:acquire,+ ] [ getting, verb.possession:get13,+ verb.possession:get,+ verb.body:get1,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of acquiring something; "I envied his talent for acquiring"; "he's much more interested in the getting than in the giving") }
{ causing, [ causation, verb.creation:cause,+ verb.communication:cause,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of causing something to happen) }
{ [ delivery2, verb.body:deliver1,+ ] obstetrical_delivery, noun.Tops:act,@ noun.process:childbirth,#p (the act of delivering a child) }
{ [ departure, verb.motion:depart4,+ verb.motion:depart1,+ verb.motion:depart,+ ] [ going1, verb.motion:go1,+ ] going_away, leaving, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of departing) }
{ derring-do, feat,@ (brave and heroic feats) }
{ [ discovery, verb.possession:discover,+ verb.perception:discover3,+ verb.perception:discover,+ verb.creation:discover,+ verb.cognition:discover1,+ verb.cognition:discover,+ ] [ find, verb.creation:find,+ verb.cognition:find9,+ verb.possession:find,+ verb.perception:find2,+ verb.possession:find2,+ ] uncovering, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of discovering something) }
{ [ disposal, verb.possession:dispose,+ ] [ disposition, verb.possession:dispose11,+ verb.possession:dispose,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act or means of getting rid of something) }
{ [ hit3, verb.contact:hit3,+ verb.competition:hit2,+ ] feat,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a successful stroke in an athletic contest (especially in baseball); "he came all the way around on Williams' hit") }
{ [ implementation, verb.social:implement1,+ ] [ effectuation, verb.creation:effectuate,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of implementing (providing a practical means for accomplishing something); carrying into effect) }
{ [ egress1, verb.change:egress,+ ] [ egression, verb.change:egress,+ ] [ emergence, verb.change:emerge,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of coming (or going) out; becoming apparent) }
{ [ equalization, verb.competition:equalize,+ verb.change:equalize,+ ] [ equalisation, verb.competition:equalise,+ verb.change:equalise,+ ] leveling, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of making equal or uniform) }
{ [ exhumation, verb.social:exhume,+ ] [ disinterment, verb.social:disinter,+ ] digging_up, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of digging something up out of the ground (especially a corpse) where it has been buried) }
{ mitzvah, mitsvah, noun.Tops:act,@ noun.cognition:Judaism,;c ((Judaism) a good deed performed out of religious duty) }
{ [ propulsion, verb.creation:propel,+ verb.contact:propel,+ ] [ actuation, verb.creation:actuate,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of propelling) }
{ [ rally1, verb.contact:rally1,+ ] [ rallying1, verb.competition:rally,+ ] feat,@ (the feat of mustering strength for a renewed effort; "he singled to start a rally in the 9th inning"; "he feared the rallying of their troops for a counterattack") }
{ [ recovery, verb.possession:recover,+ ] [ retrieval, verb.possession:retrieve,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost)) }
{ running_away, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of leaving (without permission) the place you are expected to be) }
{ [ stunt, verb.creation:stunt,+ ] feat,@ (a difficult or unusual or dangerous feat; usually done to gain attention) }
{ [ touch, verb.contact:touch4,+ ] [ touching, verb.contact:touch,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of putting two things together with no space between them; "at his touch the room filled with lights") }
{ tour_de_force, feat,@ (a masterly or brilliant feat) }
{ performance3, accomplishment,@ (any recognized accomplishment; "they admired his performance under stress"; "when Roger Maris powered four home runs in one game his performance merits awe") }
{ [ overachievement, verb.social:overachieve,+ underachievement,! ] performance3,@ (better than expected performance (better than might have been predicted from intelligence tests)) }
{ [ underachievement, verb.social:underachieve,+ overachievement,! ] performance3,@ (poorer than expected performance (poorer than might have been predicted from intelligence tests)) }
{ record1, track_record1, accomplishment,@ (the sum of recognized accomplishments; "the lawyer has a good record"; "the track record shows that he will be a good president") }
{ fait_accompli, accomplished_fact, accomplishment,@ (an irreversible accomplishment) }

{ [ going, verb.stative:go3,+ ] sledding1, accomplishment,@ (advancing toward a goal; "persuading him was easy going"; "the proposal faces tough sledding") }
{ arrival, [ reaching, verb.motion:reach6,+ ] accomplishment,@ (accomplishment of an objective) }
{ [ arrival1, verb.motion:arrive,+ ] action2,@ (the act of arriving at a certain place; "they awaited her arrival") }
{ [ attainment1, verb.motion:attain1,+ verb.motion:attain,+ ] arrival,@ (arrival at a new stage; "his attainment of puberty was delayed by malnutrition") }
{ advent, [ coming1, verb.motion:come4,+ ] arrival,@ (arrival that has been awaited (especially of something momentous); "the advent of the computer") }
{ [ entrance, verb.motion:enter,+ verb.creation:enter,+ ] [ entering, verb.motion:enter,+ verb.creation:enter,+ ] [ entry, verb.motion:enter,+ ] ingress, incoming, arrival1,@ (the act of entering; "she made a grand entrance") }
{ incursion1, entrance,@ (the act of entering some territory or domain (often in large numbers); "the incursion of television into the American living room") }
{ intrusion2, entrance,@ (entrance by force or without permission or welcome) }
{ [ irruption, verb.motion:irrupt1,+ ] entrance,@ (a sudden violent entrance; a bursting in; "the recent irruption of bad manners") }
{ entree, entrance,@ (an entrance, especially a theatrical entrance onto a stage or as if onto a stage; "she made a graceful entree into the ballroom") }
{ entail, change,@ (the act of entailing property; the creation of a fee tail from a fee simple) }
{ [ registration, verb.social:register,+ ] [ enrollment, verb.social:enroll,+ ] [ enrolment, verb.social:enrol,+ ] entrance,@ (the act of enrolling) }
{ [ appearance, verb.creation:appear,+ disappearance,!] arrival1,@ (the act of appearing in public view; "the rookie made a brief appearance in the first period"; "it was Bernhardt's last appearance in America") }
{ [ apparition, verb.change:appear2,+ verb.change:appear,+ ] appearance,@ (an act of appearing or becoming visible unexpectedly; "natives were amazed at the apparition of this white stranger") }
{ [ emergence1, adj.all:nascent^emergent,+ ] [ emersion1, verb.stative:emerge,+ verb.motion:emerge,+ verb.change:emerge2,+ verb.change:emerge1,+ verb.change:emerge,+ ] appearance,@ (the act of emerging) }
{ [ reappearance, verb.change:reappear,+ ] return7, appearance,@ (the act of someone appearing again; "his reappearance as Hamlet has been long awaited") }
{ comeback, reappearance,@ (return by a celebrity to some previously successful activity) }
{ [ return1, verb.motion:return,+ ] homecoming, arrival1,@ (a coming to or returning home; "on his return from Australia we gave him a welcoming party") }
{ [ repatriation, verb.social:repatriate1,+ verb.social:repatriate,+ ] return1,@ (the act of returning to the country of origin) }
{ penetration2, entrance,@ (the act of entering into or through something; "the penetration of upper management by women") }
{ [ interpenetration, verb.contact:interpenetrate3,+ ] [ permeation, verb.contact:permeate2,+ verb.contact:permeate1,+ ] penetration2,@ (mutual penetration; diffusion of each through the other) }
{ market_penetration, penetration2,@ (the extent to which a product is recognized and bought by customers in a particular market) }
{ [ anchorage, verb.contact:anchor,+ ] arrival1,@ (the act of anchoring) }
{ [ docking, verb.motion:dock,+ verb.contact:dock,+ ] [ moorage, verb.contact:moor,+ ] dockage, tying_up, arrival1,@ (the act of securing an arriving vessel with ropes) }
{ [ landing, verb.motion:land3,+ verb.motion:land2,+ ] arrival1,@ (the act of coming to land after a voyage) }
{ [ landing1, verb.motion:land1,+ verb.motion:land,+ ] arrival1,@ (the act of coming down to the earth (or other surface); "the plane made a smooth landing"; "his landing on his feet was catlike") }
{ forced_landing, emergency_landing1, aircraft_landing,@ (an unscheduled airplane landing that is made under circumstances (engine failure or adverse weather) not under the pilot's control) }

{ breaking_away, departure,@ (departing hastily) }
{ farewell, [ leave, verb.motion:leave,+ verb.motion:leave1,+ verb.cognition:leave5,+ ] leave-taking, [ parting, verb.motion:part2,+ verb.motion:part,+ ] departure,@ (the act of departing politely; "he disliked long farewells"; "he took his leave"; "parting is such sweet sorrow") }
{ French_leave, departure,@ (an abrupt and unannounced departure (without saying farewell)) }
{ valediction, farewell,@ (the act of saying farewell) }
{ [ disappearance, verb.change:disappear,+ appearance,!] [ disappearing, verb.change:disappear,+ ] departure,@ (the act of leaving secretly or without explanation) }
{ [ vanishing, verb.perception:vanish,+ ] disappearance,@ (a sudden disappearance from sight) }
{ [ withdrawal, verb.social:withdraw3,+ verb.social:withdraw,+ verb.motion:withdraw,+ verb.contact:withdraw,+ verb.communication:withdraw,+ verb.change:withdraw1,+ verb.change:withdraw,+ ] departure,@ (the act of withdrawing; "the withdrawal of French troops from Vietnam") }
{ [ effacement, verb.emotion:efface,+ ] self-effacement, withdrawal,@ (withdrawing into the background; making yourself inconspicuous) }
{ [ retreat2, advance,! ] withdrawal,@ (the act of withdrawing or going backward (especially to escape something hazardous or unpleasant)) }
{ retirement1, retreat1, withdrawal,@ (withdrawal for prayer and study and meditation; "the religious retreat is a form of vacation activity") }
{ [ evacuation1, verb.motion:evacuate1,+ verb.motion:evacuate,+ ] withdrawal,@ (the act of evacuating; leaving a place in an orderly fashion; especially for protection) }
{ medical_evacuation, medevac, medivac, evacuation1,@ (the evacuation of persons (usually by air transportation) to a place where they can receive medical care) }
{ [ decampment, verb.motion:decamp2,+ ] withdrawal,@ (breaking camp) }
{ [ desertion, verb.cognition:desert,+ ] [ abandonment1, verb.cognition:abandon,+ ] [ defection, verb.social:defect,+ ] withdrawal,@ (withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility; "his abandonment of his wife and children left them penniless") }
{ [ abscondment, verb.motion:abscond,+ ] [ decampment1, verb.motion:decamp1,+ ] desertion,@ (the act of running away secretly (as to avoid arrest)) }
{ absence_without_leave, unauthorized_absence, desertion,@ noun.group:military,;c (unauthorized military absence) }
{ [ deviationism, noun.person:deviationist,+ ] desertion,@ (ideological defection from the party line (especially from orthodox communism)) }
{ [ emigration, verb.change:emigrate,+ ] out-migration, [ expatriation1, verb.change:expatriate1,+ ] migration,@ (migration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another)) }
{ [ immigration, verb.change:immigrate1,+ verb.change:immigrate,+ ] in-migration, migration,@ (migration into a place (especially migration to a country of which you are not a native in order to settle there)) }
{ aliyah, immigration,@ noun.cognition:Judaism,;c ((Judaism) immigration of Jews to Israel; "students making aliyah") }
{ [ pullback, verb.motion:pull_back,+ ] withdrawal,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) the act of pulling back (especially an orderly withdrawal of troops); "the pullback is expected to be over 25,000 troops") }
{ retreat, withdrawal,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat; "the disorderly retreat of French troops") }
{ standdown, stand-down, stop,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) a temporary stop of offensive military action) }
{ disengagement, [ fallback, verb.motion:fall_back3,+ ] [ pullout, verb.motion:pull_out,+ ] retreat,@ noun.group:military,;c (to break off a military action with an enemy) }
{ [ receding, verb.motion:recede1,+ verb.competition:recede,+ ] [ recession, adj.pert:recessional,+ verb.change:recede,+ ] withdrawal,@ (the act of becoming more distant) }
{ sailing2, departure,@ (the departure of a vessel from a port) }
{ amphibious_landing, landing,@ military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military action of coordinated land, sea, and air forces organized for an invasion; "MacArthur staged a massive amphibious landing behind enemy lines") }
{ [ debarkation, verb.motion:debark,+ ] [ disembarkation, verb.motion:disembark,+ embarkation,! ] [ disembarkment, verb.motion:disembark,+ ] landing,@ (the act of passengers and crew getting off of a ship or aircraft) }
{ going_ashore, debarkation,@ (debarkation from a boat or ship) }
{ boarding, [ embarkation, disembarkation,! ] [ embarkment, verb.motion:embark,+ ] departure,@ (the act of passengers and crew getting aboard a ship or aircraft) }
{ [ exit, verb.motion:exit,+ ] departure,@ (the act of going out) }
{ [ elopement, verb.motion:elope,+ ] running_away,@ (the act of running away with a lover (usually to get married)) }
{ [ escape, verb.motion:escape,+ ] [ flight1, verb.motion:flee,+ ] running_away,@ (the act of escaping physically; "he made his escape from the mental hospital"; "the canary escaped from its cage"; "his flight was an indication of his guilt") }
{ [ evasion, verb.motion:evade,+ ] escape,@ (the act of physically escaping from something (an opponent or a pursuer or an unpleasant situation) by some adroit maneuver) }
{ [ slip3, verb.motion:slip1,+ ] [ elusion, verb.motion:elude,+ ] [ eluding, verb.motion:elude,+ ] evasion,@ (the act of avoiding capture (especially by cunning)) }
{ maneuver1, manoeuvre1, evasive_action, evasion,@ (an action aimed at evading an opponent) }
{ clinch, maneuver1,@ boxing,;c ((boxing) the act of one boxer holding onto the other to avoid being hit and to rest momentarily) }
{ [ dodge, verb.motion:dodge,+ ] evasion,@ (a quick evasive movement) }
{ [ break4, verb.motion:break2,+ ] [ breakout, verb.motion:break_out,+ ] jailbreak, gaolbreak, prisonbreak, prison-breaking, escape,@ (an escape from jail; "the breakout was carefully planned") }
{ [ getaway, verb.motion:get_away,+ ] [ lam, verb.motion:lam,+ ] escape,@ (a rapid escape (as by criminals); "the thieves made a clean getaway"; "after the expose he had to take it on the lam") }
{ exodus, hegira, hejira, escape,@ (a journey by a large group to escape from a hostile environment) }
{ Hegira1, Hejira1, escape,@i (the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 which marked the beginning of the Muslim era; the Muslim calendar begins in that year) } (*+* NEEDS WORK geo *+*)
{ skedaddle, escape,@ (a hasty flight) }
{ Underground_Railroad, Underground_Railway, escape,@i (secret aid to escaping slaves that was provided by abolitionists in the years before the American Civil War) }
{ close_call, close_shave, squeak, squeaker, narrow_escape, accomplishment,@ (something achieved (or escaped) by a narrow margin) }
{ [ surfacing, verb.motion:surface,+ ] egress1,@ (emerging to the surface and becoming apparent) }
{ dispatch, [ despatch, verb.motion:despatch,+ ] [ shipment, verb.motion:ship,+ ] departure,@ (the act of sending off something) }
{ [ reshipment, verb.contact:reship,+ ] dispatch,@ (the act of shipping again (especially by transferring to another ship)) }

{ [ consummation, verb.creation:consummate1,+ verb.creation:consummate,+ ] completion,@ (the act of bringing to completion or fruition) }
{ [ consummation1, verb.creation:consummate1,+ ] completion,@ (the completion of marriage by sexual intercourse) }
{ [ realization2, verb.creation:realize,+ ] [ realisation2, verb.creation:realise,+ ] fruition, consummation,@ (something that is made real or concrete; "the victory was the realization of a whole year's work") }
{ orgasm, [ climax, adj.all:climactic,+ ] sexual_climax, [ coming, verb.perception:come,+ ] consummation,@ (the moment of most intense pleasure in sexual intercourse) }
{ male_orgasm, orgasm,@ (an orgasm accompanied by the sensation of ejaculation of semen) }
{ [ fulfillment, verb.stative:fulfill,+ verb.creation:fulfill,+ ] [ fulfilment, verb.stative:fulfil,+ verb.creation:fulfil,+ ] consummation,@ (the act of consummating something (a desire or promise etc)) }
{ self-fulfillment, self-realization, self-realisation, fulfillment,@ (the fulfillment of your capacities) }

{ [ attainment, verb.social:attain,+ ] accomplishment,@ (the act of achieving an aim; "the attainment of independence") }
{ record, attainment,@ (an extreme attainment; the best (or worst) performance ever attested (as in a sport); "he tied the Olympic record"; "coffee production last year broke all previous records"; "Chicago set the homicide record") }
{ track_record, record,@ (the fastest time ever recorded for a specific distance at a particular racetrack; "the track record for the mile and a half at Belmont is 2 minutes 24 seconds held by Secretariat since 1973") }
{ world_record, record,@ (the best record in the whole world) }
{ success, attainment,@ (an attainment that is successful; "his success in the marathon was unexpected"; "his new play was a great success") }
{ [ winning, verb.possession:win,+ ] success,@ (succeeding with great difficulty; "winning is not everything") }
{ blockbuster, megahit, smash_hit, hit2,@ noun.communication:figure_of_speech,;u (an unusually successful hit with widespread popularity and huge sales (especially a movie or play or recording or novel)) }
{ sleeper, hit2,@ noun.communication:figure_of_speech,;u (an unexpected hit; "that movie was the sleeper of the summer") }
{ hit2, smash1, smasher, strike3, bang, success,@ (a conspicuous success; "that song was his first hit and marked the beginning of his career"; "that new Broadway show is a real smasher"; "the party went with a bang") }
{ bell_ringer, bull's_eye1, [ mark1, verb.communication:mark3,+ ] home_run1, success,@ noun.communication:figure_of_speech,;u (something that exactly succeeds in achieving its goal; "the new advertising campaign was a bell ringer"; "scored a bull's eye"; "hit the mark"; "the president's speech was a home run") }
{ [ ennoblement, verb.social:ennoble,+ ] promotion,@ (the act of raising someone to the nobility) }
{ conquest, success,@ (success in mastering something difficult; "the conquest of space") }
{ coup1, success,@ (a brilliant and notable success) }
{ flying_colors, flying_colours, success,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (complete success; "they passed inspection with flying colors") }
{ [ passing2, verb.social:pass8,+ verb.social:pass7,+ failing,! ] pass5, [ qualifying, verb.stative:qualify,+ ] success,@ (success in satisfying a test or requirement; "his future depended on his passing that test"; "he got a pass in introductory chemistry") }
{ credit, course_credit, attainment,@ (recognition by a college or university that a course of studies has been successfully completed; typically measured in semester hours) }
{ semester_hour, credit_hour, credit,@ (a unit of academic credit; one hour a week for an academic semester) }

{ nonaccomplishment, nonachievement, noun.Tops:act,@ (an act that does not achieve its intended goal) }
{ [ failure1, verb.social:fail2,+ ] omission1,@ (an unexpected omission; "he resented my failure to return his call"; "the mechanic's failure to check the brakes") }
{ [ failure, verb.social:fail,+ ] nonaccomplishment,@ (an act that fails; "his failure to pass the test") }
{ [ failing, verb.social:fail7,+ verb.social:fail1,+ passing2,! ] flunk, failure,@ (failure to reach a minimum required performance; "his failing the course led to his disqualification"; "he got two flunks on his report") }
{ naught, failure,@ (complete failure; "all my efforts led to naught") }
{ cut6, absence,@ (an unexcused absence from class; "he was punished for taking too many cuts in his math class") }
{ default, absence,@ loss,@ (loss due to not showing up; "he lost the game by default") }
{ loss, failure,@ (the act of losing someone or something; "everyone expected him to win so his loss was a shock") }
{ [ capitulation, verb.competition:capitulate,+ ] [ fall2, verb.social:fall,+ verb.possession:fall5,+ verb.social:fall2,+ ] [ surrender, verb.competition:surrender,+ ] loss,@ (the act of surrendering (usually under agreed conditions); "they were protected until the capitulation of the fort") }
{ [ frustration2, verb.social:frustrate,+ ] [ thwarting, verb.social:thwart,+ ] [ foiling, verb.social:foil,+ ] hindrance,@ (an act of hindering someone's plans or efforts) }
{ overturn1, [ upset, verb.competition:upset,+ ] success,@ (an improbable and unexpected victory; "the biggest upset since David beat Goliath") }
{ backsliding, [ lapse1, verb.body:lapse,+ verb.change:lapse,+ ] lapsing, [ relapse, verb.body:relapse,+ verb.change:relapse,+ ] [ relapsing, verb.body:relapse,+ ] reversion, [ reverting, verb.change:revert,+ ] failure,@ (a failure to maintain a higher state) }
{ [ recidivism, noun.person:recidivist1,+ noun.person:recidivist,+ verb.body:recidivate,+ ] backsliding,@ (habitual relapse into crime) }
{ [ disappointment, verb.emotion:disappoint,+ ] dashing_hopes, failure1,@ (an act (or failure to act) that disappoints someone) }
{ [ breach1, verb.social:breach,+ ] failure1,@ (a failure to perform some promised act or obligation) }
{ [ copout, verb.cognition:cop_out,+ ] failure1,@ (a failure to face some difficulty squarely) }
{ breach_of_contract, breach1,@ (a breach of a legal duty; failure to do something that is required in a contract) }
{ anticipatory_breach, constructive_breach, breach_of_contract,@ (a breach of contract committed prior to the time of required performance) }
{ breach_of_duty, breach1,@ (a breach of due care) }
{ breach_of_the_covenant_of_warranty, breach_of_contract,@ (a failure of the seller's guarantee of good title) }
{ breach_of_promise, breach_of_contract,@ (failure to keep a promise (of marriage)) }
{ breach_of_trust, breach_of_contract,@ (violation (either through fraud or negligence) by a trustee of a duty that equity requires of him) }
{ breach_of_trust_with_fraudulent_intent, larceny,@ (larceny after trust rather than after unlawful taking) }
{ breach_of_warranty, breach_of_contract,@ (a breach that occurs when an item is deficient according to the terms of a warranty) }
{ leaning, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of deviating from a vertical position) }
{ material_breach, breach_of_contract,@ (a breach serious enough to destroy the value of the contract and to give a basis for an action for breach of contract) }
{ [ motivation, adj.pert:motivational,+ verb.creation:motivate,+ ] [ motivating, adj.all:causative^motivating,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of motivating; providing incentive) }
{ partial_breach, breach_of_contract,@ (a breach that does not destroy the value of the contract but can give rise to a claim for damages) }
{ [ mistake, verb.cognition:mistake1,+ ] [ error2, verb.cognition:err,+ ] [ fault, adj.all:inaccurate^faulty,+ verb.communication:fault,+ ] nonaccomplishment,@ (a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention; "he made a bad mistake"; "she was quick to point out my errors"; "I could understand his English in spite of his grammatical faults") }
{ double_fault, fault1,@ tennis,;c ((tennis) two successive faults in serving resulting in the loss of the point) }
{ footfault, fault1,@ tennis,#p (a fault that occurs when the server in tennis fails to keep both feet behind the baseline) }
{ bobble, blunder,@ baseball,;c (the momentary juggling of a batted or thrown baseball; "the second baseman made a bobble but still had time to throw the runner out") }
{ error3, [ misplay, verb.competition:misplay,+ ] failure,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a failure of a defensive player to make an out when normal play would have sufficed) }
{ blot, smear, [ smirch, verb.communication:smirch,+ ] spot, [ stain, verb.contact:stain5,+ ] mistake,@ (an act that brings discredit to the person who does it; "he made a huge blot on his copybook") }
{ [ confusion, verb.cognition:confuse2,+ ] mix-up, mistake,@ (a mistake that results from taking one thing to be another; "he changed his name in order to avoid confusion with the notorious outlaw") }
{ [ incursion2, verb.stative:incur,+ ] mistake,@ (the mistake of incurring liability or blame) }
{ [ miscalculation, verb.cognition:miscalculate1,+ verb.cognition:miscalculate,+ ] misreckoning, [ misestimation, verb.cognition:misestimate,+ ] mistake,@ (a mistake in calculating) }
{ [ backfire, verb.social:backfire,+ ] [ boomerang, verb.motion:boomerang,+ ] miscalculation,@ (a miscalculation that recoils on its maker) }
{ rounding, rounding_error, miscalculation,@ noun.cognition:math,;c ((mathematics) a miscalculation that results from rounding off numbers to a convenient number of decimals; "the error in the calculation was attributable to rounding"; "taxes are rounded off to the nearest dollar but the rounding error is surprisingly small") }
{ truncation_error, miscalculation,@ noun.cognition:math,;c ((mathematics) a miscalculation that results from cutting off a numerical calculation before it is finished) }
{ [ distortion1, verb.communication:distort,+ ] mistake,@ (the mistake of misrepresenting the facts) }
{ [ slip5, verb.cognition:slip1,+ verb.cognition:slip,+ ] [ slip-up1, verb.cognition:slip_up,+ ] miscue1, parapraxis, mistake,@ (a minor inadvertent mistake usually observed in speech or writing or in small accidents or memory lapses etc.) }
{ Freudian_slip, slip5,@ (a slip-up that (according to Sigmund Freud) results from the operation of unconscious wishes or conflicts and can reveal unconscious processes in normal healthy individuals) }
{ offside, mistake,@ sport,;c ((sport) the mistake of occupying an illegal position on the playing field (in football, soccer, ice hockey, field hockey, etc.)) }
{ oversight, lapse, mistake,@ (a mistake resulting from inattention) }
{ [ omission1, verb.cognition:omit1,+ verb.cognition:omit,+ ] [ skip, verb.stative:skip,+ ] mistake,@ (a mistake resulting from neglect) }
{ [ blunder, verb.social:blunder,+ ] blooper, bloomer, [ bungle, verb.social:bungle,+ verb.body:bungle,+ ] pratfall, [ foul-up, verb.social:foul_up,+ ] [ fuckup, verb.social:fuck_up,+ ] [ flub, verb.social:flub,+ ] [ botch, adj.all:unskilled^botchy,+ verb.social:botch,+ ] boner, boo-boo, mistake,@ (an embarrassing mistake) }
{ [ snafu, adj.all:disorganized^snafu,+ verb.change:snafu,+ ] blunder,@ noun.communication:acronym,;u (an acronym often used by soldiers in World War II: situation normal all fucked up) }
{ spectacle, blunder,@ (a blunder that makes you look ridiculous; used in the phrase `make a spectacle of' yourself) }
{ [ ballup, verb.social:ball_up,+ ] balls-up, cockup, [ mess-up, verb.social:mess_up,+ ] mistake,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (something badly botched or muddled) }
{ bull, blunder,@ (a serious and ludicrous blunder; "he made a bad bull of the assignment") }
{ [ fumble, verb.competition:fumble,+ ] [ muff, verb.social:muff1,+ ] blunder,@ baseball,;c American_football,;c ((sports) dropping the ball) }
{ [ fluff, verb.social:fluff,+ ] blunder,@ (a blunder (especially an actor's forgetting the lines)) }
{ faux_pas, gaffe, solecism, slip2, gaucherie, blunder,@ (a socially awkward or tactless act) }
{ howler, blunder,@ (a glaring blunder) }
{ [ clanger, verb.perception:clang,+ ] blunder,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a conspicuous mistake whose effects seem to reverberate; "he dropped a clanger") }
{ trip1, [ trip-up, verb.cognition:trip_up,+ verb.cognition:trip_up1,+ ] [ stumble1, verb.cognition:stumble,+ ] misstep, blunder,@ (an unintentional but embarrassing blunder; "he recited the whole poem without a single trip"; "he arranged his robes to avoid a trip-up later"; "confusion caused his unfortunate misstep") }
{ spill1, [ tumble1, verb.motion:tumble6,+ verb.change:tumble,+ verb.motion:tumble,+ ] [ fall1, verb.motion:fall14,+ verb.motion:fall15,+ verb.motion:fall3,+ ] noun.event:slip,@ (a sudden drop from an upright position; "he had a nasty spill on the ice") }
{ pratfall1, spill1,@ (a fall onto your buttocks) }
{ wipeout, spill1,@ sport,;c (a spill in some sport (as a fall from a bicycle or while skiing or being capsized on a surfboard)) }

{ [ acquisition, verb.possession:acquire,+ ] acquiring,@ (the act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something; "the acquisition of wealth"; "the acquisition of one company by another") }
{ [ obtainment, verb.possession:obtain,+ ] [ obtention, verb.possession:obtain,+ ] acquiring,@ (the act of obtaining) }
{ [ catching2, adj.all:infectious^catching1,+ ] [ contracting, verb.body:contract,+ ] acquiring,@ (becoming infected; "catching cold is sometimes unavoidable"; "the contracting of a serious illness can be financially catastrophic") }
{ [ incurring, verb.stative:incur,+ ] acquisition,@ (acquiring or coming into something (usually undesirable); "incurring debts is easier than paying them") }
{ [ moneymaking, adj.all:commercial^moneymaking,+ adj.all:profitable^moneymaking,+ ] acquisition,@ (the act of making money (and accumulating wealth)) }
{ [ annexation, adj.pert:annexational,+ ] acquisition,@ (the formal act of acquiring something (especially territory) by conquest or occupation; "the French annexation of Madagascar as a colony in 1896"; "a protectorate has frequently been a first step to annexation") }
{ pork-barreling, acquisition,@ (acquisition of government money for benefits to a specific locale; "keeps his hold on his constituents through unashamed pork-barreling") }
{ [ purchase, verb.possession:purchase,+ ] acquisition,@ (the acquisition of something for payment; "they closed the purchase with a handshake") }
{ [ redemption, verb.possession:redeem3,+ ] repurchase, [ buyback, verb.possession:buy_back,+ ] purchase,@ (the act of purchasing back something previously sold) }
{ [ trading, verb.possession:trade11,+ ] commerce,@ (buying or selling securities or commodities) }
{ bond_trading, bond-trading_activity, trading,@ (trading in bonds (usually by a broker on the floor of an exchange)) }
{ program_trading, trading,@ (a trading technique involving large blocks of stock with trades triggered by computer programs) }
{ short_sale, short_selling, trading,@ (sale of securities or commodity futures not owned by the seller (who hopes to buy them back later at a lower price)) }
{ short_covering, trading,@ (the purchase of securities or commodities by a short seller to close out a short sale) }
{ insider_trading, trading,@ (buying or selling corporate stock by a corporate officer or other insider on the basis of information that has not been made public and is supposed to remain confidential) }
{ naked_option, noun.possession:option,@ (a put or call option for which the seller or buyer has no underlying security position) }
{ covered_option, noun.possession:option,@ (a put or call option backed by the shares underlying the option) }
{ [ call_option, put_option,! ] [ call4, verb.communication:call12,+ ] noun.possession:option,@ straddle,#p (the option to buy a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date) }
{ [ put_option, call_option,! ] put, noun.possession:option,@ straddle,#p (the option to sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date) }
{ straddle1, noun.possession:option,@ (the option to buy or sell a given stock (or stock index or commodity future) at a given price before a given date; consists of an equal number of put and call options) }
{ incentive_option, incentive_stock_option, noun.possession:option,@ (an option granted to corporate executives if the company achieves certain financial goals) }
{ [ buying, verb.possession:buy,+ ] [ purchasing, verb.possession:purchase,+ ] purchase,@ (the act of buying; "buying and selling fill their days"; "shrewd purchasing requires considerable knowledge") }
{ [ shopping, verb.possession:shop1,+ verb.possession:shop,+ ] buying,@ (searching for or buying goods or services; "went shopping for a reliable plumber"; "does her shopping at the mall rather than down town") }
{ [ marketing1, verb.possession:market1,+ ] shopping,@ (shopping at a market; "does the weekly marketing at the supermarket") }
{ mail-order_buying, catalog_buying, buying,@ (buying goods to be shipped through the mail) }
{ [ viatication, adj.pert:viatical,+ ] [ viaticus, adj.pert:viatical,+ ] buying,@ (purchasing insurance policies for cash from terminally ill policy holders) }
{ [ acceptance3, adj.all:receptive^acceptant,+ verb.possession:accept,+ ] acquisition,@ (the act of taking something that is offered; "her acceptance of the gift encouraged him"; "he anticipated their acceptance of his offer") }
{ succession1, taking_over, acquisition,@ (acquisition of property by descent or by will) }
{ [ assumption, verb.social:assume,+ verb.possession:assume1,+ verb.possession:assume,+ ] laying_claim, acquisition,@ (the act of taking possession of or power over something; "his assumption of office coincided with the trouble in Cuba"; "the Nazi assumption of power in 1934"; "he acquired all the company's assets for ten million dollars and the assumption of the company's debts") }
{ [ assumption1, verb.cognition:assume,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of assuming or taking for granted; "your assumption that I would agree was unwarranted") }
{ [ position4, verb.cognition:posit,+ ] assumption1,@ (the act of positing; an assumption taken as a postulate or axiom) }
{ [ inheritance, verb.possession:inherit,+ ] heritage, acquisition,@ (hereditary succession to a title or an office or property) }
{ [ procurement, verb.possession:procure,+ ] [ procurance, verb.possession:procure,+ ] [ procural, verb.possession:procure,+ ] acquisition,@ (the act of getting possession of something; "he was responsible for the procurement of materials and supplies") }
{ appropriation, acquiring,@ (a deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner; "the necessary funds were obtained by the government's appropriation of the company's operating unit"; "a person's appropriation of property belonging to another is dishonest") }
{ borrowing1, [ adoption1, verb.possession:adopt,+ verb.cognition:adopt4,+ ] appropriation,@ (the appropriation (of ideas or words etc) from another source; "the borrowing of ancient motifs was very apparent") }
{ [ naturalization1, verb.change:naturalize2,+ ] [ naturalisation1, verb.change:naturalise2,+ ] borrowing1,@ (changing the pronunciation of a borrowed word to agree with the borrowers' phonology; "the naturalization in English of many Italian words") }
{ misappropriation2, borrowing1,@ (wrongful borrowing; "his explanation was a misappropriation of sociological theory") }
{ [ preemption, verb.possession:preempt,+ ] pre-emption, appropriation,@ (a prior appropriation of something; "the preemption of bandwidth by commercial interests") }
{ [ seizure, verb.possession:seize2,+ ] appropriation,@ (the taking possession of something by legal process) }
{ [ usurpation, verb.possession:usurp,+ ] capture,@ (wrongfully seizing and holding (an office or powers) by force (especially the seizure of a throne or supreme authority); "a succession of generals who ruled by usurpation") }
{ [ confiscation, verb.possession:confiscate1,+ ] [ arrogation, verb.possession:arrogate,+ ] seizure,@ (seizure by the government) }
{ distress, distraint, seizure,@ (the seizure and holding of property as security for payment of a debt or satisfaction of a claim; "Originally distress was a landlord's remedy against a tenant for unpaid rents or property damage but now the landlord is given a landlord's lien") }
{ [ expropriation, verb.contact:expropriate,+ ] confiscation,@ (taking out of an owner's hands (especially taking property by public authority)) }
{ [ impoundment, verb.possession:impound,+ ] [ impounding, verb.possession:impound,+ ] internment1, [ poundage, verb.contact:pound5,+ ] seizure,@ noun.group:law,;c (placing private property in the custody of an officer of the law) }
{ drug_bust, drugs_bust, impoundment,@ (seizure of illegal drugs by the police) }
{ [ impress, verb.contact:impress1,+ ] [ impressment, verb.contact:impress1,+ ] seizure,@ (the act of coercing someone into government service) }
{ [ occupation1, verb.stative:occupy,+ ] [ occupancy1, noun.person:occupant,+ ] moving_in, acquiring,@ (the act of occupying or taking possession of a building; "occupation of a building without a certificate of occupancy is illegal") }
{ preoccupancy, [ preoccupation, verb.possession:preoccupy,+ ] occupation1,@ (the act of taking occupancy before someone else does) }
{ [ sequestration1, verb.possession:sequester,+ ] requisition1, appropriation,@ (seizing property that belongs to someone else and holding it until profits pay the demand for which it was seized) }
{ grant, [ subsidization, verb.possession:subsidize1,+ verb.possession:subsidize,+ ] [ subsidisation, verb.possession:subsidise1,+ verb.possession:subsidise,+ ] allotment,@ (the act of providing a subsidy) }
{ award, awarding, grant,@ noun.group:law,;c (a grant made by a law court; "he criticized the awarding of compensation by the court") }
{ [ addiction, verb.consumption:addict,+ ] award,@ noun.communication:Roman_law,;c ((Roman law) a formal award by a magistrate of a thing or person to another person (as the award of a debtor to his creditor); a surrender to a master; "under Roman law addiction was the justification for slavery") } 
{ block_grant, grant,@ (a grant of federal money to state and local governments to support social welfare programs; "block grants reduce federal responsibility for social welfare") }
{ grant-in-aid, grant,@ (a grant from a central government to a local government) }
{ [ capture, verb.possession:capture,+ ] gaining_control, [ seizure1, verb.possession:seize1,+ ] acquiring,@ (the act of forcibly dispossessing an owner of property) }
{ [ apprehension, verb.contact:apprehend,+ ] [ arrest, verb.contact:arrest,+ ] [ catch1, verb.contact:catch1,+ ] [ collar, verb.contact:collar,+ ] pinch1, taking_into_custody, capture,@ (the act of apprehending (especially apprehending a criminal); "the policeman on the beat got credit for the collar") }
{ conquest1, [ conquering, verb.possession:conquer,+ verb.competition:conquer,+ verb.change:conquer,+ ] [ subjection, verb.social:subject,+ ] subjugation, capture,@ (the act of conquering) }
{ [ enslavement, verb.social:enslave,+ ] capture,@ (the act of making slaves of your captives) }
{ [ restitution, verb.possession:restitute,+ ] [ return2, verb.possession:return8,+ ] [ restoration1, verb.possession:restore,+ ] [ regaining, verb.possession:regain,+ ] acquisition,@ (getting something back again; "upon the restitution of the book to its rightful owner the child was given a tongue lashing") }
{ clawback, restitution,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (finding a way to take money back from people that they were given in another way; "the Treasury will find some clawback for the extra benefits members received") }
{ [ repossession, verb.possession:repossess3,+ ] recovery,@ (the action of regaining possession (especially the seizure of collateral securing a loan that is in default)) }
{ [ foreclosure, verb.possession:foreclose,+ ] proceeding,@ (the legal proceedings initiated by a creditor to repossess the collateral for loan that is in default) }

{ [ reception, noun.person:receptionist,+ verb.possession:receive,+ ] [ receipt, verb.communication:receipt,+ ] acquiring,@ (the act of receiving) }

{ appointment2, disposal,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the act of disposing of property by virtue of the power of appointment; "she allocated part of the trust to her church by appointment") }
{ [ comb-out1, verb.possession:comb_out,+ ] disposal,@ (the act of carefully weeding out unwanted things or people; "the department got a good comb-out") }
{ [ giving1, verb.possession:give8,+ verb.possession:give1,+ verb.possession:give,+ ] disposal,@ (disposing of property by voluntary transfer without receiving value in return; "the alumni followed a program of annual giving") }
{ [ abandonment2, verb.possession:abandon,+ ] disposal,@ (the voluntary surrender of property (or a right to property) without attempting to reclaim it or give it away) }
{ [ discard, verb.possession:discard,+ ] throwing_away, abandonment2,@ (getting rid something that is regarded as useless or undesirable) }
{ staging1, discard,@ (getting rid of a stage of a multistage rocket) }
{ discard1, abandonment2,@ card_game,#p card_game,;c ((cards) the act of throwing out a useless card or of failing to follow suit) }
{ mine_disposal, disposal,@ (the disposal of explosive mines) }
{ minesweeping, mine_disposal,@ (the activity of detecting and disposing of marine mines) }
{ sewage_disposal, disposal,@ (the disposal of sewage) }
{ bait_and_switch, selling,@ (a deceptive way of selling that involves advertising a product at a very low price in order to attract customers who are then persuaded to switch to a more expensive product) }
{ private_treaty, selling,@ (a sale of property at a price agreed on by the seller and buyer without an intervening agency) }
{ [ auction, noun.person:auctioneer,+ verb.possession:auction,+ ] auction_sale, vendue, sale2,@ (the public sale of something to the highest bidder) }
{ bootlegging, selling,@ (the act of making or transporting alcoholic liquor for sale illegally; "the Prohibition amendment made bootlegging profitable") }
{ bootlegging1, selling,@ (the act of selling illegally or without permission; "the bootlegging of videotapes is common in Asia") }
{ capitalization2, capitalisation2, selling,@ (the sale of capital stock) }
{ [ overcapitalization, verb.change:overcapitalize,+ ] [ overcapitalisation, verb.change:overcapitalise,+ ] capitalization2,@ business1,;c ((business) too much capitalization (the sale of more stock than the business warrants)) }

{ [ reclamation2, verb.possession:reclaim3,+ ] recovery,@ (the recovery of useful substances from waste products) }
{ [ rescue, verb.social:rescue,+ ] [ deliverance, verb.social:deliver1,+ ] [ delivery, verb.social:deliver1,+ ] saving2, recovery,@ (recovery or preservation from loss or danger; "work is the deliverance of mankind"; "a surgeon's job is the saving of lives") }
{ lifesaving, rescue,@ (saving the lives of drowning persons; "he took a course in lifesaving") }
{ [ redemption1, adj.pert:redemptional,+ verb.social:redeem4,+ ] salvation, rescue,@ noun.cognition:theology1,;c ((theology) the act of delivering from sin or saving from evil) }
{ [ absolution, verb.communication:absolve2,+ ] remission, remittal, remission_of_sin, redemption1,@ penance1,#p (the act of absolving or remitting; formal redemption as pronounced by a priest in the sacrament of penance) }
{ indulgence2, absolution,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c (the remission by the pope of the temporal punishment in purgatory that is still due for sins even after absolution; "in the Middle Ages the unrestricted sale of indulgences by pardoners became a widespread abuse") }
{ conversion1, rebirth, spiritual_rebirth, redemption1,@ (a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life) }
{ proselytism, conversion1,@ (the state of being a proselyte; spiritual rebirth resulting from the zeal of crusading advocacy of the gospel) }
{ [ expiation, verb.social:expiate,+ ] [ atonement, verb.emotion:atone,+ ] propitiation1, redemption1,@ (the act of atoning for sin or wrongdoing (especially appeasing a deity)) }
{ [ reparation, verb.possession:repair,+ verb.change:repair2,+ ] amends, expiation,@ (something done or paid in expiation of a wrong; "how can I make amends") }
{ [ liberation2, verb.social:liberate2,+ verb.social:liberate,+ ] [ release1, verb.social:release,+ ] [ freeing, verb.social:free2,+ verb.social:free,+ ] accomplishment,@ (the act of liberating someone or something) }
{ jail_delivery, liberation2,@ (the use of force to liberate prisoners) }
{ [ reclamation, verb.change:reclaim8,+ ] [ reformation1, verb.change:reform4,+ verb.change:reform3,+ verb.change:reform,+ ] rescue,@ (rescuing from error and returning to a rightful course; "the reclamation of delinquent children") }
{ salvage, rescue,@ (the act of rescuing a ship or its crew or its cargo from a shipwreck or a fire) }
{ [ salvage1, verb.social:salvage,+ verb.social:salve,+ ] rescue,@ (the act of saving goods or property that were in danger of damage or destruction) }
{ [ salvation2, verb.social:salve,+ ] rescue,@ (saving someone or something from harm or from an unpleasant situation; "the salvation of his party was the president's major concern") }
{ search_and_rescue_mission, rescue,@ (a rescue mission to search for survivors and to rescue them) }
{ [ ransom, verb.possession:ransom,+ ] recovery,@ (the act of freeing from captivity or punishment) }
{ [ recapture, verb.contact:recapture,+ verb.possession:recapture,+ ] [ retaking, verb.possession:retake,+ ] recovery,@ (the act of taking something back) }
{ recapture1, seizure,@ (a legal seizure by the government of profits beyond a fixed amount) }

{ [ invocation1, verb.communication:invoke4,+ ] implementation,@ (the act of appealing for help) }
{ [ instrumentation, verb.possession:instrument,+ ] implementation,@ (the act of providing or using the instruments needed for some implementation) }
{ [ performance, verb.creation:perform,+ ] [ execution2, verb.creation:execute1,+ ] carrying_out1, carrying_into_action, action2,@ (the act of performing; of doing something successfully; using knowledge as distinguished from merely possessing it; "they criticised his performance as mayor"; "experience generally improves performance") }
{ specific_performance, performance,@ (the performance of a legal contract as specified by its terms) }
{ linguistic_performance, performance,@ noun.cognition:linguistics,;c ((linguistics) a speaker's actual use of language in real situations; what the speaker actually says, including grammatical errors and other non-linguistic features such as hesitations and other disfluencies (contrasted with linguistic competence)) }
{ mechanism, [ mechanics, adj.pert:mechanical,+ adj.all:mechanical,+ ] performance,@ (the technical aspects of doing something; "a mechanism of social control"; "mechanisms of communication"; "the mechanics of prose style") }
{ service6, accommodation,@ (the performance of duties by a waiter or servant; "that restaurant has excellent service") }
{ curb_service, service6,@ (service provided to customers who remain in their vehicles) }
{ self-service, service6,@ (the practice of serving yourself (as in a grocery or cafeteria)) }
{ valet_parking, service6,@ (a service provided (at a club or restaurant or airport etc.) whereby a patron leaves a car at the entrance and an attendant parks and retrieves it) }
{ dramatic_production, dramatic_performance, performance1,@ (the act of performing a drama; "the group joined together in a dramatic production") }
{ [ encore, verb.communication:encore,+ ] performance1,@ (an extra or repeated performance; usually given in response to audience demand) }
{ [ extemporization, verb.creation:extemporize,+ ] [ extemporisation, verb.creation:extemporise,+ ] [ improvisation1, verb.creation:improvise,+ ] performance1,@ (a performance given extempore without planning or preparation) }
{ [ juggle, verb.contact:juggle,+ ] [ juggling, verb.contact:juggle,+ ] performance1,@ (throwing and catching several objects simultaneously) }
{ magic_trick, conjuring_trick, trick2, [ magic1, adj.all:supernatural^magical,+ noun.person:magician1,+ ] legerdemain, conjuration, thaumaturgy, [ illusion2, noun.person:illusionist1,+ ] deception1, performance1,@ (an illusory feat; considered magical by naive observers) }
{ musical_performance, performance1,@ noun.cognition:performing_arts,@ (the act of performing music) }
{ one-night_stand, performance1,@ (a performance in one place on one night only) }
{ [ rendition1, verb.creation:render3,+ ] [ rendering1, verb.creation:render3,+ ] [ interpretation2, verb.creation:interpret1,+ verb.creation:interpret,+ verb.communication:interpret,+ ] performance1,@ (the act of interpreting something as expressed in an artistic performance; "her rendition of Milton's verse was extraordinarily moving") }
{ [ reinterpretation, verb.communication:reinterpret,+ ] rendition1,@ (a new or different interpretation) }
{ spin3, rendition1,@ (a distinctive interpretation (especially as used by politicians to sway public opinion); "the campaign put a favorable spin on the story") }
{ [ playing1, verb.creation:play12,+ verb.creation:play1,+ verb.creation:play,+ ] musical_performance,@ (the act of playing a musical instrument) }
{ bowing, playing1,@ (managing the bow in playing a stringed instrument; "the violinist's bowing was excellent") }
{ spiccato, spiccato_bowing, bowing,@ (bowing in such a way that the bow bounces lightly off the strings) }
{ [ piping, verb.creation:pipe,+ ] playing1,@ (playing a pipe or the bagpipes) }
{ stopping, playing1,@ (the kind of playing that involves pressing the fingers on the strings of a stringed instrument to control the pitch; "the violinist's stopping was excellent") }
{ double_stopping, stopping,@ (stopping two strings and producing two notes at the same time) }
{ [ transposition1, verb.change:transpose1,+ ] playing1,@ noun.communication:music,;c ((music) playing in a different key from the key intended; moving the pitch of a piece of music upwards or downwards) }
{ jam_session, musical_performance,@ (an impromptu jazz concert) }
{ [ automation, verb.change:automate,+ ] [ mechanization, verb.change:mechanize,+ ] [ mechanisation, verb.change:mechanise,+ ] high_technology,@ (the act of implementing the control of equipment with advanced technology; usually involving electronic hardware; "automation replaces human workers by machines") }
{ [ computerization, verb.creation:computerize,+ ] [ cybernation, verb.creation:cybernate,+ ] automation,@ (the control of processes by computer) }
{ [ motorization, verb.possession:motorize5,+ verb.possession:motorize3,+ verb.change:motorize,+ ] [ motorisation, verb.change:motorise,+ ] implementation,@ (the act of motorizing (equiping with motors or with motor vehicles)) }

{ launching, [ launch, verb.contact:launch2,+ verb.contact:launch,+ ] propulsion,@ (the act of propelling with force) }
{ launching2, propulsion,@ (the act of moving a newly built vessel into the water for the first time) }
{ rocket_firing, rocket_launching, launching,@ (the launching of a rocket or missile under its own power) }
{ [ blastoff, verb.contact:blast_off,+ ] shot7, rocket_launching,@ (the launching of a missile or spacecraft to a specified destination) }
{ moon_shot, rocket_firing,@ (the launching of a spacecraft to the moon) }
{ [ drive4, verb.contact:drive11,+ ] [ thrust, verb.motion:thrust1,+ ] driving_force, propulsion,@ (the act of applying force to propel something; "after reaching the desired velocity the drive is cut off") }
{ firewall, drive4,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u ((colloquial) the application of maximum thrust; "he moved the throttle to the firewall") }
{ impulse1, [ impulsion, verb.contact:impel,+ ] impetus, drive4,@ (the act of applying force suddenly; "the impulse knocked him over") }
{ roll2, bowl, propulsion,@ bowling1,#p (the act of rolling something (as the ball in bowling)) }
{ [ throw, verb.contact:throw,+ ] propulsion,@ (the act of throwing (propelling something with a rapid movement of the arm and wrist); "the catcher made a good throw to second base") }
{ bowling2, throw,@ cricket,;c ((cricket) the act of delivering a cricket ball to the batsman) }
{ [ fling2, verb.possession:fling2,+ verb.contact:fling,+ ] throw,@ (the act of flinging) }
{ [ heave, verb.contact:heave1,+ ] [ heaving, verb.contact:heave1,+ ] throw,@ (throwing something heavy (with great effort); "he gave it a mighty heave"; "he was not good at heaving passes") }
{ [ hurl, verb.motion:hurl,+ verb.contact:hurl,+ ] [ cast3, verb.creation:cast2,+ verb.contact:cast,+ ] throw,@ (a violent throw) }
{ [ leaner, verb.motion:lean,+ verb.contact:lean,+ ] throw,@ horseshoes,;c ((horseshoes) the throw of a horseshoe so as to lean against (but not encircle) the stake) }
{ pass, [ toss, verb.contact:toss5,+ verb.contact:toss4,+ ] [ flip, verb.contact:flip,+ verb.motion:flip1,+ verb.motion:flip2,+ ] throw,@ sport,;c ((sports) the act of throwing the ball to another member of your team; "the pass was fumbled") }
{ [ pitch, verb.contact:pitch,+ ] throw,@ (the action or manner of throwing something; "his pitch fell short and his hat landed on the floor") }
{ [ pitch3, verb.contact:pitch13,+ ] delivery3, throw,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) the act of throwing a baseball by a pitcher to a batter) }
{ ringer, throw,@ horseshoes,;c ((horseshoes) the successful throw of a horseshoe or quoit so as to encircle a stake or peg) }
{ [ shy, verb.contact:shy,+ ] throw,@ (a quick throw; "he gave the ball a shy to the first baseman") }
{ [ slinging, verb.contact:sling,+ ] throw,@ (throwing with a wide motion (as if with a sling)) }
{ throw-in, throw,@ rugby,;c ((rugby) an act or instance of throwing a ball in to put it into play) }
{ [ balk, adj.all:intractable^balky,+ ] pitch3,@ (an illegal pitching motion while runners are on base) }
{ ball, pitch3,@ (a pitch that is not in the strike zone; "he threw nine straight balls before the manager yanked him") }
{ beanball, [ beaner, verb.contact:bean,+ ] pitch3,@ (a baseball deliberately thrown at the batter's head) }
{ change-up, change-of-pace, change-of-pace_ball, off-speed_pitch, pitch3,@ (a baseball thrown with little velocity when the batter is expecting a fastball) }
{ curve2, curve_ball, breaking_ball, [ bender2, verb.motion:bend1,+ ] pitch3,@ (a pitch of a baseball that is thrown with spin so that its path curves as it approaches the batter) }
{ duster, pitch3,@ (a pitch thrown deliberately close to the batter) }
{ fastball, heater, smoke2, hummer, bullet, pitch3,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a pitch thrown with maximum velocity; "he swung late on the fastball"; "he showed batters nothing but smoke") }
{ knuckleball, knuckler, pitch3,@ (a baseball pitch thrown with little speed or spin) }
{ overhand_pitch, pitch3,@ (a baseball pitch in which the hand moves above the shoulder) }
{ passed_ball, pitch3,@ (a pitch that the catcher should have caught but did not; allows a base runner to advance a base) }
{ screwball, pitch3,@ (a pitch with reverse spin that curves toward the side of the plate from which it was thrown) }
{ sinker, pitch3,@ (a pitch that curves downward rapidly as it approaches the plate) }
{ [ slider, verb.motion:slide1,+ ] fastball,@ (a fastball that curves slightly away from the side from which it was thrown) }
{ spitball, spitter, pitch3,@ (an illegal pitch in which a foreign substance (spit or Vaseline) is applied to the ball by the pitcher before he throws it) }
{ [ strike5, verb.competition:strike,+ ] pitch3,@ ((baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the batter hits into foul territory, or that the batter does not swing at but the umpire judges to be in the area over home plate and between the batter's knees and shoulders; "this pitcher throws more strikes than balls") }
{ submarine_ball, submarine_pitch, pitch3,@ (a pitch thrown sidearm instead of overhead) }
{ wild_pitch, pitch3,@ (an errant pitch that the catcher cannot be expected to catch and that allows a base runner to advance a base) }
{ basketball_shot, shot8,@ basketball,#p (throwing the basketball toward the hoop; "his shot hit the rim and bounced out") }
{ bank_shot, basketball_shot,@ (a basketball shot that bounces off of the backboard before passing through the hoop) }
{ [ dunk, verb.contact:dunk1,+ ] dunk_shot, stuff_shot, basketball_shot,@ (a basketball shot in which the basketball is propelled downward into the basket) }
{ slam_dunk, dunk,@ (a forceful dunk) }
{ finger-roll, basketball_shot,@ (a basketball shot that rolls off the tips of the fingers into the basket) }
{ foul_shot, free_throw, penalty_free_throw, charity_toss, charity_throw, charity_shot, basketball_shot,@ (an unhindered basketball shot from the foul line; given to penalize the other team for committing a foul) }
{ one-and-one, foul_shot,@ (a foul shot that must be made in order to earn the right to a second foul shot) }
{ hook_shot, hook3, basketball_shot,@ (a basketball shot made over the head with the hand that is farther from the basket) }
{ jumper, jump_shot, basketball_shot,@ basketball,;c ((basketball) a player releases the basketball at the high point of a jump) }
{ lay-up, layup, basketball_shot,@ (a basketball shot made with one hand from a position under or beside the basket (and usually banked off the backboard)) }
{ pivot_shot, basketball_shot,@ (a one-handed basketball shot made while whirling on the pivot foot) }
{ set_shot, basketball_shot,@ (a two-handed basketball shot from a stationary position) }
{ scoop_shot, basketball_shot,@ (a basketball shot made with an underhand scooping motion) }
{ tip_in, basketball_shot,@ (a basketball shot made by tapping the rebounding ball back into the basket) }
{ [ push, verb.contact:push6,+ verb.motion:push8,+ verb.motion:push2,+ verb.motion:push,+ ] [ pushing, verb.motion:push,+ ] propulsion,@ (the act of applying force in order to move something away; "he gave the door a hard push"; "the pushing is good exercise") }
{ [ depression1, verb.contact:depress10,+ ] push,@ (pushing down; "depression of the space bar on the typewriter") }
{ [ click, verb.motion:click,+ ] mouse_click, depression1,@ (depression of a button on a computer mouse; "a click on the right button for example") }
{ [ nudge, verb.contact:nudge,+ ] [ jog1, verb.contact:jog,+ ] push,@ (a slight push or shake) }
{ [ press, verb.contact:press6,+ verb.creation:press1,+ verb.contact:press2,+ verb.contact:press1,+ verb.contact:press,+ ] [ pressure, verb.contact:press,+ ] [ pressing, verb.contact:press2,+ verb.contact:press1,+ verb.contact:press,+ ] push,@ (the act of pressing; the exertion of pressure; "he gave the button a press"; "he used pressure to stop the bleeding"; "at the pressing of a button") }
{ [ impression1, verb.contact:impress,+ ] press,@ (the act of pressing one thing on or into the surface of another; "he watched the impression of the seal on the hot wax") }
{ [ shove, verb.motion:shove1,+ verb.contact:shove,+ verb.motion:shove,+ ] push,@ (the act of shoving (giving a push to someone or something); "he gave the door a shove") }
{ bundling1, shove,@ (the act of shoving hastily; "she complained about bundling the children off to school") }
{ [ jostle, verb.motion:jostle,+ verb.motion:jostle2,+ ] [ jostling, verb.motion:jostle2,+ verb.motion:jostle,+ ] shove,@ (the act of jostling (forcing your way by pushing)) }
{ [ elbowing, verb.motion:elbow,+ ] jostle,@ (jostling with the elbows; "elbowing is a foul in basketball") }
{ [ pull, verb.contact:pull4,+ verb.contact:pull2,+ verb.contact:pull,+ ] [ pulling, verb.contact:pull4,+ verb.contact:pull,+ ] propulsion,@ (the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you; "the pull up the hill had him breathing harder"; "his strenuous pulling strained his back") }
{ [ drag, verb.contact:drag1,+ verb.contact:drag,+ ] pull,@ (the act of dragging (pulling with force); "the drag up the hill exhausted him") }
{ [ draw, verb.contact:draw3,+ ] [ haul, verb.contact:haul,+ verb.contact:haul1,+ ] [ haulage, verb.contact:haul1,+ verb.contact:haul,+ ] pull,@ (the act of drawing or hauling something; "the haul up the hill went very slowly") }
{ [ tow, verb.contact:tow,+ ] [ towage, verb.contact:tow,+ ] haul,@ (the act of hauling something (as a vehicle) by means of a hitch or rope; "the truck gave him a tow to the garage") }
{ [ tug, verb.contact:tug2,+ verb.contact:tug1,+ verb.contact:tug,+ ] [ jerk1, verb.motion:jerk,+ verb.contact:jerk1,+ ] pull,@ (a sudden abrupt pull) }
{ draft, draught, [ drawing4, verb.contact:draw3,+ ] pull,@ (the act of moving a load by drawing or pulling) }
{ [ extirpation1, verb.creation:extirpate,+ verb.contact:extirpate,+ ] excision1, [ deracination, verb.contact:deracinate,+ ] pull,@ (the act of pulling up or out; uprooting; cutting off from existence) }
{ [ pluck, verb.contact:pluck2,+ ] pull,@ (the act of pulling and releasing a taut cord) }
{ traction, pull,@ noun.cognition:orthopedics,;c ((orthopedics) the act of pulling on a bone or limb (as in a fracture) to relieve pressure or align parts in a special way during healing; "his leg was in traction for several days") }
{ [ lift, verb.contact:lift1,+ verb.motion:lift1,+ verb.motion:lift,+ ] [ raise, verb.motion:raise,+ verb.motion:raise2,+ ] [ heave2, verb.contact:heave,+ ] propulsion,@ (the act of raising something; "he responded with a lift of his eyebrow"; "fireman learn several different raises for getting ladders up") }
{ [ expulsion, verb.body:expel,+ ] projection, [ ejection1, verb.motion:eject,+ verb.contact:eject,+ verb.body:eject,+ ] forcing_out, propulsion,@ (the act of expelling or projecting or ejecting) }
{ [ defenestration, verb.contact:defenestrate,+ ] ejection,@ (the act of throwing someone or something out of a window) }
{ accommodation_reflex, reflex,@ (reflex changes in the eyes that enable an object to be focused on the retina) }
{ Babinski, Babinski_reflex, Babinski_sign, reflex,@ (extension upward of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front; normal in infants under the age of two years but a sign of brain or spinal cord injury in older persons) }
{ [ belch, verb.body:belch,+ ] belching, [ burp, verb.body:burp,+ ] burping, [ eructation, verb.body:eruct,+ ] reflex,@ expulsion,@ (a reflex that expels gas noisily from the stomach through the mouth) }
{ belching1, expulsion,@ (the forceful expulsion of something from inside; "the belching of smoke from factory chimneys") }
{ [ blink, verb.body:blink1,+ verb.body:blink,+ ] eye_blink, [ blinking, verb.body:blink,+ ] [ wink, verb.body:wink,+ ] [ winking, verb.body:wink,+ ] [ nictitation, verb.body:nictitate,+ ] [ nictation, verb.body:nictate,+ ] reflex,@ (a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly) }
{ [ blush, verb.body:blush,+ ] [ flush, verb.body:flush,+ ] reflex,@ (sudden reddening of the face (as from embarrassment or guilt or shame or modesty)) }
{ coughing_up, expulsion,@ (the act of expelling (food or phlegm) by coughing) }
{ [ spit, verb.body:spit,+ ] [ spitting, verb.body:spit,+ ] [ expectoration, verb.body:expectorate,+ ] expulsion,@ (the act of spitting (forcefully expelling saliva)) }
{ [ vomit, verb.body:vomit,+ ] [ vomiting, verb.body:vomit,+ ] emesis, [ regurgitation, verb.body:regurgitate,+ ] [ disgorgement, verb.body:disgorge,+ ] [ puking, verb.body:puke,+ ] reflex,@ expulsion,@ (the reflex act of ejecting the contents of the stomach through the mouth) }
{ rumination, vomit,@ (regurgitation of small amounts of food; seen in some infants after feeding) }
{ hematemesis, haematemesis, vomit,@ (vomiting blood) }
{ hyperemesis, vomit,@ (severe and excessive vomiting) }
{ hyperemesis_gravidarum, hyperemesis,@ (hyperemesis during pregnancy; if severe it can result in damage to the brain and liver and kidney) }
{ [ jump, verb.motion:jump,+ ] [ jumping1, verb.motion:jump,+ ] propulsion,@ (the act of jumping; propelling yourself off the ground; "he advanced in a series of jumps"; "the jumping was unexpected") }
{ header1, jump,@ (a headlong jump (or fall); "he took a header into the shrubbery") }
{ [ hop, verb.motion:hop1,+ verb.motion:hop2,+ verb.motion:hop4,+ verb.motion:hop,+ ] jump,@ (the act of hopping; jumping upward or forward (especially on one foot)) }
{ [ leap, verb.motion:leap10,+ verb.motion:leap,+ ] leaping, [ spring, verb.motion:spring,+ verb.motion:spring1,+ ] [ saltation, verb.motion:saltate,+ ] [ bound, verb.motion:bound1,+ verb.motion:bound,+ ] bounce, jump,@ (a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards) }
{ [ vault, verb.motion:vault1,+ ] [ hurdle, verb.motion:hurdle,+ ] jump,@ (the act of jumping over an obstacle) }
{ jumping_up_and_down, jumping1,@ (jumping in one spot (as in excitement); "the wailing and jumping up and down exhausted him") }
{ [ lob, verb.contact:lob,+ ] propulsion,@ (the act of propelling something (as a ball or shell etc.) in a high arc) }
{ centering, [ snap1, verb.contact:snap3,+ ] pass,@ American_football,;c ((American football) putting the ball in play by passing it (between the legs) to a back; "the quarterback fumbled the snap") }
{ [ sending, verb.motion:send1,+ verb.contact:send,+ verb.communication:send2,+ verb.communication:send,+ ] causing,@ (the act of causing something to go (especially messages)) }
{ [ transmission1, verb.contact:transmit,+ ] [ transmittal, verb.motion:transmit,+ verb.contact:transmit,+ ] [ transmitting, verb.contact:transmit,+ ] sending,@ (the act of sending a message; causing a message to be transmitted) }
{ [ forwarding1, verb.motion:forward,+ ] transmission1,@ (the act of sending on to another destination; "the forwarding of mail to a new address is done automatically"; "the forwarding of resumes to the personnel department") }
{ [ referral, verb.motion:refer,+ ] forwarding1,@ (the act of referring (as forwarding an applicant for employment or referring a matter to an appropriate agency)) }
{ [ remission1, verb.communication:remit1,+ ] [ remitment, verb.communication:remit1,+ ] [ remit, verb.communication:remit1,+ ] referral,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the act of remitting (especially the referral of a law case to another court)) }
{ [ mailing, verb.contact:mail,+ verb.communication:mail,+ ] [ posting, verb.communication:post2,+ ] transmission1,@ (the transmission of a letter; "the postmark indicates the time of mailing") }
{ [ wheeling, verb.motion:wheel2,+ ] [ rolling, verb.motion:roll1,+ ] propulsion,@ (propelling something on wheels) }
{ [ shooting, verb.competition:shoot,+ ] shot, propulsion,@ (the act of firing a projectile; "his shooting was slow but accurate") }
{ [ shoot, verb.competition:shoot,+ verb.competition:shoot1,+ ] shooting,@ (the act of shooting at targets; "they hold a shoot every weekend during the summer") }
{ countershot, shooting,@ (a return shot; a retaliatory shot) }
{ [ discharge, verb.competition:discharge1,+ verb.competition:discharge2,+ verb.contact:discharge1,+ ] [ firing2, verb.competition:fire,+ ] firing_off, shooting,@ (the act of discharging a gun) }
{ [ gun, verb.competition:gun,+ ] discharge,@ noun.group:military,;c (the discharge of a firearm as signal or as a salute in military ceremonies; "two runners started before the gun"; "a twenty gun salute") }
{ fire_control, preparation2,@ shooting,#p (preparation for the delivery of shellfire on a target) }
{ gunfire, gunshot, shooting,@ (the act of shooting a gun; "the gunfire endangered innocent bystanders"; "they retreated in the face of withering enemy fire") }
{ enfilade, enfilade_fire, gunfire,@ (gunfire directed along the length rather than the breadth of a formation) }
{ [ snipe, verb.competition:snipe,+ ] gunfire,@ (a gunshot from a concealed location) }
{ headshot, shooting,@ (a shot aimed at a person's head) }
{ skeet, skeet_shooting, trapshooting, shoot,@ (the sport of shooting at clay pigeons that are hurled upward in such a way as to simulate the flight of a bird) }
{ shellfire, shooting,@ (shooting artillery shells) }
{ gunfight, gunplay, shootout, fight2,@ (a fight involving shooting small arms with the intent to kill or frighten) }
{ potshot, shooting,@ (a shot taken at an easy or casual target (as by a pothunter)) }

{ [ contact, verb.contact:contact3,+ ] physical_contact, touch,@ (the act of touching physically; "her fingers came in contact with the light switch") }
{ [ rub, verb.perception:rub,+ verb.contact:rub,+ ] [ wipe, verb.contact:wipe,+ ] contact,@ (the act of rubbing or wiping; "he gave the hood a quick rub") }
{ [ scuff, verb.motion:scuff,+ ] rub,@ (the act of scuffing (scraping or dragging the feet)) }
{ [ tap, verb.perception:tap1,+ verb.contact:tap,+ ] [ pat, verb.contact:pat,+ verb.contact:pat1,+ ] [ dab, verb.contact:dab1,+ verb.contact:dab,+ ] touch,@ (a light touch or stroke) }
{ [ hit, verb.contact:hit,+ ] [ hitting, verb.contact:hit3,+ verb.contact:hit1,+ verb.contact:hit,+ verb.competition:hit3,+ verb.competition:hit1,+ ] [ striking, verb.contact:strike,+ ] touch,@ (the act of contacting one thing with another; "repeated hitting raised a large bruise"; "after three misses she finally got a hit") }
{ [ contusion, verb.contact:contuse,+ ] hit,@ (the action of bruising; "the bruise resulted from a contusion") }
{ [ crash, verb.contact:crash,+ ] smash, hit,@ (the act of colliding with something; "his crash through the window"; "the fullback's smash into the defensive line") }
{ impingement1, impaction, crash,@ (a sharp collision produced by striking or dashing against something) }
{ [ batting, verb.contact:bat1,+ ] attempt,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) the batter's attempt to get on base) }
{ [ fielding, verb.competition:field1,+ verb.competition:field,+ ] handling1,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) handling the ball while playing in the field) }
{ catching, playing,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) playing the position of catcher on a baseball team) }
{ [ golfing, verb.competition:golf,+ ] playing,@ (playing golf; "he goes south every winter for the golfing") }
{ pitching, playing,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) playing the position of pitcher on a baseball team) }
{ base_on_balls, [ walk1, verb.competition:walk1,+ verb.competition:walk,+ ] pass4, accomplishment,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls; "he worked the pitcher for a base on balls") }
{ [ best, adj.all:best,+ worst,!] effort,@ (the supreme effort one can make; "they did their best") }
{ [ worst, adj.all:worst,+ best,!] effort,@ (the weakest effort or poorest achievement one is capable of; "it was the worst he had ever done on a test") }
{ [ fair_ball, foul_ball,! ] contact,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it stays between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field) }
{ [ foul_ball, fair_ball,! ] foul1,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a ball struck with the bat so that it does not stay between the lines (the foul lines) that define the width of the playing field) }
{ [ snick1, verb.contact:snick2,+ ] contact,@ cricket,#p (a glancing contact with the ball off the edge of the cricket bat) }
{ [ bunt, verb.contact:bunt1,+ ] hit,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) the act of hitting a baseball lightly without swinging the bat) }
{ [ fly, verb.contact:fly1,+ ] fly_ball, hit,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a hit that flies up in the air) }
{ [ blast, verb.contact:blast,+ ] fly,@ baseball,;c (a very long fly ball) }
{ pop_fly, pop-fly, pop-up, fly,@ baseball,;c (a short high fly ball) }
{ [ grounder, verb.contact:ground11,+ ] ground_ball, groundball, [ hopper, verb.motion:hop,+ ] hit,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a hit that travels along the ground) }
{ chop1, [ chopper, verb.contact:chop3,+ ] grounder,@ (a grounder that bounces high in the air) }
{ roller, grounder,@ (a grounder that rolls along the infield) }
{ out, failure,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a failure by a batter or runner to reach a base safely in baseball; "you only get 3 outs per inning") }
{ force_out, force-out, force_play, force, putout,@ baseball,;c (a putout of a base runner who is required to run; the putout is accomplished by holding the ball while touching the base to which the runner must advance before the runner reaches that base; "the shortstop got the runner at second on a force") }
{ [ putout, verb.contact:put_out1,+ verb.competition:put_out,+ ] baseball,;c out,@ (an out resulting from a fielding play (not a strikeout); "the first baseman made 15 putouts") }
{ [ strikeout, verb.competition:strike_out,+ ] baseball,;c out,@ (an out resulting from the batter getting three strikes) }
{ [ whiff, verb.contact:whiff,+ ] strikeout,@ (a strikeout resulting from the batter swinging at and missing the ball for the third strike) }
{ fielder's_choice, putout,@ (a play made on a ground ball in which the fielder chooses to put out an advancing runner instead of the batter) }
{ sacrifice2, putout,@ noun.act:baseball,;c ((baseball) an out that advances the base runners) }
{ sacrifice_fly, sacrifice2,@ (a sacrifice made by hitting a long fly ball) }
{ base_hit, safety, hit3,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) the successful act of striking a baseball in such a way that the batter reaches base safely) }
{ daisy_cutter, ball1,@ sport,;c (a batted or served ball that skims along close to the ground) }
{ header, hit,@ soccer,;c ((soccer) the act of hitting the ball with your head) }
{ liner, line_drive, fly,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a hit that flies straight out from the batter; "the batter hit a liner to the shortstop") }
{ scorcher, screamer, hit,@ (a very hard hit ball) }
{ line-drive_single, line_single, single,@ (a single resulting from a line drive) }
{ line-drive_double, line_double, double,@ (a double resulting from a line drive) }
{ line-drive_triple, line_triple, triple,@ (a triple resulting from a line drive) }
{ plunk, plunker, hit,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) hitting a baseball so that it drops suddenly) }
{ [ homer, verb.competition:homer,+ ] home_run, base_hit,@ (a base hit on which the batter scores a run) }
{ solo_homer, solo_blast, homer,@ (a home run with no runners on base) }
{ [ single, verb.contact:single,+ ] bingle, base_hit,@ (a base hit on which the batter stops safely at first base) }
{ [ double, verb.contact:double,+ ] two-base_hit, two-bagger, two-baser, base_hit,@ (a base hit on which the batter stops safely at second base; "he hit a double to deep centerfield") }
{ [ triple, verb.contact:triple,+ ] three-base_hit, three-bagger, base_hit,@ (a base hit at which the batter stops safely at third base) }
{ backhander, blow1,@ (a backhanded blow) }
{ clip1, blow1,@ (a sharp slanting blow; "he gave me a clip on the ear") }
{ [ knock, verb.contact:knock4,+ ] belt, [ rap, verb.contact:rap,+ ] [ whack, verb.contact:whack,+ ] [ whang, verb.contact:whang1,+ verb.communication:whang,+ ] blow1,@ (the act of hitting vigorously; "he gave the table a whack") }
{ [ thwack, verb.contact:thwack,+ ] blow1,@ (a hard blow with a flat object) }
{ [ smack, verb.contact:smack2,+ ] [ smacking, verb.contact:smack2,+ ] [ slap, verb.contact:slap,+ ] blow1,@ (the act of smacking something; a blow delivered with an open hand) }
{ [ smacker1, verb.contact:smack2,+ ] blow1,@ (a very powerful blow with the fist) }
{ [ knockdown, verb.contact:knock_down,+ ] blow1,@ (a blow that knocks the opponent off his feet) }
{ [ knockout, verb.contact:knock_out,+ ] KO, kayo, blow1,@ (a blow that renders the opponent unconscious) }
{ technical_knockout, TKO, knockout,@ (a knockout declared by the referee who judges one boxer unable to continue) }
{ [ swat, verb.contact:swat,+ ] blow1,@ (a sharp blow) }
{ [ spank, verb.contact:spank,+ ] smack,@ (a slap with the flat of the hand) }
{ [ whip, verb.contact:whip,+ ] [ lash, verb.contact:lash,+ verb.contact:lash1,+ ] whiplash, blow1,@ (a quick blow delivered with a whip or whiplike object; "the whip raised a red welt") }
{ [ punch, verb.contact:punch,+ ] [ clout, verb.contact:clout,+ ] [ poke, verb.contact:poke2,+ ] lick1, [ biff, verb.contact:biff,+ ] [ slug, verb.contact:slug,+ ] blow1,@ boxing,;c ((boxing) a blow with the fist; "I gave him a clout on his nose") }
{ [ box, verb.contact:box1,+ verb.contact:box,+ ] blow1,@ (a blow with the hand (usually on the ear); "I gave him a good box on the ear") }
{ [ dig2, verb.contact:dig3,+ ] [ jab2, verb.contact:jab,+ ] touch,@ (the act of touching someone suddenly with your finger or elbow; "she gave me a sharp dig in the ribs") }
{ counterpunch, [ parry, verb.competition:parry,+ ] counter, punch,@ (a return punch (especially by a boxer)) }
{ haymaker, knockout_punch, KO_punch, Sunday_punch, punch,@ (a hard punch that renders the opponent unable to continue boxing) }
{ [ hook, verb.contact:hook2,+ ] punch,@ (a short swinging punch delivered from the side with the elbow bent) }
{ [ jab, verb.contact:jab1,+ ] punch,@ (a quick short straight punch) }
{ rabbit_punch, punch,@ (a short chopping blow to the back of the neck) }
{ sucker_punch, punch,@ (an unexpected punch) }
{ roundhouse, hook,@ (a hook delivered with an exaggerated swing) }
{ [ kick, verb.contact:kick,+ verb.contact:kick1,+ ] [ boot, verb.contact:boot,+ ] [ kicking, verb.contact:kick1,+ verb.contact:kick,+ ] blow1,@ (the act of delivering a blow with the foot; "he gave the ball a powerful kick"; "the team's kicking was excellent") }
{ goal-kick, kick,@ association_football,;c ((association football) a kick by the defending side after the attacking side sends the ball over the goal-line) }
{ goal-kick1, kick,@ rugby,;c ((rugby) an attempt to kick a goal) }
{ [ punt, verb.contact:punt1,+ ] [ punting, verb.contact:punt1,+ ] kick,@ football,;c ((football) a kick in which the football is dropped from the hands and kicked before it touches the ground; "the punt traveled 50 yards"; "punting is an important part of the game") }
{ place_kick, [ place-kicking, verb.contact:place-kick,+ verb.competition:place-kick,+ ] kick,@ soccer,;c football,;c ((sports) a kick in which the ball is placed on the ground before kicking) }
{ free_kick, place_kick,@ soccer,;c ((soccer) a place kick that is allowed for a foul or infringement by the other team) }
{ corner_kick, free_kick,@ (a free kick from the corner awarded to the other side when a player has sent the ball behind his own goal line) }
{ [ dropkick, verb.contact:dropkick,+ ] kick,@ football,;c ((football) kicking (as for a field goal) in which the football is dropped and kicked as it touches the ground) }
{ [ kiss1, verb.contact:kiss1,+ ] touch,@ (a light glancing touch; "there was a brief kiss of their hands in passing") }
{ [ kiss, verb.contact:kiss,+ ] [ buss, verb.contact:buss,+ ] [ osculation, verb.contact:osculate,+ ] touch,@ (the act of caressing with the lips (or an instance thereof)) }
{ laying_on, contact,@ (the act of contacting something with your hand; "peonies can be blighted by the laying on of a finger") }
{ [ smack1, verb.contact:smack1,+ ] [ smooch, verb.contact:smooch,+ ] kiss,@ (an enthusiastic kiss) }
{ smacker, smack1,@ (a loud kiss) }
{ soul_kiss, deep_kiss, French_kiss, kiss,@ (an openmouthed kiss in which your tongue is inserted into the other's mouth) }
{ [ catch, verb.contact:catch,+ ] [ grab, verb.possession:grab,+ verb.motion:grab2,+ verb.contact:grab5,+ verb.contact:grab,+ ] [ snatch, verb.contact:snatch2,+ verb.contact:snatch,+ ] [ snap, verb.contact:snap,+ ] touch,@ (the act of catching an object with the hands; "Mays made the catch with his back to the plate"; "he made a grab for the ball before it landed"; "Martin's snatch at the bridle failed and the horse raced away"; "the infielder's snap and throw was a single motion") }
{ fair_catch, catch,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a catch of a punt on the fly by a defensive player who has signalled that he will not run and so should not be tackled) }
{ interception1, catch,@ American_football,;c ((American football) the act of catching a football by a player on the opposing team) }
{ reception3, catch,@ American_football,;c ((American football) the act of catching a pass in football; "the tight end made a great reception on the 20 yard line") }
{ rebound, catch,@ basketball,#p (the act of securing possession of the rebounding basketball after a missed shot) }
{ shoestring_catch, catch,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a running catch made near the ground) }
{ [ mesh, verb.contact:mesh1,+ ] meshing, [ interlock, verb.contact:interlock1,+ verb.change:interlock,+ ] [ interlocking, verb.contact:interlock,+ ] catch,@ (the act of interlocking or meshing; "an interlocking of arms by the police held the crowd in check") }
{ [ handling1, verb.contact:handle,+ ] [ manipulation1, verb.contact:manipulate,+ verb.body:manipulate,+ ] touch,@ (the action of touching with the hands (or the skillful use of the hands) or by the use of mechanical means) }
{ [ fingering, verb.contact:finger5,+ verb.contact:finger,+ ] touch,@ (touching something with the fingers) }
{ [ grope, verb.contact:grope2,+ verb.social:grope,+ verb.contact:grope1,+ ] touch,@ (the act of groping; and instance of groping) }
{ audit, examination,@ (a methodical examination or review of a condition or situation; "he made an audit of all the plants on his property"; "an energy efficiency audit"; "an email log audit") }
{ [ autopsy, verb.perception:autopsy,+ ] necropsy, postmortem, post-mortem, PM, postmortem_examination, post-mortem_examination, examination,@ (an examination and dissection of a dead body to determine cause of death or the changes produced by disease) }
{ [ check-in, verb.communication:check_in,+ ] arrival1,@ (the act of reporting your presence (as at an airport or a hotel)) }
{ [ check5, verb.stative:check9,+ verb.communication:check10,+ verb.cognition:check12,+ verb.cognition:check2,+ verb.cognition:check,+ ] [ checkout, verb.cognition:check_out,+ ] check-out_procedure, inspection,@ (the act of inspecting or verifying; "they made a check of their equipment"; "the pilot ran through the check-out procedure") }
{ [ spot_check, verb.cognition:spot-check,+ ] check5,@ (a check on work performance or product quality made at random times without warning; "spot checks ensure a high level of performance by employees") }
{ checkup, medical_checkup, medical_examination, medical_exam, [ medical, adj.pert:medical,+ ] health_check, examination,@ (a thorough physical examination; includes a variety of tests depending on the age and sex and health of the person) }
{ [ comparison, verb.cognition:compare,+ ] [ comparing, verb.cognition:compare1,+ verb.cognition:compare,+ ] examination,@ (the act of examining resemblances; "they made a comparison of noise levels"; "the fractions selected for comparison must require pupils to consider both numerator and denominator") }
{ fine-tooth_comb, fine-toothed_comb, examination,@ (a method of examining in minute detail; "he went over the contract with a fine-tooth comb looking for loopholes") }
{ [ follow-up, verb.change:follow_up,+ verb.change:follow_up1,+ ] [ followup, verb.change:follow_up,+ verb.change:follow_up1,+ ] [ reexamination, verb.cognition:reexamine,+ ] [ review, verb.cognition:review,+ ] examination,@ (a subsequent examination of a patient for the purpose of monitoring earlier treatment) }
{ going-over, examination,@ (a careful and thorough inspection) }
{ once-over, look-over, examination,@ (a swift cursory examination or inspection; "I gave him the once-over") }
{ ophthalmoscopy, examination,@ (examination of the interior of an eye using an ophthalmoscope) }
{ [ palpation, verb.contact:palpate,+ ] tactual_exploration, examination,@ touch,@ (a method of examination in which the examiner feels the size or shape or firmness or location of something (of body parts when the examiner is a health professional)) }
{ ballottement, palpation,@ (a palpatory technique for feeling a floating object in the body (especially for determining the position of a fetus by feeling the rebound of the fetus after a quick digital tap on the wall of the uterus)) }
{ [ tickle, verb.contact:tickle,+ verb.perception:tickle,+ ] [ tickling, verb.perception:tickle,+ verb.contact:tickle,+ ] [ titillation, verb.perception:titillate,+ ] touch,@ (the act of tickling) }
{ [ stroke1, verb.contact:stroke,+ ] [ stroking, verb.contact:stroke,+ ] touch,@ (a light touch with the hands) }
{ [ caress, verb.contact:caress,+ ] stroke1,@ (a gentle affectionate stroking (or something resembling it); "he showered her with caresses"; "soft music was a fond caress"; "the caresses of the breeze played over his face") }
{ [ tag, verb.contact:tag1,+ ] touch,@ baseball,;c tag1,;c ((sports) the act of touching a player in a game (which changes their status in the game)) }
{ [ joining, verb.stative:join1,+ verb.contact:join1,+ verb.contact:join,+ ] [ connection, verb.communication:connect,+ verb.social:connect,+ ] [ connexion, verb.social:connect,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of bringing two things into contact (especially for communication); "the joining of hands around the table"; "there was a connection via the internet") }
{ hit5, joining,@ (a connection made via the internet to another website; "WordNet gets many hits from users worldwide") }
{ [ interconnection, verb.contact:interconnect1,+ ] joining,@ noun.artifact:computer,;c ((computer science) the act of interconnecting (wires or computers or theories etc.)) }
{ [ intersection, verb.motion:intersect,+ ] joining,@ (the act of intersecting (as joining by causing your path to intersect your target's path)) }
{ approximation, bringing_close_together, joining,@ (the act of bringing near or bringing together especially the cut edges of tissue) }
{ [ concatenation, verb.change:concatenate,+ ] joining,@ (the act of linking together as in a series or chain) }
{ [ convergence1, adj.all:convergent,+ verb.motion:converge,+ ] [ converging, verb.stative:converge,+ verb.motion:converge,+ verb.change:converge,+ ] [ convergency, adj.all:convergent,+ verb.stative:converge,+ verb.motion:converge,+ ] joining,@ (the act of converging (coming closer)) }
{ [ merging2, verb.change:merge,+ ] meeting2, coming_together2, convergence1,@ (the act of joining together as one; "the merging of the two groups occurred quickly"; "there was no meeting of minds") }
{ concourse, confluence2, meeting2,@ (a coming together of people) }
{ [ encounter1, verb.motion:encounter,+ ] coming_upon, joining,@ (a casual meeting with a person or thing) }
{ [ articulation, verb.possession:articulate,+ ] joining,@ (the act of joining things in such a way that motion is possible) }
{ [ junction, verb.contact:join1,+ ] [ adjunction, verb.contact:adjoin3,+ ] joining,@ (an act of joining or adjoining things) }
{ [ fastening, verb.contact:fasten1,+ ] [ attachment, verb.contact:attach1,+ ] joining,@ (the act of fastening things together) }
{ [ loosening, verb.contact:loosen5,+ verb.change:loosen1,+ verb.change:loosen,+ tightening,! ] laxation, adjustment,@ (the act of making something less tight) }
{ [ tightening, verb.change:tighten1,+ loosening,! ] adjustment,@ (the act of making something tighter; "the tightening of economic controls") }
{ [ ligation, verb.body:ligate,+ ] tying,@ noun.cognition:surgery,;c ((surgery) tying a duct or blood vessel with a ligature (as to prevent bleeding during surgery)) }
{ tubal_ligation, ligation,@ surgical_contraception,@ (a sterilization procedure with women; both Fallopian tubes are tied in two places and the tubes removed in between the ligations) }
{ bonding, [ soldering, verb.contact:solder,+ ] fastening,@ (fastening firmly together) }
{ doweling, fastening,@ (fastening by dowels) }
{ [ grounding, verb.contact:ground2,+ ] [ earthing, verb.contact:earth,+ ] fastening,@ (fastening electrical equipment to earth) }
{ [ linkage, verb.contact:link,+ ] fastening,@ (the act of linking things together) }
{ [ tying, verb.creation:tie,+ verb.contact:tie,+ ] [ ligature, verb.body:ligate,+ ] fastening,@ (the act of tying or binding things together) }
{ [ untying, verb.contact:untie1,+ ] [ undoing1, verb.contact:undo1,+ ] [ unfastening, verb.contact:unfasten1,+ verb.contact:unfasten,+ ] loosening,@ (loosening the ties that fasten something; "the tying of bow ties is an art; the untying is easy") }
{ [ welding, verb.contact:weld,+ ] fastening,@ (fastening two pieces of metal together by softening with heat and applying pressure) }
{ [ butt_welding, verb.contact:buttweld,+ verb.contact:butt-weld,+ ] [ butt-welding, verb.contact:buttweld,+ verb.contact:butt-weld,+ ] welding,@ (creating a butt joint by welding) }
{ [ spot_welding, verb.contact:spotweld,+ verb.contact:spot-weld,+ ] [ spot-welding, verb.contact:spotweld,+ verb.contact:spot-weld,+ ] welding,@ (creating an overlapping joint by welding at small points) }
{ flare, fly,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a fly ball hit a short distance into the outfield) }
{ Texas_leaguer, fly,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a fly ball that falls between and infielder and an outfielder) }
{ flash_welding, flash_butt_welding, butt_welding,@ (butt welding by creating an electric arc between the two pieces which melts and joins them; used for joining segments of metal pipe) }
{ [ lick, verb.contact:lick,+ ] [ lap, verb.consumption:lap,+ verb.contact:lap,+ ] touch,@ (touching with the tongue; "the dog's laps were warm and wet") }
{ [ grazing, verb.contact:graze2,+ verb.contact:graze,+ ] [ shaving1, verb.contact:shave,+ ] skimming2, touch,@ (the act of brushing against while passing) }

{ tracing1, discovery,@ (the discovery and description of the course of development of something; "the tracing of genealogies") }
{ [ detection, verb.perception:detect,+ ] catching1, [ espial, verb.perception:espy,+ ] [ spying2, verb.perception:spy,+ ] [ spotting, verb.perception:spot,+ ] discovery,@ (the act of detecting something; catching sight of something) }
{ self-discovery, discovery,@ (discovering your own individuality) }
{ breakthrough2, discovery,@ (making an important discovery) }
{ [ determination, verb.communication:determine1,+ verb.communication:determine,+ verb.cognition:determine3,+ ] [ finding, verb.perception:find2,+ ] discovery,@ (the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation; "the determination of molecular structures") }
{ [ rediscovery, verb.perception:rediscover,+ ] discovery,@ (the act of discovering again) }
{ [ designation1, verb.communication:designate,+ ] [ identification, verb.communication:identify,+ verb.cognition:identify3,+ verb.cognition:identify1,+ ] determination,@ (the act of designating or identifying something) }
{ Bertillon_system, procedure,@ (a system or procedure for identifying persons) }
{ [ fingerprinting, verb.creation:fingerprint,+ ] procedure,@ (the procedure of taking inked impressions of a person's fingerprints for the purpose of identification) }
{ genetic_profiling, genetic_fingerprinting, procedure,@ (the procedure of analyzing the DNA in samples of a person's body tissue or body fluid for the purpose of identification) }
{ [ diagnosis, adj.pert:diagnostic,+ verb.cognition:diagnose1,+ verb.cognition:diagnose,+ ] [ diagnosing, verb.cognition:diagnose1,+ verb.cognition:diagnose,+ ] identification,@ (identifying the nature or cause of some phenomenon) }
{ blood_typing, diagnosis,@ (determining a person's blood type by serological methods) }
{ medical_diagnosis, diagnosis,@ medical_care,#p (identification of a disease from its symptoms) }
{ prenatal_diagnosis, diagnostic_procedure,@ (any of the diagnostic procedures used to determine whether a fetus has a genetic abnormality) }
{ differential_diagnosis, medical_diagnosis,@ (a systematic method of diagnosing a disorder (e.g., headache) that lacks unique symptoms or signs) }
{ [ prognosis, adj.all:prophetic^prognostic,+ ] prospect, medical_prognosis, medical_diagnosis,@ (a prediction of the course of a disease) }
{ [ resolution1, verb.cognition:resolve3,+ ] [ solving, verb.cognition:solve1,+ verb.cognition:solve,+ ] determination,@ (finding a solution to a problem) }
{ [ validation, verb.communication:validate,+ verb.cognition:validate,+ ] proof, [ substantiation, verb.cognition:substantiate,+ ] determination,@ (the act of validating; finding or testing the truth of something) }
{ [ authentication, verb.cognition:authenticate,+ ] [ certification1, verb.social:certify2,+ verb.social:certify,+ verb.possession:certify2,+ ] validation,@ (validating the authenticity of something or someone) }
{ [ documentation, verb.cognition:document,+ ] [ support2, verb.stative:support,+ verb.cognition:support,+ ] validation,@ (documentary validation; "his documentation of the results was excellent"; "the strongest support for this view is the work of Jones") }
{ [ monetization1, verb.social:monetize,+ demonetization,! ] [ monetisation1, verb.social:monetise,+ ] validation,@ (establishing something (e.g. gold or silver) as the legal tender of a country) }
{ [ probate, verb.social:probate,+ ] validation,@ (the act of proving that an instrument purporting to be a will was signed and executed in accord with legal requirements) }
{ [ demonetization, verb.change:demonetize,+ monetization1,! ] [ demonetisation, verb.change:demonetise,+ ] termination,@ (ending something (e.g. gold or silver) as no longer the legal tender of a country) }
{ falsification1, [ falsifying, verb.cognition:falsify,+ ] disproof, [ refutation, verb.cognition:refute,+ ] refutal, determination,@ (the act of determining that something is false) }
{ [ localization, verb.stative:localize1,+ verb.creation:localize,+ ] [ localisation, verb.stative:localise1,+ verb.social:localise,+ ] [ location1, verb.stative:locate,+ verb.possession:locate,+ ] locating1, fix2, determination,@ (a determination of the place where something is; "he got a good fix on the target") }
{ echolocation, echo_sounding, localization,@ (determining the location of something by measuring the time it takes for an echo to return from it) }
{ [ predetermination, verb.cognition:predetermine,+ ] determination,@ (the act of determining or ordaining in advance what is to take place) }
{ [ rectification1, verb.communication:rectify2,+ ] determination,@ (determination of the length of a curve; finding a straight line equal in length to a given curve) }
{ [ redetermination, verb.communication:redetermine,+ ] determination,@ (determining again) }

{ [ trigger, verb.creation:trigger,+ ] [ induction3, verb.communication:induce,+ verb.communication:induct,+ ] [ initiation2, verb.creation:initiate1,+ verb.change:initiate,+ ] causing,@ (an act that sets in motion some course of events) }
{ [ fomentation, verb.social:foment,+ ] [ instigation, verb.communication:instigate1,+ verb.communication:instigate,+ ] trigger,@ (deliberate and intentional triggering (of trouble or discord)) }
{ [ compulsion, verb.social:compel,+ ] [ coercion, verb.social:coerce,+ ] causing,@ (using force to cause something to occur; "though pressed into rugby under compulsion I began to enjoy the game"; "they didn't have to use coercion") }
{ [ influence, verb.cognition:influence,+ ] causing,@ (causing something without any direct or apparent effort) }
{ cross-pollination, influence,@ (stimulating influence among diverse elements; "the cross-pollination of the arts") }
{ [ exposure6, verb.perception:expose2,+ ] influence,@ (the act of subjecting someone to an influencing experience; "she denounced the exposure of children to pornography") }
{ [ overexposure1, verb.perception:overexpose,+ ] exposure6,@ (the act of exposing someone excessively to an influencing experience; "an overexposure to violence on television") }
{ underexposure1, exposure6,@ (inadequate publicity) }
{ [ impingement, verb.social:impinge10,+ ] [ encroachment2, verb.social:encroach10,+ ] [ impact, verb.change:impact,+ ] influence,@ (influencing strongly; "they resented the impingement of American values on European culture") }
{ [ manipulation, verb.social:manipulate,+ verb.emotion:manipulate,+ ] [ use2, verb.social:use14,+ ] influence,@ (exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage; "his manipulation of his friends was scandalous") }
{ mind_game, manipulation,@ (deliberate actions of calculated psychological manipulation intended to intimidate or confuse (usually for competitive advantage); "football players try to play mind games with the opposition"; "the jeweler's mind game is to convince lovers that the size of a gemstone reflects the depth of their feelings") }
{ autosuggestion, auto-suggestion, self-suggestion, self-improvement,@ (a system for self-improvement developed by Emile Coue which was popular in the 1920s and 1930s) }
{ [ hypnotism, noun.person:hypnotist,+ ] [ mesmerism, adj.all:attractive1^mesmeric,+ noun.person:mesmerist,+ noun.person:mesmerizer,+ ] suggestion2, influence,@ (the act of inducing hypnosis) }
{ [ inducement, verb.creation:induce,+ ] [ inducing, verb.creation:induce1,+ verb.creation:induce,+ verb.communication:induce,+ ] causation,@ (act of bringing about a desired result; "inducement of sleep") }
{ corruption1, inducement,@ (inducement (as of a public official) by improper means (as bribery) to violate duty (as by commiting a felony); "he was held on charges of corruption and racketeering") }
{ [ enticement, verb.communication:entice,+ ] [ temptation, verb.communication:tempt4,+ verb.communication:tempt,+ ] influence,@ (the act of influencing by exciting hope or desire; "his enticements were shameless") }
{ [ blandishment, verb.communication:blandish,+ ] [ wheedling, verb.communication:wheedle,+ ] enticement,@ (the act of urging by means of teasing or flattery) }
{ ingratiation, insinuation, blandishment,@ (the act of gaining acceptance or affection for yourself by persuasive and subtle blandishments; "she refused to use insinuation in order to gain favor") }
{ leading_astray, leading_off, enticement,@ (the act of enticing others into sinful ways) }
{ [ seduction, verb.communication:seduce,+ ] enticement,@ (enticing someone astray from right behavior) }
{ [ seduction1, verb.contact:seduce,+ ] conquest2, success,@ (an act of winning the love or sexual favor of someone) }
{ sexual_conquest, [ score1, verb.contact:score1,+ ] seduction1,@ (a seduction culminating in sexual intercourse; "calling his seduction of the girl a `score' was a typical example of male slang") }
{ cuckoldry, sexual_conquest,@ (the practice of making cuckolds; sexual conquests of married women) }
{ [ solicitation1, verb.communication:solicit1,+ ] [ allurement, verb.communication:allure,+ ] enticement,@ (the act of enticing a person to do something wrong (as an offer of sex in return for money)) }

{ choice, [ selection, verb.cognition:select,+ ] [ option, verb.cognition:opt,+ ] [ pick, verb.cognition:pick,+ ] action2,@ (the act of choosing or selecting; "your choice of colors was unfortunate"; "you can take your pick") }
{ [ casting3, verb.social:cast14,+ ] choice,@ (the choice of actors to play particular roles in a play or movie) }
{ [ coloration, verb.creation:color1,+ verb.change:color,+ ] colouration, choice,@ (choice and use of colors (as by an artist)) }
{ sampling, choice,@ noun.cognition:statistics,;c ((statistics) the selection of a suitable sample for study) }
{ random_sampling, sampling,@ (the selection of a random sample; each element of the population has an equal chance of being selected) }
{ lucky_dip1, random_sampling,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a selection or decision purely at random; "their system of hiring people seemed to be a sort of lucky dip") }
{ stratified_sampling, representative_sampling, proportional_sampling, sampling,@ (the population is divided into subpopulations (strata) and random samples are taken of each stratum) }
{ [ decision, verb.cognition:decide,+ ] [ determination1, verb.communication:determine5,+ verb.communication:determine,+ verb.cognition:determine1,+ verb.cognition:determine,+ ] [ conclusion1, verb.communication:conclude1,+ verb.cognition:conclude,+ ] choice,@ (the act of making up your mind about something; "the burden of decision was his"; "he drew his conclusions quickly") }
{ [ volition, adj.all:willing^volitional,+ ] [ willing, verb.cognition:will1,+ ] choice,@ (the act of making a choice; "followed my father of my own volition") }
{ [ intention, verb.cognition:intend,+ ] volition,@ (an act of intending; a volition that you intend to carry out; "my intention changed once I saw her") }
{ [ about-face1, verb.cognition:about-face,+ ] volte-face, reversal5, policy_change, change,@ (a major change in attitude or principle or point of view; "an about-face on foreign policy") }
{ adulteration, change,@ (the act of adulterating (especially the illicit substitution of one substance for another)) }
{ appointment, [ assignment1, verb.social:assign,+ ] [ designation, verb.social:designate,+ ] [ naming, verb.social:name1,+ verb.social:name,+ ] decision,@ (the act of putting a person into a non-elective position; "the appointment had to be approved by the whole committee") }
{ [ nomination, verb.social:nominate1,+ verb.social:nominate,+ verb.communication:nominate,+ ] appointment,@ (the act of officially naming a candidate; "the Republican nomination for Governor") }
{ [ assignment2, verb.cognition:assign3,+ ] assigning, distribution,@ (the act of distributing something to designated places or persons; "the first task is the assignment of an address to each datum") }
{ [ allocation1, verb.possession:allocate,+ ] storage_allocation, assignment2,@ noun.cognition:computer_science,;c ((computer science) the assignment of particular areas of a magnetic disk to particular data or instructions) }
{ [ call, verb.communication:call8,+ verb.communication:call6,+ ] decision,@ sport,;c ((sports) the decision made by an umpire or referee; "he was ejected for protesting the call") }
{ [ co-option1, verb.social:co-opt1,+ ] [ co-optation1, verb.social:co-opt1,+ ] appointment,@ (the act of appointing summarily (with or without the appointee's consent)) }
{ [ delegacy, verb.social:delegate1,+ verb.social:delegate,+ ] appointment,@ (the appointment of a delegate) }
{ ordination, [ ordinance, verb.social:ordain,+ ] appointment,@ holy_order,#p (the act of ordaining; the act of conferring (or receiving) holy orders; "the rabbi's family was present for his ordination") }
{ recognition, appointment,@ (designation by the chair granting a person the right to speak in a deliberative body; "he was unable to make his motion because he couldn't get recognition by the chairman") }
{ laying_on_of_hands, ordination,@ (laying hands on a person's head to invoke spiritual blessing in Christian ordination) }
{ [ move, verb.social:move,+ verb.body:move6,+ ] decision,@ (the act of deciding to do something; "he didn't make a move to help"; "his first move was to hire a lawyer") }
{ [ move2, verb.competition:move,+ ] turn6,@ game,;c ((game) a player's turn to take some action permitted by the rules of the game) }
{ chess_move, move2,@ chess,#p (the act of moving a chess piece) }
{ [ castle, verb.competition:castle,+ ] [ castling, verb.competition:castle,+ ] chess_move,@ (interchanging the positions of the king and a rook) }
{ capture2, chess_move,@ (the removal of an opponent's piece from the chess board) }
{ en_passant, capture2,@ chess,;c ((chess) a chess pawn that is moved two squares can be captured by an opponent's pawn commanding the square that was passed) }
{ exchange4, capture2,@ chess,;c ((chess) the capture by both players (usually on consecutive moves) of pieces of equal value; "the endgame began after the exchange of queens") }
{ exchange5, capture2,@ chess,;c ((chess) gaining (or losing) a rook in return for a knight or bishop; "black lost the exchange") }
{ check4, chess_move,@ chess,;c ((chess) a direct attack on an opponent's king) }
{ discovered_check, check4,@ (a check on the opponent's king that is delivered by moving a piece out of the line of attack by a queen or rook or bishop) }
{ [ checkmate, verb.competition:checkmate,+ ] [ mate, verb.competition:mate,+ ] chess_move,@ (a chess move constituting an inescapable and indefensible attack on the opponent's king) }
{ gambit, chess_move,@ (a chess move early in the game in which the player sacrifices minor pieces in order to obtain an advantageous position) }
{ demarche, move,@ (a move or step or maneuver in political or diplomatic affairs) }
{ maneuver, manoeuvre, tactical_maneuver, tactical_manoeuvre, move,@ (a move made to gain a tactical end) }
{ [ parking, verb.motion:park,+ ] maneuver,@ (the act of maneuvering a vehicle into a location where it can be left temporarily) }
{ [ move1, verb.motion:move2,+ ] [ relocation, verb.change:relocate1,+ verb.change:relocate,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing your residence or place of business; "they say that three moves equal one fire") }
{ flit1, move1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a secret move (to avoid paying debts); "they did a moonlight flit") }
{ downshift, change,@ (a change to a lower gear in a car or bicycle) }
{ downshift1, change,@ (a change from a financially rewarding but stressful career to a less well paid but more fulfilling one) }
{ [ bank, verb.motion:bank,+ ] flight_maneuver,@ (a flight maneuver; aircraft tips laterally about its longitudinal axis (especially in turning); "the plane went into a steep bank") }
{ vertical_bank, bank,@ (a bank so steep that the plane's lateral axis approaches the vertical) }
{ chandelle, flight_maneuver,@ (a flight maneuver consisting of a steep climbing turn executed to gain altitude while changing direction) }
{ [ loop, verb.motion:loop,+ ] loop-the-loop, flight_maneuver,@ (a flight maneuver; aircraft flies a complete circle in the vertical plane) }
{ inside_loop, loop,@ (a loop consisting of a climb followed by inverted flight followed by a dive that returns to horizontal flight) }
{ outside_loop, loop,@ (a loop consisting of a dive followed by inverted flight followed by a climb that returns to horizontal flight) }
{ roll, flight_maneuver,@ (a flight maneuver; aircraft rotates about its longitudinal axis without changing direction or losing altitude) }
{ barrel_roll, roll,@ (a roll in which the plane follows a spiral course) }
{ snap_roll, roll,@ (a fast roll) }
{ [ slip, verb.motion:slip5,+ ] sideslip1, flight_maneuver,@ (a flight maneuver; aircraft slides sideways in the air) }
{ flight_maneuver, airplane_maneuver, maneuver1,@ (a maneuver executed by an aircraft) }
{ straight-arm, maneuver1,@ American_football,;c ((American football) the act of warding off a tackler by holding the arm fully extended with the hand against the opponent) }
{ device, gimmick, twist1, maneuver,@ (any clever maneuver; "he would stoop to any device to win a point"; "it was a great sales gimmick"; "a cheap promotions gimmick for greedy businessmen") }
{ mnemonic, device,@ (a device (such as a rhyme or acronym) used to aid recall) }
{ [ trick5, adj.all:artful^tricksy,+ adj.all:artful^tricky,+ noun.person:trickster1,+ verb.social:trick,+ ] fast_one, device,@ (a cunning or deceitful action or device; "he played a trick on me"; "he pulled a fast one and got away with it") }
{ shtik2, schtik2, shtick2, schtick2, trick5,@ noun.communication:Yiddish,;c ((Yiddish) a devious trick; a bit of cheating; "how did you ever fall for a shtik like that?") }
{ [ feint, verb.creation:feint,+ ] maneuver,@ (any distracting or deceptive maneuver (as a mock attack)) }
{ juke, fake, feint,@ football,;c ((football) a deceptive move made by a football player) }
{ footwork1, maneuver,@ (skillful maneuvering or dealing; "she needs some fancy footwork to cover all those lies") }
{ ploy, gambit1, stratagem, maneuver,@ (a maneuver in a game or conversation) }
{ ruse, artifice, maneuver,@ (a deceptive maneuver (especially to avoid capture)) }
{ means, [ agency, adj.pert:agential,+ ] way1, implementation,@ (thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end; "a means of control"; "an example is the best agency of instruction"; "the true way to success") }
{ dint, means,@ (interchangeable with `means' in the expression `by means of') }
{ [ escape4, verb.motion:escape,+ ] means,@ (a means or way of escaping; "hard work was his escape from worry"; "they installed a second hatch as an escape"; "their escape route") }
{ fast_track, means,@ (a rapid means of achieving a goal; "they saw independence as the fast track to democracy"; "he took a fast track to the top of the corporate ladder"; "the company went off the fast track when the stock market dropped") }
{ [ instrument, adj.all:helpful^instrumental,+ verb.possession:instrument,+ ] tool, means,@ (the means whereby some act is accomplished; "my greed was the instrument of my destruction"; "science has given us new tools to fight disease") }
{ road, means,@ (a way or means to achieve something; "the road to fame") }
{ royal_road, road,@ (an auspicious way or means to achieve something; "the royal road to success") }
{ stepping_stone, means,@ (any means of advancement; "the job was just a stepping stone on his way to fame and riches") }
{ measure1, step2, maneuver,@ (any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal; "the situation called for strong measures"; "the police took steps to reduce crime") }
{ countermeasure, measure1,@ (an action taken to offset another action) }
{ bear_hug1, takeover_attempt,@ (a takeover bid so attractive that the directors of the target company must approve it or risk shareholder protest) }
{ proxy_fight, takeover_attempt,@ (a measure used by an acquirer to gain control of a takeover target; acquirer tries to persuade other shareholders that the management of the target should be replaced) }
{ leveraged_buyout, buyout,@ (a buyout using borrowed money; the target company's assets are usually security for the loan; "a leveraged buyout by upper management can be used to combat hostile takeover bids") }
{ bust-up_takeover, leveraged_buyout,@ (a leveraged buyout in which the target company's assets are sold to repay the loan that financed the takeover) }
{ shark_repellent, porcupine_provision, measure1,@ (a measure undertaken by a corporation to discourage unwanted takeover attempts) }
{ golden_parachute, shark_repellent,@ (giving top executives lucrative benefits that must be paid by the acquirer if they are discharged after a takeover) }
{ greenmail, shark_repellent,@ noun.group:corporation,;c ((corporation) the practice of purchasing enough shares in a firm to threaten a takeover and thereby forcing the owners to buy those shares back at a premium in order to stay in business) }
{ pac-man_strategy, shark_repellent,@ (the target company defends itself by threatening to take over its acquirer) }
{ poison_pill, shark_repellent,@ (the target company defends itself by making its stock less attractive to an acquirer) }
{ suicide_pill, poison_pill,@ (a poison pill with potentially catastrophic implications for the company it is intended to protect) }
{ safe_harbor, shark_repellent,@ (the target company defends itself by acquiring a company so onerously regulated that it makes the target less attractive; "the acquisition gave the company a safe harbor") }
{ scorched-earth_policy, shark_repellent,@ (the target company defends itself by selling off its crown jewels) }
{ diagnostic_procedure, diagnostic_technique, procedure,@ medical_diagnosis,#p (a procedure followed in making a medical diagnosis) }
{ expedient, means,@ (a means to an end; not necessarily a principled or ethical one) }
{ backstop, precaution,@ (a precaution in case of an emergency; "he acted as a backstop in case anything went wrong") }
{ emergency_procedure, procedure,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) a procedure adopted to meet an emergency (especially a medical emergency)) }
{ experimental_procedure, procedure,@ (the specific techniques used in conducting a particular experiment) }
{ double-blind_procedure, double-blind_experiment, double-blind_study, experimental_procedure,@ (an experimental procedure in which neither the subjects of the experiment nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment; "a double-blind procedure is used to guard against both experimenter bias and placebo effects") }
{ [ makeshift, adj.all:impermanent^makeshift,+ ] stopgap, make-do, expedient,@ (something contrived to meet an urgent need or emergency) }
{ crutch, expedient,@ (anything that serves as an expedient; "he uses drugs as a psychological crutch") }
{ [ improvisation, verb.social:improvise,+ verb.creation:improvise,+ ] temporary_expedient, expedient,@ (an unplanned expedient) }
{ pis_aller, last_resort, expedient,@ (an expedient adopted only in desperation; "`pis aller' is French for `worst going'") }
{ desperate_measure, means,@ (desperate actions taken as a means to an end; "he had to resort to desperate measures") }
{ open_sesame, means,@ (any very successful means of achieving a result) }
{ salvation1, means,@ (a means of preserving from harm or unpleasantness; "tourism was their economic salvation"; "they turned to individualism as their salvation") }
{ tooth, means,@ (a means of enforcement; "the treaty had no teeth in it") }
{ [ voice, verb.communication:voice,+ ] means,@ (a means or agency by which something is expressed or communicated; "the voice of the law"; "the Times is not the voice of New York"; "conservatism has many voices") }
{ wings, means,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (a means of flight or ascent; "necessity lends wings to inspiration") }
{ casting_lots, drawing_lots, sortition, decision,@ (making a chance decision by using lots (straws or pebbles etc.) that are thrown or drawn) }
{ [ resolution, verb.cognition:resolve2,+ ] decision,@ (a decision to do something or to behave in a certain manner; "he always wrote down his New Year's resolutions") }
{ [ adoption, verb.possession:adopt2,+ ] [ acceptance, adj.all:receptive^acceptant,+ verb.cognition:accept1,+ ] [ acceptation, verb.possession:accept,+ verb.communication:accept,+ verb.cognition:accept1,+ ] [ espousal, verb.possession:espouse,+ ] approval2,@ (the act of accepting with approval; favorable reception; "its adoption by society"; "the proposal found wide acceptance") }
{ [ embrace1, verb.cognition:embrace,+ ] bosom, adoption,@ (a close affectionate and protective acceptance; "his willing embrace of new ideas"; "in the bosom of the family") }
{ [ election, adj.pert:electoral,+ ] choice,@ (the act of selecting someone or something; the exercise of deliberate choice; "her election of medicine as a profession") }
{ [ co-option, verb.social:co-opt2,+ ] [ co-optation, verb.social:co-opt2,+ ] election,@ (the selection of a new member (usually by a vote of the existing membership)) }
{ [ reelection, verb.social:reelect,+ ] election1,@ (election again; "he did not run for reelection") }
{ plebiscite, vote1,@ (a vote by the electorate determining public opinion on a question of national importance) }
{ referendum, vote1,@ (a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate) }
{ [ election1, adj.pert:electoral,+ verb.social:elect,+ ] vote1,@ (a vote to select the winner of a position or political office; "the results of the election will be announced tonight") }
{ [ vote1, verb.social:vote10,+ verb.social:vote13,+ ] group_action,@ (the opinion of a group as determined by voting; "they put the question to a vote") }
{ general_election, election1,@ (a national or state election; candidates are chosen in all constituencies) }
{ primary, primary_election, election1,@ (a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen) }
{ direct_primary, primary,@ (a primary where voters directly select the candidates who will run for office) }
{ closed_primary, direct_primary,@ (a primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote; "closed primaries strengthen party unity") }
{ open_primary, direct_primary,@ (a primary in which any registered voter can vote (but must vote for candidates of only one party)) }
{ by-election, bye-election, election1,@ (a special election between regular elections) }
{ [ runoff, verb.competition:run_off,+ ] election1,@ (a final election to resolve an earlier election that did not produce a winner) }
{ [ vote, verb.social:vote10,+ verb.social:vote13,+ ] [ ballot, verb.social:ballot,+ ] [ voting, verb.social:vote13,+ verb.social:vote10,+ ] balloting, choice,@ (a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative; "there were only 17 votes in favor of the motion"; "they allowed just one vote per person") }
{ block_vote, vote,@ (a vote proportional in magnitude to the number of people that a delegate represents) }
{ cumulative_vote, election,@ (an election in which each person has as many votes as there are positions to be filled and they can all be cast for one candidate or can be distributed in any manner) }
{ secret_ballot, vote,@ (a vote in which each person's choice is secret but the totaled votes are public) }
{ [ split_ticket, straight_ticket,! ] vote,@ (a ballot cast by a voter who votes for candidates from more than one party) }
{ [ straight_ticket, split_ticket,! ] vote,@ (a ballot cast by a voter who votes for all the candidates of one party) }
{ multiple_voting, vote,@ noun.location:US,;r (the act of voting in more than one place by the same person at the same election (illegal in U.S.)) }
{ casting_vote, vote,@ (the deciding vote cast by the presiding officer to resolve a tie) }

{ [ reconciliation, verb.change:reconcile1,+ verb.change:reconcile,+ ] balancing, equalization,@ (getting two things to correspond; "the reconciliation of his checkbook and the bank statement") }
{ [ equation, verb.cognition:equate,+ ] [ equating, verb.cognition:equate,+ ] equalization,@ (the act of regarding as equal) }

{ breech_delivery, breech_birth, breech_presentation, delivery2,@ (delivery of an infant whose feet or buttocks appear first) }
{ frank_breech, frank_breech_delivery, breech_delivery,@ (position of a fetus in which the buttocks are present at the maternal pelvic outlet) }
{ cesarean_delivery, caesarean_delivery, caesarian_delivery, cesarean_section, cesarian_section, caesarean_section, caesarian_section, C-section, [ cesarean, adj.pert:cesarean,+ ] [ cesarian, adj.pert:cesarian,+ ] [ caesarean, adj.pert:caesarean,+ ] caesarian, abdominal_delivery, delivery2,@ (the delivery of a fetus by surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus (from the belief that Julius Caesar was born that way)) }
{ forceps_delivery, delivery2,@ (delivery in which forceps are inserted through the vagina and used to grasp the head of the fetus and pull it through the birth canal; since the forceps can injure the fetus this procedure has generally given way to cesarean deliveries) }
{ midwifery, delivery2,@ (assisting women at childbirth) }

{ [ score, verb.competition:score,+ ] success,@ (the act of scoring in a game or sport; "the winning score came with less than a minute left to play") }
{ bowling_score, noun.quantity:score,@ (the score in a bowling match) }
{ bull's_eye, score,@ (in target shooting: a score made by hitting the center of the target; "in repeated sets of five shots his numbers of bull's-eyes varied") }
{ goal, score,@ (a successful attempt at scoring; "the winning goal came with less than a minute left to play") }
{ own_goal, goal,@ soccer,;c ((soccer) a goal that results when a player inadvertently knocks the ball into the goal he is defending; "the own goal cost them the game") }
{ strike1, ten-strike, score,@ (a score in tenpins: knocking down all ten with the first ball; "he finished with three strikes in the tenth frame") }
{ spare, score,@ (a score in tenpins; knocking down all ten after rolling two balls) }
{ open_frame, break6, score,@ (any frame in which a bowler fails to make a strike or spare; "the break in the eighth frame cost him the match") }
{ audible, football_play,@ (a football play is changed orally after both teams have assumed their positions at the line of scrimmage) }
{ football_score, noun.quantity:score,@ football,;c (the score in a football game) }
{ touchback, football_play,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a play in which the opposing team has kicked the football into your end zone) }
{ safety1, score,@ American_football,;c (a score in American football; a player is tackled behind his own goal line) }
{ touchdown, score,@ American_football,;c (a score in American football; being in possession of the ball across the opponents' goal line) }
{ field_goal, score,@ American_football,;c (a score in American football; a score made by kicking the ball between the opponents' goal posts) }
{ [ conversion2, verb.competition:convert2,+ ] score,@ (a successful free throw or try for point after a touchdown) }
{ point_after, point_after_touchdown, extra_point, conversion2,@ noun.quantity:point1,@ American_football,;c (in American football a point awarded for a successful place kick following a touchdown) }
{ baseball_score, noun.quantity:score,@ (the score of a baseball game) }
{ [ run1, verb.social:run1,+ ] [ tally1, verb.communication:tally1,+ verb.competition:tally,+ ] score,@ (a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely; "the Yankees scored 3 runs in the bottom of the 9th"; "their first tally came in the 3rd inning") }
{ [ earned_run, unearned_run,! ] run1,@ (a run that was not scored as the result of an error by the other team) }
{ [ unearned_run, earned_run,! ] run1,@ (a run that was scored as a result of an error by the other team) }
{ run_batted_in, rbi, run1,@ (a run that is the result of the batter's performance; "he had more than 100 rbi last season") }
{ basketball_score, noun.quantity:score,@ (the score in a basketball game) }
{ [ basket, noun.person:basketeer,+ ] field_goal1, score,@ (a score in basketball made by throwing the ball through the hoop) }
{ hat_trick, score,@ cricket,;c ice_hockey,;c ((sports) three consecutive scores by one player or three scores in one game (as in cricket or ice hockey etc.)) }

{ [ solution, verb.cognition:solve,+ ] success,@ (the successful action of solving a problem; "the solution took three hours") }

{ Russian_roulette, stunt,@ (a stunt in which you spin the cylinder of a revolver that is loaded with only one bullet and then point the muzzle at your head and pull the trigger) }

{ [ change, verb.change:change2,+ verb.change:change1,+ ] action2,@ (the action of changing something; "the change of government had no impact on the economy"; "his change on abortion cost him the election") }
{ [ filtration, verb.contact:filter1,+ verb.contact:filter,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing a fluid by passing it through a filter) }
{ [ percolation1, verb.contact:percolate3,+ verb.contact:percolate2,+ ] filtration,@ (the filtration of a liquid for extraction or purification) }
{ [ reduction2, verb.change:reduce6,+ ] [ simplification2, verb.change:simplify,+ ] change,@ (the act of reducing complexity) }
{ [ schematization1, verb.change:schematize1,+ ] [ schematisation1, verb.change:schematise1,+ ] reduction2,@ (the act of reducing to a scheme or formula) }

{ [ economy, adj.all:worldly^economic,+ adj.all:efficient^economical,+ verb.possession:economize2,+ verb.possession:economize,+ ] saving, action2,@ (an act of economizing; reduction in cost; "it was a small economy to walk to work every day"; "there was a saving of 50 cents") }
{ [ retrenchment, verb.possession:retrench,+ verb.change:retrench,+ ] curtailment1, downsizing, economy,@ (the reduction of expenditures in order to become financially stable) }
{ economy_of_scale, economy,@ (the saving in cost of production that is due to mass production) }
{ [ accommodation1, adj.pert:accommodational,+ ] adjustment,@ noun.cognition:physiology,;c ((physiology) the automatic adjustment in focal length of the natural lens of the eye) }
{ adaptation1, adjustment,@ noun.cognition:physiology,;c ((physiology) the responsive adjustment of a sense organ (as the eye) to varying conditions (as of light)) }
{ dark_adaptation, adaptation1,@ (the process of adjusting the eyes to low levels of illumination; cones adapt first; rods continue to adapt for up to four hours) }
{ light_adaptation, adaptation1,@ (the process of adjusting the eyes to relatively high levels of illumination; the pupil constricts and the cones system is operative) }
{ take-up, tightening,@ (the action of taking up as by tightening or absorption or reeling in) }
{ [ readjustment, verb.change:readjust,+ ] noun.event:adjustment,@ (the act of adjusting again (to changed circumstances)) }
{ domestication, noun.event:adjustment,@ (accommodation to domestic life; "her explorer husband resisted all her attempts at domestication") }
{ [ decimalization, verb.change:decimalize1,+ verb.change:decimalize,+ ] [ decimalisation, verb.change:decimalise1,+ verb.change:decimalise,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing to a decimal system; "the decimalization of British currency") }
{ metrification, [ metrication, verb.change:metricate,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing from imperial units of measurement to metric units: meters, grams, seconds) }
{ [ habituation, verb.change:habituate,+ ] noun.event:adjustment,@ (a general accommodation to unchanging environmental conditions) }
{ [ variation, verb.stative:vary,+ ] [ variance, adj.all:different^variant,+ verb.stative:vary,+ ] activity,@ (an activity that varies from a norm or standard; "any variation in his routine was immediately reported") }
{ [ variation1, verb.change:vary4,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard; "who is responsible for these variations in taxation?") }
{ [ turning1, verb.change:turn4,+ ] change,@ (act of changing in practice or custom; "the law took many turnings over the years") }
{ [ diversification, verb.change:diversify2,+ verb.change:diversify,+ ] [ variegation, verb.change:variegate,+ ] change,@ (the act of introducing variety (especially in investments or in the variety of goods and services offered); "my broker recommended a greater diversification of my investments"; "he limited his losses by diversification of his product line") }
{ flux, change,@ (in constant change; "his opinions are in flux"; "the newness and flux of the computer industry") }
{ [ switch, verb.change:switch,+ verb.change:switch2,+ verb.change:switch1,+ verb.change:switch3,+ ] [ switching, verb.possession:switch,+ verb.change:switch1,+ ] [ shift1, verb.change:shift3,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing one thing or position for another; "his switch on abortion cost him the election") }
{ switcheroo, switch,@ (a sudden unexpected switch) }
{ [ substitution, verb.possession:substitute,+ ] [ exchange1, verb.social:exchange,+ verb.change:exchange1,+ ] [ commutation2, verb.change:commute4,+ verb.change:commute,+ ] change,@ (the act of putting one thing or person in the place of another: "he sent Smith in for Jones but the substitution came too late to help") }
{ [ novation, verb.change:novate,+ ] replacement,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the replacement of one obligation by another by mutual agreement of both parties; usually the replacement of one of the original parties to a contract with the consent of the remaining party) }
{ pitching_change, replacement,@ (replacing a pitcher in baseball) }
{ [ superannuation, verb.social:superannuate,+ ] dismissal,@ (the act of discharging someone because of age (especially to cause someone to retire from service on a pension)) }
{ [ supersedure, verb.social:supersede,+ ] [ supersession, verb.social:supersede,+ ] replacement,@ (act of replacing one person or thing by another especially one held to be superior) }
{ [ supplanting, verb.social:supplant,+ ] displacement, replacement,@ (act of taking the place of another especially using underhanded tactics) }
{ [ replacement, verb.social:replace,+ verb.possession:replace,+ verb.change:replace,+ ] [ replacing, verb.social:replace,+ verb.change:replace,+ ] substitution,@ (the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another; "replacing the star will not be easy") }
{ [ subrogation, verb.possession:subrogate,+ ] substitution,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the act of substituting of one creditor for another) }
{ [ weaning, verb.consumption:wean,+ ] ablactation, substitution,@ (the act of substituting other food for the mother's milk in the diet of a child or young mammal) }

{ [ promotion, verb.social:promote,+ demotion,!] change,@ (act of raising in rank or position) }
{ [ preferment, verb.social:prefer,+ verb.cognition:prefer,+ ] promotion,@ (the act of preferring; "the preferment went to the younger candidate") }
{ [ demotion, verb.social:demote,+ promotion,!] change,@ (act of lowering in rank or position) }
{ [ investment2, verb.social:invest2,+ ] investiture, promotion,@ (the ceremonial act of clothing someone in the insignia of an office; the formal promotion of a person to an office or rank) }

{ change_of_state, change,@ (the act of changing something into something different in essential characteristics) }
{ [ alteration1, verb.change:alter1,+ verb.creation:alter,+ ] [ modification, verb.change:modify,+ ] [ adjustment, verb.change:adjust3,+ ] change,@ (the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment)) }
{ [ distraction2, verb.emotion:distract,+ ] misdirection1, alteration,@ (the act of distracting; drawing someone's attention away from something; "conjurers are experts at misdirection") }
{ [ aeration, verb.change:aerate1,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of charging a liquid with a gas making it effervescent) }
{ [ modulation, verb.change:modulate1,+ ] revision,@ (the act of modifying or adjusting according to due measure and proportion (as with regard to artistic effect)) }
{ [ qualification, verb.change:qualify2,+ ] revision,@ (the act of modifying or changing the strength of some idea; "his new position involves a qualification of his party's platform") }
{ [ reorganization1, verb.social:reorganize1,+ verb.social:reorganize,+ ] revision,@ (an extensive alteration of the structure of a corporation or government; "after the takeover there was a thorough reorganization"; "the reorganization was prescribed by federal bankruptcy laws") }
{ [ passage4, verb.motion:pass2,+ ] [ transition, verb.motion:transit,+ verb.change:transition,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of passing from one state or place to the next) }
{ fossilization, [ fossilisation, verb.change:fossilise2,+ ] passage4,@ (becoming inflexible or out of date) }
{ segue, passage4,@ (the act of changing smoothly from one state or situation to another) }
{ [ meddling, verb.social:meddle,+ ] [ tampering, verb.social:tamper,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of altering something secretly or improperly) }
{ [ transfer3, verb.contact:transfer,+ verb.possession:transfer1,+ ] transference1, change_of_state,@ (the act of transfering something from one form to another; "the transfer of the music from record to tape suppressed much of the background noise") }

{ [ prohibition, verb.communication:prohibit,+ ] [ inhibition1, verb.change:inhibit1,+ ] [ forbiddance, verb.communication:forbid,+ ] action2,@ (the action of prohibiting or inhibiting or forbidding (or an instance thereof); "they were restrained by a prohibition in their charter"; "a medical inhibition of alcoholic beverages"; "he ignored his parents' forbiddance") }
{ resistance2, [ opposition1, verb.communication:oppose1,+ ] action2,@ (the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with; "he encountered a general feeling of resistance from many citizens"; "despite opposition from the newspapers he went ahead") }
{ [ lockout, verb.social:lock_out,+ ] resistance2,@ (a management action resisting employee's demands; employees are barred from entering the workplace until they agree to terms) }
{ reaction1, resistance2,@ (doing something in opposition to another way of doing it that you don't like; "his style of painting was a reaction against cubism") }
{ [ backlash, verb.social:backlash,+ ] reaction1,@ (an adverse reaction to some political or social occurrence; "there was a backlash of intolerance") }
{ whitelash, white_backlash, backlash,@ (backlash by white racists against black civil rights advances) }
{ [ rejection, verb.possession:reject,+ verb.communication:reject,+ verb.cognition:reject,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of rejecting something; "his proposals were met with rejection") }
{ [ brush-off, verb.communication:brush_off1,+ ] rejection,@ (a curt or disdainful rejection) }
{ [ avoidance, verb.communication:avoid,+ ] turning_away, [ shunning, verb.communication:shun,+ ] [ dodging1, verb.communication:dodge,+ ] rejection,@ (deliberately avoiding; keeping away from or preventing from happening) }
{ [ aversion, verb.motion:avert,+ ] averting1, avoidance,@ (the act of turning yourself (or your gaze) away; "averting her gaze meant that she was angry") }
{ [ escape3, verb.communication:escape,+ ] avoidance,@ (an avoidance of danger or difficulty; "that was a narrow escape") }
{ near_thing, avoidance,@ (something that barely avoids failure or disaster) }
{ [ abandonment3, verb.possession:abandon1,+ verb.cognition:abandon1,+ ] forsaking, [ desertion1, verb.social:desert,+ ] rejection,@ (the act of giving something up) }
{ [ exposure1, verb.cognition:expose3,+ ] abandonment3,@ (abandoning without shelter or protection (as by leaving an infant out in the open)) }
{ apostasy, [ tergiversation1, verb.communication:tergiversate,+ ] abandonment3,@ (the act of abandoning a party for cause) }
{ [ bolt, verb.motion:bolt2,+ ] abandonment3,@ noun.cognition:politics,;c (a sudden abandonment (as from a political party)) }
{ [ renunciation, verb.social:renounce1,+ ] forgoing, [ forswearing, verb.communication:forswear,+ ] rejection,@ (the act of renouncing; sacrificing or giving up or surrendering (a possession or right or title or privilege etc.)) }
{ nonacceptance, [ turndown, verb.possession:turn_down,+ verb.social:turn_down,+ verb.communication:turn_down,+ ] rejection,@ (the act of refusing an offer; "the turndown was polite but very firm") }
{ [ forsaking1, verb.cognition:forsake,+ ] giving_up, renunciation,@ (the act of forsaking) }
{ [ abnegation, verb.possession:abnegate,+ ] self-abnegation, [ denial1, verb.possession:deny4,+ ] self-denial1, self-renunciation, selflessness,@ renunciation,@ (renunciation of your own interests in favor of the interests of others) }
{ [ forfeit, verb.possession:forfeit,+ ] [ forfeiture, verb.possession:forfeit,+ ] [ sacrifice1, verb.possession:sacrifice,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.) }
{ [ boycott, verb.social:boycott,+ ] protest,@ (a group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies) }
{ [ banishment, verb.social:banish,+ ] [ proscription, verb.communication:proscribe,+ ] rejection,@ (rejection by means of an act of banishing or proscribing someone) }
{ [ anathematization, verb.communication:anathematize,+ ] [ anathematisation, verb.communication:anathematise,+ ] banishment,@ (the formal act of pronouncing (someone or something) accursed) }
{ [ disbarment, verb.social:disbar,+ ] banishment,@ noun.group:law,;c (the act of expelling a lawyer from the practice of law) }
{ [ ejection, verb.contact:eject1,+ ] [ exclusion1, verb.contact:exclude,+ ] [ expulsion1, verb.social:expel1,+ verb.social:expel,+ ] riddance, banishment,@ (the act of forcing out someone or something; "the ejection of troublemakers by the police"; "the child's expulsion from school") }
{ [ deportation1, verb.social:deport,+ ] ejection,@ (the expulsion from a country of an undesirable alien) }
{ [ ostracism, verb.social:ostracize1,+ verb.social:ostracize,+ verb.social:ostracise1,+ verb.social:ostracise,+ ] ejection,@ (the act of excluding someone from society by general consent) }
{ barring, [ blackball, verb.social:blackball,+ ] ejection,@ (the act of excluding someone by a negative vote or veto) }
{ [ exile, verb.social:exile,+ ] [ deportation, verb.social:deport,+ ] [ expatriation, verb.social:expatriate,+ ] transportation2, banishment,@ (the act of expelling a person from their native land; "men in exile dream of hope"; "his deportation to a penal colony"; "the expatriation of wealthy farmers"; "the sentence was one of transportation for life") }
{ Babylonian_Captivity, exile,@i (the deportation of the Jews to Babylonia by Nebuchadnezzar in 586 BC) }
{ [ excommunication, verb.communication:excommunicate,+ ] excision2, banishment,@ (the act of banishing a member of a church from the communion of believers and the privileges of the church; cutting a person off from a religious society) }
{ [ relegation1, verb.social:relegate1,+ ] banishment,@ (mild banishment; consignment to an inferior position; "he has been relegated to a post in Siberia") }
{ [ rustication1, verb.social:rusticate,+ ] banishment,@ (banishment into the country) }
{ ouster, [ ousting, verb.social:oust,+ ] ejection,@ (the act of ejecting someone or forcing them out) }
{ [ deposition, verb.social:depose,+ ] [ dethronement, verb.social:dethrone,+ ] ouster,@ (the act of deposing someone; removing a powerful person from a position or office) }
{ [ suspension1, verb.social:suspend,+ ] temporary_removal, debarment,@ (a temporary debarment (from a privilege or position etc)) }
{ [ rustication3, verb.social:rusticate1,+ ] suspension1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (temporary dismissal of a student from a university) }
{ displacement1, rejection,@ (act of removing from office or employment) }
{ [ veto, verb.communication:veto,+ verb.social:veto,+ ] vote,@ (a vote that blocks a decision) }
{ pocket_veto, veto,@ (indirect veto of legislation by refusing to sign it) }
{ [ write-in, verb.social:write_in,+ ] vote,@ (a vote cast by writing in the name of a candidate who is not listed on the ballot) }

{ [ termination, verb.change:terminate1,+ ] [ ending, verb.change:end1,+ ] [ conclusion, verb.cognition:conclude1,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of ending something; "the termination of the agreement") }
{ [ finish, verb.stative:finish,+ verb.change:finish2,+ start,! ] [ finishing, verb.change:finish2,+ ] completion,@ (the act of finishing; "his best finish in a major tournament was third"; "the speaker's finishing was greeted with applause") }
{ finale, [ close, verb.stative:close,+ ] closing_curtain, finis, finish,@ (the concluding part of any performance) }
{ release6, tone_ending, termination,@ noun.communication:music,;c ((music) the act or manner of terminating a musical phrase or tone) }
{ [ completion, verb.change:complete2,+ ] [ culmination, verb.change:culminate,+ ] [ closing2, verb.stative:close,+ verb.social:close1,+ ] [ windup, verb.change:wind_up2,+ ] [ mop_up, verb.change:mop_up,+ ] termination,@ (a concluding action) }
{ [ finalization, verb.change:finalize,+ ] [ finalisation, verb.change:finalise,+ ] completion,@ (the act of finalizing) }
{ [ follow-through, verb.change:follow_through,+ ] completion,@ (carrying some project or intention to full completion; "I appreciated his follow-through on his promise") }
{ [ follow-through1, verb.contact:follow_through,+ ] completion,@ stroke,#p (the act of carrying a stroke to its natural completion; "his follow-through was straight down the line toward the target"; "squash can be dangerous if your opponent has a long follow-through") }
{ [ graduation1, verb.possession:graduate1,+ verb.possession:graduate,+ ] completion,@ (the successful completion of a program of study) }
{ [ retirement, verb.social:retire2,+ verb.social:retire1,+ ] termination,@ (withdrawal from your position or occupation) }
{ hibernation, retirement,@ (the act of retiring into inactivity; "he emerged from his hibernation to make his first appearance in several years") }
{ [ rustication, verb.stative:rusticate,+ ] retirement,@ (the action of retiring to and living in the country) }
{ swan_song, last_hurrah, performance1,@ (a final performance or effort (especially before retirement)) }
{ [ relinquishment, verb.possession:relinquish,+ verb.contact:relinquish2,+ ] [ relinquishing, verb.possession:relinquish1,+ ] termination,@ (the act of giving up and abandoning a struggle or task etc.) }
{ [ cession, verb.possession:cede1,+ verb.possession:cede,+ ] ceding, relinquishment,@ (the act of ceding) }
{ [ handover, verb.possession:hand_over,+ ] relinquishment,@ (act of relinquishing property or authority etc; "the handover of occupied territory") }
{ [ surrender1, verb.possession:surrender,+ ] delivery1,@ (the delivery of a principal into lawful custody) }
{ [ extradition, verb.social:extradite,+ ] surrender1,@ (the surrender of an accused or convicted person by one state or country to another (usually under the provisions of a statute or treaty)) }
{ [ release5, verb.possession:release,+ ] [ waiver, verb.social:waive,+ verb.possession:waive,+ ] [ discharge2, verb.competition:discharge,+ ] relinquishment,@ (a formal written statement of relinquishment) }
{ exemption, [ immunity, adj.all:exempt^immune,+ ] granting_immunity, release5,@ (an act exempting someone; "he was granted immunity from prosecution") }
{ fix1, exemption,@ (an exemption granted after influence (e.g., money) is brought to bear; "collusion resulted in tax fixes for gamblers") }
{ official_immunity, exemption,@ (personal immunity accorded to a public official from liability to anyone injured by actions that are the consequence of exerting official authority) }
{ sovereign_immunity, exemption,@ (an exemption that precludes bringing a suit against the sovereign government without the government's consent; "the doctrine of sovereign immunity originated with the maxim that the king can do no wrong") }
{ transactional_immunity, use_immunity,@ (a broader form of use immunity that also protects the witness from any prosecution brought about relating to transactions to which they gave testimony) }
{ use_immunity, testimonial_immunity, exemption,@ (an exemption that displaces the privilege against self-incrimination; neither compelled testimony or any fruits of it can be used against the witness who therefore can no longer fear self-incrimination) }
{ [ dissolution, verb.change:dissolve8,+ ] [ breakup, verb.social:break_up,+ ] termination,@ (the termination or disintegration of a relationship (between persons or nations)) }
{ splitsville, dissolution,@ (separation or breakup or divorce; "after 15 years together they are headed for splitsville") }
{ [ overthrow1, verb.social:overthrow,+ ] termination,@ (the termination of a ruler or institution (especially by force)) }
{ [ subversion1, verb.contact:subvert,+ verb.social:subvert,+ ] subversive_activity, overthrow1,@ (the act of subverting; as overthrowing or destroying a legally constituted government) }
{ [ adjournment, verb.change:adjourn,+ ] [ dissolution1, verb.change:dissolve8,+ ] termination,@ (the termination of a meeting) }
{ [ dismissal, verb.social:dismiss,+ ] [ dismission, verb.social:dismiss,+ ] [ discharge1, verb.social:discharge1,+ ] [ firing1, verb.social:fire,+ ] liberation1, release2, [ sack, verb.social:sack,+ ] [ sacking, verb.social:sack,+ ] termination,@ (the termination of someone's employment (leaving them free to depart)) }
{ [ conge1, verb.communication:conge,+ ] congee1, dismissal,@ (an abrupt and unceremonious dismissal) }
{ [ removal2, verb.social:remove,+ ] dismissal,@ (dismissal from office) }
{ [ purge2, verb.social:purge,+ ] removal2,@ (an abrupt or sudden removal of a person or group from an organization or place; "he died in a purge by Stalin") }
{ [ destruction, verb.creation:destroy,+ verb.contact:destroy,+ ] [ devastation, verb.change:devastate,+ ] termination,@ (the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists) }
{ disaster, destruction,@ (an act that has disastrous consequences) }
{ [ kill1, verb.change:kill3,+ ] destruction,@ (the destruction of an enemy plane or ship or tank or missile; "the pilot reported two kills during the mission") }
{ laying_waste, [ ruin, verb.contact:ruin1,+ verb.contact:ruin,+ ] [ ruining, verb.contact:ruin1,+ verb.contact:ruin,+ ] [ ruination, verb.contact:ruin,+ ] [ wrecking, verb.contact:wreck,+ ] destruction,@ (destruction achieved by causing something to be wrecked or ruined) }
{ [ razing, verb.creation:raze,+ ] leveling1, tearing_down, [ demolishing, verb.creation:demolish,+ ] destruction,@ (complete destruction of a building) }
{ [ annihilation, verb.change:annihilate,+ ] [ obliteration, verb.change:obliterate3,+ verb.change:obliterate,+ ] destruction,@ (destruction by annihilating something) }
{ [ decimation, verb.change:decimate,+ ] destruction,@ (destroying or killing a large part of the population (literally every tenth person as chosen by lot)) }
{ [ atomization1, verb.competition:atomize,+ ] [ atomisation1, verb.competition:atomise,+ ] annihilation,@ (annihilation by reducing something to atoms) }
{ [ pulverization1, verb.creation:pulverize,+ ] [ pulverisation1, verb.creation:pulverise,+ ] annihilation,@ (annihilation by pulverizing something) }
{ vaporization, vaporisation, annihilation,@ (annihilation by vaporizing something) }
{ [ killing, verb.contact:kill,+ ] [ kill, verb.contact:kill2,+ verb.stative:kill,+ verb.contact:kill1,+ verb.contact:kill,+ ] putting_to_death, termination,@ (the act of terminating a life) }
{ deathblow, coup_de_grace, killing,@ (the blow that kills (usually mercifully)) }
{ [ death, adj.all:fatal^deathly,+ verb.change:die,+ verb.perception:die,+ ] killing,@ (the act of killing; "he had two deaths on his conscience") }
{ drive-by_killing, shooting1,@ (homicide committed by shooting from a moving automobile) }
{ euthanasia, mercy_killing, killing,@ (the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)) }
{ [ homicide, adj.all:bloody^homicidal,+ ] killing,@ (the killing of a human being by another human being) }
{ honor_killing, homicide,@ (an ancient tradition still sometimes observed; a male member of the family kills a female relative for tarnishing the family image) }
{ manslaughter, homicide,@ (homicide without malice aforethought) }
{ [ murder, adj.all:bloody^murderous,+ verb.social:murder,+ ] [ slaying, verb.social:slay,+ ] [ execution1, verb.social:execute1,+ ] homicide,@ (unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being) }
{ [ assassination, verb.social:assassinate,+ ] murder,@ (murder of a public figure by surprise attack) }
{ bloodshed1, [ gore, verb.contact:gore2,+ ] murder,@ (the shedding of blood resulting in murder; "he avenged the bloodshed of his kinsmen") }
{ chance-medley, manslaughter,@ noun.group:law,;c (an unpremeditated killing of a human being in self defense) }
{ contract_killing, murder,@ (a murder carried out on agreement with a hired killer) }
{ parricide, murder,@ (the murder of your own father or mother) }
{ mariticide, murder,@ (the murder of a husband by his wife) }
{ matricide, parricide,@ (the murder of your mother) }
{ patricide, parricide,@ (the murder of your father) }
{ fratricide, murder,@ (the murder of your sibling) }
{ uxoricide, murder,@ (the murder of a wife by her husband) }
{ filicide, murder,@ (the murder of your own son or daughter) }
{ [ dispatch1, verb.social:dispatch1,+ verb.contact:dispatch,+ ] despatch1, killing,@ (killing a person or animal) }
{ [ fell, verb.contact:fell,+ ] killing,@ (the act of felling something (as a tree)) }
{ [ suicide, adj.all:dangerous^suicidal,+ ] [ self-destruction, verb.creation:self-destroy,+ verb.creation:self-destruct,+ ] self-annihilation, killing,@ (the act of killing yourself; "it is a crime to commit suicide") }
{ [ self-destruction1, verb.creation:self-destroy,+ verb.creation:self-destruct,+ ] destruction,@ (the act of destroying yourself; "his insistence was pure self-destruction") }
{ assisted_suicide, suicide,@ (suicide of a terminally ill person that involves an assistant who serves to make dying as painless and dignified as possible) }
{ physician-assisted_suicide, assisted_suicide,@ (assisted suicide where the assistant is a physician) }
{ felo-de-se, suicide,@ (an act of deliberate self destruction) }
{ harakiri, hara-kiri, harikari, seppuku, suicide,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (ritual suicide by self-disembowelment on a sword; practiced by samurai in the traditional Japanese society) }
{ suttee, suicide,@ (the act of a Hindu widow willingly cremating herself on the funeral pyre of her dead husband) }
{ [ elimination1, verb.change:eliminate1,+ ] [ liquidation2, verb.contact:liquidate,+ ] murder,@ (the murder of a competitor) }
{ [ slaughter, verb.contact:slaughter,+ ] killing,@ butchery,#p (the killing of animals (as for food)) }
{ [ slaughter1, adj.all:bloody^slaughterous,+ verb.change:slaughter,+ ] [ massacre, verb.change:massacre,+ ] mass_murder, carnage, [ butchery2, verb.contact:butcher,+ ] murder,@ (the savage and excessive killing of many people) }
{ bloodbath, bloodletting1, bloodshed, battue1, slaughter1,@ (indiscriminate slaughter; "a bloodbath took place when the leaders of the plot surrendered"; "ten days after the bloodletting Hitler gave the action its name"; "the valley is no stranger to bloodshed and murder"; "a huge prison battue was ordered") }
{ [ lynching, verb.social:lynch,+ ] murder,@ (putting a person to death by mob action without due process of law) }
{ [ poisoning, verb.contact:poison,+ verb.change:poison,+ verb.body:poison,+ ] killing,@ (the act of giving poison to a person or animal with the intent to kill) }
{ [ gassing, verb.competition:gas,+ ] poisoning,@ (the deliberate act of poisoning some person or animal with gas) }
{ regicide, murder,@ (the act of killing a king) }
{ [ shooting1, verb.social:shoot,+ ] homicide,@ (killing someone by gunfire; "when the shooting stopped there were three dead bodies")}
{ drive-by_shooting, shooting1,@ (shooting someone from a car as it is driven past the victim) }
{ wing_shooting, shooting1,@ (shooting game birds that are flying (on the wing)) }
{ [ suffocation, verb.contact:suffocate,+ verb.change:suffocate2,+ ] [ asphyxiation, verb.change:asphyxiate,+ verb.contact:asphyxiate,+ ] killing,@ (killing by depriving of oxygen) }
{ [ choking, verb.contact:choke2,+ verb.body:choke4,+ ] [ strangling, verb.contact:strangle,+ ] [ strangulation1, verb.contact:strangulate,+ verb.contact:strangle,+ ] [ throttling, verb.contact:throttle,+ ] suffocation,@ (the act of suffocating (someone) by constricting the windpipe; "no evidence that the choking was done by the accused") }
{ spasm, constriction,@ noun.cognition:pathology,;c ((pathology) sudden constriction of a hollow organ (as a blood vessel)) }
{ squeeze3, constriction,@ (the act of forcing yourself (or being forced) into or through a restricted space; "getting through that small opening was a tight squeeze") }
{ bronchospasm, spasm,@ noun.state:asthma,#p noun.state:bronchitis,#p (a spasm of the bronchi that makes exhalation difficult and noisy; associated with asthma and bronchitis) }
{ cardiospasm, spasm,@ (a spasm of the cardiac sphincter (between the esophagus and the stomach); if the cardiac sphincter does not relax during swallowing the passage of food into the stomach is obstructed) }
{ [ heave3, verb.body:heave,+ ] [ retch, verb.body:retch,+ verb.body:retch1,+ ] spasm,@ (an involuntary spasm of ineffectual vomiting; "a bad case of the heaves") }
{ laryngismus, spasm,@ (laryngeal spasm caused by the sudden contraction of laryngeal muscles) }
{ [ strangulation2, verb.contact:strangulate1,+ ] constriction,@ noun.cognition:pathology,;c ((pathology) constriction of a body part so as to cut off the flow of blood or other fluid; "strangulation of the intestine") }
{ [ carjacking, verb.contact:carjack,+ ] hijack,@ (the violent theft of an occupied car) }
{ [ sacrifice, adj.pert:sacrificial,+ verb.possession:sacrifice1,+ verb.contact:sacrifice,+ ] ritual_killing, killing,@ noun.Tops:animal,;c (the act of killing (an animal or person) in order to propitiate a deity) }
{ hecatomb, sacrifice,@ (a great sacrifice; an ancient Greek or Roman sacrifice of 100 oxen) }
{ [ immolation, verb.possession:immolate,+ ] sacrifice,@ (killing or offering as a sacrifice) }
{ [ electrocution, verb.social:electrocute1,+ ] killing,@ (killing by electric shock) }
{ decapitation, beheading, killing,@ (killing by cutting off the head) }
{ [ abolition, adj.pert:abolitionary,+ verb.social:abolish,+ ] [ abolishment, verb.social:abolish,+ ] termination,@ (the act of abolishing a system or practice or institution (especially abolishing slavery); "the abolition of capital punishment") }
{ [ liquidation, verb.possession:liquidate,+ ] [ settlement, verb.possession:settle,+ verb.communication:settle4,+ ] termination,@ (termination of a business operation by using its assets to discharge its liabilities) }
{ viatical_settlement, viaticus_settlement, liquidation,@ (sale of an insurance policy by a terminally ill policy holder) }
{ withdrawal2, drug_withdrawal, termination,@ (the termination of drug taking) }
{ cold_turkey, withdrawal2,@ (complete and abrupt withdrawal of all addictive drugs or anything else on which you have become dependent; "he quit smoking cold turkey"; "she quit her job cold turkey") }
{ [ closure, verb.social:close1,+ verb.perception:close10,+ verb.social:close,+ ] [ closedown, verb.social:close_down,+ ] [ closing, verb.social:close,+ ] [ shutdown, verb.social:shut_down,+ ] termination,@ (termination of operations; "they regretted the closure of the day care center") }
{ plant_closing, closing,@ (act of shutting down operation of a plant) }
{ bank_closing, closing,@ (act of closing down a bank because of a fiscal emergency or failure) }
{ [ layoff, verb.social:lay_off,+ ] closure,@ (the act of laying off an employee or a work force) }
{ [ extinction1, verb.weather:extinguish,+ verb.change:extinguish,+ ] [ extinguishing, verb.weather:extinguish,+ ] [ quenching, verb.weather:quench,+ ] termination,@ (the act of extinguishing; causing to stop burning; "the extinction of the lights") }
{ [ fade, verb.change:fade2,+ ] [ disappearance1, verb.change:disappear2,+ verb.perception:disappear,+ ] termination,@ (gradually ceasing to be visible) }
{ [ abortion, noun.person:abortionist,+ verb.body:abort,+ ] termination,@ (termination of pregnancy) }
{ spontaneous_abortion, [ miscarriage, verb.body:miscarry,+ ] [ stillbirth, noun.event:live_birth,! ] abortion,@ (a natural loss of the products of conception) }
{ habitual_abortion, spontaneous_abortion,@ (repeated spontaneous abortion (often for no known reason)) }
{ imminent_abortion, threatened_abortion, spontaneous_abortion,@ (the appearance of symptoms that signal the impending loss of the products of conception) }
{ incomplete_abortion, partial_abortion, spontaneous_abortion,@ (termination of pregnancy without expulsion of all of the products of conception) }
{ induced_abortion, abortion,@ (a deliberate termination of pregnancy) }
{ aborticide, feticide, induced_abortion,@ (the act of destroying a fetus) }
{ therapeutic_abortion, induced_abortion,@ (a legally induced abortion for medical reasons (as when the mother's life is threatened)) }
{ [ nullification, verb.social:nullify,+ verb.change:nullify,+ ] [ override, verb.social:override,+ verb.stative:override3,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of nullifying; making null and void; counteracting or overriding the effect or force of something) }
{ [ abrogation, verb.social:abrogate,+ ] [ repeal, verb.communication:repeal,+ ] [ annulment1, verb.communication:annul,+ ] cancellation,@ (the act of abrogating; an official or legal cancellation) }
{ derogation, abrogation,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the partial taking away of the effectiveness of a law; a partial repeal or abolition of a law; "any derogation of the common law is to be strictly construed") }
{ [ cancellation, verb.social:cancel3,+ verb.social:cancel,+ ] nullification,@ (the act of cancelling; calling off some arrangement) }
{ [ write-off, verb.social:write_off,+ verb.change:write_off,+ ] cancellation,@ (the act of cancelling from an account a bad debt or a worthless asset) }
{ attainder, civil_death, cancellation,@ (cancellation of civil rights) }
{ [ recission, verb.communication:rescind,+ ] [ rescission, verb.communication:rescind,+ ] cancellation,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the act of rescinding; the cancellation of a contract and the return of the parties to the positions they would have had if the contract had not been made; "recission may be brought about by decree or by mutual consent") }
{ [ vitiation, verb.change:vitiate,+ ] nullification,@ (nullification by the destruction of the legal force; rendering null; "the vitiation of the contract") }
{ [ neutralization, verb.social:neutralize2,+ verb.change:neutralize1,+ ] [ neutralisation, verb.change:neutralise1,+ ] [ counteraction, verb.social:counteract3,+ ] nullification,@ (action intended to nullify the effects of some previous action) }
{ [ deactivation, verb.change:deactivate,+ activation1,!] [ defusing, verb.competition:defuse,+ ] termination,@ (the act of deactivating or making ineffective (as a bomb)) }
{ [ deactivation1, verb.change:deactivate1,+ ] [ inactivation, verb.competition:inactivate,+ ] dismissal,@ noun.group:military,;c (breaking up a military unit (by transfers or discharges)) }
{ honorable_discharge, dismissal,@ (a discharge from the armed forces with a commendable record) }
{ dishonorable_discharge, dismissal,@ (a discharge from the armed forces for a grave offense (as sabotage or espionage or cowardice or murder)) }
{ Section_Eight, dismissal,@ (a discharge from the US Army based on unfitness or character traits deemed undesirable) }
{ [ neutralization1, verb.social:neutralize,+ verb.competition:neutralize,+ ] [ neutralisation1, verb.competition:neutralise,+ ] nullification,@ (action intended to keep a country politically neutral or exclude it from a possible war; "the neutralization of Belgium") }
{ neutralization2, neutralisation2, destruction,@ noun.communication:euphemism,;u ((euphemism) the removal of a threat by killing or destroying it (especially in a covert operation or military operation)) }

{ [ reversal, verb.change:reverse,+ ] change_of_state,@ (a change from one state to the opposite state; "there was a reversal of autonomic function") }
{ [ undoing, verb.contact:undo,+ ] about-face1,@ (an act that makes a previous act of no effect (as if not done)) }
{ [ regression, verb.change:regress1,+ ] [ regress, verb.change:regress1,+ ] [ reversion2, verb.change:revert,+ ] [ retrogression, verb.change:retrogress,+ ] [ retroversion, verb.change:retrovert,+ ] reversal,@ (returning to a former state) }

{ [ beginning, verb.change:begin,+ ] [ start, verb.social:start4,+ verb.stative:start3,+ verb.social:start,+ verb.creation:start1,+ verb.creation:start,+ verb.stative:start,+ verb.change:start1,+ verb.change:start,+ verb.competition:start,+ finish,! ] [ commencement, verb.creation:commence,+ verb.change:commence1,+ verb.change:commence,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of starting something; "he was responsible for the beginning of negotiations") }
{ springboard, jumping-off_point, point_of_departure, beginning,@ (a beginning from which an enterprise is launched; "he uses other people's ideas as a springboard for his own"; "reality provides the jumping-off point for his illusions"; "the point of departure of international comparison cannot be an institution but must be the function it carries out") }
{ [ accession3, verb.motion:access,+ verb.social:accede,+ ] rise_to_power, attainment,@ (the act of attaining or gaining access to a new office or right or position (especially the throne); "Elizabeth's accession in 1558") }
{ [ activation1, verb.change:activate,+ deactivation,!] beginning,@ (making active and effective (as a bomb)) }
{ attack1, tone-beginning, beginning,@ (a decisive manner of beginning a musical tone or phrase) }
{ [ constitution, verb.creation:constitute,+ ] [ establishment, verb.social:establish,+ verb.creation:establish,+ ] [ formation1, verb.social:form,+ verb.creation:form,+ ] [ organization2, verb.social:organize2,+ verb.social:organize1,+ verb.social:organize,+ verb.creation:organize,+ verb.change:organize,+ ] [ organisation2, verb.social:organise2,+ verb.social:organise1,+ verb.creation:organise,+ ] beginning,@ (the act of forming or establishing something; "the constitution of a PTA group last year"; "it was the establishment of his reputation"; "he still remembers the organization of the club") }
{ re-establishment, restoration,@ (restoration to a previous state; "regular exercise resulted in the re-establishment of his endurance") }
{ [ Creation2, verb.creation:create2,+ ] beginning,@i noun.cognition:theology1,;c ((theology) God's act of bringing the universe into existence) }
{ introduction1, [ debut, verb.creation:debut,+ ] first_appearance, launching1, unveiling, entry1, beginning,@ (the act of beginning something new; "they looked forward to the debut of their new product line") }
{ induction_of_labor, induction,@ noun.cognition:obstetrics,;c ((obstetrics) inducing the childbirth process artificially by administering oxytocin or by puncturing the amniotic sac) }
{ [ induction, verb.creation:induce1,+ verb.creation:induce,+ verb.communication:induct,+ ] introduction1,@ (the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time); "the induction of an anesthetic state") }
{ hypnogenesis, induction,@ (the induction of sleep or hypnosis) }
{ product_introduction, introduction1,@ (the introduction (usually by an advertising campaign) of a new product or product line) }
{ [ face-off, verb.competition:face_off,+ ] beginning,@ ice_hockey,#p ice_hockey,;c ((ice hockey) the method of starting play; a referee drops the puck between two opposing players) }
{ first_step, initiative, opening_move, [ opening3, adj.all:opening,+ verb.social:open1,+ verb.social:open,+ verb.competition:open,+ ] beginning,@ (the first of a series of actions) }
{ groundbreaking, groundbreaking_ceremony, ceremony,@ beginning,@ (the ceremonial breaking of the ground to formally begin a construction project) }
{ housing_start, beginning,@ (the act of starting to construct a house) }
{ icebreaker, beginning,@ (a beginning that relaxes a tense or formal atmosphere; "he told jokes as an icebreaker") }
{ [ inauguration1, verb.social:inaugurate1,+ verb.social:inaugurate,+ ] [ startup, verb.creation:start_up,+ ] beginning,@ (the act of starting a new operation or practice; "he opposed the inauguration of fluoridation"; "the startup of the new factory was delayed by strikes") }
{ [ initiation1, verb.creation:initiate1,+ verb.creation:initiate,+ ] [ founding, verb.social:found,+ verb.creation:found,+ ] [ foundation, verb.creation:found,+ ] [ institution, verb.creation:institute1,+ verb.possession:institutionalise,+ ] [ origination, verb.stative:originate,+ verb.creation:originate,+ ] [ creation1, verb.creation:create2,+ ] [ innovation, adj.all:original^innovational,+ verb.creation:innovate,+ ] introduction2, instauration, beginning,@ (the act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new; "she looked forward to her initiation as an adult"; "the foundation of a new scientific society") }
{ [ authorship1, noun.person:author1,+ ] paternity, initiation1,@ (the act of initiating a new idea or theory or writing; "the authorship of the theory is disputed") }
{ [ installation, verb.social:install,+ verb.contact:install,+ ] [ installing, verb.contact:install,+ verb.contact:instal,+ ] [ installment, verb.contact:install,+ ] [ instalment, verb.contact:instal,+ ] beginning,@ (the act of installing something (as equipment); "the telephone installation took only a few minutes") }
{ jump_ball, beginning,@ basketball,;c ((basketball) the way play begins or resumes when possession is disputed; an official tosses the ball up between two players who jump in an effort to tap it to a teammate) }
{ kickoff, place_kick,@ beginning,@ football,;c ((football) a kick from the center of the field to start a football game or to resume it after a score) }
{ [ start2, verb.competition:start,+ ] [ starting, verb.competition:start,+ ] turn6,@ (a turn to be a starter (in a game at the beginning); "he got his start because one of the regular pitchers was in the hospital"; "his starting meant that the coach thought he was one of their best linemen")}
{ [ resumption, verb.change:resume,+ ] [ recommencement, verb.change:recommence1,+ verb.change:recommence,+ ] beginning,@ (beginning again) }
{ scrum, scrummage, beginning,@ rugby,;c ((rugby) the method of beginning play in which the forwards of each team crouch side by side with locked arms; play starts when the ball is thrown in between them and the two sides compete for possession) }
{ [ startup1, verb.motion:start_up,+ ] beginning,@ (the act of setting in operation; "repeated shutdowns and startups are expensive") }
{ [ unionization, verb.social:unionize1,+ verb.social:unionize,+ ] [ unionisation, verb.social:unionise1,+ verb.social:unionise,+ ] constitution,@ (act of forming labor unions; "the issue underlying the strike was unionization") }
{ [ arousal, verb.emotion:arouse,+ ] [ rousing, verb.emotion:rouse4,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of arousing; "the purpose of art is the arousal of emotions") }
{ reveille, awakening,@ (a signal to get up in the morning; in the military it is a bugle call at sunrise) }
{ ushering_in, introduction1,@ (the introduction of something new; "it signalled the ushering in of a new era") }
{ [ inauguration, verb.social:inaugurate,+ ] inaugural, noun.event:initiation,@ (the ceremonial induction into a position; "the new president obviously enjoyed his inauguration") }
{ curtain_raiser, first_step,@ (any preliminary activity) }
{ first_base, first_step,@ (the initial stage in accomplishing something; "we didn't get to first base with that approach") }
{ peace_initiative, first_step,@ (opening move in negotiating a peace treaty) }

{ [ cooking, verb.creation:cook1,+ verb.creation:cook,+ verb.change:cook,+ ] [ cookery, verb.creation:cook1,+ verb.creation:cook,+ verb.change:cook,+ ] [ preparation3, verb.creation:prepare1,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat; "cooking can be a great art"; "people are needed who have experience in cookery"; "he left the preparation of meals to his wife") }
{ [ baking, verb.change:bake,+ ] cooking,@ (cooking by dry heat in an oven) }
{ [ shirring, verb.change:shirr,+ ] baking,@ (baking shelled eggs) }
{ [ toasting, verb.change:toast,+ ] browning, cooking,@ (cooking to a brown crispiness over a fire or on a grill; "proper toasting should brown both sides of a piece of bread") }
{ [ broil, verb.change:broil,+ ] broiling, [ grilling, verb.change:grill,+ ] cooking,@ (cooking by direct exposure to radiant heat (as over a fire or under a grill)) }
{ [ frying, verb.change:fry,+ ] [ sauteing, verb.change:saute,+ ] cooking,@ (cooking in fat or oil in a pan or griddle) }
{ fusion_cooking, cooking,@ (cooking that combines ingredients and techniques and seasonings from different cuisines) }
{ braising, cooking,@ (cooking slowly in fat in a closed pot with little moisture) }
{ [ poaching, verb.change:poach,+ ] cooking,@ (cooking in simmering liquid) }
{ [ roasting, verb.change:roast,+ ] cooking,@ (cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added); "the slow roasting took several hours") }
{ barbecuing, roasting,@ (roasting a large piece of meat on a revolving spit out of doors over an open fire) }
{ boiling, [ stewing, verb.change:stew,+ ] [ simmering, verb.change:simmer,+ ] cooking,@ (cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boil) }
{ basting1, moistening,@ roasting,#p (moistening a roast as it is cooking) }
{ [ tenderization, verb.change:tenderize,+ ] [ tenderisation, verb.change:tenderise,+ ] improvement,@ cooking,#p (the act of making meat tender by pounding or marinating it) }
{ [ percolation, verb.contact:percolate3,+ ] cooking,@ (the act of making coffee in a percolator) }

{ [ seasoning, verb.perception:season,+ ] change_of_state,@ cooking,#p (the act of adding a seasoning to food) }
{ [ salting, verb.perception:salt,+ ] seasoning,@ (the act of adding salt to food) }
{ [ sweetening, verb.perception:sweeten,+ ] seasoning,@ (the act of adding a sweetener to food) }

{ [ infusion1, verb.change:infuse1,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of infusing or introducing a certain modifying element or quality; "the team's continued success is attributable to a steady infusion of new talent") }

{ [ improvement, verb.change:improve1,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of improving something; "their improvements increased the value of the property") }
{ [ advancement2, verb.change:advance9,+ ] [ progress1, verb.change:progress1,+ verb.change:progress,+ ] development1,@ (gradual improvement or growth or development; "advancement of knowledge"; "great progress in the arts")}
{ forwarding2, furtherance, [ promotion2, verb.social:promote1,+ ] advancement2,@ (the advancement of some enterprise; "his experience in marketing resulted in the forwarding of his career") }
{ stride1, advancement2,@ (significant progress (especially in the phrase `make strides'); "they made big strides in productivity") }
{ work_flow, workflow, advancement2,@ (progress (or rate of progress) in work being done) }
{ [ development1, verb.creation:develop1,+ verb.change:develop9,+ ] improvement,@ (act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining; "he congratulated them on their development of a plan to meet the emergency"; "they funded research and development") }
{ broadening, development1,@ (the action of making broader; "the broadening of travel") }
{ [ elaboration, verb.creation:elaborate,+ verb.change:elaborate1,+ verb.change:elaborate,+ ] working_out, development1,@ (developing in intricate and painstaking detail) }
{ product_development, development1,@ (improving an existing product or developing new kinds of products) }
{ [ cleaning, verb.stative:clean,+ verb.contact:clean2,+ verb.contact:clean1,+ verb.contact:clean,+ verb.change:clean,+ verb.body:clean,+ ] [ cleansing, verb.body:cleanse,+ ] [ cleanup, verb.body:clean_up,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of making something clean; "he gave his shoes a good cleaning") }
{ [ disinfestation, verb.possession:disinfest,+ ] cleaning,@ (the activity of getting rid of vermin) }
{ [ spring-cleaning, verb.contact:spring-clean,+ ] cleaning,@ (the activity of cleaning a house thoroughly at the end of winter) }
{ [ scrub, verb.body:scrub,+ verb.contact:scrub,+ ] [ scrubbing, verb.contact:scrub,+ ] [ scouring, verb.contact:scour1,+ ] cleaning,@ (the act of cleaning a surface by rubbing it with a brush and soap and water) }
{ [ swabbing, verb.contact:swab,+ ] [ mopping, verb.contact:mop1,+ ] scrubbing,@ (cleaning with a mop; "he gave it a good mopping") }
{ [ dry_cleaning, verb.contact:dry_clean,+ ] cleaning,@ (the act of cleaning (fabrics) with a solvent other than water) }
{ [ sweeping, verb.contact:sweep1,+ verb.contact:sweep,+ ] cleaning,@ (the act of cleaning with a broom) }
{ [ purge, verb.change:purge3,+ verb.change:purge,+ ] [ purging, verb.change:purge,+ ] cleaning,@ (an act of removing by cleansing; ridding of sediment or other undesired elements) }
{ [ purge1, verb.change:purge4,+ verb.communication:purge,+ ] [ purging1, verb.change:purge,+ ] [ purgation1, verb.communication:purge,+ ] clearing,@ (the act of clearing yourself (or another) from some stigma or charge) }
{ [ purification1, verb.change:purify2,+ ] purge1,@ (the act of purging of sin or guilt; moral or spiritual cleansing; "purification through repentance") }
{ [ purification2, verb.change:purify1,+ ] [ purgation2, verb.change:purge4,+ ] ceremony,@ (a ceremonial cleansing from defilement or uncleanness by the performance of appropriate rites) }
{ [ purification, verb.change:purify,+ ] cleaning,@ (the act of cleaning by getting rid of impurities) }
{ [ catharsis, adj.all:healthful^cathartic2,+ ] katharsis, [ abreaction, verb.emotion:abreact,+ ] purge,@ psychoanalysis,;c ((psychoanalysis) purging of emotional tensions) }
{ [ catharsis1, adj.all:laxative^cathartic,+ ] katharsis1, [ purgation, verb.body:purge,+ ] purge,@ (purging the body by the use of a cathartic to stimulate evacuation of the bowels) }
{ high_colonic, colonic_irrigation,@ (an enema that injects large amounts of fluid high into the colon for cleansing purposes) }
{ [ sterilization1, verb.body:sterilize1,+ ] [ sterilisation1, verb.body:sterilise1,+ ] cleaning,@ (the procedure of making some object free of live bacteria or other microorganisms (usually by heat or chemical means))}
{ [ pasteurization, verb.change:pasteurize,+ ] [ pasteurisation, verb.change:pasteurise,+ ] sterilization1,@ (partial sterilization of foods at a temperature that destroys harmful microorganisms without major changes in the chemistry of the food) }
{ sanitation, [ sanitization, verb.contact:sanitize,+ ] [ sanitisation, verb.contact:sanitise,+ ] cleaning,@ (making something sanitary (free of germs) as by sterilizing) }
{ [ depilation, verb.body:depilate,+ ] epilation, cleaning,@ (the act of removing hair (as from an animal skin)) }
{ [ shave, verb.body:shave,+ ] [ shaving, verb.body:shave,+ ] depilation,@ (the act of removing hair with a razor) }
{ [ tonsure, verb.body:tonsure,+ ] shave,@ (shaving the crown of the head by priests or members of a monastic order) }
{ electrolysis, depilation,@ (removing superfluous or unwanted hair by passing an electric current through the hair root) }
{ [ washup, verb.body:wash_up,+ ] [ bathing1, verb.body:bathe,+ ] wash1,@ cleaning,@ (the act of washing yourself (or another person)) }
{ [ ablution, adj.all:purifying^ablutionary,+ ] ritual1,@ wash1,@ (the ritual washing of a priest's hands or of sacred vessels) }
{ dishwashing, [ washup1, verb.contact:wash_up2,+ ] wash1,@ (the act of washing dishes) }
{ [ wash1, verb.stative:wash,+ verb.contact:wash,+ verb.body:wash2,+ verb.body:wash,+ ] [ washing, verb.body:wash,+ ] [ lavation, verb.body:lave2,+ verb.body:lave,+ ] work,@ (the work of cleansing (usually with soap and water)) }
{ washing-up, wash1,@ (the washing of dishes etc after a meal) }
{ window-washing, wash1,@ (the activity of washing windows) }
{ [ rinse, verb.contact:rinse2,+ ] wash1,@ (washing lightly without soap) }
{ rinse1, hair_coloring,@ (the act of giving a light tint to the hair) }
{ soak1, [ soaking, verb.contact:soak1,+ ] wash1,@ (washing something by allowing it to soak) }
{ brush2, brushing2, hair_care,@ (the act of brushing your hair; "he gave his hair a quick brush") }
{ [ comb, verb.contact:comb1,+ verb.body:comb,+ ] [ combing, verb.contact:comb1,+ verb.body:comb,+ ] hair_care,@ (the act of drawing a comb through hair; "his hair needed a comb") }
{ [ comb-out, verb.body:comb_out,+ ] [ teasing2, verb.body:tease,+ ] comb,@ (the act of removing tangles from you hair with a comb) }
{ [ shampoo, verb.body:shampoo,+ ] hair_care,@ (the act of washing your hair with shampoo) }
{ hair_care, haircare, hairdressing, care1,@ (care for the hair: the activity of washing or cutting or curling or arranging the hair) }
{ hairweaving, hair_care,@ (the act of interweaving a hairpiece with your own hair) }
{ [ shower, verb.body:shower,+ ] shower_bath, washup,@ (washing yourself by standing upright under water sprayed from a nozzle; "he took a shower after the game") }
{ bath, washup,@ (a soaking and washing in a bathtub; "he has a good bath every morning") }
{ bubble_bath, bath,@ (a bath in which you add something to foam and scent the bath water) }
{ mikvah, bath,@ noun.cognition:Judaism,;c ((Hebrew) a ritual purification and cleansing bath that Orthodox Jews take on certain occasions (as before Sabbath or after menstruation)) }
{ mud_bath, bath,@ (a bath in warm mud (as for treating rheumatism)) }
{ sponge_bath, washup,@ (you wash your body with a sponge or washcloth instead of in a bathtub) }
{ Turkish_bath, steam_bath, vapor_bath, vapour_bath, washup,@ (you sweat in a steam room before getting a rubdown and cold shower) }
{ [ rubdown, verb.contact:rub_down,+ ] massage,@ (the act of rubbing down, usually for relaxation or medicinal purposes) }
{ [ correction, adj.all:punitive^correctional,+ verb.change:correct,+ ] [ rectification, verb.change:rectify8,+ verb.change:rectify2,+ verb.change:rectify,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of offering an improvement to replace a mistake; setting right) }
{ [ redress, verb.social:redress,+ ] [ remedy, adj.all:bettering^remedial,+ verb.change:remedy,+ ] [ remediation, verb.change:remediate,+ ] correction,@ (act of correcting an error or a fault or an evil) }
{ [ salve, verb.body:salve,+ ] redress,@ (anything that remedies or heals or soothes; "he needed a salve for his conscience") }
{ retribution, correction,@ (the act of correcting for your wrongdoing) }
{ [ recompense, verb.possession:recompense,+ ] [ compensation, verb.stative:compensate,+ verb.social:compensate,+ verb.possession:compensate2,+ verb.possession:compensate1,+ verb.possession:compensate,+ ] correction,@ (the act of compensating for service or loss or injury) }
{ [ indemnification, verb.possession:indemnify,+ ] recompense,@ (an act of compensation for actual loss or damage or for trouble and annoyance) }
{ [ optimization, verb.change:optimize1,+ verb.change:optimize,+ ] [ optimisation, verb.change:optimise1,+ verb.change:optimise,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of rendering optimal; "the simultaneous optimization of growth and profitability"; "in an optimization problem we seek values of the variables that lead to an optimal value of the function that is to be optimized"; "to promote the optimization and diversification of agricultural products") }
{ [ perfection, noun.person:perfectionist,+ verb.change:perfect,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of making something perfect) }
{ [ reform, verb.change:reform8,+ verb.change:reform,+ ] improvement,@ (a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses; "justice was for sale before the reform of the law courts") }
{ land_reform, reform,@ government,;c (a redistribution of agricultural land (especially by government action)) }
{ [ amelioration, verb.change:ameliorate1,+ verb.change:ameliorate,+ ] [ melioration, verb.change:meliorate1,+ verb.change:meliorate,+ ] [ betterment, verb.change:better1,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of relieving ills and changing for the better) }
{ self-improvement, self-reformation, improvement,@ (the act of improving yourself) }
{ [ reform2, verb.change:reform3,+ verb.change:reform4,+ ] self-improvement,@ (self-improvement in behavior or morals by abandoning some vice; "the family rejoiced in the drunkard's reform") }
{ [ beautification, verb.stative:beautify,+ verb.creation:beautify,+ verb.change:beautify,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of making something more beautiful) }
{ beauty_treatment, beautification,@ (enhancement of someone's personal beauty) }
{ [ glamorization, verb.change:glamorize,+ ] [ glamorisation, verb.change:glamorise,+ ] [ glamourization, verb.change:glamourize,+ ] [ glamourisation, verb.change:glamourise,+ ] beautification,@ (the act of glamorizing; making something or someone more beautiful (often in a superficial way)) }
{ [ decoration, verb.stative:decorate,+ verb.creation:decorate,+ verb.contact:decorate,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of decorating something (in the hope of making it more attractive)) }
{ [ adornment, verb.creation:adorn,+ ] decoration,@ (the action of decorating yourself with something colorful and interesting) }
{ [ ornamentation, verb.creation:ornament,+ ] [ embellishment, verb.creation:embellish,+ ] decoration,@ (the act of adding extraneous decorations to something) }
{ window_dressing, decoration,@ (the decoration of shop windows) }
{ trimming, decoration,@ (the act of adding decoration; "the children had to be in bed before it was time for the trimming of the tree") }
{ [ tessellation, verb.contact:tessellate,+ ] decoration,@ (the act of adorning with mosaic) }
{ figuration, decoration,@ (decorating with a design) }
{ [ tattoo, verb.creation:tattoo,+ ] decoration,@ (the practice of making a design on the skin by pricking and staining) }
{ [ titivation, verb.change:titivate,+ ] [ tittivation, verb.change:tittivate,+ ] decoration,@ (sprucing up; making decorative additions to) }
{ [ marking1, verb.change:mark,+ ] decoration,@ (the act of making a visible mark on a surface) }
{ [ lineation, verb.contact:line2,+ verb.contact:line1,+ ] marking1,@ (the act of marking or outlining with lines) }
{ [ mottling, verb.creation:mottle,+ verb.change:mottle,+ ] marking1,@ (the act of coloring with areas of different shades) }
{ [ striping, verb.contact:stripe,+ ] marking1,@ (the act of marking with stripes) }
{ [ clearing1, verb.possession:clear12,+ verb.change:clear3,+ ] [ clarification2, verb.change:clarify2,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of removing solid particles from a liquid) }
{ [ enrichment, verb.change:enrich,+ ] improvement,@ (act of making fuller or more meaningful or rewarding) }
{ [ fortification, verb.change:fortify2,+ verb.change:fortify1,+ verb.change:fortify,+ ] enrichment,@ (the addition of an ingredient for the purpose of enrichment (as the addition of alcohol to wine or the addition of vitamins to food)) }
{ [ humanization, verb.emotion:humanize,+ ] [ humanisation, verb.emotion:humanise,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of making more human) }
{ [ modernization, verb.change:modernize2,+ ] [ modernisation, verb.change:modernise2,+ ] improvement,@ (making modern in appearance or behavior; "the modernization of Nigeria will be a long process") }
{ [ renovation, verb.change:renovate1,+ verb.change:renovate,+ ] [ redevelopment, verb.communication:redevelop,+ verb.change:redevelop,+ ] overhaul1, improvement,@ (the act of improving by renewing and restoring; "they are pursuing a general program of renovation to the entire property"; "a major overhaul of the healthcare system was proposed") }
{ face_lift1, facelift1, face_lifting1, renovation,@ (a renovation that improves the outward appearance (as of a building) but usually does not involve major changes; "give your home a facelift"; "more than a facelift, the new model marks a fundamental change of direction") }
{ [ moralization, verb.change:moralize,+ ] [ moralisation, verb.change:moralise,+ ] reform,@ (the act of making moral (or more moral); "for years she worked toward the moralization of English literature") }
{ [ enhancement, verb.change:enhance1,+ ] [ sweetening2, verb.change:sweeten,+ ] improvement,@ (an improvement that makes something more agreeable) }
{ upturn, improvement,@ (an upward movement or trend as in business activity) }
{ [ worsening, verb.change:worsen1,+ ] change_of_state,@ (changing something with the result that it becomes worse) }
{ downturn, downswing1, worsening,@ (a worsening of business or economic activity; "the market took a downturn") }
{ downspin, downturn,@ (a swift and dangerous downturn) }
{ [ ventilation, verb.motion:ventilate,+ verb.change:ventilate1,+ ] airing, improvement,@ (the act of supplying fresh air and getting rid of foul air) }
{ [ repair, verb.change:repair,+ ] [ fix, verb.change:fix1,+ ] [ fixing, verb.change:fix1,+ ] [ fixture, verb.change:fix1,+ ] [ mend, verb.change:mend,+ ] [ mending, verb.change:mend,+ ] [ reparation1, verb.change:repair,+ ] improvement,@ (the act of putting something in working order again) }
{ [ darning, verb.contact:darn,+ ] repair,@ (the act of mending a hole in a garment with crossing threads) }
{ [ patching, verb.possession:patch,+ verb.contact:patch,+ verb.change:patch,+ ] repair,@ (the act of mending a hole in a garment by sewing a patch over it) }
{ care, [ maintenance, verb.possession:maintain,+ ] upkeep, repair,@ (activity involved in maintaining something in good working order; "he wrote the manual on car care") }
{ camera_care, care,@ (keeping a camera in good working order) }
{ car_care, care,@ (keeping a car in good working order) }
{ oil_change, car_care,@ (replacing dirty oil with clean) }
{ [ overhaul, verb.change:overhaul,+ ] inspection_and_repair, [ service5, verb.change:service,+ ] care,@ (periodic maintenance on a car or machine; "it was time for an overhaul on the tractor") }
{ interim_overhaul, overhaul,@ (an overhaul between the regular times for overhauling) }
{ band_aid, quick_fix, quickie, quicky, repair,@ (hurried repair) }
{ [ restoration, verb.social:restore1,+ verb.change:restore,+ ] repair,@ (the act of restoring something or someone to a satisfactory state) }
{ [ gentrification, verb.change:gentrify,+ ] restoration,@ (the restoration of run-down urban areas by the middle class (resulting in the displacement of low-income residents)) }
{ [ reclamation1, verb.change:reclaim,+ ] renewal, [ rehabilitation, verb.social:rehabilitate3,+ ] restoration,@ (the conversion of wasteland into land suitable for use of habitation or cultivation) }
{ [ reconstruction, verb.creation:reconstruct,+ verb.change:reconstruct,+ ] repair,@ (the activity of constructing something again) }
{ anastylosis, reassembly,@ noun.cognition:archeology,;c (the archeological reassembly of ruined monuments from fallen or decayed fragments (incorporating new materials when necessary)) }
{ makeover1, reconstruction,@ (a complete reconstruction and renovation of something; "the blighted neighborhood underwent a total makeover") }
{ reassembly, refabrication, reconstruction,@ (assembling again) }
{ re-formation, [ regeneration1, verb.creation:regenerate,+ verb.change:regenerate4,+ verb.body:regenerate1,+ ] reconstruction,@ (forming again (especially with improvements or removal of defects); renewing and reconstituting) }
{ [ rebuilding, verb.creation:rebuild,+ ] reconstruction,@ (building again) }
{ [ restitution1, verb.change:restitute,+ ] repair,@ (the act of restoring something to its original state) }
{ pump_priming, care,@ (introducing water into a pump to improve the seal and start the water flowing) }
{ scheduled_maintenance, care,@ (maintenance at a regularly scheduled time) }
{ steam_fitting, care,@ (care (installation and maintenance) of equipment for ventilating or heating or refrigerating) }
{ [ coaching, verb.communication:coach,+ ] coaching_job, employment,@ (the job of a professional coach) }
{ engagement5, [ booking1, verb.cognition:book,+ ] employment,@ (employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time; "the play had bookings throughout the summer") }
{ gig, engagement5,@ (a booking for musicians; "they played a gig in New Jersey") }

{ [ degradation, verb.emotion:degrade,+ verb.change:degrade,+ ] [ debasement, verb.social:debase,+ ] change_of_state,@ (changing to a lower state (a less respected state)) }
{ [ dehumanization, verb.emotion:dehumanize,+ ] [ dehumanisation, verb.emotion:dehumanise,+ ] degradation,@ (the act of degrading people with respect to their best qualities; "science has been blamed for the dehumanization of modern life") }
{ [ brutalization, verb.change:brutalize1,+ verb.change:brutalize,+ ] [ brutalisation, verb.change:brutalise1,+ verb.change:brutalise,+ ] animalization, animalisation, degradation,@ (an act that makes people cruel or lacking normal human qualities) }
{ [ barbarization, verb.change:barbarize,+ ] [ barbarisation, verb.change:barbarise1,+ verb.change:barbarise,+ ] degradation,@ (an act that makes people primitive and uncivilized) }
{ [ bastardization, verb.social:bastardize,+ ] [ bastardisation, verb.social:bastardise,+ ] degradation,@ (an act that debases or corrupts) }
{ [ corruption, verb.social:corrupt,+ ] [ subversion, verb.social:subvert3,+ ] degradation,@ (destroying someone's (or some group's) honesty or loyalty; undermining moral integrity; "corruption of a minor"; "the big city's subversion of rural innocence") }
{ [ demoralization, verb.social:demoralize,+ ] [ demoralisation, verb.social:demoralise,+ ] degradation,@ (destroying the moral basis for a doctrine or policy) }
{ stultification, constipation, impairment1, [ deadening, verb.change:deaden1,+ verb.change:deaden,+ ] degradation,@ (the act of making something futile and useless (as by routine)) }
{ [ popularization1, verb.communication:popularize,+ ] [ popularisation1, verb.communication:popularise,+ ] [ vulgarization, verb.communication:vulgarize,+ ] [ vulgarisation, verb.communication:vulgarise,+ ] degradation,@ (the act of making something attractive to the general public) }
{ [ profanation1, verb.social:profane1,+ ] degradation,@ (degradation of something worthy of respect; cheapening) }
{ [ humiliation, verb.emotion:humiliate,+ ] [ abasement, verb.emotion:abase,+ ] degradation,@ (depriving one of self-esteem) }
{ comedown, humiliation,@ (decline to a lower status or level) }

{ change_of_color, change_of_state,@ (an act that changes the light that something reflects) }
{ [ whitening, verb.change:whiten,+ ] lightening, change_of_color,@ (changing to a lighter color) }
{ [ bleach, verb.change:bleach,+ ] whitening,@ (the act of whitening something by bleaching it (exposing it to sunlight or using a chemical bleaching agent)) }
{ [ etiolation, verb.change:etiolate,+ ] bleach,@ noun.cognition:botany,;c ((botany) the act of causing a plant to develop without chlorophyll by growing it without exposure to sunlight; "the etiolation of celery") }
{ blackening, [ darkening, verb.change:darken1,+ verb.change:darken,+ ] change_of_color,@ (changing to a darker color) }
{ [ obfuscation1, verb.communication:obfuscate,+ ] blackening,@ (darkening or obscuring the sight of something) }
{ [ discoloration, verb.change:discolor2,+ verb.change:discolor,+ ] [ discolouration, verb.change:discolour,+ ] change_of_color,@ (the act of changing the natural color of something by making it duller or dingier or unnatural or faded) }
{ [ coloring, verb.change:color1,+ ] [ colouring, verb.change:colour,+ ] change_of_color,@ (the act or process of changing the color of something) }
{ [ tinting, verb.change:tint,+ ] coloring,@ (the act of adding a tinge of color; "the hairdresser gave her hair a modest tinting") }
{ hair_coloring, coloring,@ (the act of dyeing or tinting one's hair) }
{ [ dyeing, verb.change:dye,+ ] coloring,@ (the use of dye to change the color of something permanently) }
{ [ staining, verb.change:stain4,+ ] dyeing,@ noun.cognition:histology,;c ((histology) the use of a dye to color specimens for microscopic study) }
{ Gram's_method, Gram_method, Gram's_procedure, Gram's_stain, Gram_stain, staining,@ (a staining technique used to classify bacteria; bacteria are stained with gentian violet and then treated with Gram's solution; after being decolorized with alcohol and treated with safranine and washed in water, those that retain the gentian violet are Gram-positive and those that do not retain it are Gram-negative) }
{ [ environmentalism, noun.person:environmentalist,+ ] preservation,@ (the activity of protecting the environment from pollution or destruction) }
{ [ fixation, verb.change:fixate1,+ ] [ fixing2, verb.change:fix2,+ ] noun.process:preservation,@ noun.process:plastination,#p noun.cognition:histology,;c ((histology) the preservation and hardening of a tissue sample to retain as nearly as possible the same relations they had in the living body) }
{ [ soiling, verb.contact:soil,+ ] [ soilure, verb.contact:soil,+ ] [ dirtying, verb.contact:dirty,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of soiling something) }
{ staining1, [ spotting1, verb.contact:spot,+ ] [ maculation, verb.contact:maculate,+ verb.change:maculate,+ ] soiling,@ (the act of spotting or staining something) }
{ [ contamination, verb.change:contaminate1,+ verb.change:contaminate,+ decontamination,! ] [ pollution, verb.change:pollute,+ ] soiling,@ (the act of contaminating or polluting; including (either intentionally or accidentally) unwanted substances or factors) }
{ dust_contamination, contamination,@ (the act of contaminating with dust particles) }

{ [ wetting, verb.change:wet,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of making something wet) }
{ [ submersion, verb.contact:submerge1,+ verb.contact:submerse,+ ] [ immersion1, verb.cognition:immerse1,+ ] [ ducking, verb.motion:duck2,+ verb.motion:duck1,+ ] [ dousing, verb.contact:douse,+ ] wetting,@ (the act of wetting something by submerging it) }
{ drenching, [ soaking1, verb.change:soak1,+ ] [ souse, verb.contact:souse,+ verb.change:souse1,+ ] [ sousing, verb.change:souse1,+ ] wetting,@ (the act of making something completely wet; "he gave it a good drenching") }
{ [ moistening, verb.contact:moisten,+ verb.change:moisten,+ ] [ dampening, verb.change:dampen1,+ ] wetting,@ (the act of making something slightly wet) }
{ [ splash1, verb.contact:splash4,+ verb.contact:splash,+ verb.contact:splash1,+ ] [ splashing1, verb.contact:splash2,+ ] wetting,@ (the act of scattering water about haphazardly) }
{ [ watering, verb.change:water,+ ] wetting,@ (wetting with water; "the lawn needs a great deal of watering") }
{ [ sprinkle, verb.change:sprinkle,+ verb.contact:sprinkle,+ ] [ sprinkling2, verb.change:sprinkle,+ ] sparge, watering,@ (the act of sprinkling or splashing water; "baptized with a sprinkling of holy water"; "a sparge of warm water over the malt") }

{ [ chew, adj.all:tough1^chewy,+ adj.all:elastic^chewy,+ verb.consumption:chew,+ ] [ chewing, verb.consumption:chew,+ ] [ mastication, verb.consumption:masticate,+ ] manduction, change_of_state,@ eating,#p (biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow) }
{ [ chomping, verb.consumption:chomp,+ ] chew,@ (the act of chewing noisily) }
{ [ mumbling, verb.consumption:mumble,+ ] [ gumming, verb.consumption:gum,+ ] chew,@ (ineffectual chewing (as if without teeth)) }
{ [ rumination1, verb.consumption:ruminate,+ ] chew,@ ((of ruminants) chewing (the cud); "ruminants have remarkable powers of rumination") }
{ bruxism, action2,@ (involuntarily or unconsciously clenching or grinding the teeth, typically during sleep) }

{ [ defoliation, verb.change:defoliate,+ ] change_of_state,@ (causing the leaves of trees and other plants to fall off (as by the use of chemicals)) }

{ [ motion1, adj.pert:motional,+ verb.motion:move3,+ ] [ movement4, verb.motion:move3,+ verb.motion:move2,+ verb.motion:move1,+ ] [ move4, verb.motion:move1,+ verb.motion:move3,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing location from one place to another; "police controlled the motion of the crowd"; "the movement of people from the farms to the cities"; "his move put him directly in my path") }
{ [ movement2, verb.motion:move1,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing the location of something; "the movement of cargo onto the vessel") }

{ [ approach, verb.motion:approach,+ ] approaching, [ coming2, verb.motion:come,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of drawing spatially closer to something; "the hunter's approach scattered the geese") }
{ [ access, verb.motion:access,+ ] approach,@ (the act of approaching or entering; "he gained access to the building") }
{ back_door, backdoor, access,@ (a secret or underhand means of access (to a place or a position); "he got his job through the back door") }
{ [ closing3, verb.social:close15,+ verb.motion:close15,+ verb.contact:close15,+ ] [ closure2, verb.motion:close15,+ ] approach,@ (approaching a particular destination; a coming closer; a narrowing of a gap; "the ship's rapid rate of closing gave them little time to avoid a collision") }
{ landing_approach, approach,@ landing1,#p (the approach to a landing field by an airplane) }
{ [ overshoot, verb.cognition:overshoot,+ ] wave-off, go-around, landing_approach,@ (an approach that fails and gives way to another attempt) }
{ [ progress, verb.motion:progress,+ ] [ progression, verb.motion:progress,+ ] [ procession1, verb.motion:proceed,+ ] [ advance, retreat2,! verb.motion:advance,+ verb.change:advance,+ ] [ advancement1, verb.motion:advance1,+ verb.motion:advance,+ verb.change:advance9,+ ] forward_motion, onward_motion, motion1,@ (the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)) }
{ [ push1, verb.communication:push1,+ ] progress,@ (an effort to advance; "the army made a push toward the sea") }
{ [ career1, noun.person:careerist,+ ] life_history, progress,@ (the general progression of your working or professional life; "the general had had a distinguished career"; "he had a long career in the law") }
{ march2, progress,@ (a steady advance; "the march of science"; "the march of time") }
{ plain_sailing, clear_sailing, easy_going, progress,@ (easy unobstructed progress; "after we solved that problem the rest was plain sailing") }
{ [ locomotion, adj.pert:locomotive,+ verb.motion:locomote,+ ] [ travel1, verb.motion:travel,+ ] motion1,@ (self-propelled movement) }
{ [ brachiation, verb.motion:brachiate,+ ] locomotion,@ (swinging by the arms from branch to branch) }
{ [ walk, verb.motion:walk5,+ verb.motion:walk4,+ verb.motion:walk3,+ verb.motion:walk,+ ] [ walking, verb.motion:walk,+ ] locomotion,@ (the act of traveling by foot; "walking is a healthy form of exercise") }
{ [ ambulation, verb.motion:ambulate,+ adj.pert:ambulatory,+ ] walk,@ (walking about; "the hospital encouraged early ambulation") }
{ [ amble, verb.motion:perambulate,+ verb.motion:ambulate,+ verb.motion:amble,+ ] [ promenade, verb.motion:promenade,+ ] [ saunter, verb.motion:saunter,+ ] [ stroll, verb.motion:stroll,+ ] [ perambulation, verb.motion:perambulate,+ ] walk3,@ (a leisurely walk (usually in some public place)) }
{ [ ramble, verb.motion:ramble1,+ ] [ meander, verb.motion:meander,+ ] amble,@ (an aimless amble on a winding course) }
{ [ constitutional, verb.motion:constitutionalize,+ ] walk3,@ (a regular walk taken as a form of exercise) }
{ [ foot, verb.motion:foot,+ ] walk3,@ (travel by walking; "he followed on foot"; "the swiftest of foot") }
{ [ walk3, verb.motion:walk4,+ verb.motion:walk3,+ verb.motion:walk,+ ] travel,@ (the act of walking somewhere; "he took a walk after lunch") }
{ [ sleepwalking, verb.motion:sleepwalk,+ ] [ somnambulism, noun.person:somnambulist,+ ] [ somnambulation, verb.motion:somnambulate,+ ] [ noctambulism, noun.person:noctambulist,+ ] noctambulation, sleeping,@ walk,@ (walking by a person who is asleep) }
{ sleep_talking, [ somniloquy, noun.person:somniloquist,+ ] [ somniloquism, noun.person:somniloquist,+ ] sleeping,@ noun.cognition:process1,@ (uttering speech while asleep) }
{ [ step, verb.change:step,+ verb.motion:step3,+ verb.motion:step4,+ verb.motion:step1,+ verb.motion:step,+ ] locomotion,@ (the act of changing location by raising the foot and setting it down; "he walked with unsteady steps") }
{ [ pace, verb.change:pace,+ verb.motion:pace1,+ verb.motion:pace,+ ] [ stride, verb.motion:stride3,+ verb.motion:stride,+ ] [ tread, verb.motion:tread1,+ ] step,@ walk,#p (a step in walking or running) }
{ pas, step,@ ballet,;c ((ballet) a step in dancing (especially in classical ballet)) }
{ trip2, step,@ (a light or nimble tread; "he heard the trip of women's feet overhead") }
{ sidestep, step,@ boxing,;c dancing,;c (a step to one side (as in boxing or dancing)) }
{ gait1, walk,@ (a person's manner of walking) }
{ [ hitch, verb.motion:hitch1,+ ] [ hobble, verb.motion:hobble,+ ] [ limp, verb.motion:limp1,+ verb.motion:limp,+ ] gait1,@ (the uneven manner of walking that results from an injured leg) }
{ gait2, locomotion,@ (a horse's manner of moving) }
{ [ walk2, verb.motion:walk2,+ ] gait2,@ (a slow gait of a horse in which two feet are always on the ground) }
{ [ rack, verb.motion:rack,+ ] [ single-foot, verb.motion:single-foot,+ ] gait2,@ (a rapid gait of a horse in which each foot strikes the ground separately) }
{ jog_trot, gait2,@ (an easy gait of a horse; midway between a walk and a trot) }
{ [ trot2, verb.motion:trot2,+ verb.motion:trot1,+ ] gait2,@ (a gait faster than a walk; diagonally opposite legs strike the ground together) }
{ [ rising_trot, sitting_trot,! ] trot2,@ (the rider rises from the saddle every second stride) }
{ [ sitting_trot, rising_trot,! ] trot2,@ (the rider sits still in the saddle) }
{ dressage, equestrian_sport,@ noun.event:three-day_event,#p (maneuvers of a horse in response to body signals by the rider) }
{ [ curvet, verb.motion:curvet,+ ] [ vaulting, verb.motion:vault1,+ ] dressage,@ (a light leap by a horse in which both hind legs leave the ground before the forelegs come down) }
{ piaffe, dressage,@ (a cadenced trot executed by the horse in one spot) }
{ [ canter, verb.motion:canter3,+ verb.motion:canter1,+ verb.motion:canter,+ ] [ lope, verb.motion:lope,+ ] gait2,@ (a smooth three-beat gait; between a trot and a gallop) }
{ [ gallop, verb.motion:gallop3,+ verb.motion:gallop1,+ verb.motion:gallop,+ ] gait2,@ (a fast gait of a horse; a two-beat stride during which all four legs are off the ground simultaneously) }
{ footstep, step,@ (the act of taking a step in walking) }
{ [ hike, verb.motion:hike,+ ] hiking, [ tramp, verb.motion:tramp,+ ] walk3,@ (a long walk usually for exercise or pleasure; "she enjoys a hike in her spare time") }
{ [ trudge, verb.motion:trudge1,+ ] hike,@ (a long difficult walk) }
{ [ flounce, verb.motion:flounce,+ ] gait1,@ (the act of walking with exaggerated jerky motions) }
{ [ lurch, verb.motion:lurch3,+ ] [ stumble, verb.motion:stumble1,+ ] [ stagger, verb.motion:stagger1,+ verb.motion:stagger,+ ] gait1,@ (an unsteady uneven gait) }
{ [ pacing, verb.motion:pace,+ ] gait1,@ (walking with slow regular strides) }
{ roll4, gait1,@ (walking with a swaying gait) }
{ [ saunter1, verb.motion:saunter,+ ] gait1,@ (a careless leisurely gait; "he walked with a kind of saunter as if he hadn't a care in the world") }
{ [ skip1, verb.motion:skip,+ ] gait1,@ (a gait in which steps and hops alternate) }
{ [ stalk, verb.motion:stalk,+ ] angry_walk, gait1,@ (a stiff or threatening gait) }
{ [ strut, verb.motion:strut,+ ] [ prance, verb.motion:prance,+ ] [ swagger, verb.motion:swagger,+ ] gait1,@ (a proud stiff pompous gait) }
{ [ lurch1, verb.motion:lurch,+ ] [ lunge, verb.motion:lunge,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of moving forward suddenly) }
{ [ waddle, verb.motion:waddle,+ ] gait1,@ (walking with short steps and the weight tilting from one foot to the other; "ducks walk with a waddle") }
{ [ march, verb.motion:march10,+ verb.social:march,+ verb.motion:march,+ verb.motion:march4,+ verb.motion:march1,+ ] [ marching, verb.motion:march1,+ ] walk,@ (the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind); "it was a long march"; "we heard the sound of marching") }
{ countermarch, march,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) a march in the reverse direction or back along the same route) }
{ [ goose_step, verb.motion:goose_step,+ ] march,@ (a manner of marching with legs straight and swinging high) }
{ last_mile, walk3,@ (the last walk of a condemned person to the execution place) }
{ lockstep, march,@ (a manner of marching in file in which each person's leg moves with and behind the corresponding leg of the person ahead; "the prisoner's ankles were so chained together that they could only march in lockstep") }
{ promenade1, march,@ noun.group:ball,#p (a march of all the guests at the opening of a formal dance) }
{ quick_march, march,@ (marching at quick time) }
{ routemarch, march,@ (a long training march for troops) }
{ [ plodding1, verb.motion:plod,+ ] plod, walk,@ (the act of walking with a slow heavy gait; "I could recognize his plod anywhere") }
{ [ prowl, verb.stative:prowl,+ verb.motion:prowl,+ ] walk,@ (the act of prowling (walking about in a stealthy manner)) }
{ moonwalk, walk3,@ (an exploratory walk by an astronaut on the surface of the moon) }
{ [ perambulation1, verb.perception:perambulate,+ ] walk3,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a walk around a territory (a parish or manor or forest etc.) in order to officially assert and record its boundaries) }
{ turn3, walk3,@ (taking a short walk out and back; "we took a turn in the park") }
{ [ shamble, verb.motion:shamble,+ ] [ shambling, verb.motion:shamble,+ ] [ shuffle1, verb.motion:shuffle,+ ] [ shuffling1, verb.motion:shuffle,+ ] walk,@ (walking with a slow dragging motion without lifting your feet; "from his shambling I assumed he was very old") }
{ [ space_walk, verb.motion:spacewalk,+ ] activity,@ (any kind of physical activity outside a spacecraft by one of the crew) }
{ moonwalk1, dance_step,@ (a kind of dance step in which the dancer seems to be sliding on the spot; "Michael Jackson perfected the moonwalk in the 1980s") }
{ [ wading, verb.motion:wade,+ ] walk,@ (walking with your feet in shallow water)}
{ walkabout1, walk3,@ noun.location:Australia,;r (nomadic excursions into the bush made by an Aborigine) }
{ walkabout2, stroll,@ (a public stroll by a celebrity to meet people informally) }
{ [ walkabout3, verb.motion:walk_about,+ ] tour,@ (a walking trip or tour) }
{ walk-through1, walk3,@ (the act of walking in order to view something; "the realtor took her on a walk-through of the apartment") }
{ [ run, verb.motion:run13,+ verb.motion:run5,+ verb.motion:run10,+ verb.motion:run,+ ] [ running1, verb.motion:run,+ ] locomotion,@ (the act of running; traveling on foot at a fast pace; "he broke into a run"; "his daily run keeps him fit") }
{ [ jog, verb.motion:jog1,+ verb.motion:jog,+ ] [ trot, verb.motion:trot,+ ] [ lope2, verb.motion:lope,+ ] locomotion,@ (a slow pace of running) }
{ dogtrot, jog,@ (a steady trot like that of a dog) }
{ [ dash1, verb.motion:dash,+ ] [ sprint, verb.motion:sprint,+ ] run,@ (a quick run) }
{ fast_break, break2,@ basketball,;c ((basketball) a rapid dash to get a shot as soon as possible after taking possession of the ball) }
{ break2, dash1,@ (a sudden dash; "he made a break for the open door") }
{ [ crawl1, verb.motion:crawl,+ ] [ crawling, verb.motion:crawl,+ ] [ creep, verb.motion:creep,+ ] [ creeping, verb.motion:creep,+ ] locomotion,@ (a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body; "a crawl was all that the injured man could manage"; "the traffic moved at a creep") }
{ lap1, [ circle, adj.all:cyclic1^circular,+  verb.motion:circle1,+ verb.motion:circle,+ ] circuit1, locomotion,@ (movement once around a course; "he drove an extra lap just for insurance") }
{ pace_lap, lap1,@ auto_racing,;c (the first lap of a car race that prepares the cars for a fast start) }
{ victory_lap, lap_of_honour, lap1,@ (a lap by the winning person or team run to celebrate the victory) }
{ [ travel, verb.motion:travel5,+ verb.motion:travel2,+ verb.motion:travel4,+ ] [ traveling, verb.motion:travel4,+ ] [ travelling, verb.motion:travel4,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of going from one place to another; "he enjoyed selling but he hated the travel") }
{ [ circumnavigation, verb.motion:circumnavigate,+ ] travel,@ noun.artifact:plane1,;c (traveling around something (by ship or plane); "Magellan's circumnavigation of the earth proved that it is a globe") }
{ [ peregrination, verb.motion:peregrinate,+ ] travel,@ (traveling or wandering around) }
{ procession, group_action,@ noun.group:collection,@ (the group action of a collection of people or animals or vehicles moving ahead in more or less regular formation; "processions were forbidden") }
{ [ traversal1, verb.motion:traverse,+ ] [ traverse1, verb.motion:traverse,+ ] travel,@ (travel across) }
{ [ wandering, verb.motion:wander,+ ] [ roving, verb.motion:rove,+ ] [ vagabondage, verb.motion:vagabond,+ ] travel,@ (travelling about without any clear destination; "she followed him in his wanderings and looked after him") }
{ wayfaring, travel,@ (traveling (especially on foot)) }
{ [ drifting, verb.motion:drift4,+ verb.motion:drift1,+ ] wandering,@ (aimless wandering from place to place) }
{ [ crossing1, verb.motion:cross,+ ] travel,@ (traveling across) }
{ [ ford, verb.motion:ford,+ ] [ fording, verb.motion:ford,+ ] crossing1,@ (the act of crossing a stream or river by wading or in a car or on a horse) }
{ shallow_fording, ford,@ (fording at a shallow place) }
{ deep_fording, ford,@ (fording at a deep place in the stream) }
{ traversal, traverse, crossing1,@ skiing,#p (taking a zigzag path on skis) }
{ [ tourism, noun.person:tourist,+ ] touristry, commercial_enterprise,@ (the business of providing services to tourists; "Tourism is a major business in Bermuda") }
{ ecotourism, tourism,@ (tourism to exotic or threatened ecosystems to observe wildlife or to help preserve nature) }
{ [ driving, verb.motion:drive1,+ verb.contact:drive7,+ ] travel,@ steering,@ (the act of controlling and steering the movement of a vehicle or animal) }
{ [ motoring, verb.motion:motor,+ ] driving,@ (the act of driving an automobile) }
{ [ riding, verb.motion:ride1,+ ] [ horseback_riding, verb.motion:ride_horseback,+ ] travel,@ (travel by being carried on horseback) }
{ [ roping, verb.contact:rope3,+ ] labor,@ (capturing cattle or horses with a lasso) }
{ bronco_busting, riding,@ rodeo,#p (breaking a bronco to saddle) }
{ endurance_riding, riding,@ (riding for long hours over long distances) }
{ pack_riding, riding,@ (riding with a pack) }
{ trail_riding, riding,@ (riding along a roughly blazed path) }
{ calf_roping, roping,@ rodeo,#p (capturing a calf with a lasso and binding its feet) }
{ steer_roping, roping,@ rodeo,#p (capturing a steer with a lasso) }
{ air_travel, aviation, air, travel,@ (travel via aircraft; "air travel involves too much waiting in airports"; "if you've time to spare go by air") }
{ flight2, trip,@ (a scheduled trip by plane between designated airports; "I took the noon flight to Chicago") }
{ connecting_flight, flight2,@ (a flight with an intermediate stop and a change of aircraft (possibly a change of airlines)) }
{ direct_flight, flight2,@ (a flight with one or more intermediate stops but no change of aircraft) }
{ [ domestic_flight, international_flight,! ] flight2,@ (a flight that begins and ends in the same country) }
{ [ international_flight, domestic_flight,! ] flight2,@ (a flight that takes off in one country and lands in another) }
{ nonstop_flight, nonstop, flight2,@ (a flight made without intermediate stops between source and destination; "how many nonstops are there to Dallas?") }
{ redeye, redeye_flight, flight2,@ (a night flight from which the passengers emerge with eyes red from lack of sleep; "he took the redeye in order to get home the next morning") }
{ [ flight, verb.motion:flight,+ verb.social:flight,+ ] [ flying, verb.motion:fly5,+ verb.motion:fly4,+ verb.motion:fly1,+ verb.motion:fly,+ verb.contact:fly,+ ] air_travel,@ (an instance of traveling by air; "flying was still an exciting adventure for him") }
{ acrobatics1, aerobatics, [ stunting, verb.creation:stunt,+ ] stunt_flying, flight,@ (the performance of stunts while in flight in an aircraft) }
{ blind_flying, blind_landing, flight,@ (using only instruments for flying an aircraft because you cannot see through clouds or mists etc.) }
{ ballooning, flight,@ (flying in a balloon) }
{ flyover, fly-by, flypast, flight,@ noun.group:military,;c noun.artifact:aircraft,;c (a flight at a low altitude (usually of military aircraft) over spectators on the ground) }
{ [ glide1, verb.motion:glide1,+ ] [ gliding, verb.motion:glide1,+ ] [ sailplaning, verb.motion:sailplane,+ ] [ soaring, verb.motion:soar3,+ verb.motion:soar2,+ ] sailing3, flight,@ (the activity of flying a glider) }
{ [ hang_gliding, verb.motion:hang_glide,+ ] glide1,@ (gliding in a hang glider) }
{ [ jump2, verb.motion:jump12,+ ] [ parachuting, verb.motion:parachute,+ ] descent,@ (descent with a parachute; "he had done a lot of parachuting in the army") }
{ [ skydiving, verb.motion:skydive,+ ] parachuting,@ (performing acrobatics in free fall before pulling the ripcord of a parachute) }
{ maiden_flight, flight,@ (the first flight of its kind; "the Stealth bomber made its maiden flight in 1989") }
{ parasailing, paragliding, glide1,@ (gliding in a parasail) }
{ overflight, flight,@ (a flight by an aircraft over a particular area (especially over an area in foreign territory)) }
{ pass6, flight,@ (a flight or run by an aircraft over a target; "the plane turned to make a second pass") }
{ [ solo, verb.motion:solo,+ ] flight,@ (a flight in which the aircraft pilot is unaccompanied) }
{ sortie1, flight,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) an operational flight by a single aircraft (as in a military operation)) }
{ [ touchdown1, verb.motion:touch_down,+ ] landing1,@ (a landing (as the wheels touch the landing field); especially of airplanes) }
{ aircraft_landing, airplane_landing, landing1,@ (landing an aircraft) }
{ ground-controlled_approach, GCA, aircraft_landing,@ (aircraft landing in bad weather in which the pilot is talked down by ground control using precision approach radar) }
{ crash_landing, forced_landing,@ noun.artifact:aircraft,;c (an emergency landing under circumstances where a normal landing is impossible (usually damaging the aircraft)) }
{ three-point_landing, aircraft_landing,@ (a landing in which all three wheels of the aircraft touch the ground at the same time) }
{ instrument_landing, aircraft_landing,@ (an aircraft landing made entirely by means of instruments) }
{ splashdown, landing1,@ (a landing of a spacecraft in the sea at the end of a space flight) }
{ [ takeoff, verb.motion:take_off,+ ] departure,@ (a departure; especially of airplanes) }
{ tailspin, spin2, aerobatics,@ (rapid descent of an aircraft in a steep spiral) }
{ terrain_flight, low_level_flight, flight,@ (flight at very low altitudes) }
{ [ journey, verb.motion:journey1,+ verb.motion:journey,+ ] [ journeying, verb.motion:journey,+ ] travel,@ (the act of traveling from one place to another) }
{ stage, leg, travel,@ journey,#p (a section or portion of a journey or course; "then we embarked on the second stage of our Caribbean cruise") }
{ staging, travel,@ (travel by stagecoach) }
{ leg1, noun.attribute:distance1,@ navigation1,;c ((nautical) the distance traveled by a sailing vessel on a single tack) }
{ fare-stage, stage,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a section along the route of a bus for which the fare is the same) }
{ commute, journey,@ (a regular journey of some distance to and from your place of work; "there is standing room only on the high-speed commute") }
{ [ drive, verb.motion:drive11,+ verb.motion:drive9,+ verb.social:drive13,+ verb.stative:drive,+ verb.motion:drive2,+ verb.motion:drive,+ verb.motion:drive1,+ ] [ ride, verb.motion:ride7,+ verb.motion:ride4,+ verb.stative:ride3,+ verb.stative:ride,+ verb.motion:ride,+ verb.motion:ride1,+ ] journey,@ (a journey in a vehicle (usually an automobile); "he took the family for a drive in his new car") }
{ long_haul, journey,@ (a journey over a long distance; "it's a long haul from New York to Los Angeles") }
{ mush, journey,@ (a journey by dogsled) }
{ odyssey, journey,@ (a long wandering and eventful journey) }
{ [ trip, verb.motion:trip2,+ ] journey,@ (a journey for some purpose (usually including the return); "he took a trip to the shopping center") }
{ junket1, trip,@ (a trip taken by an official at public expense) }
{ round_trip, trip,@ (a trip to some place and back again) }
{ [ run4, verb.motion:run9,+ verb.possession:run6,+ ] trip,@ (a regular trip; "the ship made its run in record time") }
{ [ run5, verb.change:run4,+ ] trip,@ (a short trip; "take a run into town") }
{ passage, [ transit, verb.motion:transit,+ ] journey,@ (a journey usually by ship; "the outward passage took 10 days") }
{ lift3, drive,@ (a ride in a car; "he gave me a lift home") }
{ [ joyride, verb.motion:joyride,+ ] drive,@ (a ride in a car taken solely for pleasure; "they took their girlfriends for joyrides in stolen cars") }
{ spin1, drive,@ (a short drive in a car; "he took the new car for a spin") }
{ expedition, journey,@ (a journey organized for a particular purpose) }
{ scouting_trip, expedition,@ (an expedition undertaken to gain information) }
{ campaign1, hunting_expedition, safari, expedition,@ noun.object:Africa,;r (an overland journey by hunters (especially in Africa)) }
{ [ exploration2, verb.cognition:explore1,+ ] geographic_expedition, expedition,@ (to travel for the purpose of discovery) }
{ [ digression1, verb.motion:digress,+ ] [ excursion1, noun.person:excursionist,+ ] journey,@ (wandering from the main path of a journey) }
{ trek, trip,@ (any long and difficult trip) }
{ schlep, shlep, journey,@ (a tedious or difficult journey) }
{ trek1, journey,@ noun.location:South_Africa,;r (a journey by ox wagon (especially an organized migration by a group of settlers)) }
{ [ tour, noun.person:tourist,+ verb.motion:tour,+ ] [ circuit, verb.motion:circuit,+ ] journey,@ (a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area; "they took an extended tour of Europe"; "we took a quick circuit of the park"; "a ten-day coach circuit of the island") }
{ grand_tour, tour,@ (a sightseeing tour of a building or institution) }
{ grand_tour1, tour,@ (an extended cultural tour of Europe taken by wealthy young Englishmen (especially in the 18th century) as part of their education) }
{ itineration, tour,@ (journeying from place to place preaching or lecturing; a preaching tour or lecturing tour) }
{ on_the_road, on_tour, travel,@ (travelling about; "they took the show on the road"; "they lost all their games on the road") }
{ pilgrimage, pilgrim's_journey, journey,@ (a journey to a sacred place) }
{ [ excursion, noun.person:excursionist,+ ] [ jaunt, verb.motion:jaunt,+ ] outing, [ junket, verb.motion:junket,+ ] pleasure_trip, expedition2, sashay2, journey,@ (a journey taken for pleasure; "many summer excursions to the shore"; "it was merely a pleasure trip"; "after cautious sashays into the field") }
{ [ junketing, verb.motion:junket,+ ] travel,@ (taking an excursion for pleasure) }
{ airing1, excursion,@ (a short excursion (a walk or ride) in the open air; "he took the dogs for an airing") }
{ field_trip, excursion,@ (a group excursion (to a museum or the woods or some historic place) for firsthand examination) }
{ [ voyage, verb.motion:voyage,+ ] journey,@ (a journey to some distant place) }
{ way2, journey,@ (a journey or passage; "they are on the way") }
{ ocean_trip, [ voyage1, verb.motion:voyage,+ ] water_travel,@ (an act of traveling by water) }
{ [ cruise, verb.motion:cruise1,+ ] [ sail, verb.motion:sail2,+ verb.motion:sail,+ verb.motion:sail3,+ ] ocean_trip,@ (an ocean trip taken for pleasure) }
{ maiden_voyage, ocean_trip,@ (the first voyage of its kind; "in 1912 the ocean liner Titanic sank on its maiden voyage") }
{ [ crossing, verb.motion:cross,+ ] voyage,@ (a voyage across a body of water (usually across the Atlantic Ocean)) }
{ [ lockage, verb.motion:lock4,+ ] passage,@ (passage through a lock in a canal or waterway) }
{ spaceflight, space_travel, spacefaring, voyage,@ (a voyage outside the Earth's atmosphere) }
{ water_travel, seafaring1, travel,@ (travel by water) }
{ [ sailing, verb.motion:sail,+ ] water_travel,@ (riding in a sailboat) }
{ [ luff, verb.motion:luff,+ verb.motion:luff1,+ ] sailing,@ (the act of sailing close to the wind) }
{ [ beat, verb.motion:beat1,+ ] sailing,@ (the act of beating to windward; sailing as close as possible to the direction from which the wind is blowing) }
{ ministry, employment,@ (the work of a minister of religion; "he is studying for the ministry") }
{ tack, sailing,@ (sailing a zigzag course) }
{ seafaring, [ navigation1, adj.pert:navigational,+ ] sailing1, employment,@ (the work of a sailor) }
{ cabotage, seafaring,@ (navigation in coastal waters) }
{ [ boating, verb.motion:boat,+ ] [ yachting, verb.motion:yacht,+ ] water_travel,@ (water travel for pleasure) }
{ bareboating, boating,@ (boating by chartering a bareboat and providing your own crew and provisions; "we saved money by bareboating") }
{ [ commutation, verb.motion:commute,+ ] [ commuting, verb.motion:commute,+ ] travel,@ (the travel of a commuter) }
{ displacement3, [ deracination1, verb.social:deracinate,+ verb.contact:deracinate,+ ] movement2,@ (to move something from its natural environment) }
{ [ transportation, verb.contact:transport,+ ] [ transport1, verb.contact:transport,+ ] [ transfer, verb.possession:transfer1,+ ] [ transferral, verb.possession:transfer1,+ verb.contact:transfer,+ ] [ conveyance1, verb.motion:convey,+ verb.contact:convey,+ ] movement2,@ (the act of moving something from one location to another) }
{ [ transshipment, verb.motion:transship,+ ] transfer,@ (the transfer from one conveyance to another for shipment)}
{ [ airlift, verb.contact:airlift,+ ] [ lift4, verb.motion:lift,+ ] transportation,@ (transportation of people or goods by air (especially when other means of access are unavailable)) }
{ Berlin_airlift, airlift,@i (airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin) }
{ [ connection1, verb.stative:connect5,+ ] [ connexion1, verb.stative:connect5,+ ] transportation,@ (shifting from one form of transportation to another; "the plane was late and he missed his connection in Atlanta") }
{ [ delivery4, verb.contact:deliver,+ ] bringing, transportation,@ (the act of delivering or distributing something (as goods or mail); "his reluctant delivery of bad news") }
{ cattle_drive, drive6,@ (driving a bovine herd (as cows or bulls or steers)) }
{ drive6, transportation,@ (the act of driving a herd of animals overland) }
{ airdrop, delivery4,@ (delivery of supplies or equipment or personnel by dropping them by parachute from an aircraft; "until then, front line troops will be supplied by airdrop") }
{ [ consignment1, verb.possession:consign2,+ ] delivery4,@ (the delivery of goods for sale or disposal) }
{ [ passage2, verb.possession:pass,+ ] handing_over, delivery4,@ (the act of passing something to another person) }
{ [ post1, adj.pert:postal,+ verb.communication:post2,+ ] delivery4,@ (the delivery and collection of letters and packages; "it came by the first post"; "if you hurry you'll catch the post") }
{ service4, serving, service_of_process, delivery4,@ (the act of delivering a writ or summons upon someone; "he accepted service of the subpoena") }
{ [ relay, verb.communication:relay,+ ] passage2,@ (the act of passing something along from one person or group to another; "the relay was successful") }
{ [ carry, verb.stative:carry15,+ verb.stative:carry12,+ verb.stative:carry3,+ verb.stative:carry1,+ verb.social:carry,+ verb.possession:carry13,+ verb.motion:carry10,+ verb.motion:carry7,+ verb.motion:carry3,+ verb.contact:carry2,+ verb.contact:carry1,+ verb.competition:carry4,+ verb.competition:carry3,+ verb.communication:carry2,+ verb.change:carry5,+ ] transportation,@ (the act of carrying something) }
{ [ pickup1, verb.motion:pick_up,+ ] acquiring,@ transportation,#p (the act of taking aboard passengers or freight) }
{ [ packing1, verb.motion:pack1,+ verb.contact:pack8,+ ] backpacking, carry,@ (carrying something in a pack on the back; "the backpacking of oxygen is essential for astronauts") }
{ piggyback, carry,@ (the act of carrying something piggyback) }
{ fireman's_carry, carry,@ (the act of carrying a person over your shoulder) }
{ [ portage, verb.contact:port7,+ ] carry,@ (carrying boats and supplies overland) }
{ [ porterage, verb.contact:porter,+ ] carry,@ (the transportation of burdens by porters) }
{ [ pursuit, verb.motion:pursue,+ ] [ chase, verb.social:chase,+ verb.motion:chase,+ ] pursual, [ following1, verb.motion:follow13,+ verb.motion:follow,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture; "the culprit started to run and the cop took off in pursuit") }
{ [ trailing, verb.motion:trail,+ ] [ tracking, verb.motion:track,+ ] pursuit,@ noun.Tops:animal,;c (the pursuit (of a person or animal) by following tracks or marks they left behind) }
{ [ shadowing, verb.motion:shadow,+ ] [ tailing, verb.motion:tail,+ ] pursuit,@ (the act of following someone secretly) }
{ [ stalk1, verb.motion:stalk1,+ ] stalking1, pursuit,@ (the act of following prey stealthily) }
{ wild-goose_chase, noun.cognition:pursuit,@ (the fruitless pursuit of something unattainable) }
{ [ insertion, verb.contact:insert1,+ verb.contact:insert,+ verb.change:insert,+ ] [ introduction, verb.contact:introduce,+ verb.change:introduce3,+ ] [ intromission, verb.social:intromit,+ ] movement2,@ (the act of putting one thing into another) }
{ [ cannulation, verb.contact:cannulate,+ ] [ canulation, verb.contact:canulate,+ ] [ cannulization, verb.contact:cannulise,+ verb.contact:cannulate,+ ] [ cannulisation, verb.contact:cannulize,+ verb.contact:cannulate,+ ] [ canulization, verb.contact:cannulate,+ ] [ canulisation, verb.contact:cannulate,+ ] [ intubation, verb.contact:intubate,+ ] insertion,@ (the insertion of a cannula or tube into a hollow body organ) }
{ [ catheterization, verb.change:catheterize,+ ] [ catheterisation, verb.change:catheterise,+ ] operation,@ (the operation of introducing a catheter into the body) }
{ [ instillation, verb.contact:instill1,+ ] [ instillment, verb.contact:instill1,+ ] [ instilment, verb.contact:instil1,+ ] insertion,@ (the introduction of a liquid (by pouring or injection) drop by drop) }
{ [ enclosure, verb.contact:enclose1,+ verb.contact:enclose,+ ] [ enclosing, verb.contact:enclose1,+ ] [ envelopment, verb.contact:envelop,+ ] [ inclosure, verb.change:inclose,+ ] insertion,@ (the act of enclosing something inside something else) }
{ [ packing, verb.contact:pack,+ ] [ boxing1, verb.contact:box2,+ ] enclosure,@ (the enclosure of something in a package or box) }
{ bundling, packing,@ (the act of binding something into a bundle) }
{ [ encasement, verb.contact:encase,+ ] [ incasement, verb.contact:incase,+ ] enclosure,@ (the act of enclosing something in a case) }
{ [ injection, verb.contact:inject,+ ] insertion,@ (the forceful insertion of a substance under pressure) }
{ epidural_injection, injection,@ (injection of an anesthetic substance into the epidural space of the spinal cord in order to produce epidural anesthesia) }
{ intradermal_injection, injection1,@ (an injection into the skin) }
{ intramuscular_injection, injection1,@ (an injection into a muscle) }
{ intravenous_injection, injection1,@ (an injection into a vein) }
{ fix3, intravenous_injection,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u (something craved, especially an intravenous injection of a narcotic drug; "she needed a fix of chocolate") }
{ subcutaneous_injection, injection1,@ (an injection under the skin) }
{ [ infusion, verb.body:infuse,+ ] instillation,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)) }
{ exchange_transfusion, transfusion,@ (slow removal of a person's blood and its replacement with equal amounts of a donor's blood) }
{ transfusion1, action2,@ (the action of pouring a liquid from one vessel to another) }
{ [ transfusion, verb.body:transfuse1,+ ] blood_transfusion, insertion,@ (the introduction of blood or blood plasma into a vein or artery) }
{ [ perfusion, verb.change:perfuse1,+ ] insertion,@ (pumping a liquid into an organ or tissue (especially by way of blood vessels)) }
{ [ rise, verb.body:rise8,+ verb.motion:rise5,+ verb.motion:rise,+ ] [ ascent, verb.motion:ascend2,+ ] [ ascension, adj.pert:ascensional,+ verb.motion:ascend2,+ ] ascending, motion1,@ (the act of changing location in an upward direction) }
{ levitation, rise,@ (the act of raising (a body) from the ground by presumably spiritualistic means) }
{ [ heave1, verb.contact:heave,+ ] [ heaving3, verb.contact:heave,+ ] rise,@ (the act of lifting something with great effort) }
{ [ funambulism, noun.person:funambulist,+ ] tightrope_walking, sport,@ (walking on a tightrope or slack rope) }
{ [ climb, verb.motion:climb,+ ] [ mount, verb.motion:mount,+ verb.change:mount,+ ] rise,@ (the act of climbing something; "it was a difficult climb to the top") }
{ [ scaling3, verb.possession:scale,+ verb.motion:scale,+ ] climb,@ (ascent by or as if by a ladder) }
{ [ clamber, verb.motion:clamber,+ ] climb,@ (an awkward climb; "reaching the crest was a real clamber") }
{ [ escalade, verb.motion:escalade,+ ] scaling3,@ (an act of scaling by the use of ladders (especially the walls of a fortification)) }
{ mountain_climbing, [ mountaineering, verb.motion:mountaineer,+ ] climb,@ (the activity of climbing a mountain) }
{ [ Alpinism, noun.person:alpinist,+ ] mountain_climbing,@ (mountain climbing (not restricted to the Alps)) }
{ rock_climbing, sport,@ climb,@ (the sport or pastime of scaling rock masses on mountain sides (especially with the help of ropes and special equipment)) }
{ [ soar, verb.motion:soar,+ verb.motion:soar3,+ ] [ zoom, verb.motion:zoom3,+ ] rise,@ (the act of rising upward into the air) }
{ descent, motion1,@ (the act of changing your location in a downward direction) }
{ dive, nose_dive, nosedive, descent,@ (a steep nose-down descent by an aircraft) }
{ rappel, abseil, descent,@ mountain_climbing,;c ((mountaineering) a descent of a vertical cliff or wall made by using a doubled rope that is fixed to a higher point and wrapped around the body) }
{ [ swoop, verb.motion:swoop,+ ] descent,@ (a swift descent through the air) }
{ power_dive, dive,@ (a dive of an airplane that is accelerated both by gravity and by the power of the engine) }
{ crash_dive, descent,@ (a rapid descent by a submarine) }
{ [ drop, verb.motion:drop1,+ ] descent,@ (the act of dropping something; "they expected the drop would be successful") }
{ [ flop, adj.all:lax1^floppy,+ verb.motion:flop1,+ ] collapse1, descent,@ (the act of throwing yourself down; "he landed on the bed with a great flop") }
{ [ lowering1, verb.motion:lower,+ ] letting_down, movement2,@ (the act of causing something to move to a lower level) }
{ [ swing, verb.motion:swing3,+ verb.motion:swing,+ ] [ swinging, verb.stative:swing,+ ] [ vacillation, verb.motion:vacillate,+ ] motion1,@ (changing location by moving back and forth) }
{ [ return, verb.motion:return12,+ verb.motion:return,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of going back to a prior location; "they set out on their return to the base camp") }
{ [ reentry, verb.motion:re-enter,+ ] return,@ (the act of entering again) }
{ [ remand, verb.social:remand,+ ] return,@ (the act of sending an accused person back into custody to await trial (or the continuation of the trial)) }
{ [ slide, verb.motion:slide2,+ verb.motion:slide1,+ ] [ glide, verb.motion:glide2,+ verb.motion:glide,+ ] [ coast, verb.motion:coast,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of moving smoothly along a surface while remaining in contact with it; "his slide didn't stop until the bottom of the hill"; "the children lined up for a coast down the snowy slope") }
{ [ slippage, verb.change:slip3,+ ] motion1,@ (failing to hold or slipping out of place; "the knots allowed no slippage") }
{ [ skid, verb.motion:skid,+ verb.motion:skid3,+ ] [ slip4, adj.all:slippy,+ verb.change:slip3,+ verb.motion:slip,+ verb.motion:slip1,+ ] sideslip, slide,@ (an unexpected slide) }
{ [ flow, verb.stative:flow,+ verb.motion:flow2,+ verb.motion:flow,+ verb.motion:flow1,+ ] [ stream, verb.motion:stream,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of flowing or streaming; continuous progression) }
{ [ snowboarding, verb.motion:snowboard,+ ] slide,@ (the act of sliding down a snow-covered slope while standing on a snowboard) }
{ [ spill, verb.contact:spill1,+ verb.motion:spill,+ verb.contact:spill4,+ ] [ spillage, verb.contact:spill4,+ ] [ release3, verb.contact:release1,+ ] flow,@ (the act of allowing a fluid to escape) }
{ flood1, [ overflow, verb.motion:overflow,+ ] outpouring, flow,@ (a large flow) }
{ [ effusion, verb.change:effuse1,+ ] outpouring,@ (flow under pressure) }
{ [ crawl3, verb.motion:crawl,+ ] motion1,@ (a very slow movement; "the traffic advanced at a crawl") }
{ [ speed, adj.all:fast1^speedy,+ verb.motion:speed,+ verb.change:speed2,+ verb.motion:speed1,+ verb.change:speed,+ ] [ speeding, verb.motion:speed3,+ verb.motion:speed1,+ ] [ hurrying, verb.motion:hurry,+ ] motion1,@ (changing location rapidly) }
{ [ acceleration, deceleration,! verb.change:accelerate1,+ ] [ quickening, verb.change:quicken1,+ ] [ speedup, verb.change:speed_up,+ verb.change:speed_up1,+ ] speed,@ (the act of accelerating; increasing the speed) }
{ [ deceleration, acceleration,! ] speed,@ (the act of decelerating; decreasing the speed; "he initiated deceleration by braking") }
{ [ scud, verb.motion:scud1,+ ] [ scudding, verb.motion:scud1,+ ] speed,@ (the act of moving along swiftly (as before a gale)) }
{ [ translation1, verb.motion:translate4,+ ] displacement2, motion1,@ (the act of uniform movement) }
{ [ transplant1, verb.stative:transplant,+ verb.motion:transplant,+ ] [ transplantation, verb.motion:transplant,+ ] [ transplanting, verb.motion:transplant,+ ] movement2,@ (the act of removing something from one location and introducing it in another location; "the transplant did not flower until the second year"; "too frequent transplanting is not good for families"; "she returned to Alabama because she could not bear transplantation") }
{ troop_movement, movement2,@ noun.group:military,;c (movement of military units to a new location) }
{ [ shift, adj.all:unsteady^shifty,+ verb.motion:shift3,+ verb.motion:shift4,+ verb.motion:shift1,+ verb.motion:shift2,+ verb.motion:shift,+ ] [ shifting, verb.motion:shift1,+ verb.motion:shift,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of moving from one place to another; "his constant shifting disrupted the class") }

{ [ motion, verb.motion:move,+ ] [ movement, verb.motion:move,+ ] [ move3, verb.motion:move,+ ] motility, change,@ (a change of position that does not entail a change of location; "the reflex motion of his eyebrows revealed his surprise"; "movement is a sign of life"; "an impatient move of his hand"; "gastrointestinal motility") }
{ [ abduction1, verb.contact:abduct,+ ] motion,@ noun.cognition:physiology,;c ((physiology) moving of a body part away from the central axis of the body) }
{ [ adduction, verb.contact:adduct,+ ] motion,@ noun.cognition:physiology,;c ((physiology) moving of a body part toward the central axis of the body) }
{ agitation1, motion,@ (the act of agitating something; causing it to move around (usually vigorously)) }
{ body_English, motion,@ (a motion of the body by a player as if to make an object already propelled go in the desired direction) }
{ circumduction, motion,@ (a circular movement of a limb or eye) }
{ [ disturbance, verb.contact:disturb,+ ] motion,@ (the act of disturbing something or someone; setting something in motion) }
{ fetal_movement, foetal_movement, motion,@ noun.state:pregnancy,;c (motion of a fetus within the uterus (usually detected by the 16th week of pregnancy)) }
{ [ flit, verb.motion:flit,+ ] [ dart, verb.motion:dart2,+ verb.motion:dart,+ verb.motion:dart1,+ ] motion,@ (a sudden quick movement) }
{ [ gesture, verb.communication:gesture,+ verb.communication:gesticulate,+ ] motion,@ (motion of hands or body to emphasize or help to express a thought or feeling) }
{ headshake, headshaking, motion,@ (the act of turning your head left and right to signify denial or disbelief or bemusement; "I could tell from their headshakes that they didn't believe me") }
{ [ jab1, verb.contact:jab1,+ ] [ jabbing, verb.contact:jab,+ ] [ poke1, verb.contact:poke,+ verb.contact:poke1,+ ] [ poking, verb.contact:poke1,+ ] [ thrust2, verb.contact:thrust8,+ ] [ thrusting, verb.motion:thrust1,+ ] gesture,@ (a sharp hand gesture (resembling a blow); "he warned me with a jab with his finger"; "he made a thrusting motion with his fist") }
{ mudra, gesture,@ (ritual hand movement in Hindu religious dancing) }

{ [ inclination, verb.motion:incline1,+ ] [ inclining, verb.perception:incline,+ verb.motion:incline1,+ ] motion,@ (the act of inclining; bending forward; "an inclination of his head indicated his agreement") }
{ [ inversion1, verb.change:invert,+ ] [ eversion, verb.motion:evert,+ ] [ everting, verb.motion:evert,+ ] motion,@ (the act of turning inside out) }
{ [ inversion, verb.change:invert,+ ] [ upending, verb.motion:upend,+ verb.contact:upend,+ ] motion,@ (turning upside down; setting on end) }
{ [ jerk, adj.all:unsteady^jerky,+ verb.contact:jerk,+ verb.motion:jerk1,+ verb.body:jerk,+ verb.motion:jerk,+ verb.contact:jerk1,+ ] [ jerking, verb.motion:jerk,+ verb.body:jerk,+ ] [ jolt, adj.all:jolty,+ verb.motion:jolt,+ ] saccade1, motion,@ (an abrupt spasmodic movement) }
{ [ bob, verb.communication:bob,+ ] inclination,@ (a short abrupt inclination (as of the head); "he gave me a short bob of acknowledgement") }
{ [ nod, verb.body:nod3,+ verb.communication:nod,+ ] inclination,@ (the act of nodding the head) }
{ [ nutation, verb.motion:nutate,+ ] nod,@ (uncontrolled nodding) }
{ [ stoop, verb.contact:stoop2,+ verb.motion:stoop,+ ] inclination,@ (an inclination of the top half of the body forward and downward) }
{ [ kick1, verb.motion:kick,+ ] kicking1, motion,@ (a rhythmic thrusting movement of the legs as in swimming or calisthenics; "the kick must be synchronized with the arm movements"; "the swimmer's kicking left a wake behind him") }
{ [ kneel, verb.contact:kneel,+ ] [ kneeling, verb.contact:kneel,+ ] motion,@ (supporting yourself on your knees) }
{ [ lurch2, verb.motion:lurch,+ ] [ pitch4, verb.motion:pitch3,+ ] [ pitching1, verb.motion:pitch3,+ ] motion,@ noun.artifact:ship,;c (abrupt up-and-down motion (as caused by a ship or other conveyance); "the pitching and tossing was quite exciting") }
{ eye_movement, motion,@ (the movement of the eyes) }
{ nystagmus, eye_movement,@ (involuntary movements of the eyeballs; its presence or absence is used to diagnose a variety of neurological and visual disorders) }
{ physiological_nystagmus, nystagmus,@ (small involuntary tremors of the eyeballs; when it is eliminated by stabilizing the image on the retina, visual perception fades rapidly from fatigue of the retinal receptors) }
{ rotational_nystagmus, nystagmus,@ (nystagmus caused by the body rotating rapidly; large slow movements of the eyeballs are in the direction of rotation) }
{ [ saccade, adj.pert:saccadic,+ ] eye_movement,@ (a rapid, jerky movement of the eyes between positions of rest) }
{ post-rotational_nystagmus, nystagmus,@ (nystagmus caused by suddenly stopping the rapid rotation of the body; large slow movements of the eyeballs are in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation) }
{ [ opening1, verb.contact:open,+ closing1,! ] motion,@ (the act of opening something; "the ray of light revealed his cautious opening of the door") }
{ [ rearrangement, verb.change:rearrange,+ ] arrangement1,@ (changing an arrangement) }
{ [ juggle1, verb.social:juggle,+ verb.social:juggle1,+ ] [ juggling1, verb.social:juggle1,+ ] rearrangement,@ (the act of rearranging things to give a misleading impression) }
{ musical_chairs1, rearrangement,@ (a rearrangement that has no practical effect or significance; "the company is looking for stability after years of musical chairs with directors"; "shareholders don't want the company playing musical chairs with their investment") }
{ [ reordering, verb.cognition:reorder,+ ] rearrangement,@ (a rearrangement in a different order) }
{ [ permutation2, verb.change:permute,+ ] reordering,@ (act of changing the lineal order of objects in a group) }
{ [ transposition, verb.change:transpose,+ ] reversal3, reordering,@ (the act of reversing the order or place of) }
{ transposition3, rearrangement,@ noun.phenomenon:electricity,;c ((electricity) a rearrangement of the relative positions of power lines in order to minimize the effects of mutual capacitance and inductance; "he wrote a textbook on the electrical effects of transposition") }
{ [ passing, verb.motion:pass1,+ ] [ overtaking, verb.motion:overtake,+ verb.competition:overtake,+ ] reordering,@ (going by something that is moving in order to get in front of it; "she drove but well but her reckless passing of every car on the road frightened me") }
{ [ shuffle, verb.contact:shuffle,+ ] [ shuffling, verb.contact:shuffle,+ ] make, reordering,@ card_game,#p (the act of mixing cards haphazardly) }
{ [ reshuffle, verb.contact:reshuffle,+ ] [ reshuffling, verb.contact:reshuffle,+ ] shuffle,@ cards,;c (shuffling again; "the gambler demanded a reshuffle") }
{ [ riffle, verb.contact:riffle,+ ] shuffle,@ (shuffling by splitting the pack and interweaving the two halves at their corners) }
{ [ twiddle, verb.motion:twiddle,+ ] twist3,@ (a series of small (usually idle) twists or turns) }
{ [ prostration, verb.motion:prostrate,+ verb.contact:prostrate,+ ] motion,@ (the act of assuming a prostrate position) }
{ [ reach, verb.contact:reach,+ ] [ reaching1, verb.contact:reach,+ ] [ stretch1, verb.body:stretch2,+ ] motion,@ (the act of physically reaching or thrusting out) }
{ [ reciprocation1, verb.motion:reciprocate,+ ] motion,@ (alternating back-and-forth movement) }
{ [ reclining, verb.motion:recline,+ verb.contact:recline,+ ] motion,@ (the act of assuming or maintaining a reclining position) }
{ [ retraction, verb.contact:retract,+ ] motion,@ (the act of pulling or holding or drawing a part back; "the retraction of the landing gear"; "retraction of the foreskin") }
{ [ retroflection, verb.motion:retroflex,+ ] [ retroflexion, verb.motion:retroflex,+ ] motion,@ (the act of bending backward) }
{ [ rotation, verb.motion:rotate1,+ verb.motion:rotate,+ ] rotary_motion, motion,@ (the act of rotating as if on an axis; "the rotation of the dancer kept time with the music") }
{ [ circumvolution, verb.motion:circumvolve,+ ] rotation,@ (the act of turning or winding or folding around a central axis) }
{ [ feather, verb.competition:feather2,+ verb.competition:feather,+ ] [ feathering, verb.competition:feather,+ ] rotation,@ rowing,#p (turning an oar parallel to the water between pulls) }
{ [ gyration, verb.motion:gyrate1,+ verb.motion:gyrate,+ ] [ whirling, verb.motion:whirl1,+ ] rotation,@ (the act of rotating in a circle or spiral) }
{ [ pivot, verb.motion:pivot,+ ] rotation,@ (the act of turning on (or as if on) a pivot; "the golfer went to the driving range to practice his pivot") }
{ [ pronation, verb.motion:pronate,+ supination,! ] rotation,@ (rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face downward) }
{ [ spin, verb.motion:spin2,+ verb.motion:spin1,+ ] [ twirl, verb.motion:twirl1,+ verb.motion:twirl,+ ] [ twist2, verb.contact:twist6,+ verb.contact:twist,+ ] twisting1, [ whirl2, verb.motion:whirl4,+ verb.motion:whirl2,+ ] rotation,@ (the act of rotating rapidly; "he gave the crank a spin"; "it broke off after much twisting") }
{ [ spiral, verb.motion:spiral1,+ ] rotation,@ (flying downward in a helical path with a large radius) }
{ [ pirouette, verb.motion:pirouette,+ ] spin,@ ballet,;c ((ballet) a rapid spin of the body (especially on the toes as in ballet)) }
{ birling, logrolling, spin,@ sport,;c (rotating a log rapidly in the water (as a competitive sport)) }
{ [ shutting, verb.contact:shut,+ ] [ closing1, verb.perception:close10,+ verb.contact:close11,+ verb.contact:close7,+ verb.contact:close6,+ verb.contact:close,+ opening1,! ] motion,@ (the act of closing something) }
{ [ sitting, verb.contact:sit,+ ] motion,@ (the act of assuming or maintaining a seated position; "he read the mystery at one sitting") }
{ [ sitting1, verb.perception:sit,+ ] [ posing, verb.perception:pose,+ ] motion,@ photography,;c ((photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait); "he wanted his portrait painted but couldn't spare time for the sitting") }
{ [ snap3, adj.all:cold1^snappy,+ verb.contact:snap2,+ verb.perception:snap,+ ] motion,@ (the act of snapping the fingers; movement of a finger from the tip to the base of the thumb on the same hand; "he gave his fingers a snap") } 
{ [ squat, verb.contact:squat,+ ] [ squatting, verb.contact:squat,+ ] motion,@ (the act of assuming or maintaining a crouching position with the knees bent and the buttocks near the heels) }
{ [ sweep1, verb.contact:sweep3,+ verb.motion:sweep,+ verb.motion:sweep1,+ ] motion,@ (a movement in an arc; "a sweep of his arm") }
{ [ supination, verb.motion:supinate,+ pronation,! ] rotation,@ (rotation of the hands and forearms so that the palms face upward) }
{ twist3, [ turn7, verb.motion:turn2,+ ] rotation,@ (turning or twisting around (in place); "with a quick twist of his head he surveyed the room") }
{ [ wind, verb.contact:wind,+ ] winding, twist4, rotation,@ (the act of winding or twisting; "he put the key in the old clock and gave it a good wind") }
{ [ toss2, verb.motion:toss1,+ ] motion,@ (an abrupt movement; "a toss of his head") }
{ [ vibration, adj.pert:vibrational,+ verb.motion:vibrate1,+ ] [ quiver, verb.motion:quiver,+ ] quivering, motion,@ (the act of vibrating) }
{ [ wave2, verb.motion:wave,+ ] motion,@ (a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon; "a wave of settlers"; "troops advancing in waves") }
{ change_of_direction, [ reorientation, verb.motion:reorient,+ verb.change:reorient,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing the direction in which something is oriented) }
{ [ turn2, verb.motion:turn,+ ] change_of_direction,@ (the act of turning away or in the opposite direction; "he made an abrupt turn away from her") }
{ reversion1, [ reverse1, adj.all:backward1^reverse2,+ verb.change:reverse1,+ verb.change:reverse,+ ] [ reversal4, verb.change:reverse1,+ ] turnabout, turnaround, change_of_direction,@ (turning in the opposite direction) }
{ [ about-face2, verb.motion:about-face,+ ] about_turn, reversal4,@ (act of pivoting 180 degrees, especially in a military formation) }
{ u-turn, reversal4,@ (complete reversal of direction of travel) }
{ [ shaking, verb.motion:shake,+ ] agitation1,@ (the act of causing something to move up and down (or back and forth) with quick movements) }
{ [ joggle, verb.motion:joggle,+ ] [ jiggle, verb.motion:jiggle,+ ] shaking,@ (a slight irregular shaking motion) }
{ stirring, agitation1,@ (agitating a liquid with an implement; "constant stirring prevents it from burning on the bottom of the pan") }
{ [ wag, verb.motion:wag,+ ] [ waggle, verb.motion:waggle1,+ verb.motion:waggle,+ ] [ shake1, verb.motion:shake2,+ verb.motion:shake,+ ] agitation1,@ (causing to move repeatedly from side to side) }
{ worrying1, agitation1,@ (the act of moving something by repeated tugs or pushes; "vigorous worrying finally loosened the saw") }
{ [ rock, adj.all:rocky,+ verb.motion:rock6,+ verb.motion:rock,+ ] [ careen, verb.motion:careen1,+ verb.motion:careen,+ ] [ sway1, verb.motion:sway6,+ verb.motion:sway1,+ verb.motion:sway,+ ] [ tilt1, verb.motion:tilt2,+ verb.motion:tilt1,+ verb.motion:tilt,+ ] lurch2,@ (pitching dangerously to one side) }
{ [ upset2, verb.motion:upset,+ ] [ overturn, verb.motion:overturn1,+ verb.motion:overturn,+ ] [ turnover, verb.motion:turn_over,+ verb.motion:turn_over2,+ ] inversion,@ (the act of upsetting something; "he was badly bruised by the upset of his sled at a high speed") }
{ [ waver, verb.motion:waver3,+ verb.motion:waver2,+ verb.motion:waver1,+ verb.motion:waver,+ ] [ flutter, verb.motion:flutter1,+ verb.motion:flutter2,+ ] [ flicker, verb.motion:flicker,+ ] motion,@ (the act of moving back and forth) }
{ tremor, [ shudder, verb.motion:shudder,+ verb.body:shudder,+ ] vibration,@ (an involuntary vibration (as if from illness or fear)) }
{ outreach, reach,@ (the act of reaching out; "the outreach toward truth of the human spirit") }
{ [ standing, verb.contact:stand,+ ] motion,@ (the act of assuming or maintaining an erect upright position) }
{ [ straddle, verb.stative:straddle1,+ ] span, motion,@ (the act of sitting or standing astride) }
{ stroke3, motion,@ (a single complete movement) }
{ keystroke, key_stroke, stroke3,@ (the stroke of a key; one depression of a key on a keyboard; "the number of keystrokes was used as a measure of work") }
{ [ wiggle, adj.all:moving2^wiggly,+ verb.motion:wiggle,+ ] [ wriggle, adj.all:moving2^wriggly,+ verb.motion:wriggle,+ ] [ squirm, verb.motion:squirm,+ ] motion,@ (the act of wiggling) }

{ change_of_course, change_of_direction,@ (a change in the direction that you are moving) }
{ [ turn1, verb.motion:turn,+ ] [ turning, verb.motion:turn,+ ] change_of_course,@ (the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course; "he took a turn to the right") }
{ [ diversion1, adj.all:indirect^diversionary,+ noun.person:diversionist,+ verb.motion:divert,+ ] [ deviation1, verb.motion:deviate1,+ verb.motion:deviate,+ ] [ digression, verb.communication:digress,+ ] [ deflection, verb.motion:deflect1,+ verb.motion:deflect,+ ] [ deflexion, verb.motion:deflect1,+ verb.motion:deflect,+ ] [ divagation, verb.communication:divagate,+ ] turn1,@ (a turning aside (of your course or attention or concern); "a diversion from the main highway"; "a digression into irrelevant details"; "a deflection from his goal") }
{ red_herring, diversion1,@ (any diversion intended to distract attention from the main issue) }
{ right, turn1,@ (a turn toward the side of the body that is on the south when the person is facing east; "take a right at the corner") }
{ left, turn1,@ (a turn toward the side of the body that is on the north when the person is facing east; "take a left at the corner") }
{ [ tack1, verb.change:tack2,+ ] [ tacking, verb.motion:tack,+ ] change_of_course,@ navigation1,;c ((nautical) the act of changing tack) }

{ change_of_magnitude, change,@ (the act of changing the amount or size of something) }
{ [ decrease, verb.change:decrease,+ increase,!] diminution, [ reduction, verb.change:reduce5,+ verb.change:reduce4,+ verb.change:reduce,+ ] [ step-down, verb.change:step_down4,+ ] change_of_magnitude,@ (the act of decreasing or reducing something) }
{ cut5, reduction,@ (the act of reducing the amount or number; "the mayor proposed extensive cuts in the city budget") }
{ budget_cut, cut5,@ (the act of reducing budgeted expenditures) }
{ pay_cut, salary_cut, cut5,@ (the act of reducing a salary) }
{ cost_cutting, cut5,@ (the act of cutting costs) }
{ price_cutting, price_cut, cut5,@ (cutting the price of merchandise to one lower than the usual or advertised price) }
{ spending_cut, cut5,@ (the act of reducing spending) }
{ tax_cut, cut5,@ (the act of reducing taxation; "the new administration's large tax cut was highly controversial") }
{ [ moderation, verb.communication:moderate6,+ ] mitigation1, decrease,@ (the action of lessening in severity or intensity; "the object being control or moderation of economic depressions") }
{ [ lowering, verb.contact:lower3,+ verb.change:lower,+ ] decrease,@ (the act of causing to become less) }
{ [ tapering, verb.change:taper2,+ ] lowering,@ (the act of gradually lowering the size or amount; "the doctor prescribed the tapering of the dose") }
{ [ cutback, verb.change:cut_back1,+ ] reduction,@ (a reduction in quantity or rate) }
{ service_cutback, cutback,@ (the act of reducing service) }
{ [ devaluation, verb.change:devaluate1,+ verb.change:devaluate,+ verb.change:devalue2,+ verb.change:devalue,+ ] decrease,@ (the reduction of something's value or worth) }
{ [ devitalization, verb.change:devitalize,+ ] [ devitalisation, verb.change:devitalise,+ ] reduction,@ (the act of reducing the vitality of something) }
{ evisceration2, devaluation,@ (altering something (as a legislative act or a statement) in such a manner as to reduce its value; "the adoption of their amendments would have amounted to an evisceration of the act") }
{ [ extenuation, verb.communication:extenuate,+ ] [ mitigation, verb.communication:mitigate,+ ] [ palliation1, verb.communication:palliate,+ ] reduction,@ (to act in such a way as to cause an offense to seem less serious) }
{ spasmolysis, relief1,@ (the relaxation or relief of muscle spasms) }
{ [ easing, verb.body:ease,+ ] [ easement, verb.emotion:ease,+ verb.body:ease,+ ] [ alleviation, verb.body:alleviate,+ ] relief1, reduction,@ (the act of reducing something unpleasant (as pain or annoyance); "he asked the nurse for relief from the constant pain") }
{ [ de-escalation, verb.change:de-escalate1,+ verb.change:de-escalate,+ ] reduction,@ war,;c ((war) a reduction in intensity (of a crisis or a war)) }
{ detente, easing,@ (the easing of tensions or strained relations (especially between nations)) }
{ [ palliation, verb.body:palliate,+ ] easing,@ (easing the severity of a pain or a disease without removing the cause) }
{ [ liberalization, verb.social:liberalize1,+ verb.social:liberalize,+ ] [ liberalisation, verb.social:liberalise1,+ verb.social:liberalise,+ ] [ relaxation1, verb.social:relax1,+ verb.social:relax,+ ] easing,@ (the act of making less strict) }
{ [ minimization, verb.communication:minimize1,+ verb.communication:minimize,+ verb.change:minimize,+ maximization,! ] [ minimisation, verb.communication:minimise1,+ verb.change:minimise,+ ] reduction,@ (the act of reducing something to the least possible amount or degree or position) }
{ [ depletion, verb.consumption:deplete,+ ] decrease,@ (the act of decreasing something markedly) }
{ consumption, using_up, [ expenditure1, verb.consumption:expend,+ ] depletion,@ (the act of consuming something) }
{ burnup, consumption,@ (the amount of fuel used up (as in a nuclear reactor)) }
{ [ exhaustion, verb.possession:exhaust,+ verb.consumption:exhaust,+ verb.change:exhaust,+ verb.body:exhaust,+ ] depletion,@ (the act of exhausting something entirely) }
{ [ compression, verb.contact:compress,+ decompression,! ] [ compressing, verb.contact:compress1,+ verb.contact:compress,+ ] pressure,@ (applying pressure) }
{ [ squeeze, verb.contact:squeeze2,+ verb.contact:squeeze,+ ] [ squeezing, verb.contact:squeeze,+ ] compression,@ (the act of gripping and pressing firmly; "he gave her cheek a playful squeeze") }
{ [ pinch, verb.change:pinch,+ verb.contact:pinch1,+ verb.contact:pinch,+ ] [ tweak, verb.contact:tweak,+ verb.contact:tweak1,+ ] squeeze,@ (a squeeze with the fingers) }
{ [ decompression, verb.change:decompress,+ compression,! ] [ decompressing, verb.change:decompress,+ ] relief1,@ (relieving pressure (especially bringing a compressed person gradually back to atmospheric pressure)) }
{ [ condensing, verb.change:condense7,+ verb.change:condense5,+ verb.change:condense3,+ ] [ condensation, verb.change:condense7,+ verb.change:condense5,+ ] compression,@ (the act of increasing the density of something) }
{ [ thickening, verb.change:thicken2,+ verb.change:thicken1,+ ] [ inspissation, verb.change:inspissate3,+ verb.change:inspissate1,+ verb.change:inspissate,+ ] condensing,@ (the act of thickening) }
{ [ crush, verb.change:crush,+ verb.contact:crush,+ ] [ crunch, verb.change:crunch,+ ] [ compaction, verb.contact:compact3,+ verb.contact:compact2,+ ] compression,@ (the act of crushing) }
{ [ grind, verb.change:grind,+ verb.contact:grind,+ verb.contact:grind2,+ ] [ mill, verb.change:mill,+ ] [ pulverization, verb.change:pulverize,+ ] [ pulverisation, verb.change:pulverise,+ ] crush,@ (the act of grinding to a powder or dust) }
{ [ expression, verb.contact:express11,+ ] squeeze,@ (the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing; "the expression of milk from her breast") }
{ [ extrusion, verb.creation:extrude,+ ] expulsion2, squeeze,@ (squeezing out by applying pressure; "an unexpected extrusion of toothpaste from the bottom of the tube"; "the expulsion of pus from the pimple") }
{ [ shortening, verb.change:shorten9,+ ] decrease,@ (act of decreasing in length; "the dress needs shortening") }
{ abbreviation, shortening,@ (shortening something by omitting parts of it) }
{ cut, [ cutting, verb.creation:cut11,+ ] cutting_off1, shortening,@ (the act of shortening something by chopping off the ends; "the barber gave him a good cut") }
{ [ severance, verb.contact:sever,+ ] [ severing, verb.contact:sever,+ ] cut1,@ (the act of severing) }
{ [ clip, verb.contact:clip4,+ verb.contact:clip3,+ ] [ clipping, verb.contact:clip3,+ ] [ snip, verb.contact:snip,+ verb.contact:snip7,+ ] cut,@ (the act of clipping or snipping) }
{ haircut, cut,@ (the act of cutting the hair) }
{ [ trim, verb.contact:trim2,+ verb.contact:trim1,+ verb.change:trim,+ ] [ trimming1, verb.contact:trim2,+ verb.contact:trim1,+ ] [ clipping2, verb.contact:clip4,+ ] cut,@ (cutting down to the desired size or shape) }
{ [ pruning, verb.contact:prune,+ ] trim,@ (the act of trimming a plant) }
{ [ shearing, verb.contact:shear2,+ verb.contact:shear1,+ verb.contact:shear,+ ] cut,@ (removing by cutting off or clipping) }
{ sheepshearing, shearing,@ (act of shearing sheep) }
{ [ shrinking, verb.change:shrink11,+ ] decrease,@ (the act of becoming less) }
{ [ miniaturization, verb.change:miniaturize,+ ] [ miniaturisation, verb.change:miniaturise,+ ] shrinking,@ (act of making on a greatly reduced scale) }
{ [ subtraction, verb.cognition:subtract,+ addition2,! ] [ deduction, verb.cognition:deduct1,+ ] decrease,@ (the act of subtracting (removing a part from the whole); "he complained about the subtraction of money from their paychecks") }
{ bite1, subtraction,@ noun.communication:slang,;u (a portion removed from the whole; "the government's weekly bite from my paycheck") }
{ [ withholding, verb.possession:withhold1,+ ] deduction,@ noun.possession:tax,;c (the act of deducting from an employee's salary) }
{ abatement, moderation,@ (the act of abating; "laws enforcing noise abatement") }
{ abatement_of_a_nuisance, nuisance_abatement, abatement,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the removal or termination or destruction of something that has been found to be a nuisance) }
{ asbestos_abatement, abatement_of_a_nuisance,@ (the removal of asbestos from a public building) }
{ [ attrition, adj.pert:attritional,+ ] friction,@ (the act of rubbing together; wearing something down by friction) }
{ [ deflation, verb.contact:deflate1,+ verb.contact:deflate,+ verb.change:deflate,+ inflation,! ] decrease,@ (the act of letting the air out of something) }
{ [ discount, verb.possession:discount,+ ] price_reduction, deduction2, decrease,@ (the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise) }
{ rollback1, decrease,@ (reducing prices back to some earlier level) }
{ [ weakening, verb.change:weaken1,+ strengthening,!] decrease,@ (the act of reducing the strength of something) }
{ wilt, [ wilting, verb.change:wilt,+ ] weakening,@ (causing to become limp or drooping) }
{ [ dilution, verb.change:dilute2,+ verb.change:dilute,+ concentration1,!] weakening,@ (weakening (reducing the concentration) by the addition of water or a thinner) }
{ [ etiolation1, verb.change:etiolate1,+ ] weakening,@ (the act of weakening by stunting the growth or development of something; "the etiolation of the critical tradition") }
{ [ cutting4, verb.change:cut5,+ ] [ thinning, verb.change:thin2,+ ] dilution,@ (the act of diluting something; "the cutting of whiskey with water"; "the thinning of paint with turpentine") }

{ [ increase, verb.change:increase2,+ verb.change:increase,+ decrease,!] [ step-up, verb.change:step_up,+ ] change_of_magnitude,@ (the act of increasing something; "he gave me an increase in salary") }
{ [ addition2, verb.change:add,+ subtraction,! ] increase,@ (the act of adding one thing to another; "the addition of flowers created a pleasing effect"; "the addition of a leap day every four years") }
{ retrofit, addition2,@ (the act of adding a component or accessory to something that did not have it when it was manufactured; "the court ordered a retrofit on all automobiles") }
{ [ advance1, verb.change:advance1,+ ] [ rise1, verb.change:rise,+ ] increase,@ (increase in price or value; "the news caused a general advance on the stock market") }
{ [ appreciation1, depreciation,! ] increase,@ (an increase in price or value; "an appreciation of 30% in the value of real estate") }
{ [ depreciation, verb.change:depreciate1,+ verb.change:depreciate,+ appreciation1,! ] decrease,@ (a decrease in price or value; "depreciation of the dollar against the yen") }
{ [ surge, verb.change:surge3,+ verb.motion:surge,+ ] upsurge, increase,@ (a sudden or abrupt strong increase; "stimulated a surge of speculation"; "an upsurge of emotion"; "an upsurge in violent crime") }
{ [ fluoridation, verb.change:fluoridate,+ ] [ fluoridization, verb.change:fluoridize,+ ] [ fluoridisation, verb.change:fluoridise,+ ] addition2,@ (the addition of a fluoride to the water supply (to prevent dental decay)) }
{ [ augmentation, verb.change:augment1,+ ] increase,@ (the act of augmenting) }
{ amplification1, increase,@ noun.phenomenon:electricity,;c ((electronics) the act of increasing voltage or power or current) }
{ [ contraction, verb.contact:contract,+ verb.change:contract7,+ verb.change:contract5,+ verb.change:contract4,+ verb.change:contract,+ expansion,! ] decrease,@ (the act of decreasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope) }
{ [ expansion, contraction,! ] [ enlargement, verb.change:enlarge3,+ ] increase,@ (the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope) }
{ [ dilation, verb.change:dilate1,+ ] [ dilatation, verb.change:dilate1,+ ] expansion,@ (the act of expanding an aperture; "the dilation of the pupil of the eye") }
{ vasodilation, dilation,@ (dilation of blood vessels (especially the arteries)) }
{ [ distention, verb.change:distend3,+ verb.change:distend,+ verb.change:distend1,+ ] [ distension, verb.change:distend1,+ verb.change:distend,+ ] expansion,@ (the act of expanding by pressure from within) }
{ [ stretching2, verb.change:stretch4,+ ] expansion,@ (act of expanding by lengthening or widening) }
{ [ tension, verb.contact:tense,+ verb.change:tense,+ ] stretching2,@ (the action of stretching something tight; "tension holds the belt in the pulleys") }
{ [ escalation, verb.change:escalate,+ ] increase,@ (an increase to counteract a perceived discrepancy; "higher wages caused an escalation of prices"; "there was a gradual escalation of hostilities") }
{ [ maximization, verb.change:maximize,+ minimization,! ] [ maximisation, verb.change:maximise,+ ] maximation, increase,@ (the act of raising to the highest possible point or condition or position) }
{ [ inflation, verb.change:inflate2,+ verb.change:inflate,+ deflation,! ] expansion,@ (the act of filling something with air) }
{ [ magnification, verb.change:magnify,+ ] expansion,@ (the act of expanding something in apparent size) }
{ [ exaggeration, verb.social:exaggerate,+ verb.communication:exaggerate,+ ] increase,@ (the act of making something more noticeable than usual; "the dance involved a deliberate exaggeration of his awkwardness") }
{ [ extension2, verb.change:extend1,+ ] expansion,@ (act of expanding in scope; making more widely available; "extension of the program to all in need") }
{ [ spread, verb.motion:spread2,+ verb.motion:spread,+ verb.communication:spread,+ verb.stative:spread,+ verb.contact:spread7,+ verb.contact:spread,+ ] [ spreading, verb.contact:spread,+ ] extension2,@ (act of extending over a wider scope or expanse of space or time) }
{ [ circulation, verb.motion:circulate3,+ verb.communication:circulate,+ ] spread,@ (the spread or transmission of something (as news or money) to a wider group or area) }
{ recirculation, circulation,@ (circulation again) }
{ [ dispersion, verb.motion:disperse1,+ verb.communication:disperse,+ ] [ dispersal, verb.communication:disperse,+ ] [ dissemination, verb.communication:disseminate,+ ] [ diffusion, verb.motion:diffuse,+ verb.contact:diffuse,+ verb.communication:diffuse,+ ] spread,@ (the act of dispersing or diffusing something; "the dispersion of the troops"; "the diffusion of knowledge") }
{ crop-dusting, spraying3, dispersion,@ noun.artifact:aircraft,;c (the dispersion of fungicides or insecticides or fertilizer on growing crops (often from a low-flying aircraft)) }
{ [ scatter, verb.motion:scatter2,+ verb.contact:scatter,+ verb.motion:scatter,+ verb.motion:scatter1,+ ] [ scattering, verb.motion:scatter2,+ verb.motion:scatter1,+ verb.motion:scatter,+ verb.contact:scatter1,+ ] [ strewing, verb.contact:strew,+ ] spread,@ (the act of scattering) }
{ [ contracture, verb.contact:contract4,+ ] contraction1,@ (an abnormal and usually permanent contraction of a muscle) }
{ [ extension1, verb.body:extend,+ flexion,!] stretching2,@ (act of stretching or straightening out a flexed limb) }
{ [ hyperextension, verb.body:hyperextend,+ ] extension1,@ (greater than normal extension) }
{ [ contraction1, verb.contact:contract4,+ ] muscular_contraction, muscle_contraction, shortening,@ noun.cognition:physiology,;c ((physiology) a shortening or tensing of a part or organ (especially of a muscle or muscle fiber)) }
{ tetanus, contraction1,@ (a sustained muscular contraction resulting from a rapid series of nerve impulses) }
{ [ truncation, verb.change:truncate,+ ] shortening,@ (the act of cutting short; "it is an obvious truncation of the verse"; "they were sentenced to a truncation of their limbs") }
{ uterine_contraction, contraction1,@ noun.state:parturiency,#p (a rhythmic tightening in labor of the upper uterine musculature that contracts the size of the uterus and pushes the fetus toward the birth canal) }
{ Braxton-Hicks_contraction, false_labor, contraction1,@ (painless contractions of the muscles of the uterus that continue throughout pregnancy with increasing frequency) }
{ vaginismus, contraction1,@ (muscular contraction that causes the vagina to close; usually an anxiety reaction before coitus or pelvic examination) }
{ [ stretch2, verb.change:stretch5,+ verb.change:stretch4,+ verb.change:stretch,+ ] extension2,@ (extension to or beyond the ordinary limit; "running at full stretch"; "by no stretch of the imagination"; "beyond any stretch of his understanding") }
{ [ expansion1, verb.communication:expand10,+ ] expanding_upon, increase,@ (adding information or detail) }
{ amplification2, [ elaboration1, verb.communication:elaborate,+ ] expansion1,@ (addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail; "a few remarks added in amplification and defense"; "an elaboration of the sketch followed") }
{ [ annotation, verb.creation:annotate,+ ] annotating, expansion1,@ (the act of adding notes) }
{ [ supplementation, verb.contact:supplement,+ ] [ subjunction, verb.contact:subjoin,+ ] [ subjoining, verb.contact:subjoin,+ ] expansion1,@ (the act of supplementing) }
{ [ accumulation, verb.possession:accumulate,+ verb.change:accumulate,+ ] [ accrual, verb.possession:accrue10,+ verb.change:accrue,+ ] [ accruement, verb.change:accrue,+ ] increase,@ (the act of accumulating) }
{ [ buildup, verb.change:build_up2,+ ] accumulation,@ (the act of building up an accumulation; "I envied his rapid buildup of assets"; "a military buildup in preparation for the invasion") }
{ [ deposit, verb.contact:deposit1,+ ] [ deposition1, verb.contact:deposit1,+ ] buildup,@ (the act of putting something somewhere) }
{ [ repositing, verb.possession:reposit,+ ] [ reposition, verb.possession:reposit,+ ] storage2, [ warehousing, verb.possession:warehouse,+ ] deposit,@ (depositing in a warehouse; "they decided to reposition their furniture in a recommended repository in Brooklyn"; "my car is in storage"; "publishers reduced print runs to cut down the cost of warehousing") }
{ [ stockpiling, verb.possession:stockpile,+ ] repositing,@ (accumulating and storing a reserve supply; "the stockpiling of war materials") }
{ [ inclusion, verb.social:include3,+ verb.cognition:include,+ verb.change:include,+ ] increase,@ (the act of including) }
{ [ incorporation, verb.stative:incorporate,+ verb.change:incorporate,+ ] inclusion,@ (including by incorporating) }
{ [ annexation1, adj.pert:annexational,+ ] appropriation1, incorporation,@ (incorporation by joining or uniting) }
{ [ aggrandizement, verb.communication:aggrandize,+ ] [ aggrandisement, verb.communication:aggrandise,+ ] [ elevation1, verb.social:elevate,+ verb.change:elevate,+ ] increase,@ (the act of increasing the wealth or prestige or power or scope of something; "the aggrandizement of the king"; "his elevation to cardinal") }
{ self-aggrandizement, self-aggrandisement, ego_trip, aggrandizement,@ (an act undertaken to increase your own power and influence or to draw attention to your own importance) }
{ [ strengthening, verb.change:strengthen1,+ weakening,!] increase,@ (the act of increasing the strength of something) }
{ [ intensification, verb.change:intensify2,+ verb.change:intensify1,+ verb.change:intensify,+ ] increase,@ (action that makes something stronger or more extreme) }
{ roughness, intensification,@ (harsh or severe speech or behavior; "men associate the roughness of nonstandard working-class speech with masculinity"; "the roughness of her voice was a signal to keep quiet") }
{ [ intensification1, verb.change:intensify10,+ ] increase,@ photography,;c (the act of increasing the contrast of (a photographic film)) }
{ [ aggravation1, verb.change:aggravate,+ ] [ exacerbation1, verb.change:exacerbate,+ ] intensification,@ (action that makes a problem or a disease (or its symptoms) worse; "the aggravation of her condition resulted from lack of care") }
{ [ concentration1, verb.change:concentrate12,+ verb.change:concentrate7,+ verb.change:concentrate3,+ verb.change:concentrate1,+ verb.change:concentrate,+ dilution,!] strengthening,@ (strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing diluting material) }
{ [ pervaporation, verb.change:pervaporate1,+ verb.change:pervaporate,+ ] concentration1,@ (the concentration of a colloidal solution whose colloid will not pass through a semipermeable membrane; solution is placed in a bag of the membrane and the solvent is evaporated off) }
{ [ focalization1, verb.cognition:focalize,+ verb.change:focalize1,+ verb.change:focalize,+ ] [ focalisation1, verb.cognition:focalise,+ verb.change:focalise1,+ verb.change:focalise,+ ] [ focusing, verb.perception:focus,+ verb.cognition:focus1,+ verb.change:focus1,+ verb.change:focus,+ ] intensification,@ (the act of bringing into focus) }
{ [ refocusing, verb.perception:refocus,+ verb.cognition:refocus,+ verb.change:refocus1,+ ] focalization1,@ (focusing again) }

{ change_of_integrity, change,@ (the act of changing the unity or wholeness of something) }
{ [ breakage, verb.contact:break5,+ verb.contact:break1,+ verb.change:break10,+ verb.change:break6,+ ] [ break, verb.change:break10,+ verb.change:break,+ ] breaking, change_of_integrity,@ (the act of breaking something; "the breakage was unavoidable") }
{ [ rupture, verb.contact:rupture,+ ] break,@ (the act of making a sudden noisy break) }
{ [ smashing, verb.change:smash,+ ] [ shattering, verb.change:shatter1,+ verb.change:shatter,+ ] breakage,@ (the act of breaking something into small pieces) }
{ [ fracture, verb.body:fracture1,+ verb.body:fracture,+ verb.change:fracture10,+ ] crack, [ cracking, verb.contact:crack,+ ] breakage,@ (the act of cracking something) }
{ [ chip, verb.contact:chip1,+ verb.contact:chip,+ ] [ chipping, verb.contact:chip1,+ verb.contact:chip,+ ] [ splintering, verb.social:splinter1,+ ] breakage,@ (the act of chipping something) }
{ [ explosion, verb.change:explode1,+ verb.change:explode,+ ] [ burst, verb.change:burst9,+ verb.change:burst,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of exploding or bursting; "the explosion of the firecrackers awoke the children"; "the burst of an atom bomb creates enormous radiation aloft") }
{ [ detonation, verb.change:detonate,+ ] explosion,@ (the act of detonating an explosive) }
{ percussion, detonation,@ (the act of exploding a percussion cap) }
{ [ fulmination1, verb.change:fulminate,+ ] explosion,@ (the act of exploding with noise and violence; "his fulminations frightened the horses") }
{ burning, [ combustion, verb.weather:combust2,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of burning something; "the burning of leaves was prohibited by a town ordinance") }
{ [ arson, noun.person:arsonist,+ ] incendiarism, fire-raising, burning,@ (malicious burning to destroy property; "the British term for arson is fire-raising") }
{ [ ignition, verb.weather:ignite1,+ verb.weather:ignite,+ ] firing, lighting, [ kindling, verb.weather:kindle1,+ ] [ inflammation1, verb.weather:inflame1,+ verb.weather:inflame,+ ] burning,@ (the act of setting something on fire) }
{ [ incineration, verb.change:incinerate1,+ verb.change:incinerate,+ ] burning,@ (the act of burning something completely; reducing it to ashes) }
{ [ cremation, verb.change:cremate,+ ] incineration,@ (the incineration of a dead body) }
{ [ combination, adj.all:integrative^combinatorial,+ ] [ combining, verb.possession:combine,+ verb.contact:combine1,+ verb.change:combine2,+ verb.change:combine,+ ] [ compounding, verb.creation:compound,+ verb.contact:compound,+ verb.change:compound,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of combining things to form a new whole) }
{ [ attachment1, verb.contact:attach1,+ ] [ affixation1, verb.contact:affix1,+ ] combination,@ (the act of attaching or affixing something) }
{ [ graft, verb.contact:graft,+ ] [ grafting, verb.contact:graft1,+ verb.contact:graft,+ ] attachment1,@ (the act of grafting something onto something else) }
{ [ confusion1, verb.creation:confuse,+ ] combination,@ (an act causing a disorderly combination of elements with identities lost and distinctions blended; "the confusion of tongues at the Tower of Babel") }
{ babel, confusion1,@ (a confusion of voices and other sounds) }
{ [ mix, verb.contact:mix2,+ verb.change:mix1,+ verb.change:mix2,+ verb.contact:mix,+ verb.change:mix,+ ] [ commixture, verb.contact:commix,+ ] [ admixture, verb.change:admix,+ ] [ mixture, verb.contact:mix,+ verb.change:mix1,+ verb.change:mix,+ ] [ intermixture, verb.contact:intermix,+ ] [ mixing, verb.contact:mix,+ verb.change:mix2,+ verb.change:mix1,+ ] combination,@ (the act of mixing together; "paste made by a mix of flour and water"; "the mixing of sound channels in the recording studio") }
{ [ fusion, verb.change:fuse2,+ verb.change:fuse,+ ] combination,@ (the act of fusing (or melting) together) }
{ [ blend, verb.contact:blend,+ verb.change:blend,+ ] blending1, combination,@ (the act of blending components together thoroughly) }
{ [ confluence1, adj.all:convergent^confluent,+ ] conflux, merging1, blend,@ (a flowing together) }
{ [ homogenization, verb.change:homogenize2,+ verb.change:homogenize1,+ verb.change:homogenize,+ ] [ homogenisation, verb.change:homogenise2,+ verb.change:homogenise1,+ verb.change:homogenise,+ ] blend,@ (the act of making something homogeneous or uniform in composition; "the homogenization of cream"; "the network's homogenization of political news") }
{ [ interspersion, verb.contact:intersperse2,+ verb.change:intersperse,+ ] [ interspersal, verb.contact:intersperse2,+ ] combination,@ (the act of combining one thing at intervals among other things; "the interspersion of illustrations in the text") }
{ [ temperance1, verb.change:temper4,+ verb.change:temper2,+ ] combination,@ (the act of tempering) }
{ [ union, verb.change:unite,+ disunion,! ] [ unification, verb.social:unify,+ verb.change:unify,+ ] [ uniting, verb.change:unite,+ ] conjugation1, [ jointure, verb.stative:join1,+ ] combination,@ (the act of making or becoming a single unit; "the union of opposing factions"; "he looked forward to the unification of his family for the holidays") }
{ [ coalescence, adj.all:united^coalescent,+ verb.contact:coalesce,+ ] [ coalescency, adj.all:united^coalescent,+ verb.contact:coalesce,+ verb.change:coalesce,+ ] [ coalition, verb.change:coalesce,+ verb.contact:coalesce,+ ] [ concretion, verb.change:concrete,+ ] [ conglutination, verb.contact:conglutinate1,+ ] union,@ (the union of diverse things into one body or form or group; the growing together of parts) }
{ [ reunion, verb.social:reunite,+ verb.social:reunify,+ ] [ reunification, verb.social:reunify,+ ] union,@ (the act of coming together again; "monetary unification precipitated the reunification of the German state in October 1990") }
{ [ tribalization, detribalization,! ] [ tribalisation, detribalisation,! ] union,@ (the act of making tribal; unification on a tribal basis) }
{ [ detribalization, tribalization,! ] [ detribalisation, tribalisation,! ] disunion,@ (the decline or termination of tribal organization) }
{ umbrella1, union,@ (having the function of uniting a group of similar things; "the Democratic Party is an umbrella for many liberal groups"; "under the umbrella of capitalism") }
{ homecoming2, reunion,@ (an annual school or university reunion for graduates) }
{ [ opening2, verb.contact:open8,+ verb.contact:open6,+ verb.contact:open,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (becoming open or being made open; "the opening of his arms was the sign I was waiting for") }
{ [ separation1, verb.contact:separate1,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of dividing or disconnecting) }
{ break1, [ interruption, verb.communication:interrupt,+ verb.change:interrupt4,+ ] [ disruption2, verb.communication:disrupt,+ verb.change:disrupt,+ ] gap, delay,@ (an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity; "it was presented without commercial breaks"; "there was a gap in his account") }
{ cut-in, [ insert, verb.contact:insert,+ ] break1,@ noun.communication:film,;c ((film) a still picture that is introduced and that interrupts the action of a film) }
{ cut-in1, insert1, break1,@ noun.communication:broadcasting,;c ((broadcasting) a local announcement inserted into a network program) }
{ [ avulsion, verb.motion:avulse,+ ] separation1,@ (a forcible tearing or surgical separation of one body part from another) }
{ [ dissociation, verb.social:dissociate,+ verb.cognition:dissociate,+ ] separation1,@ (the act of removing from association) }
{ [ secession, verb.social:secede,+ ] [ withdrawal1, verb.social:withdraw1,+ ] separation1,@ (formal separation from an alliance or federation) }
{ Secession1, separation1,@i (the withdrawal of eleven southern states from the Union in 1860 which precipitated the American Civil War) }
{ [ breakaway, verb.social:break_away,+ ] breaking_away1, withdrawal1,@ (the act of breaking away or withdrawing from; "there was a breakaway by the discontented members"; "a breaking away from family and neighborhood") }
{ [ disunion, verb.social:disunite,+ union,! ] separation1,@ (the termination or destruction of union) }
{ [ disconnection, verb.contact:disconnect,+ ] [ disjunction, verb.contact:disjoin1,+ ] separation1,@ (the act of breaking a connection) }
{ [ division, adj.all:disjunctive^divisional,+ verb.social:divide,+ ] separation1,@ (the act or process of dividing) }
{ [ parcellation, verb.social:parcel,+ verb.contact:parcel,+ ] division,@ (the division into parcels; "the increasing parcellation of land with every generation") }
{ [ cleavage, verb.contact:cleave,+ ] division,@ (the act of cleaving or splitting) }
{ [ bisection, verb.contact:bisect,+ ] division,@ (dividing into two equal parts) }
{ [ quartering, verb.contact:quarter1,+ verb.cognition:quarter,+ ] division,@ (dividing into four equal parts) }
{ [ schism, adj.pert:schismatic,+ adj.pert:schismatical,+ ] [ split, verb.motion:split,+ verb.social:split,+ ] division,@ (division of a group into opposing factions; "another schism like that and they will wind up in bankruptcy") }
{ cut1, [ cutting1, verb.contact:cut10,+ verb.contact:cut,+ ] division,@ (the act of cutting something into parts; "his cuts were skillful"; "his cutting of the cake made a terrible mess") }
{ [ dissection1, verb.contact:dissect,+ ] cut1,@ (cutting so as to separate into pieces) }
{ scission, cut1,@ (the act of dividing by cutting or splitting) }
{ [ slicing, verb.contact:slice,+ ] cut1,@ (the act of cutting into slices) }
{ [ undercut1, verb.contact:undercut1,+ verb.contact:undercut2,+ ] cut1,@ (a cut made underneath to remove material) }
{ cut2, [ cutting2, verb.contact:cut10,+ ] opening2,@ (the act of penetrating or opening open with a sharp edge; "his cut in the lining revealed the hidden jewels") }
{ [ notch, verb.communication:notch,+ verb.contact:notch,+ ] [ nick, verb.contact:nick,+ verb.contact:nick1,+ ] [ snick, verb.contact:snick,+ ] cut2,@ (a small cut) }
{ [ slash, verb.contact:slash1,+ ] [ gash2, verb.contact:gash,+ ] cut2,@ (a strong sweeping cut made with a sharp instrument) }
{ [ atomization, verb.change:atomize,+ ] [ atomisation, verb.change:atomise,+ ] [ fragmentation, verb.change:fragment,+ ] division,@ (separating something into fine particles) }
{ branching, [ ramification, verb.change:ramify1,+ verb.change:ramify,+ ] [ fork, verb.stative:bifurcate,+ verb.change:bifurcate,+ verb.change:fork,+ ] [ forking, verb.change:fork,+ ] division,@ (the act of branching out or dividing into branches) }
{ [ bifurcation, verb.stative:bifurcate,+ verb.change:bifurcate,+ ] branching,@ (the act of splitting into two branches) }
{ [ trifurcation, verb.change:trifurcate,+ ] branching,@ (the act of splitting into three branches) }
{ divarication, branching,@ (branching at a wide angle) }
{ fibrillation1, branching,@ (act or process of forming fibrils) }
{ [ dichotomization, verb.cognition:dichotomize,+ ] [ dichotomisation, verb.cognition:dichotomise,+ ] division,@ (the act of dividing into two sharply different categories) }
{ [ quantization, verb.cognition:quantize1,+ verb.cognition:quantize,+ ] [ quantisation, verb.cognition:quantise,+ ] division,@ (the act of dividing into quanta or expressing in terms of quantum theory) }
{ [ fractionation, verb.contact:fractionate1,+ ] division,@ (separation into portions) }
{ [ pairing1, verb.social:pair,+ ] grouping,@ (the act of grouping things or people in pairs) }
{ buddy_system, pairing1,@ (a cooperative practice of pairing two or more people together for mutual assistance or safety (especially in recreational swimming)) }
{ match-up, matchup, pairing1,@ (the pairing of people or things as for comparison or competition; "it was a good match-up but the home team won"; "we need a matchup of the best teachers with the neediest schools") }
{ [ punctuation, verb.change:punctuate,+ ] grouping,@ noun.communication:orthography,#m (the use of certain marks to clarify meaning of written material by grouping words grammatically into sentences and clauses and phrases) }
{ [ hyphenation, verb.creation:hyphenate,+ ] punctuation,@ noun.communication:orthography,#m (connecting syllables and words by hyphens) }
{ [ syllabication, verb.contact:syllabicate,+ ] [ syllabification, verb.contact:syllabify,+ ] division,@ (forming or dividing words into syllables) }
{ word_division, [ hyphenation2, verb.creation:hyphenate,+ ] division,@ noun.communication:orthography,#p (division of a word especially at the end of a line on a page) }
{ [ detachment, verb.contact:detach1,+ ] [ disengagement2, verb.contact:disengage,+ verb.change:disengage,+ ] separation1,@ (the act of releasing from an attachment or connection) }
{ [ tear, verb.contact:tear1,+ verb.contact:tear,+ ] separation1,@ (the act of tearing; "he took the manuscript in both hands and gave it a mighty tear") }
{ [ laceration, verb.emotion:lacerate,+ verb.contact:lacerate,+ ] tear,@ (the act of lacerating) }
{ rent2, [ rip, verb.contact:rip,+ ] [ split1, verb.contact:split,+ ] tear,@ (the act of rending or ripping or splitting something; "he gave the envelope a vigorous rip") }
{ [ removal, verb.possession:remove,+ verb.change:remove,+ ] [ remotion, verb.change:remove,+ ] separation1,@ (the act of removing; "he had surgery for the removal of a malignancy") }
{ [ drawing2, verb.motion:draw,+ ] drawing_off, drain1,@ (act of getting or draining something such as electricity or a liquid from a source; "the drawing of water from the well") }
{ derivation, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of deriving something or obtaining something from a source or origin) }
{ derivation1, drawing_off,@ (drawing off water from its main channel as for irrigation) }
{ derivation2, drawing_off,@ (drawing of fluid or inflammation away from a diseased part of the body) }
{ [ abscission, verb.contact:abscise,+ ] cutting_off2, removal,@ (the act of cutting something off) }
{ abstraction, removal,@ (the act of withdrawing or removing something) }
{ [ extraction, verb.contact:extract4,+ ] removal,@ (the action of taking out something (especially using effort or force); "the dentist gave her a local anesthetic prior to the extraction") }
{ [ threshing, verb.contact:thresh1,+ ] separation3,@ (the separation of grain or seeds from the husks and straw; "they used to do the threshing by hand but now there are machines to do it") }
{ [ ablation, verb.change:ablate10,+ ] [ extirpation, verb.change:extirpate,+ ] cutting_out, [ excision, verb.change:excise2,+ ] operation,@ (surgical removal of a body part or tissue) }
{ [ autotomy, adj.pert:autotomic,+ verb.contact:autotomize,+ ] removal,@ (spontaneous removal or casting off of a body part (as the tail of a lizard or claw of a lobster) especially when the organism is injured or under attack) }
{ [ decontamination, verb.change:decontaminate,+ contamination,! ] removal,@ (the removal of contaminants) }
{ [ deletion, verb.change:delete,+ verb.contact:delete,+ ] removal,@ (the act of deleting something written or printed) }
{ [ denudation, verb.change:denude,+ ] [ stripping, verb.change:strip2,+ ] uncovering1, baring, [ husking, verb.change:husk,+ ] removal,@ (the removal of covering) }
{ dermabrasion, removal,@ (removal of scars or tattoos by anesthetizing the skin surface and then sanding or scraping off some of the outer skin layer) }
{ dislodgment, [ dislodgement, verb.contact:dislodge1,+ ] removal,@ (forced removal from a position of advantage) }
{ [ elimination2, verb.change:eliminate1,+ ] [ riddance1, verb.possession:rid,+ ] removal,@ (the act of removing or getting rid of something) }
{ [ elimination3, verb.change:eliminate6,+ ] removal,@ (the act of removing an unknown mathematical quantity by combining equations) }
{ [ circumcision, verb.contact:circumcise,+ ] abscission,@ (the act of circumcising; surgical removal of the foreskin of males) }
{ [ emptying, verb.contact:empty,+ verb.change:empty1,+ ] [ voidance, verb.body:void,+ ] [ evacuation, verb.change:evacuate,+ verb.body:evacuate,+ ] removal,@ (the act of removing the contents of something) }
{ [ drain, verb.change:drain1,+ ] [ drainage, verb.motion:drain,+ verb.change:drain1,+ ] emptying,@ (emptying something accomplished by allowing liquid to run out of it) }
{ bank_withdrawal, withdrawal3,@ (the withdrawal of money from your account at a bank) }
{ bank_run, bank_withdrawal,@ (the concerted action of depositors who try to withdraw their money from a bank because they think it will fail) }
{ [ disinvestment, verb.possession:disinvest,+ ] withdrawal3,@ (the withdrawal of capital from a country or corporation) }
{ [ rinse2, verb.contact:rinse,+ ] [ rinsing, verb.contact:rinse,+ ] removal,@ wash1,#p (the removal of soap with clean water in the final stage of washing) }
{ [ bowdlerization, verb.change:bowdlerize,+ ] [ bowdlerisation, verb.change:bowdlerise,+ ] expurgation,@ (the act of deleting or modifying all passages considered to be indecent) }
{ [ expurgation, verb.change:expurgate,+ ] [ castration2, verb.change:castrate3,+ ] deletion,@ (the deletion of objectionable parts from a literary work) }
{ [ bowdlerization1, verb.change:bowdlerize,+ ] [ bowdlerisation1, verb.change:bowdlerise,+ ] noun.communication:writing,@ (written material that has been bowdlerized) }
{ censoring, [ censorship, noun.person:censor,+ ] deletion,@ (deleting parts of publications or correspondence or theatrical performances) }
{ Bowdlerism, censoring,@ (censorship in the form of prudish expurgation) }
{ Comstockery, censoring,@ (censorship because of perceived obscenity or immorality) }
{ [ expunction, verb.contact:expunge,+ ] [ expunging, verb.contact:expunge,+ ] [ erasure, verb.contact:erase,+ verb.change:erase,+ ] deletion,@ (deletion by an act of expunging or erasing) }
{ [ division2, adj.all:disjunctive^divisional,+ verb.motion:divide,+ ] [ partition, noun.person:partitionist,+ verb.contact:partition,+ verb.change:partition,+ ] [ partitioning, verb.contact:partition,+ verb.change:partition,+ ] [ segmentation, verb.contact:segment,+ ] [ sectionalization, verb.social:sectionalize,+ ] [ sectionalisation, verb.social:sectionalise,+ ] separation1,@ (the act of dividing or partitioning; separation by the creation of a boundary that divides or keeps apart) }
{ [ subdivision, verb.change:subdivide1,+ verb.change:subdivide,+ ] division2,@ (the act of subdividing; division of something previously divided) }
{ septation, division2,@ (the division or partitioning of a cavity into parts by a septum) }
{ [ transformation, verb.change:transform,+ ] [ translation2, verb.change:translate1,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of changing in form or shape or appearance; "a photograph is a translation of a scene onto a two-dimensional surface") }
{ [ transformation1, verb.change:transform5,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ noun.cognition:genetics,;c ((genetics) modification of a cell or bacterium by the uptake and incorporation of exogenous DNA) }
{ permutation, transformation,@ (complete change in character or condition; "the permutations...taking place in the physical world"- Henry Miller) }
{ [ revision, verb.social:revise,+ verb.communication:revise,+ ] alteration, transformation,@ (the act of revising or altering (involving reconsideration and modification); "it would require a drastic revision of his opinion") }
{ [ transfiguration, verb.change:transfigure2,+ ] transformation,@ (the act of transforming so as to exalt or glorify) }
{ [ transmogrification, verb.change:transmogrify,+ ] transformation,@ (the act of changing into a different form or appearance (especially a fantastic or grotesque one); "the transmogrification of the prince into a porcupine") }
{ [ conversion, verb.change:convert3,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing from one use or function or purpose to another) }
{ [ afforestation, verb.contact:afforest,+ ] conversion,@ (the conversion of bare or cultivated land into forest (originally for the purpose of hunting)) }
{ [ reforestation, verb.contact:reforest,+ ] [ re-afforestation, verb.contact:re-afforest,+ ] reclamation1,@ (the restoration (replanting) of a forest that had been reduced by fire or cutting) }
{ [ rehabilitation1, verb.social:rehabilitate1,+ verb.social:rehabilitate,+ ] restoration,@ (the restoration of someone to a useful place in society) }
{ correctional_rehabilitation, rehabilitation1,@ (providing penal custody or probation or parole for convicted offenders) }
{ physical_rehabilitation, physical_restoration, therapeutic_rehabilitation, rehabilitation1,@ (providing help for disabled persons; the removal or reduction of disabilities) }
{ urban_renewal, reclamation1,@ (the clearing and rebuilding and redevelopment of urban slums) }
{ vocational_rehabilitation, rehabilitation1,@ (providing training in a specific trade with the aim of gaining employment) }
{ [ reinstatement, verb.social:reinstate,+ ] restoration,@ (the act of restoring someone to a previous position; "we insisted on the reinstatement of the colonel") }
{ [ rejuvenation, verb.change:rejuvenate,+ ] restoration,@ (the act of restoring to a more youthful condition) }
{ [ refreshment, verb.change:refresh,+ verb.body:refresh2,+ ] [ recreation1, adj.pert:recreational,+ verb.body:recreate2,+ ] rejuvenation,@ (activity that refreshes and recreates; activity that renews your health and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation; "time for rest and refreshment by the pool"; "days of joyous recreation with his friends") }
{ [ metamorphosis1, adj.all:metamorphic^metamorphous,+ adj.pert:metamorphous,+ ] transformation,@ (a complete change of physical form or substance especially as by magic or witchcraft) }
{ [ transfiguration2, verb.change:transfigure,+ ] metamorphosis2, alteration,@ (a striking change in appearance or character or circumstances; "the metamorphosis of the old house into something new and exciting") }
{ [ filling, verb.change:fill1,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of filling something) }
{ [ saturation, verb.change:saturate1,+ ] filling,@ (the act of soaking thoroughly with a liquid) }
{ [ hardening, verb.change:harden1,+ ] change_of_integrity,@ (the act of making something harder (firmer or tighter or more compact)) }
{ annealing, [ tempering, verb.change:temper4,+ verb.change:temper2,+ ] hardening,@ (hardening something by heat treatment) }
{ [ damage, verb.change:damage,+ ] [ harm, verb.body:harm,+ ] hurt, scathe, change_of_integrity,@ (the act of damaging something or someone) }
{ [ impairment, verb.change:impair1,+ ] damage,@ (damage that results in a reduction of strength or quality) }
{ [ defacement, verb.contact:deface,+ ] [ disfigurement, verb.contact:disfigure,+ ] disfiguration, mutilation, damage,@ (the act of damaging the appearance or surface of something; "the defacement of an Italian mosaic during the Turkish invasion"; "he objected to the dam's massive disfigurement of the landscape") }
{ [ wound, verb.body:wound,+ ] [ wounding, verb.body:wound,+ ] damage,@ (the act of inflicting a wound) }
{ [ burn, verb.change:burn3,+ verb.change:burn1,+ verb.change:burn,+ ] damage,@ (damage inflicted by fire) }
{ [ scald, verb.change:scald,+ ] burn,@ (the act of burning with steam or hot water) }
{ [ updating, verb.communication:update,+ verb.change:update1,+ verb.change:update,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing something to bring it up to date (usually by adding something); "criminal records need regular updating") }
{ change_of_shape, change,@ (an action that changes the shape of something) }
{ [ contortion, noun.person:contortionist,+ verb.contact:contort,+ ] [ deformation, adj.pert:deformational,+ verb.contact:deform2,+ verb.contact:deform1,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the act of twisting or deforming the shape of something (e.g., yourself)) }
{ [ convolution, verb.contact:convolve,+ verb.contact:convolute,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the action of coiling or twisting or winding together) }
{ angulation, change_of_shape,@ (the act of making angulate (having corners)) }
{ bending, change_of_shape,@ (the act of bending something) }
{ [ flexion, extension1,! ] [ flexure, verb.contact:flex3,+ verb.motion:flex,+ ] bending,@ (act of bending a joint; especially a joint between the bones of a limb so that the angle between them is decreased) }
{ [ flex, verb.motion:flex1,+ ] flexion,@ (the act of flexing; "he gave his biceps a flex to impress the ladies") }
{ [ crouch, verb.motion:crouch,+ ] bending,@ (the act of bending low with the limbs close to the body) }
{ dorsiflexion, flexion,@ (the act of bending backward (of the body or a body part)) }
{ [ elongation, verb.change:elongate,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the act of lengthening something) }
{ [ hunch, verb.motion:hunch,+ ] bending,@ (the act of bending yourself into a humped position) }
{ [ incurvation, verb.motion:incurvate,+ verb.contact:incurvate,+ ] bending,@ (the action of creating a curved shape) }
{ involution, [ enfolding, verb.contact:enfold,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the action of enfolding something) }
{ [ corrugation, verb.contact:corrugate,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the act of shaping into parallel ridges and grooves) }
{ [ fold, verb.change:fold10,+ verb.contact:fold,+ ] [ folding, verb.contact:fold,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the act of folding; "he gave the napkins a double fold") }
{ [ plication, verb.contact:plicate,+ ] [ pleating, verb.contact:pleat,+ ] fold,@ (the act of folding in parallel folds) }
{ [ indentation, verb.contact:indent2,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the act of cutting into an edge with toothlike notches or angular incisions) }
{ [ protrusion, verb.stative:protrude,+ ] [ projection2, verb.stative:project,+ ] jut, [ jutting, verb.stative:jut,+ ] change_of_shape,@ (the act of projecting out from something) }
{ [ widening, verb.change:widen3,+ narrowing,! ] broadening1, change_of_shape,@ (the act of making something wider) }
{ [ narrowing, verb.change:narrow,+ widening,! ] change_of_shape,@ (the act of making something narrower) }
{ [ activity, adj.all:involved^active,+ adj.all:existent^active,+ inactivity,! ] noun.Tops:act,@ (any specific behavior; "they avoided all recreational activity") }
{ [ domesticity, adj.pert:domestic,+ ] activity,@ (domestic activities or life; "making a hobby of domesticity") }
{ [ operation7, verb.social:operate,+ verb.contact:operate2,+ verb.contact:operate,+ ] activity,@ business1,;c (the activity of operating something (a machine or business etc.); "her smooth operation of the vehicle gave us a surprisingly comfortable ride") }
{ operation3, activity,@ (a planned activity involving many people performing various actions; "they organized a rescue operation"; "the biggest police operation in French history"; "running a restaurant is quite an operation"; "consolidate the companies various operations") }
{ rescue_operation, operation3,@ (an operation organized to free from danger or confinement) }
{ sting1, sting_operation1, operation3,@ (operation designed to catch a person committing a criminal act; "the police conducted a sting operation")}
{ undercover_operation, operation3,@ (an operation involving secret work within a community or institution) }
{ buy-and-bust_operation, undercover_operation,@ (an undercover operation by narcotics detectives to catch unsuspecting drug dealers) }
{ [ practice, adj.all:realistic^practical1,+ adj.all:practical,+ verb.social:practice1,+ ] [ pattern, verb.stative:pattern,+ ] activity,@ (a customary way of operation or behavior; "it is their practice to give annual raises"; "they changed their dietary pattern") }
{ practice4, praxis, implementation,@ (translating an idea into action; "a hard theory to put into practice"; "differences between theory and praxis of communism") }
{ [ biologism, adj.pert:biologistic,+ ] practice,@ (use of biological principles in explaining human especially social behavior) }
{ [ cooperation2, verb.social:cooperate,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of cooperating; "economic cooperation"; "they agreed on a policy of cooperation") }
{ featherbedding, practice,@ (the practice (usually by a labor union) of requiring an employer to hire more workers than are required) }
{ [ formalism, adj.pert:formalistic,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of scrupulous adherence to prescribed or external forms) }
{ [ mycophagy, noun.person:mycophagist,+ ] eating,@ (the practice of eating fungi (especially mushrooms collected in the wild)) }
{ one-upmanship, practice,@ (the practice of keeping one jump ahead of a friend or competitor) }
{ [ pluralism, noun.person:pluralist2,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of one person holding more than one benefice at a time) }
{ [ symbolism, noun.person:symbolist1,+ noun.person:symbolist,+ ] symbolization, symbolisation, practice,@ (the practice of investing things with symbolic meaning) }
{ [ modernism, adj.all:fashionable^modernistic,+ ] practice,@ (practices typical of contemporary life or thought) }
{ [ occult, adj.all:esoteric^occult,+ ] occult_arts, practice,@ (supernatural practices and techniques; "he is a student of the occult") }
{ [ ornamentalism, noun.person:ornamentalist,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of ornamental display) }
{ [ cannibalism, adj.pert:cannibalistic,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of eating the flesh of your own kind) }
{ anthropophagy, cannibalism,@ (human cannibalism; the eating of human flesh) }
{ [ careerism, noun.person:careerist,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of advancing your career at the expense of your personal integrity) }
{ [ custom, adj.all:usual^customary,+ ] [ usage1, verb.social:use3,+ ] [ usance, verb.social:use4,+ ] practice,@ survival,@ (accepted or habitual practice) }
{ Americanism, custom,@ (a custom that is peculiar to the United States or its citizens) }
{ Anglicism, Britishism, custom,@ (a custom that is peculiar to England or its citizens) }
{ consuetude, custom,@ (a custom or usage that has acquired the force of law) }
{ couvade, custom,@ (a custom among some peoples whereby the husband of a pregnant wife is put to bed at the time of bearing the child) }
{ Germanism, custom,@ (a custom that is peculiar to Germany or its citizens) }
{ [ habit2, adj.all:usual^habitual,+ verb.consumption:habituate,+ ] use1, custom,@ noun.cognition:psychology,;c ((psychology) an automatic pattern of behavior in reaction to a specific situation; may be inherited or acquired through frequent repetition; "owls have nocturnal habits"; "she had a habit twirling the ends of her hair"; "long use had hardened him to it") }
{ hijab, custom,@ (the custom in some Islamic societies of women dressing modestly outside the home; "she observes the hijab and does not wear tight clothing") }
{ [ ritual2, adj.pert:ritual,+ ] habit2,@ (stereotyped behavior) }
{ second_nature, habit2,@ (acquired behavior that is practiced so long it seems innate) }
{ habitude, practice,@ (habitual mode of behavior) }
{ round1, daily_round, habitude,@ (the usual activities in your day; "the doctor made his rounds") }
{ fashion, practice,@ (characteristic or habitual practice) }
{ lobbyism, practice,@ (the practice of lobbying; the activities of a lobbyist) }
{ slavery1, slaveholding, practice,@ (the practice of owning slaves) }
{ peonage, practice,@ (the practice of making a debtor work for his creditor until the debt is discharged) }
{ way, path, way_of_life, course,@ (a course of conduct; "the path of virtue"; "we went our separate ways"; "our paths in life led us apart"; "genius usually follows a revolutionary path") }
{ ambages, way,@ noun.communication:plural,;u noun.communication:archaism,;u ((archaic) roundabout or mysterious ways of action) }
{ primrose_path, way_of_life,@ (a life of ease and pleasure) }
{ straight_and_narrow, strait_and_narrow, way_of_life,@ (the way of proper and honest behavior; "he taught his children to keep strictly to the straight and narrow") }
{ Sunnah, Sunna, hadith, way_of_life,@ noun.cognition:Islam,;c ((Islam) the way of life prescribed as normative for Muslims on the basis of the teachings and practices of Muhammad and interpretations of the Koran) }
{ warpath, way_of_life,@ (a course leading to warfare or battle) }
{ line_of_least_resistance, path_of_least_resistance, fashion,@ (the easiest way; "In marrying him she simply took the path of least resistance") }
{ unwritten_law, practice,@ (law based on customary behavior) }
{ lynch_law, practice,@ (the practice of punishing people by hanging without due process of law) }
{ chokehold, choke_hold, clasp,@ (a restraining hold; someone loops the arm around the neck of another person in a tight grip, usually from behind; "he grabbed the woman in a chokehold, demanded her cash and jewelry, and then fled") }
{ [ embrace, verb.contact:embrace,+ ] [ embracing, verb.contact:embrace,+ ] [ embracement, verb.contact:embrace,+ ] clasp,@ (the act of clasping another person in the arms (as in greeting or affection)) }
{ [ cuddle, adj.all:lovable^cuddly,+ verb.contact:cuddle1,+ verb.contact:cuddle,+ ] [ nestle, verb.contact:nestle,+ ] [ snuggle, verb.contact:snuggle,+ ] embrace,@ (a close and affectionate (and often prolonged) embrace) }
{ [ hug, verb.contact:hug1,+ ] [ clinch1, verb.contact:clinch2,+ ] squeeze2, embrace,@ (a tight or amorous embrace; "come here and give me a big hug") }
{ [ mistreatment, verb.social:mistreat,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of treating (someone or something) badly; "he should be punished for his mistreatment of his mother") }
{ nonconformism, practice,@ (the practice of nonconformity) }
{ [ annoyance, verb.emotion:annoy,+ ] annoying, [ irritation1, verb.emotion:irritate,+ ] [ vexation, verb.emotion:vex,+ ] mistreatment,@ (the act of troubling or annoying someone) }
{ [ disregard1, verb.cognition:disregard,+ verb.communication:disregard,+ ] [ neglect2, verb.cognition:neglect5,+ ] mistreatment,@ (willful lack of care and attention) }
{ despite, disregard1,@ (contemptuous disregard; "she wanted neither favor nor despite") }
{ [ exploitation1, verb.consumption:exploit,+ ] [ victimization, verb.social:victimize3,+ ] [ victimisation, verb.social:victimise1,+ ] [ using, verb.social:use14,+ ] mistreatment,@ (an act that exploits or victimizes someone (treats them unfairly); "capitalistic exploitation of the working class"; "paying Blacks less and charging them more is a form of victimization") }
{ blaxploitation, exploitation1,@ (the exploitation of black people (especially with regard to stereotyped roles in movies)) }
{ sexploitation, exploitation1,@ (the commercial exploitation of sex or sexuality or explicit sexual material; "sexploitation by advertisers is notorious") }
{ [ harassment, verb.emotion:harass,+ ] [ molestation, verb.emotion:molest,+ ] mistreatment,@ (the act of tormenting by continued persistent attacks and criticism) }
{ [ maltreatment, verb.social:maltreat,+ ] [ ill-treatment, verb.social:ill-treat,+ ] [ ill-usage, verb.social:ill-use,+ ] [ abuse2, verb.social:abuse,+ ] mistreatment,@ (cruel or inhumane treatment; "the child showed signs of physical abuse") }
{ child_abuse, maltreatment,@ (the physical or emotional or sexual mistreatment of children) }
{ child_neglect, maltreatment,@ (failure of caretakers to provide adequate emotional and physical care for a child) }
{ [ persecution, verb.social:persecute,+ ] maltreatment,@ noun.cognition:religion,;c (the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)) }
{ [ repression, verb.social:repress,+ ] control,@ (the act of repressing; control by holding down; "his goal was the repression of insolence") }
{ [ impalement, verb.contact:impale1,+ verb.contact:impale,+ ] cruelty,@ (the act of piercing with a sharpened stake as a form of punishment or torture) }
{ [ oppression, verb.social:oppress,+ ] subjugation1, persecution,@ (the act of subjugating by cruelty; "the tyrant's oppression of the people") }
{ pogrom, persecution,@ (organized persecution of an ethnic group (especially Jews)) }
{ rendition, surrender1,@ (handing over prisoners to the country in which a crime was committed) }
{ [ torture, verb.body:torture,+ ] [ torturing, verb.body:torture,+ ] persecution,@ (the deliberate, systematic, or wanton infliction of physical or mental suffering by one or more persons in an attempt to force another person to yield information or to make a confession or for any other reason; "it required unnatural torturing to extract a confession") }
{ bastinado, falanga, torture,@ (a form of torture in which the soles of the feet are beaten with whips or cudgels) }
{ boot1, torture,@ (a form of foot torture in which the feet are encased in iron and slowly crushed) }
{ burning3, torture,@ (a form of torture in which cigarettes or cigars or other hot implements are used to burn the victim's skin) }
{ [ crucifixion1, verb.emotion:crucify,+ ] [ excruciation, verb.body:excruciate,+ ] torture,@ (the infliction of extremely painful punishment or suffering) }
{ genital_torture, torture,@ (blunt or penetrating trauma or rape (vaginal or anal)) }
{ judicial_torture, torture,@ (torture that is sanctioned by the state and executed by duly accredited officials; "the English renounced judicial torture in 1640") }
{ kia_quen, torture,@ (a form of foot torture used by the Chinese in which the victim's foot was placed between three pieces of bamboo and systematically squeezed) }
{ kittee, torture,@ (a form of torture used by American Indians in which sensitive parts of the body were squeezed between two boards until the victim could bear no more) }
{ nail_pulling, nail_removal, torture,@ (a form of torture in which the fingernails or toenails are removed) }
{ picket, piquet1, torture,@ (a form of military punishment used by the British in the late 17th century in which a soldier was forced to stand on one foot on a pointed stake) }
{ prolonged_interrogation, torture,@ (a form of psychological torture inflicted by questioning the victim for hours) }
{ rack1, torture,@ (a form of torture in which pain is inflicted by stretching the body) }
{ sensory_deprivation, torture,@ (a form of psychological torture inflicted by depriving the victim of all sensory input) }
{ sleep_deprivation, torture,@ (a form of psychological torture inflicted by depriving the victim of sleep) }
{ strappado, strapado, torture,@ (a form of torture in which the hands are tied behind a person's back and they are lifted off the ground by a rope tied to their wrists, then allowed to drop until their fall is checked with a jerk by the rope) }
{ cruelty, inhuman_treatment, maltreatment,@ (a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering) }
{ [ atrocity, adj.all:evil^atrocious,+ ] inhumanity, cruelty,@ (an act of atrocious cruelty) }
{ brutality, [ barbarity, adj.all:noncivilized^barbaric,+ ] barbarism, [ savagery, verb.competition:savage,+ ] atrocity,@ (a brutal barbarous savage act) }
{ [ outrage1, verb.social:outrage,+ ] atrocity,@ (a wantonly cruel act) }
{ baiting, harassment,@ (harassment especially of a tethered animal) }
{ badgering, [ worrying, verb.emotion:worry1,+ ] [ torment, verb.emotion:torment1,+ ] [ bedevilment, verb.emotion:bedevil,+ ] harassment,@ (the act of harassing someone) }
{ [ exasperation, verb.emotion:exasperate1,+ verb.emotion:exasperate,+ ] annoyance,@ (actions that cause great irritation (or even anger)) }
{ red_flag, annoyance,@ (something that irritates or demands immediate action; "doing that is like waving a red flag in front of a bull") }
{ sexual_harassment, harassment,@ (unwelcome sexual behavior by a supervisor toward an employee) }
{ [ tease, verb.communication:tease,+ verb.emotion:tease,+ ] [ teasing, verb.communication:tease,+ ] [ ribbing, verb.communication:rib,+ ] [ tantalization, verb.communication:tantalize,+ ] harassment,@ (the act of harassing someone playfully or maliciously (especially by ridicule); provoking someone with persistent annoyances; "he ignored their teases"; "his ribbing was gentle but persistent") }
{ witch-hunt, harassment,@ (searching out and harassing dissenters) }
{ McCarthyism, witch-hunt,@ (unscrupulously accusing people of disloyalty (as by saying they were Communists)) }
{ [ colonialism, noun.person:colonialist,+ ] exploitation1,@ (exploitation by a stronger country of weaker one; the use of the weaker country's resources to strengthen and enrich the stronger country) }
{ neocolonialism, colonialism,@ (control by a powerful country of its former colonies (or other less developed countries) by economic pressures) }
{ [ diversion, verb.social:divert,+ ] [ recreation, adj.pert:recreational,+ verb.social:recreate,+ ] activity,@ (an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates; "scuba diving is provided as a diversion for tourists"; "for recreation he wrote poetry and solved crossword puzzles"; "drug abuse is often regarded as a form of recreation") }
{ [ antic, adj.all:strange^antic,+ verb.body:antic,+ ] [ joke, noun.person:jokester,+ ] [ prank, noun.person:prankster,+ ] [ trick, noun.person:trickster,+ ] caper2, put-on1, diversion,@ (a ludicrous or grotesque act done for fun and amusement) }
{ bathing, diversion,@ (immersing the body in water or sunshine) }
{ [ celebration, verb.social:celebrate1,+ verb.social:celebrate,+ ] [ festivity, adj.all:joyous^festive,+ ] diversion,@ (any joyous diversion) }
{ [ dancing, verb.creation:dance,+ ] [ dance, verb.creation:dance,+ ] [ terpsichore, adj.pert:terpsichorean,+ ] [ saltation1, verb.motion:saltate,+ ] diversion,@ noun.cognition:performing_arts,@ (taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music) }
{ [ entertainment, verb.social:entertain,+ ] [ amusement, verb.social:amuse,+ ] diversion,@ (an activity that is diverting and that holds the attention) }
{ escapade, [ lark, verb.motion:lark,+ ] diversion,@ (any carefree episode) }
{ escape2, [ escapism, noun.person:escapist,+ ] diversion,@ (an inclination to retreat from unpleasant realities through diversion or fantasy; "romantic novels were her escape from the stress of daily life"; "his alcohol problem was a form of escapism") }
{ eurythmy, eurhythmy, eurythmics, eurhythmics, motion,@ diversion,@ (the interpretation in harmonious bodily movements of the rhythm of musical compositions; used to teach musical understanding) }
{ [ fun, adj.all:humorous^funny,+ ] merriment, playfulness, diversion,@ (activities that are enjoyable or amusing; "I do it for the fun of it"; "he is fun to have around") }
{ [ gambling, verb.competition:gamble,+ ] [ gaming, verb.competition:game,+ ] [ play2, verb.competition:play8,+ verb.competition:play7,+ verb.competition:play3,+ verb.competition:play1,+ ] diversion,@ vice,@ (the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize); "his gambling cost him a fortune"; "there was heavy play at the blackjack table") }
{ game1, diversion,@ (an amusement or pastime; "they played word games"; "he thought of his painting as a game that filled his empty time"; "his life was all fun and games") }
{ [ jest, verb.communication:jest,+ verb.body:jest,+ ] [ joke1, adj.all:humorous^jocular,+ noun.person:jokester,+ verb.body:joke,+ verb.communication:joke,+ ] [ jocularity, adj.all:humorous^jocular,+ ] diversion,@ (activity characterized by good humor) }
{ nightlife, night_life, diversion,@ (the activity of people seeking nighttime diversion (as at the theater, a nightclub, etc.); "in the summer the nightlife shifts to the dance clubs") }
{ pastime, interest1, [ pursuit1, verb.social:pursue,+ ] diversion,@ (a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly); "sailing is her favorite pastime"; "his main pastime is gambling"; "he counts reading among his interests"; "they criticized the boy for his limited pursuits") }
{ [ play6, verb.social:play3,+ ] child's_play1, diversion,@ (activity by children that is guided more by imagination than by fixed rules; "Freud believed in the utility of play to a small child") }
{ house, child's_play1,@ (play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults; "the children were playing house") }
{ doctor, child's_play1,@ (children take the roles of physician or patient or nurse and pretend they are at the physician's office; "the children explored each other's bodies by playing the game of doctor") }
{ fireman, child's_play1,@ (play in which children pretend to put out a fire) }
{ [ avocation, adj.pert:avocational,+ ] by-line, [ hobby, noun.person:hobbyist,+ ] pursuit2, sideline, spare-time_activity, pastime,@ (an auxiliary activity) }
{ cup_of_tea, bag, dish, activity,@ (an activity that you like or at which you are superior; "chemistry is not my cup of tea"; "his bag now is learning to play golf"; "marriage was scarcely his dish") }
{ confectionery, occupation,@ (the occupation and skills of a confectioner) }
{ sport1, occupation,@ (the occupation of athletes who compete for pay) }
{ contact_sport, sport,@ (a sport that necessarily involves body contact between opposing players) }
{ outdoor_sport, field_sport, sport,@ (a sport that is played outdoors) }
{ [ gymnastics, adj.all:active1^gymnastic,+ adj.pert:gymnastic,+ ] gymnastic_exercise1, sport,@ (a sport that involves exercises intended to display strength and balance and agility) }
{ [ acrobatics, adj.all:active1^acrobatic,+ ] [ tumbling, verb.body:tumble,+ ] gymnastics,@ (the gymnastic moves of an acrobat) }
{ backbend, acrobatic_stunt,@ (an acrobatic feat in which the trunk is bent backward from a standing position until the hands touch the floor) }
{ back_circle, acrobatic_stunt,@ (a feat in which an acrobat arches the back from a prone position and bends the knees until the toes touch the head) }
{ walkover1, acrobatic_stunt,@ (backbends combined with handstands) }
{ [ cartwheel, verb.motion:cartwheel,+ ] acrobatic_stunt,@ (acrobatic revolutions with the body turned sideways and the arms and legs outstretched like the spokes of a wheel) }
{ crucifix, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise performed on the rings when the gymnast supports himself with both arms extended horizontally) }
{ dip1, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise on the parallel bars in which the body is lowered and raised by bending and straightening the arms) }
{ double_leg_circle, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise performed on the pommel horse when the gymnast (with legs together) swings his legs in a circle while alternating hands on the pommels) }
{ grand_circle, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise performed on the horizontal bar by swinging around it with the body fully extended) }
{ cardiopulmonary_exercise, exercise,@ (exercise intended to strengthen the circulatory system) }
{ gymnastic_exercise, exercise,@ gymnastics,;c ((gymnastics) an exercise designed to develop and display strength and agility and balance (usually performed with or on some gymnastic apparatus)) } 
{ handstand, gymnastic_exercise,@ (the act of supporting yourself by your hands alone in an upside down position) }
{ hang, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise performed on the rings or horizontal bar or parallel bars when the gymnast's weight is supported by the arms) }
{ bent_hang, hang,@ (a hang performed with the elbows bent) }
{ inverted_hang, hang,@ (a hang performed on the rings with the body upside down) }
{ lever_hang, hang,@ (a hang performed on the rings with the body stationary in a horizontal position) }
{ reverse_hang, hang,@ (a hang with the arms extended in back) }
{ straight_hang, hang,@ (a hang performed on the rings or parallel bars with the body erect and the arms at the sides) }
{ piked_reverse_hang, reverse_hang,@ (a reverse hang performed on the rings) }
{ kick_up, exercise,@ handstand,#p (raising the feet backward with the hands on the ground; a first movement in doing a handstand) }
{ handspring, acrobatic_stunt,@ (an acrobatic feat in which a person goes from a standing position to a handstand and back again) }
{ headstand, acrobatic_stunt,@ (an acrobatic feat in which a person balances on the head (usually with the help of the hands)) }
{ [ tumble, verb.body:tumble,+ ] acrobatic_stunt,@ (an acrobatic feat of rolling or turning end over end) }
{ split2, acrobatic_stunt,@ (extending the legs at right angles to the trunk (one in front and the other in back)) }
{ acrobatic_stunt, acrobatic_feat, stunt,@ acrobatics,#p (a stunt performed by an acrobat) }
{ kip, upstart, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise performed starting from a position with the legs over the upper body and moving to an erect position by arching the back and swinging the legs out and down while forcing the chest upright) }
{ long_fly, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise involving a long leap from a vaulting horse) }
{ scissors1, gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise performed on the pommel horse when the gymnast moves his legs as the blades of scissors move) }
{ [ straddle2, verb.stative:straddle1,+ ] gymnastic_exercise,@ (a gymnastic exercise performed with a leg on either side of the parallel bars) }
{ split3, stock_split, split_up, increase,@ (an increase in the number of outstanding shares of a corporation without changing the shareholders' equity; "they announced a two-for-one split of the common stock") }
{ reverse_split, reverse_stock_split, split_down, decrease,@ (a decrease in the number of outstanding shares of a corporation without changing the shareholders' equity) }
{ [ somersault, verb.motion:somersault,+ ] somerset, summersault, summerset, [ somersaulting, verb.motion:somersault,+ ] flip3, tumble,@ (an acrobatic feat in which the feet roll over the head (either forward or backward) and return) }
{ flip-flop, somersault,@ (a backward somersault) }
{ track_and_field, sport,@ noun.event:meet,#p (participating in athletic sports performed on a running track or on the field associated with it) }
{ track, [ running, verb.competition:run1,+ ] track_and_field,@ noun.event:track_meet,#p (the act of participating in an athletic competition involving running on a track) }
{ jumping, track_and_field,@ (the act of participating in an athletic competition in which you must jump) }
{ broad_jump, long_jump, jumping,@ (the act of jumping as far as possible from a running start) }
{ high_jump, jumping,@ (the act of jumping as high as possible over a horizontal bar) }
{ Fosbury_flop, high_jump,@ (jumping over the bar backwards and head first) }
{ [ skiing, verb.motion:ski,+ ] sport,@ (a sport in which participants must travel on skis) }
{ cross-country_skiing, skiing,@ (the sport of skiing across the countryside (rather than downhill)) }
{ [ ski_jumping, verb.motion:ski_jump,+ ] skiing,@ (the act of performing a jump on skis from a high ramp overhanging a snow covered slope) }
{ kick_turn, turn1,@ (a standing turn made in skiing; one ski is raised to the vertical and pivoted backward to become parallel with the other ski but headed in the opposite direction and then the other ski is aligned with the first) }
{ stem_turn, [ stem, verb.stative:stem3,+ ] turn1,@ (a turn made in skiing; the back of one ski is forced outward and the other ski is brought parallel to it) }
{ telemark, turn1,@ (a turn made in skiing; the outside ski is placed ahead and turned gradually inwards) }
{ water_sport, aquatics, sport,@ (sports that involve bodies of water) }
{ [ swimming, verb.motion:swim,+ ] [ swim, verb.motion:swim1,+ verb.motion:swim,+ ] water_sport,@ (the act of swimming; "it was the swimming they enjoyed most"; "they took a short swim in the pool") }
{ [ bathe, verb.motion:bathe,+ noun.person:bather,+ ] swimming,@ (the act of swimming for pleasure or recreation; "the Englishman said he had a good bathe") }
{ sea_bathing, bathing,@ (bathing in the sea or ocean) }
{ [ skinny-dip, noun.person:skinny-dipper,+ verb.motion:skinny-dip,+ ] swimming,@ (a naked swim) }
{ sun_bathing, bathing,@ (immersing the body in sunlight) }
{ [ dip, verb.motion:dip,+ ] [ plunge, verb.contact:plunge,+ verb.contact:plunge1,+ ] swimming,@ (a brief swim in water) }
{ [ dive1, verb.motion:dive2,+ ] [ diving, verb.motion:dive2,+ ] swimming,@ (a headlong plunge into water) }
{ [ floating, verb.motion:float1,+ ] natation, swimming,@ (the act of someone who floats on the water) }
{ dead-man's_float, prone_float, floating,@ (a floating position with the face down and arms stretched forward) }
{ belly_flop, belly_flopper, belly_whop, belly_whopper, dive1,@ (a dive in which the abdomen bears the main force of impact with the water) }
{ cliff_diving, dive1,@ (diving into the water from a steep overhanging cliff) }
{ flip2, dive1,@ (a dive in which the diver somersaults before entering the water) }
{ gainer, full_gainer, dive1,@ (a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward to complete a full backward somersault and enters the water feet first and facing away from the diving board) }
{ half_gainer, dive1,@ (a dive in which the diver throws the feet forward and up to complete a half backward somersault and enters the water facing the diving board) }
{ [ jackknife, verb.motion:jackknife,+ ] dive1,@ (a dive in which the diver bends to touch the ankles before straightening out) }
{ swan_dive, swallow_dive, dive1,@ (a dive in which the diver arches the back with arms outstretched before entering the water) }
{ skin_diving, [ skin-dive, verb.motion:skin-dive,+ ] swimming,@ (underwater swimming without any more breathing equipment than a snorkel) }
{ scuba_diving, skin_diving,@ (skin diving with scuba apparatus) }
{ [ snorkeling, verb.motion:snorkel,+ ] snorkel_diving, skin_diving,@ (skin diving with a snorkel) }
{ [ surfing, verb.motion:surf,+ ] surfboarding, surfriding, water_sport,@ (the sport of riding a surfboard toward the shore on the crest of a wave) }
{ [ water-skiing, verb.motion:water_ski,+ ] water_sport,@ (skiing on water while being towed by a motorboat) }
{ [ rowing, verb.motion:row,+ ] [ row, verb.motion:row,+ ] sport,@ (the act of rowing as a sport) }
{ crab, rowing,@ (a stroke of the oar that either misses the water or digs too deeply; "he caught a crab and lost the race") }
{ [ sculling, verb.motion:scull,+ ] rowing,@ (rowing by a single oarsman in a racing shell) }
{ [ boxing, verb.contact:box1,+ verb.contact:box,+ ] [ pugilism, adj.pert:pugilistic,+ noun.person:pugilist,+ ] fisticuffs, contact_sport,@ (fighting with the fists) }
{ professional_boxing, boxing,@ sport1,@ (boxing for money) }
{ in-fighting, boxing,@ (boxing at close quarters) }
{ [ fight3, verb.competition:fight,+ ] boxing,@ (a boxing or wrestling match; "the fight was on television last night") }
{ rope-a-dope, boxing,@ (a boxing tactic: pretending to be trapped against the ropes while your opponent wears himself out throwing punches) }
{ spar, [ sparring, verb.contact:spar,+ ] boxing,@ (making the motions of attack and defense with the fists and arms; a part of training for a boxer) }
{ archery, sport,@ (the sport of shooting arrows with a bow) }
{ [ sledding, verb.motion:sled,+ ] sport,@ (the sport of riding on a sled or sleigh) }
{ [ tobogganing, verb.motion:toboggan,+ ] sledding,@ (riding on a long light sled with low handrails) }
{ [ luging, verb.motion:luge,+ ] tobogganing,@ (riding a light one-man toboggan) }
{ bobsledding, sledding,@ (riding on a bobsled) }
{ [ wrestling, verb.contact:wrestle,+ ] rassling, [ grappling1, verb.contact:grapple1,+ ] contact_sport,@ (the sport of hand-to-hand struggle between unarmed contestants who try to throw each other down) }
{ flying_mare, wrestling,@ (a wrestling maneuver) }
{ Greco-Roman_wrestling, wrestling,@ (a style of wrestling where the wrestlers are forbidden to tackle or trip or use holds below the waist) }
{ professional_wrestling, wrestling,@ sport1,@ (wrestling for money) }
{ sumo, wrestling,@ sport1,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (a Japanese form of wrestling; you lose if you are forced out of a small ring or if any part of your body (other than your feet) touches the ground) }
{ [ skating, verb.motion:skate,+ ] sport,@ (the sport of gliding on skates) }
{ [ ice_skating, verb.motion:ice_skate,+ ] skating,@ (skating on ice) }
{ figure_skating, ice_skating,@ (ice skating where the skates trace outlines of selected figures) }
{ rollerblading, roller_skating,@ (skating using Rollerblades) }
{ roller_skating, skating,@ (skating on wheels) }
{ [ skateboarding, verb.motion:skateboard,+ ] skating,@ (the sport of skating on a skateboard) }
{ speed_skating, skating,@ (competitive skating on speed skates (usually around an oval course)) }
{ [ racing, verb.competition:race,+ ] sport,@ (the sport of engaging in contests of speed) }
{ auto_racing, car_racing, racing,@ (the sport of racing automobiles) }
{ boat_racing, racing,@ (the sport of racing boats) }
{ hydroplane_racing, boat_racing,@ (racing in high-speed motor boats) }
{ camel_racing, racing,@ (the sport of racing camels) }
{ greyhound_racing, racing,@ (the sport of racing greyhounds) }
{ horse_racing, racing,@ (the sport of racing horses) }
{ thoroughbred_racing, horse_racing,@ (the sport of racing thoroughbred horses) }
{ riding1, [ horseback_riding1, verb.motion:ride_horseback,+ ] equitation, sport,@ (the sport of sitting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements) }
{ equestrian_sport, riding1,@ (a sport that tests horsemanship) }
{ pony-trekking, riding1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a sport in which people ride across country on ponies) }
{ showjumping, stadium_jumping, equestrian_sport,@ noun.event:three-day_event,#p (riding horses in competitions over set courses to demonstrate skill in jumping over obstacles) }
{ cross-country_riding, cross-country_jumping, equestrian_sport,@ noun.event:three-day_event,#p (riding horses across country over obstructions to demonstrate horsemanship) }
{ [ cycling, verb.motion:cycle1,+ verb.motion:cycle,+ ] sport,@ (the sport of traveling on a bicycle or motorcycle) }
{ bicycling, cycling,@ (riding a bicycle) }
{ [ motorcycling1, verb.motion:motorcycle,+ ] cycling,@ (riding a motorcycle; "motorcycling is a dangerous sport") }
{ dune_cycling, cycling,@ (bicycling or motorcycling on sand dunes) }
{ blood_sport, sport,@ (sport that involves killing animals (especially hunting)) }
{ bullfighting, tauromachy, blood_sport,@ (the activity at a bullfight) }
{ cockfighting, blood_sport,@ (participation in the sport of matching gamecocks in a cockfight) }
{ [ hunt1, verb.motion:hunt,+ verb.competition:hunt2,+ verb.competition:hunt,+ ] [ hunting1, verb.competition:hunt2,+ verb.competition:hunt,+ ] outdoor_sport,@ blood_sport,@ (the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport) }
{ battue, hunt1,@ (a hunt in which beaters force the game to flee in the direction of the hunter) }
{ beagling, hunt1,@ (hunting rabbits with beagles) }
{ canned_hunt, hunt,@ (a hunt for animals that have been raised on game ranches until they are mature enough to be killed for trophy collections) }
{ [ coursing, verb.competition:course,+ ] hunt1,@ (hunting with dogs (usually greyhounds) that are trained to chase game (such as hares) by sight instead of by scent) }
{ deer_hunting, deer_hunt, hunt1,@ (hunting deer) }
{ ducking1, duck_hunting, hunt1,@ (hunting ducks) }
{ [ fox_hunting, verb.competition:foxhunt,+ ] [ foxhunt, verb.competition:foxhunt,+ ] hunt1,@ (mounted hunters follow hounds in pursuit of a fox) }
{ pigsticking, hunt1,@ (the sport of hunting wild boar with spears) }
{ [ farming1, verb.social:farm,+ ] land, occupation,@ (agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life; "farming is a strenuous life"; "there's no work on the land any more") }
{ [ fishing, verb.competition:fish,+ ] sportfishing, outdoor_sport,@ (the act of someone who fishes as a diversion) }
{ [ fishing1, verb.competition:fish,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (the occupation of catching fish for a living) }
{ angling, fishing,@ (fishing with a hook and line (and usually a pole)) }
{ fly-fishing, angling,@ (angling with an artificial fly as a lure) }
{ [ troll, verb.competition:troll,+ ] trolling, angling,@ (angling by drawing a baited line through the water) }
{ [ casting2, verb.contact:cast,+ ] cast2, fishing,@ (the act of throwing a fishing line out over the water by means of a rod and reel) }
{ bait_casting, casting2,@ (the single-handed rod casting of a relatively heavy (artificial) bait) }
{ fly_casting, casting2,@ (casting an artificial fly as a lure) }
{ overcast, casting2,@ (a cast that falls beyond the intended spot) }
{ surf_casting, surf_fishing, casting2,@ (casting (artificial) bait far out into the ocean (up to 200 yards) with the waves breaking around you) }
{ [ follow-up1, verb.change:follow_up,+ verb.change:follow_up1,+ ] [ followup1, verb.change:follow_up,+ verb.change:follow_up1,+ ] activity,@ (an activity that continues something that has already begun or that repeats something that has already been done) }
{ game, activity,@ (a contest with rules to determine a winner; "you need four people to play this game") }
{ game3, noun.event:contest,@ game,;c (a single play of a sport or other contest; "the game lasted two hours") }
{ [ day_game, night_game,! ] outdoor_game,@ (a game played in daylight) }
{ [ night_game, day_game,! ] outdoor_game,@ (a game played under artificial illumination at night) }
{ [ away_game, home_game,! ] road_game, game3,@ (a game played away from home) }
{ [ home_game, away_game,! ] game3,@ (a game played at home) }
{ exhibition_game, practice_game, game3,@ (a game whose outcome is not recorded in the season's standing) }
{ follow-on, innings,@ (an immediate second innings forced on a cricket team scoring a prescribed number of runs fewer than its opponents in the first innings) }
{ innings, turn6,@ cricket,#p noun.communication:plural,;u (the batting turn of a cricket player or team) }
{ turn6, play1, activity,@ game,;c ((game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession; "it is my turn"; "it is still my play") }
{ attack4, turn6,@ (an offensive move in a sport or game; "they won the game with a 10-hit attack in the 9th inning") }
{ opening, chess_opening, succession,@ chess,;c (a recognized sequence of moves at the beginning of a game of chess; "he memorized all the important chess openings") }
{ counterattack1, counterplay, attack4,@ chess,;c ((chess) an attack that is intended to counter the opponent's advantage in another part of the board) }
{ down, turn6,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a complete play to advance the football; "you have four downs to gain ten yards") }
{ bat, at-bat, turn6,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a turn trying to get a hit; "he was at bat when it happened"; "he got four hits in four at-bats") }
{ catch2, game1,@ (a cooperative game in which a ball is passed back and forth; "he played catch with his son in the backyard") }
{ party_game, game1,@ (a game to amuse guests at a party) }
{ computer_game, video_game, game1,@ (a game played against a computer) }
{ virtual_reality, computer_game,@ (a hypothetical three-dimensional visual world created by a computer; user wears special goggles and fiber optic gloves etc., and can enter and move about in this world and interact with objects as if inside it) }
{ pinball, pinball_game, game1,@ (a game played on a sloping board; the object is to propel marbles against pins or into pockets) }
{ pachinko, pinball,@ (a Japanese pinball game played on a vertical board) }
{ guessing_game, game1,@ (a game in which participants compete to identify some obscurely indicated thing) }
{ charades, guessing_game,@ (guessing game in which one player pantomimes a word or phrase for others to guess) }
{ ducks_and_drakes, game1,@ (a game in which a flat stone is bounced along the surface of calm water) }
{ mind_game1, game1,@ (any game designed to exercise the intellect) }
{ paper_chase, hare_and_hounds, game1,@ (an outdoor game; one group of players (the hares) start off on a long run scattering bits of paper (the scent) and pursuers (the hounds) try to catch them before they reach a designated spot) }
{ ring-around-the-rosy, ring-around-a-rosy, ring-a-rosy, game1,@ (a children's game in which the players dance around in a circle and at a given signal all squat) }
{ prisoner's_base, game1,@ (a children's game; two teams capture opposing players by tagging them and taking them to their own base) }
{ treasure_hunt, game1,@ (a game in which players try to find hidden articles by using a series of clues) }
{ nightcap, game3,@ twin_bill,#p (the final game of a double header) }
{ twin_bill, doubleheader, double_feature, game3,@ (two games instead of one (especially in baseball when the same two teams play two games on the same day)) }
{ playoff_game, game3,@ noun.event:playoff,#p (one game in the series of games constituting a playoff) }
{ cup_tie, game3,@ (an eliminating game between teams in a cup competition) }
{ war_game, simulation1,@ noun.group:military,;c (a simulation of a military operation intended to train military commanders or to demonstrate a situation or to test a proposed strategy) }
{ [ curling1, verb.competition:curl,+ ] game,@ noun.location:Scotland,;r (a game played on ice in which heavy stones with handles are slid toward a target) }
{ bowling, game,@ (a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over or moving them) }
{ frame1, noun.cognition:division,@ bowling,#p (one of the ten divisions into which bowling is divided) }
{ tenpins, tenpin_bowling, bowling,@ (bowling down an alley at a target of ten wooden pins) }
{ ninepins, skittles, bowling,@ (a bowling game that is played by rolling a bowling ball down a bowling alley at a target of nine wooden pins) }
{ duckpins, bowling,@ (a bowling game using a pin smaller than a tenpin but proportionately wider) }
{ candlepins, candlepin_bowling, bowling,@ (a bowling game using slender bowling pins) }
{ lawn_bowling, bowls, bowling,@ (a bowling game played on a level lawn with biased wooden balls that are rolled at a jack) }
{ bocce, bocci, boccie, bowling,@ (Italian bowling played on a long narrow dirt court) }
{ pall-mall, game,@ (a 17th century game; a wooden ball was driven along an alley with a mallet) }
{ athletic_game, sport,@ game,@ (a game involving athletic activity) }
{ ice_hockey, hockey1, hockey_game, athletic_game,@ contact_sport,@ (a game played on an ice rink by two opposing teams of six skaters each who try to knock a flat round puck into the opponents' goal with angled hockey sticks) }
{ goalkeeper, goalie, goaltender, netkeeper, position2,@ (the defensive position on an ice hockey or soccer or lacrosse team who stands in front of the goal and tries to prevent opposing players from scoring) }
{ tetherball, athletic_game,@ (a game with two players who use rackets to strike a ball that is tethered to the top of a pole; the object is to wrap the string around the pole) }
{ water_polo, athletic_game,@ (a game played in a swimming pool by two teams of swimmers who try to throw an inflated ball into the opponents' goal) }
{ outdoor_game, athletic_game,@ (an athletic game that is played outdoors) }
{ [ golf, verb.competition:golf,+ ] golf_game, outdoor_game,@ (a game played on a large open course with 9 or 18 holes; the object is use as few strokes as possible in playing all the holes) }
{ professional_golf, golf,@ sport1,@ (playing golf for money) }
{ round_of_golf, round3, golf,@ (the activity of playing 18 holes of golf; "a round of golf takes about 4 hours") }
{ medal_play, stroke_play, golf,@ (golf scoring by total strokes taken) }
{ match_play, golf,@ (golf scoring by holes won) }
{ miniature_golf, golf,@ (a novelty version of golf played with golf balls and putters on a miniature course featuring many obstacles) }
{ [ croquet, verb.competition:croquet,+ ] outdoor_game,@ (a game in which players hit a wooden ball through a series of hoops; the winner is the first to traverse all the hoops and hit a peg) }
{ paintball, outdoor_game,@ (a game that simulates military combat; players on one team try to eliminate players on the opposing team by shooting capsules of paint at them) }
{ quoits, horseshoes, outdoor_game,@ (a game in which iron rings (or open iron rings) are thrown at a stake in the ground in the hope of encircling it) }
{ shuffleboard, shovelboard, outdoor_game,@ (a game in which players use long sticks to shove wooden disks onto the scoring area marked on a smooth surface) }
{ field_game, outdoor_game,@ (an outdoor game played on a field of specified dimensions) }
{ field_hockey, hockey, field_game,@ (a game resembling ice hockey that is played on an open field; two opposing teams use curved hockey sticks try to drive a ball into the opponents' net) }
{ shinny, shinney, field_hockey,@ (a simple version of hockey played by children on the streets (or on ice or on a field) using a ball or can as the puck) }
{ [ football, noun.person:footballer,+ ] football_game, field_game,@ contact_sport,@ (any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal) }
{ American_football, American_football_game, football,@ (a game played by two teams of 11 players on a rectangular field 100 yards long; teams try to get possession of the ball and advance it across the opponents goal line in a series of (running or passing) plays) }
{ professional_football, football,@ sport1,@ football,;c (football played for pay) }
{ touch_football, American_football,@ (a version of American football in which the ball carrier is touched rather than tackled) }
{ hurling, field_game,@ (a traditional Irish game resembling hockey; played by two teams of 15 players each) }
{ rugby, rugby_football, rugger, football,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a form of football played with an oval ball) }
{ knock_on, play5,@ rugby,#p rugby,;c ((rugby) knocking the ball forward while trying to catch it (a foul)) }
{ ball_game, ballgame, field_game,@ baseball,;c (a field game played with a ball (especially baseball)) }
{ baseball, baseball_game, [ ball1, noun.artifact:ball1,+ ] ball_game,@ (a ball game played with a bat and ball between two teams of nine players; teams take turns at bat trying to score runs; "he played baseball in high school"; "there was a baseball game on every empty lot"; "there was a desire for National League ball in the area"; "play ball!") }
{ professional_baseball, baseball,@ sport1,@ (playing baseball for money) }
{ [ hardball, softball,! ] baseball,@ (baseball as distinguished from softball) }
{ perfect_game, baseball_game,@ (a game in which a pitcher does not allow any opposing player to reach base) }
{ no-hit_game, no-hitter, baseball_game,@ (a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team no hits) }
{ one-hitter, 1"-hitter, baseball_game,@ (a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only one hit) }
{ two-hitter, 2"-hitter, baseball_game,@ (a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 2 hits) }
{ three-hitter, 3"-hitter, baseball_game,@ (a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team only 3 hits) }
{ four-hitter, 4"-hitter, baseball_game,@ (a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 4 hits) }
{ five-hitter, 5"-hitter, baseball_game,@ (a game in which a pitcher allows the opposing team 5 hits) }
{ [ softball, hardball,! ] softball_game, baseball,@ (a game closely resembling baseball that is played on a smaller diamond and with a ball that is larger and softer) }
{ rounders, baseball,@ (an English ball game similar to baseball) }
{ stickball, stickball_game, baseball,@ (a form of baseball played in the streets with a rubber ball and broomstick handle) }
{ [ cricket, verb.competition:cricket,+ ] field_game,@ (a game played with a ball and bat by two teams of 11 players; teams take turns trying to score runs) }
{ run-up, approach,@ bowling1,#p noun.event:long_jump,#p noun.event:pole_vault,#p (the approach run during which an athlete gathers speed) }
{ Chinaman, bowling2,@ (a ball bowled by a left-handed bowler to a right-handed batsman that spins from off to leg) }
{ googly, wrong_'un, bosie, bosie_ball, bowling2,@ (a cricket ball bowled as if to break one way that actually breaks in the opposite way) }
{ no_ball, bowling2,@ (unlawfully delivered ball in cricket; "the umpire called it a no ball") }
{ lacrosse, field_game,@ (a game invented by American Indians; now played by two teams who use long-handled rackets to catch and carry and throw the ball toward the opponents' goal) }
{ polo, field_game,@ (a game similar to field hockey but played on horseback using long-handled mallets and a wooden ball) }
{ pushball, field_game,@ (a game using a leather ball six feet in diameter; the two side try to push it across the opponents' goal) }
{ ultimate_frisbee, field_game,@ (a game between two teams whose players try to toss a Frisbee to one another until they cross the opponents goal; possession changes hands when the Frisbee is intercepted or touches the ground or goes out of bounds) }
{ soccer, association_football, football,@ (a football game in which two teams of 11 players try to kick or head a ball into the opponents' goal) }
{ [ dribble, verb.contact:dribble,+ ] [ dribbling, verb.contact:dribble,+ ] propulsion,@ basketball,;c soccer,;c (the propulsion of a ball by repeated taps or kicks) }
{ double_dribble, dribble,@ basketball,;c (an illegal dribble in basketball (the player uses both hands to dribble or the player starts to dribble a second time after coming to a stop)) }
{ court_game, athletic_game,@ (an athletic game played on a court) }
{ handball, court_game,@ (a game played in a walled court or against a single wall by two or four players who strike a rubber ball with their hands) }
{ racquetball, court_game,@ (a game played on a handball court with short-handled rackets) }
{ fives, court_game,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a game resembling handball; played on a court with a front wall and two side walls) }
{ squash, squash_racquets, squash_rackets, court_game,@ (a game played in an enclosed court by two or four players who strike the ball with long-handled rackets) }
{ volleyball, volleyball_game, court_game,@ (a game in which two teams hit an inflated ball over a high net using their hands) }
{ jai_alai, pelota, court_game,@ (a Basque or Spanish game played in a court with a ball and a wickerwork racket) }
{ badminton, court_game,@ (a game played on a court with light long-handled rackets used to volley a shuttlecock over a net) }
{ battledore, battledore_and_shuttlecock, badminton,@ (an ancient racket game) }
{ basketball, basketball_game, hoops, court_game,@ (a game played on a court by two opposing teams of 5 players; points are scored by throwing the ball through an elevated horizontal hoop) }
{ tip-off, tap-off, jump_ball,@ basketball,#p (the act of starting a basketball game with a jump ball) }
{ professional_basketball, basketball,@ sport1,@ (playing basketball for money) }
{ deck_tennis, court_game,@ (game played mainly on board ocean liners; players toss a ring back and forth over a net that is stretched across a small court) }
{ netball, court_game,@ (a team game that resembles basketball; a soccer ball is to be thrown so that it passes through a ring on the top of a post) }
{ tennis, lawn_tennis, court_game,@ (a game played with rackets by two or four players who hit a ball back and forth over a net that divides the court) }
{ break7, break_of_serve, score,@ tennis,;c ((tennis) a score consisting of winning a game when your opponent was serving; "he was up two breaks in the second set") }
{ [ equalizer, verb.competition:equalize,+ ] score,@ (a score that makes the match even) }
{ professional_tennis, tennis,@ sport1,@ (playing tennis for money) }
{ singles, tennis,@ (tennis played with one person on each side) }
{ singles1, badminton,@ (badminton played with one person on each side) }
{ doubles, tennis,@ (tennis played with two players on each side) }
{ doubles1, badminton,@ (badminton played with two players on each side) }
{ royal_tennis, real_tennis, court_tennis, tennis,@ (an ancient form of tennis played in a four-walled court) }
{ pallone, court_game,@ (an Italian game similar to tennis) }
{ child's_game, game,@ (a game enjoyed by children) }
{ blindman's_bluff, blindman's_buff, child's_game,@ (a children's game in which a blindfolded player tries to catch and identify other players) }
{ cat_and_mouse, cat_and_rat, child's_game,@ (a game for children in which the players form a circle and join hands; they raise their hands to let a player inside the circle or lower their hands to bar a second player who is chasing the first) }
{ cat's_cradle, child's_game,@ (a game played with string looped over the fingers) }
{ hide-and-seek, hide_and_go_seek, child's_game,@ (a game in which a child covers his eyes while the other players hide then tries to find them) }
{ hopscotch, child's_game,@ (a game in which a child tosses a stone into an area drawn on the ground and then hops through it and back to regain the stone) }
{ jacks, jackstones, knucklebones, child's_game,@ (a game in which jackstones are thrown and picked up in various groups between bounces of a small rubber ball) }
{ jackstraws, spillikins, child's_game,@ (a game in which players try to pick each jackstraw (or spillikin) off of a pile without moving any of the others) }
{ jump_rope, child's_game,@ cardiopulmonary_exercise,@ (a child's game or a cardiopulmonary exercise in which the player jumps over a swinging rope) }
{ double_Dutch, jump_rope,@ (the difficult version of jump rope in which players jump over two ropes that are swung in a crisscross manner by two turners) }
{ [ leapfrog, verb.motion:leapfrog,+ ] child's_game,@ (a game in which one child bends down and another leaps over) }
{ leapfrog1, progress,@ (advancing as if in the child's game, by leaping over obstacles or competitors; "the company still believes the chip is a leapfrog in integration and will pay huge dividends") }
{ marbles, child's_game,@ (a children's game played with little balls made of a hard substance (as glass)) }
{ mumblety-peg, mumble-the-peg, child's_game,@ (a game in which players throw or flip a jackknife in various ways so that the knife sticks in the ground) }
{ musical_chairs, going_to_Jerusalem, child's_game,@ (a child's game in which players march to music around a group of chairs that contains one chair less than the number of players; when the music abruptly stops the players scramble to sit and the player who does not find a chair is eliminated; then a chair is removed and the march resumes until only the winner is seated) }
{ peekaboo, bopeep, child's_game,@ (a game played with young children; you hide your face and suddenly reveal it as you say boo!) }
{ pillow_fight, child's_game,@ (a child's game of fighting with pillows) }
{ post_office, child's_game,@ (a children's game in which kisses are exchanged for pretended letters) }
{ spin_the_bottle, child's_game,@ (a game in which a player spins a bottle and kisses the person that it points to when it stops spinning) }
{ spin_the_plate, spin_the_platter, child's_game,@ (a game in which something round (as a plate) is spun on edge and the name of a player is called; the named player must catch the spinning object before it falls or pay a forfeit) }
{ [ tag1, verb.motion:tag,+ ] child's_game,@ (a game in which one child chases the others; the one who is caught becomes the next chaser) }
{ tiddlywinks, child's_game,@ (a game in which players try to flip plastic disks into a cup by pressing them on the side sharply with a larger disk) }
{ card_game, cards, game,@ (a game played with playing cards) }
{ cut9, [ cutting9, verb.contact:cut5,+ ] division,@ card_game,#p (the division of a deck of cards before dealing; "he insisted that we give him the last cut before every deal"; "the cutting of the cards soon became a ritual") }
{ all_fours, high-low-jack, card_game,@ (card games in which points are won for taking the high or low or jack or game) }
{ baccarat, chemin_de_fer, card_game,@ (a card game played in casinos in which two or more punters gamble against the banker; the player wins who holds 2 or 3 cards that total closest to nine) }
{ beggar-my-neighbor, beggar-my-neighbour, strip-Jack-naked, card_game,@ (a card game for two players in which the object is to win all of the other player's cards) }
{ blackjack, twenty-one, vingt-et-un, card_game,@ (a gambling game using cards; the object is to hold cards having a higher count than those dealt to the banker up to but not exceeding 21) }
{ bridge, card_game,@ (any of various card games based on whist for four players) }
{ bridge_whist, bridge,@ (the earliest form of bridge; the dealer could name the trump suit) }
{ auction1, auction_bridge, bridge,@ (a variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward game; now generally superseded by contract bridge) }
{ contract1, contract_bridge, bridge,@ (a variety of bridge in which the bidder receives points toward game only for the number of tricks he bid) }
{ no-trump, contract1,@ (a version of contract bridge in which no suit is designated as trump for the duration of the hand) }
{ casino, cassino, card_game,@ (a card game in which cards face up on the table are taken with eligible cards in the hand) }
{ cribbage, crib, card_game,@ (a card game (usually for two players) in which each player is dealt six cards and discards one or two) }
{ crib1, noun.artifact:playing_card,@ cribbage,#p (the cards discarded by players at cribbage) }
{ ecarte, card_game,@ (a card game for 2 players; played with 32 cards and king high) }
{ euchre, five_hundred, card_game,@ (a card game similar to ecarte; each player is dealt 5 cards and the player making trump must take 3 tricks to win a hand) }
{ fantan1, sevens, parliament, card_game,@ (a card game in which you play your sevens and other cards in sequence in the same suit as the sevens; you win if you are the first to use all your cards) }
{ faro, card_game,@ (a card game in which players bet against the dealer on the cards he will draw from a dealing box) }
{ Go_Fish, card_game,@ (a card game for two players who try to assemble books of cards by asking the opponent for particular cards) }
{ monte, four-card_monte, three-card_monte, card_game,@ (a gambling card game of Spanish origin; 3 or 4 cards are dealt face up and players bet that one of them will be matched before the others as the cards are dealt from the pack one at a time) }
{ Michigan, Chicago, Newmarket, boodle, stops, card_game,@ (a gambling card game in which chips are placed on the ace and king and queen and jack of separate suits (taken from a separate deck); a player plays the lowest card of a suit in his hand and successively higher cards are played until the sequence stops; the player who plays a card matching one in the layout wins all the chips on that card) }
{ Napoleon, nap1, card_game,@ (a card game similar to whist; usually played for stakes) }
{ old_maid, card_game,@ (a card game using a pack of cards from which one queen has been removed; players match cards and the player holding the unmatched queen at the end of the game is the loser (or `old maid')) }
{ pinochle, pinocle, penuchle, bezique, card_game,@ (a card game played with a pack of forty-eight cards (two of each suit for high cards); play resembles whist) }
{ piquet, card_game,@ (a card game for two players using a reduced pack of 32 cards) }
{ pisha_paysha, card_game,@ noun.communication:Yiddish,;c ((Yiddish) a card game for two players one of whom is usually a child; the deck is place face down with one card face upward; players draw from the deck alternately hoping to build up or down from the open card; the player with the fewest cards when the deck is exhausted is the winner) }
{ poker, poker_game, card_game,@ (any of various card games in which players bet that they hold the highest-ranking hand) }
{ rouge_et_noir, trente-et-quarante, card_game,@ (a card game in which two rows of cards are dealt and players can bet on the color of the cards or on which row will have a count nearer some number) }
{ rummy, rum, card_game,@ (a card game based on collecting sets and sequences; the winner is the first to meld all their cards) }
{ solitaire, patience1, card_game,@ (a card game played by one person) }
{ canfield, solitaire,@ (a form of solitaire that involves gambling) }
{ klondike, solitaire,@ (a form of solitaire that begins with seven piles of cards with the top cards facing up; descending sequences of cards of alternating colors are built on these piles; as aces become available they are placed above the seven piles; the object is to build sequences in suit from ace to king as the remaining cards are dealt out one at a time) }
{ whist, long_whist, short_whist, card_game,@ (a card game for four players who form two partnerships; a pack of 52 cards is dealt and each side scores one point for each trick it takes in excess of six) }
{ dummy_whist, whist,@ (a form of whist with three players; four hands are dealt with the hand opposite the dealer being face up) }
{ hearts, Black_Maria, whist,@ (a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades) }
{ Russian_bank, crapette, solitaire,@ (solitaire with two players using separate packs) }
{ gin, gin_rummy, knock_rummy, rummy,@ (a form of rummy in which a player can go out if the cards remaining in their hand total less than 10 points) }
{ canasta, basket_rummy, [ meld, verb.communication:meld,+ ] rummy,@ (a form of rummy using two decks of cards and four jokers; jokers and deuces are wild; the object is to form groups of the same rank) }
{ bolivia, canasta,@ (a form of canasta in which sequences can be melded) }
{ samba1, canasta,@ (a form of canasta using three decks of cards and six jokers) }
{ draw1, draw_poker, poker,@ (poker in which a player can discard cards and receive substitutes from the dealer; "he played only draw and stud") }
{ high-low, poker,@ (poker in which the high and low hands split the pot) }
{ penny_ante, penny_ante_poker, poker,@ (poker played for small stakes) }
{ straight_poker, poker,@ (poker in which each player gets 5 cards face down and bets are made without drawing any further cards) }
{ strip_poker, poker,@ (poker in which a player's losses are paid by removing an article of clothing) }
{ stud, stud_poker, poker,@ (poker in which each player receives hole cards and the remainder are dealt face up; bets are placed after each card is dealt) }
{ cinch, all_fours,@ (a form of all fours in which the players bid for the privilege of naming trumps) }
{ [ pitch1, verb.competition:pitch4,+ ] auction_pitch, all_fours,@ (an all-fours game in which the first card led is a trump) }
{ seven-up, old_sledge, all_fours,@ (a form of all fours in which a total of seven points is game) }
{ royal_casino, casino,@ (a form of casino in which face cards have extra point values) }
{ spade_casino, casino,@ (a form of casino in which spades have the value of one point) }
{ table_game, game,@ (a game that is played on a table) }
{ table_tennis, [ Ping-Pong, noun.communication:trademark,;u ] table_game,@ (a game (trademark Ping-Pong) resembling tennis but played on a table with paddles and a light hollow ball) }
{ dominoes, dominos, table_game,@ (any of several games played with small rectangular blocks) }
{ nim, table_game,@ (game in which matchsticks are arranged in rows and players alternately remove one or more of them; in some versions the object is to take the last remaining matchstick on the table and in other versions the object is to avoid taking the last remaining matchstick on the table) }
{ billiards, table_game,@ (any of several games played on rectangular cloth-covered table (with cushioned edges) in which long tapering cue sticks are used to propel ivory (or composition) balls) }
{ [ break3, verb.contact:break14,+ ] shot6,@ billiards,#p pool,#p (the opening shot that scatters the balls in billiards or pool) }
{ [ carom, verb.contact:carom,+ ] [ cannon, verb.competition:cannon1,+ ] shot6,@ billiards,#p pool,#p (a shot in billiards in which the cue ball contacts one object ball and then the other) }
{ masse, masse_shot, shot6,@ billiards,#p pool,#p (a shot in billiards made by hitting the cue ball with the cue held nearly vertically; the cue ball spins around another ball before hitting the object ball) }
{ miscue, shot6,@ billiards,#p pool,#p (a faulty shot in billiards; the cue tip slips off the cue ball) }
{ pool, pocket_billiards, table_game,@ (any of various games played on a pool table having 6 pockets) }
{ [ snooker, verb.competition:snooker,+ ] pool,@ (a form of pool played with 15 red balls and six balls of other colors and a cue ball) }
{ bagatelle, bar_billiards, table_game,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a table game in which short cues are used to knock balls into holes that are guarded by wooden pegs; penalties are incurred if the pegs are knocked over) }
{ parlor_game, parlour_game, game,@ (a game suitable for playing in a parlor) }
{ word_game, parlor_game,@ (any game involving the formation or alteration or discovery of words) }
{ anagrams, word_game,@ (a game whose object is to form words from a group of randomly chosen letters) }
{ Scrabble, word_game,@ board_game,@ noun.communication:trademark,;u (a board game in which words are formed from letters in patterns similar to a crossword puzzle; each letter has a value and those values are used to score the game) }
{ board_game, parlor_game,@ (a game played on a specially designed board) }
{ backgammon, board_game,@ (a board game for two players; pieces move according to throws of the dice) }
{ checkers, draughts, board_game,@ (a checkerboard game for two players who each have 12 pieces; the object is to jump over and so capture the opponent's pieces) }
{ chess, chess_game, board_game,@ (a board game for two players who move their 16 pieces according to specific rules; the object is to checkmate the opponent's king) }
{ Chinese_checkers, Chinese_chequers, board_game,@ (a board game in which each player tries to move a set of marbles through a set of holes from one point of a six-pointed star to the opposite point) }
{ darts, board_game,@ (a game in which small pointed missiles are thrown at a dartboard) }
{ go, go_game, board_game,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (a board game for two players who place counters on a grid; the object is to surround and so capture the opponent's counters) }
{ halma, board_game,@ (a board game in which players try to move their pieces into their opponent's bases) }
{ lotto, bingo, beano, keno, board_game,@ (a game in which numbered balls are drawn at random and players cover the corresponding numbers on their cards) }
{ tombola, lottery,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a lottery in which tickets are drawn from a revolving drum) }
{ ludo, board_game,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a simple board game in which players move counters according to the throw of dice) }
{ Mah-Jongg, mahjong, board_game,@ (Chinese game played by 4 people with 144 tiles) }
{ Monopoly, board_game,@ noun.communication:trademark,;u (a board game in which players try to gain a monopoly on real estate as pieces advance around the board according to the throw of a die) }
{ pachisi, parchesi, parchisi, board_game,@ (an ancient board game resembling backgammon; played on a cross-shaped board) }
{ Parcheesi, pachisi,@ noun.communication:trademark,;u (a modern board game based on pachisi) }
{ shogi, chess,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (a form of chess played on a board of 81 squares; each player has 20 pieces) }
{ shovel_board, shove-halfpenny, shove-ha'penny, board_game,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a game in which coins or discs are slid by hand across a board toward a mark) }
{ snakes_and_ladders, board_game,@ (a board game for children who use dice to move counters up ladders and down snakes) }
{ ticktacktoe, ticktacktoo, tick-tack-toe, tic-tac-toe, tit-tat-toe, noughts_and_crosses, board_game,@ (a game in which two players alternately put crosses and circles in one of the compartments of a square grid of nine spaces; the object is to get a row of three crosses or three circles before the opponent does) }
{ sporting_life, gambling,@ (active interest in gambling on sports events) }
{ [ bet, verb.competition:bet,+ ] [ wager, verb.competition:wager,+ verb.communication:wager,+ ] gambling,@ (the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet") }
{ daily_double, bet,@ (a single bet on two horse races in the same day) }
{ exacta, perfecta, bet,@ (a bet that you can pick the first and second finishers in the right order) }
{ parimutuel, bet,@ (betting where winners share the total amount wagered) }
{ parlay, bet,@ (a series of wagers in which the winnings from one wager are used as a stake for the subsequent wagers) }
{ place_bet, bet,@ (a bet that a horse will finish a race no worse than second) }
{ superfecta, bet,@ (a bet that you can pick the first four finishers in a race in the right order) }
{ game_of_chance, gambling_game, gambling,@ game,@ (a game that involves gambling) }
{ fantan, fan_tan, game_of_chance,@ (a Chinese gambling game; a random number of counters are placed under a bowl and you gamble on how many will be left (0, 1, 2, or 3 modulo 4)) }
{ lottery, [ drawing3, verb.competition:draw1,+ ] game_of_chance,@ (players buy (or are given) chances and prizes are distributed by casting lots) }
{ lucky_dip, lottery,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a game in which prizes (e.g., candies or coins) are concealed in a container and for a small sum a player can draw one out at random) }
{ numbers_pool, numbers_game, numbers_racket, numbers, lottery,@ (an illegal daily lottery) }
{ [ raffle, verb.possession:raffle,+ ] lottery,@ (a lottery in which the prizes are goods rather than money) }
{ sweepstakes, lottery,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (a lottery in which the prize consists of the money paid by the participants) }
{ craps, game_of_chance,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (a gambling game played with two dice; a first throw of 7 or 11 wins and a first throw of 2, 3, or 12 loses and a first throw of any other number must be repeated to win before a 7 is thrown, which loses the bet and the dice) }
{ crap_shooting, crapshoot, crap_game, craps,@ (playing craps) }
{ roulette, game_of_chance,@ (a gambling game in which players bet on which compartment of a revolving wheel a small ball will come to rest in) }
{ banking_game, game_of_chance,@ (any gambling game in which bets are laid against the gambling house or the dealer) }
{ zero-sum_game, game,@ noun.cognition:game_theory,;c (a game in which the total of all the gains and losses is zero) }
{ [ merrymaking, verb.social:make_merry,+ ] conviviality, [ jollification, verb.social:jollify,+ ] celebration,@ (a boisterous celebration; a merry festivity) }
{ jinks, high_jinks, hijinks, high_jinx, merrymaking,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (noisy and mischievous merrymaking) }
{ [ revel, verb.social:revel,+ ] [ revelry, verb.social:revel,+ ] merrymaking,@ (unrestrained merrymaking) }
{ sexcapade, escapade,@ (a sexual escapade; an illicit affair) }
{ [ spree, verb.consumption:spree,+ ] [ fling, verb.possession:fling1,+ ] intemperance,@ (a brief indulgence of your impulses) }
{ spending_spree, spree,@ (a brief period of extravagant spending) }
{ bust, tear1, [ binge, verb.consumption:binge,+ ] bout1, revelry,@ (an occasion for excessive eating or drinking; "they went on a bust that lasted three days") }
{ piss-up, bust,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (vulgar expression for a bout of heavy drinking) }
{ [ carouse, verb.social:carouse,+ ] [ carousal, verb.social:carouse,+ ] bender, toot, booze-up, revelry,@ (revelry in drinking; a merry drinking party) }
{ [ orgy2, adj.all:sexy^orgiastic,+ adj.all:intoxicated^orgiastic,+ ] [ debauch, verb.social:debauch,+ ] [ debauchery, verb.social:debauch,+ ] saturnalia1, [ riot1, adj.all:immoral^riotous,+ verb.social:riot1,+ ] [ bacchanal, adj.all:intoxicated^bacchanal,+ adj.all:intoxicated^bacchanalian,+ ] bacchanalia1, drunken_revelry, revelry,@ (a wild gathering involving excessive drinking and promiscuity) }
{ carnival, festival,@ (a festival marked by merrymaking and processions) }
{ Dionysia, Bacchanalia, festival,@ (an orgiastic festival in ancient Greece in honor of Dionysus (= Bacchus)) }
{ [ play, verb.social:play,+ verb.social:play3,+ ] [ frolic, verb.motion:frolic,+ ] [ romp, verb.motion:romp,+ ] [ gambol, verb.motion:gambol,+ ] [ caper, verb.motion:caper,+ ] diversion,@ (gay or light-hearted recreational activity for diversion or amusement; "it was all done in play"; "their frolic in the surf threatened to become ugly") }
{ caper3, capriole1, leap,@ (a playful leap or hop) }
{ capriole, jump,@ dressage,;c ((dressage) a vertical jump of a trained horse with a kick of the hind legs at the top of the jump) }
{ [ flirt, adj.all:sexy^flirtatious,+ verb.communication:flirt,+ ] [ flirting, verb.social:flirt,+ verb.communication:flirt,+ ] [ flirtation, verb.communication:flirt,+ ] [ coquetry, verb.communication:coquet,+ ] [ dalliance1, verb.social:dally,+ verb.communication:dally,+ ] [ toying, verb.social:toy,+ ] play,@ (playful behavior intended to arouse sexual interest) }
{ folly, [ foolery, verb.communication:fool,+ ] tomfoolery, [ craziness, adj.all:impractical^crazy,+ adj.all:excited^crazy,+ ] [ lunacy, adj.all:insane^lunatic,+ ] indulgence1, play,@ (foolish or senseless behavior) }
{ game4, play,@ (frivolous or trifling behavior; "for actors, memorizing lines is no game"; "for him, life is all fun and games") }
{ meshugaas, mishegaas, mishegoss, folly,@ noun.communication:Yiddish,;c ((Yiddish) craziness; senseless behavior or activity) }
{ buffoonery, [ clowning, verb.body:clown,+ ] japery, [ frivolity, adj.all:frivolous,+ ] harlequinade, prank1, folly,@ (acting like a clown or buffoon) }
{ shtik1, schtik1, shtick1, schtick1, buffoonery,@ noun.communication:Yiddish,;c ((Yiddish) a prank or piece of clowning; "his shtik made us laugh") }
{ horseplay, play,@ (rowdy or boisterous play) }
{ teasing1, play,@ (playful vexation; "the parody was just a form of teasing") }
{ word_play, play,@ (playing on words or speech sounds) }
{ dirty_trick, antic,@ (an unkind or aggressive trick) }
{ practical_joke, antic,@ (a prank or trick played on a person (especially one intended to make the victim appear foolish)) }
{ April_fool, practical_joke,@ (a practical joke or trick played on the first day of April) }
{ hotfoot, practical_joke,@ (a practical joke that involves inserting a match surreptitiously between the sole and upper of the victim's shoe and then lighting it) }
{ rag2, practical_joke,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a boisterous practical joke (especially by college students)) }
{ snipe_hunt, practical_joke,@ (an elaborate practical joke in which the unsuspecting victim hunts a snipe and is typically left in the dark holding a bag and waiting for the snipe to run into it; "in the South a snipe hunt is practically a rite of passage") }
{ drollery, waggery, jest,@ (a quaint and amusing jest) }
{ leg-pull, leg-pulling, jest,@ (as a joke: trying to make somebody believe something that is not true) }
{ pleasantry, jest,@ (an agreeable or amusing remark; "they exchange pleasantries") }
{ beguilement, distraction1, entertainment,@ (an entertainment that provokes pleased interest and distracts you from worries and vexations) }
{ edutainment, entertainment,@ (entertainment that is intended to be educational) }
{ extravaganza, entertainment,@ (any lavishly staged or spectacular entertainment) }
{ militainment, entertainment,@ noun.group:military,;c (entertainment with military themes in which the Department of Defense is celebrated) }
{ nightlife1, night_life1, entertainment,@ (the entertainment available to people seeking nighttime diversion; "a futile search for intelligent nightlife") }
{ [ celebration1, verb.social:celebrate1,+ ] [ solemnization, verb.social:solemnize1,+ verb.social:solemnize,+ ] [ solemnisation, verb.social:solemnise1,+ verb.social:solemnise,+ ] ritual1,@ (the public performance of a sacrament or solemn ceremony with all appropriate ritual; "the celebration of marriage") }
{ Isthmian_Games, agon,@ (the ancient Panhellenic games held biennially on the Isthmus of Corinth in the first and third years of each Olympiad) }
{ Nemean_Games, agon,@ (the ancient Panhellenic games held biennially at Nemea in the second and fourth years of each Olympiad) }
{ Olympian_Games, Olympic_Games, agon,@ (the ancient Panhellenic celebration at Olympia in honor of Zeus; held every 4 years beginning in 776 BC) }
{ Pythian_Games, agon,@ (the ancient Panhellenic celebration at Delphi held every four years in the third year of the Olympiad in honor of Apollo) }
{ Royal_National_Eisteddfod, eisteddfod,@ (an eisteddfod with competitions in music and drama and poetry and the fine arts) }
{ eisteddfod, festival,@ singing,;c (any of several annual Welsh festivals involving artistic competitions (especially in singing)) }
{ film_festival, festival,@ (a cinematic festival that features films (usually films produced during the past year)) }
{ feria, celebration,@ noun.communication:Spanish,;c ((in Spanish speaking regions) a local festival or fair, usually in honor of some patron saint) }
{ festival, fete, festivity,@ (an organized series of acts and performances (usually in one place); "a drama festival") }
{ jazz_festival, festival,@ (a festival that features performances by jazz artists) }
{ Kwanzaa, Kwanza, festival,@ (a festival featuring African-American culture; celebrated between Christmas and New Year) }
{ Oktoberfest, festival,@ noun.location:Germany,;r (an autumn festival that involves merrymaking and drinking beer) }
{ Saturnalia, festival,@ (an orgiastic festival in ancient Rome in honor of Saturn) }
{ sheepshearing2, festival,@ (a festival held at the time sheep are normally sheared) }
{ gala, gala_affair, jamboree, blowout, festivity,@ (a gay festivity) }
{ Ludi_Saeculares, secular_games, festivity,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (the centennial rites and games of ancient Rome that marked the commencement of a new generation (100 years representing the longest life in a generation); observances may have begun as early as the 5th century BC and lasted well into the Christian era) }
{ victory_celebration, festivity,@ (a celebration following a victory in a battle or sports competition) }
{ whoopee, revelry,@ (noisy and boisterous revelry) }
{ carnival1, fair1, funfair, show,@ (a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.) }
{ dog_show, show,@ (a competitive exhibition of dogs) }
{ horseshow, show,@ (a competitive exhibition of horses) }
{ raree-show, show,@ (a street show) }
{ circus, show,@ (a performance given by a traveling company of acrobats, clowns, and trained animals; "the children always love to go to the circus") }
{ three-ring_circus, circus,@ (a circus with simultaneous performances in three rings) }
{ Mardi_Gras, Fat_Tuesday, carnival,@ noun.location:New_Orleans,#p (a carnival held in some countries on Shrove Tuesday (the last day before Lent) but especially in New Orleans) }
{ [ show, adj.all:theatrical^showy,+ verb.perception:show2,+ ] entertainment,@ (the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining; "a remarkable show of skill") }
{ cabaret, floorshow, floor_show, show,@ (a series of acts at a night club) }
{ ice_show, show,@ (any entertainment performed by ice skaters) }
{ [ interlude, verb.creation:interlude,+ ] intermezzo, entr'acte, show,@ noun.communication:music,;c (a brief show (music or dance etc) inserted between the sections of a longer performance) }
{ [ parade, verb.motion:parade1,+ ] display,@ (a visible display; "she made a parade of her sorrows") }
{ [ display, verb.perception:display,+ ] [ exhibit, verb.perception:exhibit1,+ ] [ showing, verb.perception:show2,+ ] show,@ (something shown to the public; "the museum had many exhibits of oriental art") }
{ light_show, display,@ (a display of colored lights moving in shifting patterns) }
{ [ presentation, verb.perception:present,+ ] [ presentment2, verb.perception:present,+ verb.creation:present8,+ verb.creation:present,+ ] [ demonstration, verb.perception:demonstrate1,+ ] show,@ (a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view; "the presentation of new data"; "he gave the customer a demonstration") }
{ demonstration2, show,@ noun.group:military,;c (a show of military force or preparedness; "he confused the enemy with feints and demonstrations") }
{ [ exhibition, verb.stative:exhibit,+ verb.perception:exhibit1,+ ] presentation,@ (the act of exhibiting; "a remarkable exhibition of musicianship") }
{ [ repudiation, verb.communication:repudiate4,+ ] [ debunking, verb.communication:debunk,+ ] exposure5,@ (the exposure of falseness or pretensions; "the debunking of religion has been too successful") }
{ [ exposure5, verb.perception:expose3,+ verb.perception:expose,+ ] presentation,@ (presentation to view in an open or public manner; "the exposure of his anger was shocking") }
{ [ production1, verb.perception:produce1,+ ] exhibition,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the act of exhibiting in a court of law; "the appellate court demanded the production of all documents") }
{ rodeo, exhibition,@ (an exhibition of cowboy skills) }
{ road_show, show,@ (a show on tour) }
{ sideshow, show,@ (a minor show that is part of a larger one (as at the circus)) }
{ Wild_West_Show, Buffalo_Bill's_Wild_West_Show, show,@ (a spectacular show organized in 1883 by William F. Cody that featured horseback riding and marksmanship on a large scale; toured the United States and Europe) }
{ [ sport, verb.motion:sport,+ ] [ athletics, adj.all:active1^athletic,+ ] diversion,@ (an active diversion requiring physical exertion and competition) }
{ adagio, dancing,@ pas_de_deux,#p (a slow section of a pas de deux requiring great skill and strength by the dancers) }
{ break_dancing, [ break_dance, verb.motion:break_dance,+ ] dancing,@ (a form of solo dancing that involves rapid acrobatic moves in which different parts of the body touch the ground; normally performed to the rhythm of rap music) }
{ courante, dancing,@ (a court dance of the 16th century; consisted of short advances and retreats) }
{ nautch, nauch, nautch_dance, dancing,@ (an intricate traditional dance in India performed by professional dancing girls) }
{ pavane, pavan, dancing,@ (a stately court dance of the 16th and 17th centuries) }
{ [ phrase, adj.pert:phrasal,+ ] dancing,@ (dance movements that are linked in a single choreographic sequence) }
{ saraband, dancing,@ (a stately court dance of the 17th and 18th centuries; in slow time) }
{ [ skank, verb.motion:skank,+ ] dancing,@ (a rhythmic dance to reggae music performed by bending forward and extending the hands while bending the knees) }
{ [ slam_dancing, verb.motion:slam_dance,+ ] [ slam_dance, verb.motion:slam_dance,+ ] dancing,@ (a form of dancing in which dancers slam into one another; normally performed to punk rock) }
{ step_dancing, hoofing, dancing,@ (dancing in which the steps are more important than gestures or postures) }
{ tap_dancing, [ tap_dance, verb.creation:tap_dance,+ ] step_dancing,@ (a dance step tapped out audibly with the feet) }
{ toe_dancing, toe_dance, dancing,@ (a dance performed on tiptoe) }
{ soft-shoe, soft-shoe_shuffle, soft-shoe_dancing, tap_dancing,@ (tap dancing wearing shoes that have soft soles) }
{ buck-and-wing, tap_dancing,@ (a solo tap dance emphasizing sharp taps) }
{ stage_dancing, choreography, dancing,@ noun.communication:show,@ (a show involving artistic dancing) }
{ [ ballet, adj.pert:balletic,+ ] concert_dance, stage_dancing,@ (a theatrical representation of a story that is performed to music by trained dancers) }
{ pas_seul, variation2, dancing,@ ballet,;c ((ballet) a solo dance or dance figure) }
{ pas_de_deux, duet1, dancing,@ ballet,#p ((ballet) a dance for two people (usually a ballerina and a danseur noble)) }
{ pas_de_trois, dancing,@ ballet,#p ((ballet) a dance for three people) }
{ pas_de_quatre, dancing,@ ballet,#p ((ballet) a dance for four people) }
{ classical_ballet, ballet,@ (a style of ballet based on precise conventional steps performed with graceful and flowing movements) }
{ modern_ballet, ballet,@ (a style of ballet that admits a wider variety of movements) }
{ comedy_ballet, ballet,@ (a ballet that stresses the drama with features of comedy) }
{ modern_dance, stage_dancing,@ (a style of theatrical dancing that is not as restricted as classical ballet; movements are expressive of feelings) }
{ clog_dance, clog_dancing, [ clog, verb.creation:clog,+ ] tap_dancing,@ (a dance performed while wearing shoes with wooden soles; has heavy stamping steps) }
{ apache_dance, stage_dancing,@ noun.location:France,;r (a violent fast dance in French vaudeville (an apache is a member of the French underworld)) }
{ [ belly_dance, verb.creation:belly_dance,+ ] belly_dancing, danse_du_ventre, stage_dancing,@ (a Middle Eastern dance in which the dancer makes sensuous movements of the hips and abdomen) }
{ bolero, stage_dancing,@ (a Spanish dance in triple time accompanied by guitar and castanets) }
{ [ cakewalk, verb.motion:cakewalk,+ ] stage_dancing,@ (a strutting dance based on a march; was performed in minstrel shows; originated as a competition among Black dancers to win a cake) }
{ cancan, stage_dancing,@ (a high-kicking dance of French origin performed by a female chorus line) }
{ nude_dancing, stage_dancing,@ (erotic dancing with little or no clothing) }
{ fan_dance, nude_dancing,@ (a solo dance in which large fans are manipulated to suggest or reveal nakedness) }
{ [ strip, verb.change:strip12,+ verb.body:strip1,+ ] [ striptease, noun.person:stripteaser,+ ] strip_show, nude_dancing,@ (a form of erotic entertainment in which a dancer gradually undresses to music; "she did a strip right in front of everyone") }
{ bubble_dance, nude_dancing,@ (a solo dance similar to a fan dance except large balloons are used instead of fans) }
{ interpretive_dance, interpretive_dancing, interpretative_dance, interpretative_dancing, modern_dance,@ (a form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a story) }
{ social_dancing, dancing,@ (dancing as part of a social occasion) }
{ [ jitterbug, verb.motion:jitterbug,+ ] social_dancing,@ (a jerky American dance that was popular in the 1940s) }
{ lindy, lindy_hop, social_dancing,@ (an energetic American dance that was popular in the 1930s (probably named for the aviator Charles Lindbergh)) }
{ fandango, social_dancing,@ (a provocative Spanish courtship dance in triple time; performed by a man and a woman playing castanets) }
{ farandole, folk_dancing,@ (a lively dance from Provence; all the dancers join hands and execute various figures) }
{ flamenco, gypsy_dancing, social_dancing,@ (a style of dancing characteristic of the Andalusian Gypsies; vigorous and rhythmic with clapping and stamping of feet) }
{ gavotte, social_dancing,@ (an old formal French dance in quadruple time) }
{ habanera, social_dancing,@ (a Cuban dance in duple time) }
{ [ shag, verb.motion:shag,+ ] social_dancing,@ (a lively dance step consisting of hopping on each foot in turn) }
{ [ shimmy, verb.creation:shimmy,+ ] social_dancing,@ (lively dancing (usually to ragtime music) with much shaking of the shoulders and hips) }
{ [ stomp, verb.motion:stomp,+ ] social_dancing,@ (a dance involving a rhythmical stamping step) }
{ tarantella, tarantelle, social_dancing,@ (a lively whirling Italian dance for two persons) }
{ dance_step, step3, locomotion,@ step_dancing,#p (a sequence of foot movements that make up a particular dance; "he taught them the waltz step") }
{ [ chasse, verb.motion:chasse,+ ] [ sashay, verb.motion:sashay2,+ verb.motion:sashay1,+ ] dance_step,@ ballet,;c ((ballet) quick gliding steps with one foot always leading) }
{ [ glissade, verb.motion:glissade,+ ] dance_step,@ ballet,;c ((ballet) a gliding or sliding step in ballet) }
{ [ turnout1, verb.motion:turn_out,+ ] rotation,@ ballet,;c ((ballet) the outward rotation of a dancer's leg from the hip) }
{ [ twist, verb.motion:twist2,+ ] social_dancing,@ (social dancing in which couples vigorously twist their hips and arms in time to the music; was popular in the 1960s; "they liked to dance the twist") }
{ ballroom_dancing, ballroom_dance, social_dancing,@ (any of a variety of social dances performed by couples in a ballroom) }
{ beguine, ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance that originated in the French West Indies; similar to the rumba) }
{ carioca, ballroom_dancing,@ (a lively ballroom dance that resembles the samba) }
{ [ cha-cha, verb.motion:cha-cha,+ ] cha-cha-cha, ballroom_dancing,@ (a modern ballroom dance from Latin America; small steps and swaying movements of the hips) }
{ [ one-step, verb.motion:one-step,+ ] ballroom_dancing,@ (an early ballroom dance; precursor to the fox-trot) }
{ turkey_trot, one-step,@ (an early ragtime one-step) }
{ fox-trot, foxtrot, ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance in quadruple time; combines short and long and fast and slow steps fixed sequences) }
{ [ two-step, verb.motion:two-step,+ ] ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance in duple meter; marked by sliding steps) }
{ bunny_hug, ballroom_dancing,@ (a syncopated ballroom dance formerly popular in the US) }
{ [ Charleston, verb.motion:Charleston,+ ] ballroom_dancing,@ (an American ballroom dance in syncopated rhythm; popular early in the 20th century) }
{ [ conga, verb.motion:conga,+ ] ballroom_dancing,@ (a Latin American dance of 3 steps and a kick by people in single file) }
{ cotillion, cotilion, ballroom_dancing,@ (a lively dance originating in France in the 18th century) }
{ minuet, ballroom_dancing,@ (a stately court dance in the 17th century) }
{ paso_doble, ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance in fast duple time) }
{ [ quickstep1, verb.motion:quickstep,+ ] ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance with both quick and slow steps) }
{ rumba1, rhumba1, ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance based on the Cuban folk dance) }
{ [ samba, verb.motion:samba,+ ] ballroom_dancing,@ (a lively ballroom dance from Brazil) }
{ round_dance1, round_dancing, ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance characterized by revolving movement) }
{ [ tango, verb.motion:tango,+ ] ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance of Latin-American origin) }
{ [ waltz, verb.motion:waltz,+ ] valse, ballroom_dancing,@ (a ballroom dance in triple time with a strong accent on the first beat) }
{ [ folk_dancing, verb.motion:folk_dance,+ ] [ folk_dance, verb.motion:folk_dance,+ ] social_dancing,@ (a style of dancing that originated among ordinary people (not in the royal courts)) }
{ mazurka, folk_dancing,@ (a Polish national dance in triple time) }
{ polka, folk_dancing,@ (a Bohemian dance with 3 steps and a hop in fast time) }
{ schottische, round_dance,@ (a German round dance resembling a slow polka) }
{ morris_dance, morris_dancing, folk_dancing,@ (any of various English folk dances performed by dancers in costume) }
{ sword_dance, sword_dancing, folk_dancing,@ (any of various dances by men who step nimbly over swords or flourish them in the air) }
{ [ mambo, verb.motion:mambo,+ ] dancing,@ (a Latin American dance similar in rhythm to the rumba) }
{ highland_fling, reel,@ (a vigorous Scottish reel) }
{ hornpipe, folk_dancing,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a British solo dance performed by sailors) }
{ [ jig, verb.motion:jig,+ ] folk_dancing,@ (any of various old rustic dances involving kicking and leaping) }
{ [ country-dance, verb.motion:country-dance,+ ] country_dancing, [ contredanse, verb.motion:contredanse,+ ] [ contra_danse, verb.motion:contra_danse,+ ] contradance, folk_dancing,@ (a type of folk dance in which couples are arranged in sets or face one another in a line) }
{ longways, longways_dance, country_dancing,@ (country dancing performed with couples in two long lines facing each other) }
{ Virginia_reel, reel1, longways,@ (an American country dance which starts with the couples facing each other in two lines) }
{ round_dance, ring_dance, folk_dancing,@ (a folk dance; dancers form a circle) }
{ [ square_dance, verb.motion:square_dance,+ ] square_dancing, country_dancing,@ (American country dancing in which couples form squares) }
{ reel, Scottish_reel, square_dance,@ (a lively dance of Scottish Highlanders; marked by circular moves and gliding steps) }
{ eightsome, reel,@ (a Scottish reel for eight dancers) }
{ quadrille, square_dance,@ (a square dance of 5 or more figures for 4 or more couples) }
{ lancers, quadrille,@ (a quadrille for 8 or 16 couples) }
{ do-si-do, country_dancing,@ square_dance,#p (a square-dance figure; two dancers approach each other and circle back to back before returning to their original places) }
{ promenade2, country_dancing,@ square_dance,#p (a square dance figure; couples march counterclockwise in a circle) }
{ sashay1, country_dancing,@ square_dance,#p (a square dance figure; partners circle each other taking sideways steps) }
{ swing4, country_dancing,@ square_dance,#p (a square dance figure; a pair of dancers join hands and dance around a point between them) }
{ landler, country_dancing,@ (a moderately slow Austrian country dance in triple time; involves spinning and clapping) }
{ ritual_dancing, ritual_dance, ceremonial_dance, dancing,@ ritual,#p (a dance that is part of a religious ritual) }
{ rumba, rhumba, folk_dancing,@ (a folk dance in duple time that originated in Cuba with Spanish and African elements; features complex footwork and violent movement) }
{ apache_devil_dance, ritual_dancing,@ (a ritual dance of the Apache) }
{ corn_dance, rain_dance,@ (a rain dance of Amerindians) }
{ danse_macabre, dance_of_death, ritual_dancing,@ (a medieval dance in which a skeleton representing death leads a procession of others to the grave) }
{ ghost_dance, ritual_dancing,@ (a religious dance of Native Americans looking for communication with the dead) }
{ hula, hula-hula, Hawaiian_dancing, rain_dance,@ (a Polynesian rain dance performed by a woman) }
{ [ pyrrhic, adj.pert:pyrrhic2,+ ] ritual_dancing,@ (an ancient Greek dance imitating the motions of warfare) }
{ rain_dance, ritual_dancing,@ (a ritual dance intended to bring rain) }
{ snake_dance, ritual_dancing,@ noun.location:US,;r (a ceremonial dance (as by the Hopi) in which snakes are handled or invoked) }
{ sun_dance, ritual_dancing,@ (a ceremonial dance performed by Amerindians at the summer solstice) }
{ war_dance, ritual_dancing,@ (a ceremonial dance performed before a battle or after a victory) }
{ [ music, adj.all:musical2,+ noun.person:musician1,+ noun.person:musician,+ ] activity,@ noun.communication:music,;c singing,;c (musical activity (singing or whistling etc.); "his music was his central interest") }
{ bell_ringing, carillon, carillon_playing, music,@ (playing a set of bells that are (usually) hung in a tower) }
{ change_ringing, bell_ringing,@ (ringing tuned bells in a fixed order that is continually changing) }
{ instrumental_music, music,@ (music produced by playing a musical instrument) }
{ [ intonation2, verb.communication:intone,+ verb.communication:intonate,+ ] music,@ (the production of musical tones (by voice or instrument); especially the exactitude of the pitch relations) }
{ [ percussion1, noun.person:percussionist,+ ] music,@ (the act of playing a percussion instrument) }
{ [ drumming, verb.creation:drum,+ ] percussion1,@ (the act of playing drums; "he practiced his drumming several hours every day") }
{ vocal_music, music,@ (music that is vocalized (as contrasted with instrumental music)) }
{ [ singing, verb.creation:sing1,+ verb.creation:sing,+ ] [ vocalizing, verb.creation:vocalize,+ ] vocal_music,@ musical_performance,@ (the act of singing vocal music) }
{ a_cappella_singing, a_capella_singing, singing,@ (singing without instrumental accompaniment) }
{ bel_canto, singing,@ (a style of operatic singing) }
{ coloratura, singing,@ (singing with florid ornamentation) }
{ [ song, noun.person:songster,+ verb.creation:sing,+ verb.creation:sing1,+ ] strain1, vocal_music,@ (the act of singing; "with a shout and a song they marched up to the gates") }
{ [ carol, verb.creation:carol,+ ] song,@ (a joyful song (usually celebrating the birth of Christ)) }
{ lullaby, cradlesong, song,@ (the act of singing a quiet song to lull a child to sleep) }
{ caroling, singing,@ (singing joyful religious songs (especially at Christmas)) }
{ [ crooning, verb.communication:croon,+ ] singing,@ (the act of singing popular songs in a sentimental manner) }
{ [ crooning1, verb.communication:croon,+ ] singing,@ (singing in a soft low tone; "her crooning soon put the child to sleep") }
{ scat, scat_singing, singing,@ noun.communication:jazz,@ (singing jazz; the singer substitutes nonsense syllables for the words of the song and tries to sound like a musical instrument) }
{ [ whistling, verb.communication:whistle,+ ] music,@ (the act of whistling a tune; "his cheerful whistling indicated that he enjoyed his work") }
{ [ beat1, verb.creation:beat,+ verb.contact:beat,+ ] stroke3,@ (a stroke or blow; "the signal was two beats on the steam pipe") }
{ bow1, stroke3,@ (a stroke with a curved piece of wood with taut horsehair strands that is used in playing stringed instruments) }
{ down-bow, bow1,@ (a downward stroke from the heel to the tip of the bow) }
{ up-bow, bow1,@ (an upward stroke from the tip to the heel of the bow) }
{ [ officiation1, verb.social:officiate1,+ verb.competition:officiate,+ ] performance,@ (the performance of a religious or ceremonial or public duty) }
{ [ acting, verb.stative:act,+ verb.creation:act3,+ verb.creation:act,+ ] [ playing2, verb.creation:play10,+ verb.creation:play2,+ ] [ playacting, verb.creation:playact,+ ] [ performing, verb.creation:perform1,+ ] activity,@ noun.cognition:performing_arts,@ performance1,#p (the performance of a part or role in a drama) }
{ [ portrayal2, verb.creation:portray1,+ ] characterization, [ enactment, verb.creation:enact,+ ] [ personation1, verb.communication:personate,+ ] acting,@ (acting the part of a character on stage; dramatically representing the character by speech and action and gesture) }
{ [ impression, adj.pert:impressionistic1,+ adj.pert:impressionistic,+ ] portrayal2,@ (an impressionistic portrayal of a person; "he did a funny impression of a politician") }
{ [ impersonation, verb.creation:impersonate,+ verb.communication:impersonate,+ ] [ personation, verb.communication:personate,+ ] acting,@ (imitating the mannerisms of another person) }
{ [ apery, verb.stative:ape,+ ] mimicry, impersonation,@ (the act of mimicking; imitative behavior) }
{ [ parody, noun.person:parodist,+ ] mockery1, [ takeoff1, verb.creation:take_off,+ ] mimicry,@ (humorous or satirical mimicry) }
{ method_acting, method, acting,@ (an acting technique introduced by Stanislavsky in which the actor recalls emotions or reactions from his or her own life and uses them to identify with the character being portrayed) }
{ [ mime, adj.all:imitative^mimic,+ verb.creation:mime,+ ] [ pantomime, noun.person:pantomimist,+ verb.creation:pantomime,+ ] dumb_show, acting,@ (a performance using gestures and body movements without words) }
{ panto, mime,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (an abbreviation of pantomime) }
{ business3, stage_business, byplay, acting,@ (incidental activity performed by an actor for dramatic effect; "his business with the cane was hilarious") }
{ shtik, schtik, shtick, schtick, business3,@ noun.communication:Yiddish,;c ((Yiddish) a contrived and often used bit of business that a performer uses to steal attention; "play it straight with no shtik") }
{ performance1, presentation,@ (the act of presenting a play or a piece of music or other entertainment; "we congratulated him on his performance at the rehearsal"; "an inspired performance of Mozart's C minor concerto") }
{ program, programme, performance1,@ (a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation; "the program lasted more than two hours") }
{ bill, program,@ (the entertainment offered at a public presentation) }
{ skit, acting,@ (a short theatrical episode) }
{ [ hamming, verb.creation:ham,+ ] [ overacting, verb.creation:overact,+ ] acting,@ (poor acting by a ham actor) }
{ heroics, acting,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (ostentatious or vainglorious or extravagant or melodramatic conduct; "heroics are for those epic films they make in Hollywood") }
{ [ reenactment, verb.creation:reenact1,+ ] acting,@ (performing a role in an event that occurred at an earlier time; "the reenactment of the battle of Princeton") }
{ [ roleplaying, verb.creation:roleplay,+ ] acting,@ (acting a particular role (as in psychotherapy)) }
{ card_trick, magic_trick,@ (a trick performed with playing cards) }
{ prestidigitation, sleight_of_hand, magic_trick,@ (manual dexterity in the execution of tricks) }
{ [ liveliness, adj.all:eventful^lively,+ adj.all:lively,+ ] animation1, activity,@ (general activity and motion) }
{ brouhaha, furor,@ (a confused disturbance far greater than its cause merits) }
{ circus1, carnival2, disturbance,@ (a frenetic disorganized (and often comic) disturbance suggestive of a large public entertainment; "it was so funny it was a circus"; "the whole occasion had a carnival atmosphere") }
{ [ disorganization, verb.social:disorganize,+ ] [ disorganisation, verb.social:disorganise,+ ] disturbance,@ (the disturbance of a systematic arrangement causing disorder and confusion; "the disorganization of the enemy troops by a flank attack") }
{ [ disruption, verb.change:disrupt1,+ ] [ perturbation, verb.motion:perturb1,+ verb.change:perturb,+ ] disturbance,@ (the act of causing disorder) }
{ [ dislocation, verb.change:dislocate1,+ ] [ breakdown2, verb.competition:break_down,+ ] disruption,@ (the act of disrupting an established order so it fails to continue; "the social dislocations resulting from government policies"; "his warning came after the breakdown of talks in London") }
{ [ surprise, verb.cognition:surprise,+ verb.social:surprise,+ ] [ surprisal, verb.social:surprise,+ verb.cognition:surprise,+ ] disruption,@ (the act of surprising someone) }
{ commotion, din, ruction, ruckus, [ rumpus, verb.social:rumpus,+ ] tumult, disturbance,@ (the act of making a noisy disturbance) }
{ furor, furore, disturbance,@ (a sudden outburst (as of protest)) }
{ havoc, mayhem1, disturbance,@ (violent and needless disturbance) }
{ melee, scrimmage, battle_royal, disturbance,@ (a noisy riotous fight) }
{ agitation, excitement2, turmoil, upheaval, hullabaloo, disturbance,@ (disturbance usually in protest) }
{ outburst, tumultuous_disturbance, disturbance,@ (a sudden violent disturbance) }
{ [ rampage, adj.all:violent^rampageous,+ verb.stative:ramp,+ verb.social:rampage,+ ] violent_disorder1, disturbance,@ (violently angry and destructive behavior) }
{ wilding, rampage,@ (an outrageous rampage usually involving sexual attacks by men on women) }
{ [ upset1, verb.emotion:upset,+ ] [ derangement, verb.change:derange,+ ] overthrow2, disturbance,@ (the act of disturbing the mind or body; "his carelessness could have caused an ecological upset"; "she was unprepared for this sudden overthrow of their normal way of living") }
{ [ bustle, verb.motion:bustle,+ ] [ hustle, verb.motion:hustle,+ ] [ flurry, verb.motion:flurry,+ ] ado, [ fuss, verb.social:fuss,+ ] stir, commotion,@ (a rapid active commotion) }
{ [ burst2, verb.stative:burst,+ ] fit, activity,@ (a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason); "a burst of applause"; "a fit of housecleaning") }
{ fits_and_starts, burst2,@ (repeated bursts of activity; "they worked in fits and starts") }
{ haste, [ hurry, verb.motion:hurry,+ ] [ rush, verb.motion:rush10,+ verb.change:rush,+ verb.change:rush1,+ verb.motion:rush,+ ] [ rushing1, verb.motion:rush,+ verb.change:rush,+ ] motion1,@ (the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner; "in his haste to leave he forgot his book") }
{ [ dash2, verb.motion:dash,+ ] [ bolt1, verb.motion:bolt,+ ] haste,@ (the act of moving with great haste; "he made a dash for the door") }
{ [ scamper, verb.motion:scamper,+ ] [ scramble, verb.motion:scramble,+ ] [ scurry, verb.motion:scurry,+ ] haste,@ (rushing about hastily in an undignified way) }
{ maneuver3, [ manoeuvre3, verb.motion:manoeuvre,+ ] [ play4, verb.competition:play9,+ verb.consumption:play13,+ ] motion1,@ athletic_game,#p (a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill; "he made a great maneuver"; "the runner was out on a play by the shortstop") }
{ takeaway, maneuver3,@ (the act of taking the ball or puck away from the team on the offense (as by the interception of a pass)) }
{ figure, maneuver3,@ (a predetermined set of movements in dancing or skating; "she made the best score on compulsory figures") }
{ figure_eight, figure,@ (a skating figure that carves an 8 in the ice) }
{ spread_eagle, figure,@ (a skating figure executed with the skates heel to heel in a straight line) }
{ [ completion2, verb.competition:complete,+ ] pass_completion, maneuver3,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a successful forward pass in football) }
{ [ play5, verb.competition:play12,+ verb.competition:play13,+ verb.competition:play,+ ] noun.cognition:plan_of_action,@ (a preset plan of action in team sports; "the coach drew up the plays for her team") }
{ ball_hawking, maneuver3,@ (a skillful maneuver in catching balls or in stealing the ball from the opposing team) }
{ assist, maneuver3,@ baseball,;c basketball,;c ice_hockey,;c ((sports) the act of enabling another player to make a good play) }
{ icing, icing_the_puck, maneuver3,@ ice_hockey,;c ((ice hockey) the act of shooting the puck from within your own defensive area the length of the rink beyond the opponent's goal) }
{ power_play2, play5,@ ice_hockey,;c ((ice hockey) a play in which one team has a numerical advantage over the other as a result of penalties; "the team was unable to capitalize on the power play") }
{ football_play, play5,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a play by the offensive team) }
{ [ run2, verb.motion:run6,+ verb.social:run1,+ ] [ running3, verb.motion:run6,+ ] running_play, running_game, football_play,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a play in which a player attempts to carry the ball through or past the opposing team; "the defensive line braced to stop the run"; "the coach put great emphasis on running") }
{ draw2, draw_play, run2,@ American_football,;c ((American football) the quarterback moves back as if to pass and then hands the ball to the fullback who is running toward the line of scrimmage) }
{ end_run, sweep, run2,@ American_football,;c ((American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running around the end of the line) }
{ [ return5, verb.contact:return1,+ ] run2,@ American_football,;c ((American football) the act of running back the ball after a kickoff or punt or interception or fumble) }
{ reverse, run2,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a running play in which a back running in one direction hands the ball to a back running in the opposite direction) }
{ double_reverse, reverse,@ ((American football) a running play in which a first reverse is followed by a second reverse) }
{ [ rush1, verb.motion:rush1,+ ] [ rushing, verb.motion:rush1,+ ] run2,@ American_football,;c ((American football) an attempt to advance the ball by running into the line; "the linebackers were ready to stop a rush") }
{ [ pass2, verb.possession:pass1,+ ] passing_play, passing_game, [ passing3, verb.possession:pass1,+ ] football_play,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate; "the coach sent in a passing play on third and long") }
{ power_play1, football_play,@ American_football,;c (a play in which there is a concentration of players in one location on the field of play; "they used a power play to return the kickoff") }
{ handoff, football_play,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a play in which one player hands the ball to a teammate) }
{ forward_pass, aerial, pass2,@ (a pass to a receiver downfield from the passer) }
{ flare_pass, flare1, forward_pass,@ (a short forward pass to a back who is running toward the sidelines; "he threw a flare to the fullback who was tackled for a loss") }
{ screen_pass, forward_pass,@ (a short forward pass in which the receiver is protected by a screen of blockers) }
{ lateral_pass, lateral, pass2,@ (a pass to a receiver upfield from the passer) }
{ spot_pass, pass2,@ (a pass to a designated spot on the field; the receiver should arrive at that spot the same time the ball does) }
{ [ tackle, verb.competition:tackle1,+ ] football_play,@ American_football,;c ((American football) grasping an opposing player with the intention of stopping by throwing to the ground) }
{ [ jugglery, verb.contact:juggle,+ ] maneuver3,@ (the performance of a juggler) }
{ obstruction, maneuver3,@ (getting in someone's way) }
{ [ blocking, verb.contact:block12,+ verb.contact:block,+ verb.competition:block,+ ] [ block, verb.competition:block,+ ] obstruction,@ (the act of obstructing or deflecting someone's movements) }
{ interference1, blocking,@ American_football,;c ((American football) blocking a player's path with your body; "he ran interference for the quarterback") }
{ trap_block, blocking,@ American_football,;c ((American football) an illegal block) }
{ [ check2, verb.social:check14,+ ] obstruction,@ ice_hockey,#p (obstructing an opponent in ice hockey) }
{ crosscheck, check2,@ (an illegal check (chopping at an opponent's arms or stick)) }
{ poke_check, check2,@ (knocking the puck away by jabbing at it with the hockey stick) }
{ razzle-dazzle, razzle, razzmatazz, razmataz, play5,@ (any exciting and complex play intended to confuse (dazzle) the opponent) }
{ basketball_play, play5,@ basketball,#p (a play executed by a basketball team) }
{ pick1, basketball_play,@ (a basketball maneuver; obstructing an opponent with one's body; "he was called for setting an illegal pick") }
{ switch1, basketball_play,@ (a basketball maneuver; two defensive players shift assignments so that each guards the player usually guarded by the other) }
{ give-and-go, basketball_play,@ (a basketball maneuver; one offensive player passes the ball to another, then runs toward the basket to take a return pass) }
{ baseball_play, maneuver3,@ baseball,;c ((baseball) a play executed by a baseball team) }
{ double_play, baseball_play,@ (the act of getting two players out on one play) }
{ triple_play, baseball_play,@ (the act of getting three players out on one play) }
{ pick-off, baseball_play,@ (a baseball play in which a base runner is caught off base and tagged out) }
{ squeeze_play, baseball_play,@ (a baseball play in which a runner on third base tries to score as the batter bunts the pitch) }
{ suicide_squeeze_play, suicide_squeeze, squeeze_play,@ (the runner on third base starts home as the pitcher delivers the ball) }
{ safety_squeeze_play, safety_squeeze, squeeze_play,@ (the runner on third base waits to start home until the batter has bunted successfully) }
{ footwork, maneuver3,@ (the manner of using the feet) }
{ [ stroke, verb.competition:stroke,+ ] shot6, maneuver3,@ sport,;c ((sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand; "it took two strokes to get out of the bunker"; "a good shot requires good balance and tempo"; "he left me an almost impossible shot") }
{ cut8, [ undercut, verb.contact:undercut,+ ] stroke,@ tennis,;c badminton,;c squash,;c ((sports) a stroke that puts reverse spin on the ball; "cuts do not bother a good tennis player") }
{ [ swipe, verb.contact:swipe,+ ] stroke,@ (a sweeping stroke or blow) }
{ tennis_stroke, tennis_shot, stroke,@ (the act of hitting a tennis ball with a tennis racket) }
{ return4, tennis_stroke,@ tennis,#p (a tennis stroke that sends the ball back to the other player; "he won the point on a cross-court return") }
{ [ backhand, verb.contact:backhand,+ ] backhand_stroke, backhand_shot, return4,@ (a return made with the back of the hand facing the direction of the stroke) }
{ [ chop, verb.contact:chop3,+ ] chop_shot, return4,@ (a tennis return made with a downward motion that puts backspin on the ball) }
{ [ drive5, verb.contact:drive2,+ verb.contact:drive1,+ verb.contact:drive7,+ ] return4,@ tennis,;c squash,;c ((sports) a hard straight return (as in tennis or squash)) }
{ drop_shot, dink, return4,@ (a soft return so that the tennis ball drops abruptly after crossing the net) }
{ forehand, forehand_stroke, forehand_shot, return4,@ tennis,;c badminton,;c squash,;c ((sports) a return made with the palm of the hand facing the direction of the stroke (as in tennis or badminton or squash)) }
{ forehand_drive, drive5,@ tennis,;c badminton,;c squash,;c ((sports) hard straight return made on the forehand side (as in tennis or badminton or squash)) }
{ get, return4,@ (a return on a shot that seemed impossible to reach and would normally have resulted in a point for the opponent) }
{ backhand_drive, drive5,@ (a hard straight return made on the backhand side) }
{ two-handed_backhand, backhand,@ (a backhand shot made holding the racquet in both hands) }
{ [ ground_stroke, volley1,! ] return4,@ (a tennis return made by hitting the ball after it has bounced once) }
{ [ serve, verb.competition:serve1,+ ] service2, tennis_stroke,@ tennis,;c badminton,;c squash,;c ((sports) a stroke that puts the ball in play; "his powerful serves won the game") }
{ [ ace, verb.competition:ace1,+ ] serve,@ (a serve that the receiver is unable to reach) }
{ fault1, serve,@ tennis,;c badminton,;c squash,;c ((sports) a serve that is illegal (e.g., that lands outside the prescribed area); "he served too many double faults") }
{ let, net_ball1, serve,@ (a serve that strikes the net before falling into the receiver's court; the ball must be served again) }
{ half_volley, return4,@ (a tennis return made by hitting the ball immediately after it bounces) }
{ [ lob1, verb.contact:lob,+ ] return4,@ (an easy return of a tennis ball in a high arc) }
{ overhead, [ smash2, verb.contact:smash6,+ ] return4,@ (a hard return hitting the tennis ball above your head) }
{ passing_shot, return4,@ (a tennis return that passes an opponent who has approached the net) }
{ [ volley1, verb.competition:volley,+ verb.contact:volley1,+ ground_stroke,! ] return4,@ (a tennis return made by hitting the ball before it bounces) }
{ stroke4, locomotion,@ (any one of the repeated movements of the limbs and body used for locomotion in swimming or rowing) }
{ swimming_stroke, stroke4,@ (a method of moving the arms and legs to push against the water and propel the swimmer forward) }
{ [ crawl2, verb.motion:crawl1,+ ] front_crawl, Australian_crawl, swimming_stroke,@ (a swimming stroke; arms are moved alternately overhead accompanied by a flutter kick) }
{ dog_paddle, swimming_stroke,@ (an elementary swimming stroke imitating a swimming dog) }
{ sidestroke, swimming_stroke,@ (a swimming stroke in which the arms move forward and backward while the legs do a scissors kick) }
{ butterfly, butterfly_stroke, swimming_stroke,@ (a swimming stroke in which the arms are thrown forward together out of the water while the feet kick up and down) }
{ [ breaststroke, noun.person:breaststroker,+ ] swimming_stroke,@ (a swimming stroke; the arms are extended together in front of the head and swept back on either side accompanied by a frog kick) }
{ backstroke, swimming_stroke,@ (a swimming stroke that resembles the crawl except the swimmer lies on his or her back) }
{ baseball_swing, swing2, cut7, stroke,@ (in baseball; a batter's attempt to hit a pitched ball; "he took a vicious cut at the ball") }
{ golf_stroke, golf_shot, [ swing3, verb.motion:swing2,+ ] shot6,@ (the act of swinging a golf club at a golf ball and (usually) hitting it) }
{ downswing, golf_stroke,@ (a swing downward of a golf club) }
{ [ slice, verb.competition:slice,+ verb.contact:slice2,+ ] fade1, [ slicing1, verb.contact:slice2,+ verb.competition:slice,+ ] golf_stroke,@ (a golf shot that curves to the right for a right-handed golfer; "he took lessons to cure his slicing") }
{ [ hook2, verb.contact:hook3,+ ] draw3, [ hooking, verb.contact:hook3,+ ] golf_stroke,@ (a golf shot that curves to the left for a right-handed golfer; "he took lessons to cure his hooking") }
{ [ drive3, verb.contact:drive3,+ verb.contact:drive1,+ verb.contact:drive7,+ ] [ driving3, verb.contact:drive3,+ ] golf_stroke,@ (hitting a golf ball off of a tee with a driver; "he sliced his drive out of bounds") }
{ explosion1, golf_stroke,@ (a golf shot from a bunker that typically moves sand as well as the golf ball) }
{ [ putt, verb.contact:putt1,+ verb.contact:putt,+ ] [ putting, verb.contact:putt1,+ verb.contact:putt,+ ] golf_stroke,@ (hitting a golf ball that is on the green using a putter; "his putting let him down today; he didn't sink a single putt over three feet") }
{ clock_golf, golf,@ (a form of golf in which you putt from positions arranged on the circumference of a circle around the hole) }
{ approach1, approach_shot, golf_stroke,@ golf,;c (a relatively short golf shot intended to put the ball onto the putting green; "he lost the hole when his approach rolled over the green") }
{ [ chip1, verb.contact:chip4,+ ] chip_shot, approach1,@ golf,;c ((golf) a low running approach shot) }
{ [ pitch2, verb.contact:pitch4,+ ] pitch_shot, approach1,@ (a high approach shot in golf) }
{ [ sclaff, verb.contact:sclaff,+ verb.contact:sclaff1,+ ] golf_stroke,@ (a poor golf stroke in which the club head hits the ground before hitting the ball) }
{ [ shank, verb.contact:shank,+ ] golf_stroke,@ (a poor golf stroke in which the heel of the club hits the ball) }
{ [ teeoff, verb.competition:tee_off,+ ] golf_stroke,@ (the act of hitting a golf ball from the teeing ground at the start of each hole) }
{ swimming_kick, kick1,@ swimming_stroke,#p (a movement of the legs in swimming) }
{ flutter_kick, swimming_kick,@ crawl2,#p backstroke,#p (a swimming kick; the legs are moved rapidly up and down without bending the knees) }
{ frog_kick, swimming_kick,@ breaststroke,#p (a swimming kick; knees are drawn upward and outward so the legs can be brought together when fully extended) }
{ dolphin_kick, swimming_kick,@ butterfly,#p (a swimming kick; an up and down kick of the feet together) }
{ scissors_kick, swimming_kick,@ sidestroke,#p (a kick used in the sidestroke; legs are brought together in a scissoring motion) }
{ [ thrash, verb.motion:thrash1,+ ] swimming_kick,@ treading_water,#p (a swimming kick used while treading water) }
{ treading_water, swimming_stroke,@ (a stroke that keeps the head above water by thrashing the legs and arms) }
{ [ cinch1, verb.cognition:cinch,+ ] [ breeze, verb.motion:breeze,+ ] picnic, snap2, duck_soup, child's_play, pushover, [ walkover, verb.competition:walk_over,+ ] piece_of_cake, undertaking,@ (any undertaking that is easy to do; "marketing this product will be no picnic") }
{ doddle, cinch1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (an easy task) }
{ [ work, verb.social:work5,+ verb.social:work4,+ verb.social:work2,+ verb.social:work1,+ ] activity,@ (activity directed toward making or doing something; "she checked several points needing further work") }
{ action, work,@ (the most important or interesting work or activity in a specific area or field; "the action is no longer in technology stocks but in municipal bonds"; "gawkers always try to get as close to the action as possible") }
{ job3, work,@ (a damaging piece of work; "dry rot did the job of destroying the barn"; "the barber did a real job on my hair") }
{ [ job5, verb.social:job,+ verb.social:job3,+ ] work,@ (the performance of a piece of work; "she did an outstanding job as Ophelia"; "he gave it up as a bad job") }
{ [ operation5, verb.contact:operate3,+ ] [ procedure2, adj.pert:procedural,+ ] work,@ (a process or series of acts especially of a practical or mechanical nature involved in a particular form of work; "the operations in building a house"; "certain machine tool operations") }
{ works, deeds, activity,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (performance of moral or religious acts; "salvation by deeds"; "the reward for good works") }
{ service8, work,@ (work done by one person or group that benefits another; "budget separately for goods and services") }
{ consulting_service, service8,@ (service provided by a professional advisor (e.g., a lawyer or doctor or CPA etc.)) }
{ advisory_service, consulting_service,@ (a consulting service in which a CPA develops findings and conclusions and recommendations that are presented to the client for consideration and decision making) }
{ attestation_service, attestation_report, consulting_service,@ (a consulting service in which a CPA expresses a conclusion about the reliability of a written statement that is the responsibility of someone else) }
{ financial_audit, attestation_service,@ noun.possession:audit,@ (an attestation that the client's financial statement is accurate) }
{ facility, service8,@ (a service that an organization or a piece of equipment offers you; "a cell phone with internet facility") }
{ laundering, wash1,@ (washing clothes and bed linens) }
{ [ shining, verb.contact:shine,+ ] [ polishing, verb.contact:polish,+ ] work,@ (the work of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing or waxing it; "the shining of shoes provided a meager living"; "every Sunday he gave his car a good polishing") }
{ shoeshine, shining,@ (the act of shining shoes; "he charged a dollar for a shoeshine") }
{ national_service, service8,@ noun.group:military,;c (compulsory service in the military during peacetime) }
{ utility, service8,@ (the service (electric power or water or transportation) provided by a public utility; "the cost of utilities never decreases"; "all the utilities were lost after the hurricane") }
{ service9, activity,@ noun.communication:common_law,;c ((law) the acts performed by an English feudal tenant for the benefit of his lord which formed the consideration for the property granted to him) }
{ socage, service9,@ (land tenure by agricultural service or payment of rent; not burdened with military service) }
{ military_service1, service9,@ (land tenure by service in the lord's army) }
{ knight's_service, service9,@ (land tenure by service to the lord as a knight) }
{ heavy_lifting, work,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u (difficult work; "the boss hoped the plan would succeed but he wasn't willing to do the heavy lifting") }
{ [ housecleaning, verb.contact:houseclean,+ ] cleaning,@ (the act of cleaning the rooms and furnishings of a house; "efficient housecleaning should proceed one room at a time") }
{ housecleaning1, reform,@ noun.communication:figure_of_speech,;u ((figurative) the act of reforming by the removal of unwanted personnel or practices or conditions; "more housecleaning is in store at other accounting firms"; "many employees were discharged in a general housecleaning by the new owners") }
{ housewifery, work,@ (the work of a housewife) }
{ housework, [ housekeeping, verb.stative:housekeep,+ ] work,@ (the work of cleaning and running a house) }
{ [ ironing, verb.contact:iron,+ ] work,@ (the work of using heat to smooth washed clothes in order to remove any wrinkles) }
{ workload, work_load, work1,@ (work that a person is expected to do in a specified time) }
{ case_load, workload,@ (the number of cases handled in a given period of time (as by a court or agency)) }
{ piecework, work1,@ (work paid for according to the quantity produced) }
{ busywork, make-work, work,@ (active work of little value; "while he was waiting he filled the days with busywork") }
{ [ logging, verb.contact:log,+ ] work,@ (the work of cutting down trees for timber) }
{ loose_end, unfinished_business, work,@ (work that is left incomplete) }
{ nightwork, work,@ (work to be done at night) }
{ paperwork, work,@ (work that involves handling papers: forms or letters or reports etc.) }
{ welfare_work, social_service, work,@ (an organized activity to improve the condition of disadvantaged people in society) }
{ [ occupation, verb.cognition:occupy,+ ] business, job, line_of_work, line, activity,@ (the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money; "he's not in my line of business") }
{ [ occupation4, verb.stative:occupy4,+ verb.social:occupy,+ verb.cognition:occupy,+ ] activity,@ (any activity that occupies a person's attention; "he missed the bell in his occupation with the computer game") }
{ game2, biz, occupation,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u (your occupation or line of work; "he's in the plumbing game"; "she's in show biz") }
{ career, [ calling, verb.communication:call14,+ ] vocation, occupation,@ (the particular occupation for which you are trained) }
{ [ specialization, verb.social:specialize,+ ] [ specialisation, verb.social:specialise,+ ] specialty, speciality, [ specialism, noun.person:specialist1,+ noun.person:specialist,+ ] career,@ (the special line of work you have adopted as your career; "his specialization is gastroenterology") }
{ [ specialization1, verb.change:specialize1,+ ] [ specialisation1, verb.change:specialise1,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of specializing; making something suitable for a special purpose) }
{ [ spiritualization, verb.cognition:spiritualize,+ verb.change:spiritualize,+ ] [ spiritualisation, verb.cognition:spiritualise,+ verb.change:spiritualise,+ ] change_of_state,@ (the act of making something spiritual; infusing it with spiritual content) }
{ lifework, career,@ (the principal work of your career) }
{ walk_of_life, walk4, career,@ (careers in general; "it happens in all walks of life") }
{ employment, [ work1, verb.social:work1,+ verb.social:work,+ ] occupation,@ (the occupation for which you are paid; "he is looking for employment"; "a lot of people are out of work") }
{ job4, duty,@ (the responsibility to do something; "it is their job to print the truth") }
{ service7, employment,@ (employment in or work for another; "he retired after 30 years of service") }
{ telecommuting, teleworking, employment,@ (employment at home while communicating with the workplace by phone or fax or modem) }
{ services, employment,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others; "the mayor tried to maintain city services"; "the medical services are excellent") }
{ facility1, noun.Tops:artifact,@ (something designed and created to serve a particular function and to afford a particular convenience or service; "catering facilities"; "toilet facilities"; "educational facilities") }

{ public_service, employment,@ (employment within a government system (especially in the civil service)) }
{ [ minister, adj.pert:ministerial1,+ ] public_service,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (the job of a head of a government department) }
{ cabinet_minister, minister,@ noun.group:cabinet,#m (the job of a senior minister who is a member of the cabinet) }
{ appointment1, occupation,@ (the job to which you are (or hope to be) appointed; "he applied for an appointment in the treasury") }
{ position1, [ post, verb.social:post1,+ ] berth, [ office2, verb.competition:officiate,+ ] spot1, billet, [ place, verb.competition:place,+ verb.social:place,+ verb.possession:place,+ ] situation, occupation,@ (a job in an organization; "he occupied a post in the treasury") }
{ [ academicianship, noun.person:academician2,+ ] position1,@ (the position of member of an honorary academy) }
{ [ accountantship, noun.person:accountant,+ ] position1,@ (the position of accountant) }
{ admiralty, position1,@ (the office of admiral) }
{ [ ambassadorship, noun.person:ambassador,+ ] position1,@ (the post of ambassador) }
{ [ apostleship, noun.person:apostle,+ noun.person:apostle2,+ ] position1,@ (the position of apostle) }
{ [ apprenticeship, noun.person:apprentice,+ ] position1,@ (the position of apprentice) }
{ associateship, position1,@ (the position of associate (as in an office or academy)) }
{ [ attorneyship, noun.person:attorney,+ ] position1,@ (the position of attorney) }
{ [ bailiffship, noun.person:bailiff,+ ] position1,@ (the office of bailiff) }
{ baronetage, position1,@ (the state of a baronet) }
{ bishopry, episcopate, position1,@ (the office and dignity of a bishop) }
{ [ cadetship, noun.person:cadet,+ ] position1,@ (the position of cadet) }
{ caliphate, position1,@ (the office of a caliph) }
{ [ captainship, noun.person:captain5,+ noun.person:captain4,+ noun.person:captain3,+ noun.person:captain2,+ noun.person:captain1,+ ] captaincy, position1,@ (the post of captain) }
{ [ cardinalship, noun.person:cardinal,+ ] cardinalate, position1,@ (the office of cardinal; "following the scandal, the cardinal resigned his cardinalate") }
{ [ chairmanship, noun.person:chairman1,+ ] position1,@ (the position of chairman) }
{ [ chancellorship, noun.person:chancellor1,+ noun.person:chancellor,+ ] position1,@ (the office of chancellor) }
{ chaplaincy, [ chaplainship, noun.person:chaplain,+ ] position1,@ (the position of chaplain) }
{ chieftaincy, [ chieftainship, noun.person:chieftain1,+ noun.person:chieftain,+ ] position1,@ (the position of chieftain) }
{ [ clerkship, noun.person:clerk1,+ noun.person:clerk,+ ] position1,@ (the job of clerk) }
{ [ commandership, noun.person:commander3,+ noun.person:commander2,+ noun.person:commander1,+ noun.person:commander,+ ] commandery, position1,@ (the position or office of commander) }
{ [ comptrollership, noun.person:comptroller,+ ] position1,@ (the position of comptroller) }
{ [ consulship, noun.person:consul,+ ] position1,@ (the post of consul) }
{ [ controllership, noun.person:controller,+ ] position1,@ (the position of controller) }
{ [ councillorship, noun.person:councillor,+ ] councilorship, position1,@ (the position of council member) }
{ [ counselorship, noun.person:counselor2,+ noun.person:counselor1,+ noun.person:counselor,+ ] [ counsellorship, noun.person:counsellor2,+ noun.person:counsellor1,+ noun.person:counsellor,+ ] position1,@ (the position of counselor) }
{ curacy, position1,@ (the position of a curate) }
{ [ curatorship, noun.person:curator,+ ] position1,@ (the position of curator) }
{ [ custodianship, noun.person:custodian,+ ] position1,@ (the position of custodian) }
{ [ deanship, noun.person:dean1,+ noun.person:dean,+ ] deanery, position1,@ (the position or office of a dean) }
{ [ directorship, noun.person:director3,+ noun.person:director,+ ] position1,@ (the position of a director of a business concern) }
{ [ discipleship, noun.person:disciple,+ ] position1,@ (the position of disciple) }
{ [ editorship, noun.person:editor,+ ] position1,@ (the position of editor) }
{ [ eldership, noun.person:elder1,+ ] position1,@ (the office of elder) }
{ emirate, position1,@ (the office of an emir) }
{ fatherhood, position1,@ (the status of a father) }
{ fatherhood1, position1,@ (the status of a religious leader) }
{ [ foremanship, noun.person:foreman1,+ noun.person:foreman,+ ] position1,@ (the position of foreman) }
{ [ generalship, noun.person:general1,+ noun.person:general,+ ] generalcy, position1,@ (the office and authority of a general) }
{ [ governorship, noun.person:governor,+ ] position1,@ (the office of governor) }
{ [ headmastership, noun.person:headmaster,+ ] headship1,@ (the position of headmaster) }
{ [ headmistressship, noun.person:headmistress,+ ] headship1,@ (the position of headmistress) }
{ [ headship, noun.person:head1,+ noun.person:head,+ ] position1,@ (the position of head) }
{ [ headship1, noun.person:head1,+ ] position1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (the position of headmaster or headmistress) }
{ hot_seat, position1,@ (a difficult position where you are subjected to stress and criticism) }
{ [ incumbency, adj.all:current^incumbent,+ ] position1,@ (the office of an incumbent) }
{ [ inspectorship, noun.person:inspector1,+ noun.person:inspector,+ ] position1,@ (the office of inspector) }
{ [ instructorship, noun.person:instructor,+ ] position1,@ (the position of instructor) }
{ [ internship, noun.person:intern,+ ] position1,@ (the position of a medical intern) }
{ [ judgeship, noun.person:judge1,+ noun.person:judge,+ ] judicature1, position1,@ (the position of judge) }
{ khanate, position1,@ (the position of a khan) }
{ [ lectureship, noun.communication:lecture,+ noun.act:lecture,+ ] position1,@ (the post of lecturer) }
{ legation, [ legateship, noun.person:legate,+ ] position1,@ (the post or office of legate) }
{ [ legislatorship, noun.person:legislator,+ ] position1,@ (the office of legislator) }
{ [ librarianship, noun.person:librarian,+ ] position1,@ (the position of librarian) }
{ [ lieutenancy, noun.person:lieutenant3,+ noun.person:lieutenant2,+ noun.person:lieutenant1,+ noun.person:lieutenant,+ ] position1,@ (the position of a lieutenant) }
{ magistracy, magistrature, position1,@ (the position of magistrate) }
{ [ managership, noun.person:manager1,+ noun.person:manager,+ ] position1,@ (the position of manager) }
{ manhood, position1,@ (the status of being a man) }
{ [ marshalship, noun.person:marshal1,+ noun.person:marshal,+ ] position1,@ (the post of marshall) }
{ [ mastership, noun.person:master7,+ noun.person:master6,+ noun.person:master4,+ noun.person:master3,+ noun.person:master2,+ noun.person:master,+ ] position1,@ (the position of master) }
{ mayoralty, position1,@ (the position of mayor) }
{ [ messiahship, noun.person:messiah1,+ noun.person:messiah,+ noun.person:messiah2,+ ] position1,@ (the position of messiah) }
{ [ moderatorship, noun.person:moderator2,+ noun.person:moderator1,+ noun.person:moderator,+ ] position1,@ (the position of moderator) }
{ [ overlordship, noun.person:overlord,+ ] position1,@ (the position of overlord) }
{ [ pastorship, noun.person:pastor,+ ] pastorate, position1,@ (the position of pastor) }
{ [ peasanthood, noun.person:peasant3,+ noun.person:peasant,+ ] position1,@ (the state of being a peasant; "the same homely dress she wore in the days of her peasanthood") }
{ plum, position1,@ (a highly desirable position or assignment; "a political plum") }
{ [ praetorship, noun.person:praetor,+ ] position1,@ (the office of praetor) }
{ [ precentorship, noun.person:precentor,+ ] position1,@ (the position of precentor) }
{ [ preceptorship, noun.person:preceptor,+ ] position1,@ (the position of preceptor) }
{ [ prefecture, adj.pert:prefectural,+ ] position1,@ (the office of prefect) }
{ prelacy, prelature, position1,@ (the office or station of a prelate) }
{ [ premiership, noun.person:premier1,+ noun.person:premier,+ ] position1,@ (the office of premier) }
{ [ presidency, adj.pert:presidential,+ noun.person:president4,+ noun.act:president4,+ noun.person:president3,+ noun.person:president2,+ noun.person:president1,+ noun.person:president,+ ] [ presidentship, noun.person:president4,+ noun.act:president4,+ noun.person:president3,+ noun.person:president2,+ noun.person:president1,+ noun.person:president,+ ] position1,@ (the office and function of president; "Andrew Jackson expanded the power of the presidency beyond what was customary before his time") }
{ President_of_the_United_States, [ President4, noun.act:presidentship,+ noun.time:presidency,+ noun.act:presidency,+ verb.social:preside,+ ] Chief_Executive, presidency,@ (the office of the United States head of state; "a President is elected every four years") }
{ [ primateship, noun.person:primate,+ ] position1,@ (the office of primate) }
{ [ principalship, noun.person:principal,+ ] position1,@ (the post of principal) }
{ [ priorship, noun.person:prior,+ ] position1,@ (the office of prior) }
{ [ proconsulship, noun.person:proconsul2,+ noun.person:proconsul,+ ] proconsulate, position1,@ (the position of proconsul) }
{ [ proctorship, noun.person:proctor,+ ] position1,@ (the position of proctor) }
{ [ professorship, noun.person:professor,+ ] chair, position1,@ (the position of professor; "he was awarded an endowed chair in economics") }
{ [ protectorship, noun.person:protector,+ ] position1,@ (the position of protector) }
{ public_office, position1,@ (a position concerning the people as a whole) }
{ bully_pulpit, public_office,@ (a public office of sufficiently high rank that it provides the holder with an opportunity to speak out and be listened to on any matter; "the American presidency is a bully pulpit") }
{ rabbinate, position1,@ (the office or function of a rabbi) }
{ [ receivership, noun.person:receiver1,+ ] position1,@ (the office of a receiver) }
{ rectorship, rectorate, position1,@ (the office or station of a rector) }
{ [ regency, adj.all:powerful^regent,+ ] position1,@ (the office of a regent) }
{ residency1, position1,@ (the position of physician who is receiving special training in a hospital (usually after completing an internship)) }
{ [ rulership, noun.person:ruler,+ ] position1,@ (the position of ruler) }
{ [ sainthood, noun.person:saint3,+ noun.person:saint1,+ noun.person:saint,+ ] position1,@ (the status and dignity of a saint) }
{ [ secretaryship, noun.person:secretary1,+ noun.person:secretary,+ ] position1,@ (the position of secretary) }
{ Attorney_General, Attorney_General_of_the_United_States, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Justice Department and the chief law enforcement officer of the United States; "the post of Attorney General was created in 1789") }
{ Secretary_of_Agriculture, Agriculture_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Agriculture; "the post of Secretary of Agriculture was established in 1889") }
{ Secretary_of_Commerce, Commerce_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Commerce; "the position of Commerce Secretary was created in 1913") }
{ Secretary_of_Defense, Defense_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Defense; "the position of Defense Secretary was created in 1947") }
{ Secretary_of_Education, Education_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Education Department; "the post of Education Secretary was created in 1979") }
{ Secretary_of_Energy, Energy_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Energy; "the post of Energy Secretary was created in 1977") }
{ Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Health and Human Services; "the post of Secretary of Health and Human Services was created by Congress in 1979") }
{ Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Housing and Urban Development; "the position of Secretary of Housing and Urban Development was created in 1966") }
{ Secretary_of_Labor, Labor_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Labor; "the post of Labor Secretary was created in 1913") }
{ Secretary_of_State, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the State Department; "the position of Secretary of State was established in 1789") }
{ Secretary_of_the_Interior, Interior_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of the Interior; "the position of Interior Secretary was created in 1849") }
{ Secretary_of_the_Treasury, Treasury_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Treasury Department; "the position of Treasury Secretary was created in 1789") }
{ Secretary_of_Transportation, Transportation_Secretary, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Transportation; "the post of Transportation Secretary was created in 1966") }
{ Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs, secretaryship,@ noun.group:US_Cabinet,#m (the position of the head of the Department of Veterans Affairs; "the post of Secretary of Veterans Affairs was created in 1989") }
{ Secretary_of_War, War_Secretary, secretaryship,@ (head of a former executive department; combined with the Navy Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947) }
{ Secretary_of_the_Navy, Navy_Secretary, secretaryship,@ (head of a former executive department; combined with the War Secretary to form the Defense Secretary in 1947) }
{ Secretary_of_Commerce_and_Labor, secretaryship,@ (head of a former executive department created in 1903 and divided into two departments in 1913) }
{ Secretary_of_Health_Education_and_Welfare, secretaryship,@ (head of a former executive department created in 1953 and divided into two departments in 1979) }
{ seigniory, seigneury, feudal_lordship, position1,@ (the position and authority of a feudal lord) }
{ seismography, measurement,@ (the measurement of tremors and shocks and undulatory movements of earthquakes) }
{ [ senatorship, noun.person:senator,+ ] position1,@ (the office of senator) }
{ sinecure, position1,@ (an office that involves minimal duties) }
{ [ solicitorship, noun.person:solicitor,+ ] position1,@ (the position of solicitor) }
{ [ speakership, noun.person:speaker1,+ ] position1,@ (the position of Speaker) }
{ [ stewardship, noun.person:steward4,+ noun.person:steward3,+ noun.person:steward2,+ noun.person:steward1,+ noun.person:steward,+ ] position1,@ (the position of steward) }
{ [ studentship, noun.person:student1,+ noun.person:student,+ ] position1,@ (the position of student) }
{ [ teachership, noun.person:teacher,+ ] position1,@ (the position of teacher) }
{ [ thaneship, noun.person:thane2,+ noun.person:thane1,+ ] position1,@ (the position of thane) }
{ [ throne, verb.social:throne,+ verb.social:throne1,+ ] position1,@ (the position and power of an exalted person (a sovereign or bishop) who is entitled to sit in a chair of state on ceremonial occasions) }
{ [ treasurership, noun.person:treasurer,+ ] position1,@ (the position of treasurer) }
{ tribuneship, position1,@ (the position of tribune) }
{ trusteeship, position1,@ (the position of trustee) }
{ vice-presidency, position1,@ (the office and function of a vice president) }
{ [ viceroyship, noun.person:viceroy,+ ] position1,@ (the position of viceroy) }
{ [ viziership, noun.person:vizier,+ ] position1,@ (the position of vizier) }
{ [ wardenship, noun.person:warden,+ ] position1,@ (the position of warden) }
{ [ wardership, noun.person:warder,+ ] position1,@ (the position of warder) }
{ [ womanhood, noun.person:woman,+ noun.group:woman,+ ] position1,@ (the status of a woman) }

{ treadmill, salt_mine, occupation,@ (a job involving drudgery and confinement) }
{ business_life, professional_life, career,@ (a career in industrial or commercial or professional activities) }
{ trade, [ craft, verb.creation:craft,+ ] occupation,@ (the skilled practice of a practical occupation; "he learned his trade as an apprentice") }
{ airplane_mechanics, trade,@ (the craft of building and repairing airplanes) }
{ auto_mechanics, trade,@ (the craft of building and repairing automobiles) }
{ basketry, trade,@ (the craft of basket making) }
{ bookbinding, handicraft,@ (the craft of binding books) }
{ bricklaying, masonry,@ (the craft of laying bricks) }
{ cabinetwork, cabinetry, carpentry,@ noun.artifact:furniture,;c (the craft of making furniture (especially furniture of high quality)) }
{ [ carpentry, verb.social:carpenter,+ ] woodworking, woodwork, trade,@ (the craft of a carpenter: making things out of wood) }
{ [ drafting2, verb.creation:draft5,+ ] mechanical_drawing, trade,@ (the craft of drawing blueprints) }
{ dressmaking, trade,@ (the craft of making dresses) }
{ electrical_work, trade,@ (the craft of an electrician) }
{ interior_decoration, interior_decorating, trade,@ (the trade or act of decorating the interior of a building or room, especially with regard to color combination, paint, fabrics, carpeting, etc.) }
{ furnishing, interior_decoration,@ (the act of providing a house or room with furniture and other removable items such as shelves, carpets, appliances, etc.) }
{ lighting1, interior_decoration,@ (the craft of providing artificial light; "an interior decorator must understand lighting") }
{ lumbering, trade,@ (the trade of cutting or preparing or selling timber) }
{ masonry, trade,@ construction1,#p (the craft of a mason) }
{ oculism, trade,@ (the craft of an oculist) }
{ [ painting1, verb.contact:paint,+ ] house_painting, trade,@ construction1,#p (the occupation of a house painter; "house painting was the only craft he knew") }
{ papermaking, trade,@ (the craft of making paper) }
{ [ piloting1, verb.motion:pilot1,+ verb.motion:pilot,+ ] [ pilotage1, verb.motion:pilot1,+ verb.motion:pilot,+ ] trade,@ (the occupation of a pilot) }
{ plumbing1, plumbery, trade,@ construction1,#p (the occupation of a plumber (installing and repairing pipes and fixtures for water or gas or sewage in a building)) }
{ pottery, trade,@ (the craft of making earthenware) }
{ profession, occupation,@ (an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)) }
{ metier, medium, occupation,@ (an occupation for which you are especially well suited; "in law he found his true metier") }
{ learned_profession, profession,@ (one of the three professions traditionally believed to require advanced learning and high principles) }
{ literature, profession,@ noun.communication:literature,;c (the profession or art of a writer; "her place in literature is secure") }
{ architecture, profession,@ (the profession of designing buildings and environments with consideration for their esthetic effect) }
{ [ law, noun.person:lawyer,+ ] practice_of_law, learned_profession,@ noun.group:law,;c (the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system; "he studied law at Yale") }
{ [ education1, noun.person:educationist,+ noun.person:educationalist,+ verb.social:educate,+ verb.cognition:educate,+ ] profession,@ education,;c (the profession of teaching (especially at a school or college or university)) }
{ [ journalism, adj.pert:journalistic,+ noun.person:journalist,+ ] profession,@ (the profession of reporting or photographing or editing news stories for one of the media) }
{ newspapering, journalism,@ (journalism practiced for the newspapers) }
{ [ politics, adj.pert:political2,+ noun.person:politician1,+ noun.person:politician,+ ] profession,@ noun.cognition:politics,;c (the profession devoted to governing and to political affairs) }
{ [ medicine, adj.pert:medical,+ verb.body:medicine,+ verb.body:medicate,+ ] practice_of_medicine, learned_profession,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c (the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries; "he studied medicine at Harvard") }
{ preventive_medicine, medicine,@ (the branch of medicine concerned with preventing disease; "the medical establishment doesn't profit from preventive medicine") }
{ alternative_medicine, medicine,@ (the practice of medicine without the use of drugs; may involve herbal medicines or self-awareness or biofeedback or acupuncture) }
{ herbal_medicine, alternative_medicine,@ (the use of medicinal herbs to prevent or treat disease or promote health) }
{ complementary_medicine, medicine,@ (the practice of medicine that combines traditional medicine with alternative medicine) }
{ [ theology, adj.pert:theological,+ noun.person:theologist,+ ] learned_profession,@ noun.cognition:theology1,;c (the learned profession acquired by specialized courses in religion (usually taught at a college or seminary); "he studied theology at Oxford") }
{ [ writing1, verb.communication:write,+ ] committal_to_writing, activity,@ (the activity of putting something in written form; "she did the thinking while he did the writing") }
{ [ cryptography, adj.pert:cryptographical,+ noun.person:cryptographer,+ ] [ coding, verb.communication:code,+ ] secret_writing, steganography, writing1,@ (act of writing in code or cipher) }
{ [ handwriting, verb.communication:handwrite,+ ] writing1,@ (the activity of writing by hand; "handwriting can be slow and painful for one with arthritis") }
{ [ inscription, verb.communication:inscribe3,+ ] writing1,@ (the activity of inscribing (especially carving or engraving) letters or words) }
{ [ notation, verb.communication:notate,+ ] writing1,@ (the activity of representing something by a special system of marks or characters) }
{ [ superscription, verb.creation:superscribe1,+ verb.creation:superscribe,+ ] inscription,@ (the activity of superscribing) }
{ [ stenography, adj.pert:stenographic,+ adj.pert:stenographical,+ noun.person:stenographer,+ ] handwriting,@ (the act or art of writing in shorthand) }
{ [ subscription1, verb.communication:subscribe2,+ ] handwriting,@ (the act of signing your name; writing your signature (as on a document); "the deed was attested by the subscription of his signature") }
{ [ encoding, verb.communication:encode,+ ] [ encryption, verb.communication:encrypt,+ ] coding,@ (the activity of converting data or information into code) }
{ [ compression1, verb.contact:compress1,+ decompression1,! ] encoding,@ (encoding information while reducing the bandwidth or bits required) }
{ image_compression, compression1,@ (the compression of graphics for storage or transmission) }
{ MPEG, compression1,@ noun.communication:acronym,;u (a set of standards adopted by the moving pictures experts group for the compression of digital video and audio data or a file of data compressed according to those standards) }
{ [ decompression1, verb.contact:decompress,+ compression1,! ] decoding,@ (restoring compressed information to its normal form for use or display) }
{ data_encryption, encoding,@ noun.cognition:computer_science,;c ((computer science) the encryption of data for security purposes) }
{ [ recoding, verb.change:recode,+ ] coding,@ (converting from one code to another) }
{ [ decoding, verb.communication:decode,+ ] [ decryption, verb.communication:decrypt,+ ] [ decipherment, verb.communication:decipher1,+ ] coding,@ (the activity of making clear or converting from code into plain text; "a secret key or password is required for decryption") }
{ [ triangulation, verb.cognition:triangulate,+ ] surveying,@ (a method of surveying; the area is divided into triangles and the length of one side and its angles with the other two are measured, then the lengths of the other sides can be calculated) }
{ cabinetmaking, joinery, carpentry,@ (the craft of a joiner) }
{ [ pyrotechnics, adj.pert:pyrotechnical,+ ] [ pyrotechny, adj.all:extraordinary^pyrotechnic,+ adj.pert:pyrotechnic,+ adj.pert:pyrotechnical,+ ] trade,@ (the craft of making fireworks) }
{ shoemaking, shoe_repairing, [ cobbling, verb.change:cobble,+ ] trade,@ (the shoemaker's trade) }
{ [ roofing, verb.contact:roof,+ ] trade,@ construction1,#p (the craft of a roofer) }
{ sheet-metal_work, trade,@ construction1,#p (the craft of doing sheet metal work (as in ventilation systems)) }
{ [ shingling, verb.contact:shingle,+ ] trade,@ construction1,#p (the laying on of shingles; "shingling is a craft very different from carpentry") }
{ [ tailoring, verb.creation:tailor,+ ] trade,@ (the occupation of a tailor) }
{ tool-and-die_work, trade,@ (the craft of making special tools and dies) }
{ couture, dressmaking,@ (high fashion designing and dressmaking) }
{ [ accountancy, noun.person:accountant,+ ] [ accounting, verb.possession:account,+ ] occupation,@ (the occupation of maintaining and auditing records and preparing financial reports for a business) }
{ cost_accounting, accountancy,@ (keeping account of the costs of items in production) }
{ costing, cost_accounting,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (cost accounting) }
{ bookkeeping, [ clerking, verb.social:clerk,+ ] accountancy,@ (the activity of recording business transactions) }
{ single_entry, single-entry_bookkeeping, bookkeeping,@ (a simple bookkeeping system; transactions are entered in only one account) }
{ double_entry, double-entry_bookkeeping, bookkeeping,@ (bookkeeper debits the transaction to one account and credits it to another) }
{ inventory_accounting, accountancy,@ (accounting that controls and evaluates inventory) }
{ inventory_control, internal_control,@ (supervision of the supply and storage and accessibility of items in order to insure an adequate supply without excessive oversupply) }
{ first_in_first_out, FIFO, inventory_accounting,@ (inventory accounting in which the oldest items (those first acquired) are assumed to be the first sold) }
{ last_in_first_out, LIFO, inventory_accounting,@ (inventory accounting in which the most recently acquired items are assumed to be the first sold) }
{ [ butchery, verb.contact:butcher,+ ] butchering, commercial_enterprise,@ (the business of a butcher) }
{ [ photography1, adj.pert:photographic,+ noun.person:photographer,+ ] occupation,@ photography,;c (the occupation of taking and printing photographs or making movies) }
{ [ labor, adj.all:effortful^laborious,+ verb.social:labor,+ ] [ labour, verb.social:labour1,+ verb.social:labour,+ ] [ toil, verb.social:toil,+ ] work,@ (productive work (especially physical work done for wages); "his labor did not require a great deal of skill") }
{ strikebreaking, confrontation,@ (confrontational activities intended to break up a strike by workers) }
{ corvee, labor,@ (unpaid labor (as for the maintenance of roads) required by a lord of his vassals in lieu of taxes) }
{ [ drudgery, verb.social:drudge,+ ] plodding, [ grind1, verb.social:grind,+ ] donkeywork, labor,@ (hard monotonous routine work) }
{ effort1, elbow_grease, [ exertion, verb.social:exert,+ ] [ travail, verb.social:travail,+ ] sweat, labor,@ (use of physical or mental energy; hard work; "he got an A for effort"; "they managed only with great exertion") }
{ [ struggle, verb.motion:struggle,+ verb.contact:struggle,+ verb.social:struggle,+ ] effort1,@ (strenuous effort; "the struggle to get through the crowd exhausted her") }
{ [ wrestle, verb.contact:wrestle,+ ] [ wrestling1, verb.contact:wrestle,+ ] [ grapple, verb.contact:grapple1,+ ] [ grappling, verb.contact:grapple1,+ ] hand-to-hand_struggle, struggle,@ (the act of engaging in close hand-to-hand combat; "they had a fierce wrestle"; "we watched his grappling and wrestling with the bully") }
{ [ hunt, verb.motion:hunt,+ verb.competition:hunt2,+ verb.competition:hunt,+ ] [ hunting, verb.competition:hunt,+ ] labor,@ (the work of finding and killing or capturing animals for food or pelts) }
{ hackwork, labor,@ (professional work done according to formula) }
{ haymaking, labor,@ (cutting grass and curing it to make hay) }
{ haymaking1, accomplishment,@ (taking full advantage of an opportunity while it lasts) }
{ manual_labor, manual_labour, labor,@ (labor done with the hands) }
{ [ overwork, verb.social:overwork,+ ] [ overworking, verb.social:overwork,+ ] labor,@ (the act of working too much or too long; "he became ill from overwork") }
{ [ slavery, verb.social:slave,+ ] labor,@ (work done under harsh conditions for little or no pay) }
{ [ subbing, verb.possession:sub,+ ] [ substituting, verb.social:substitute9,+ verb.possession:substitute1,+ ] work,@ (working as a substitute for someone who is ill or on leave of absence) }
{ [ trouble2, verb.social:trouble1,+ ] difficulty, effort1,@ (an effort that is inconvenient; "I went to a lot of trouble"; "he won without any trouble"; "had difficulty walking"; "finished the test only with great difficulty") }
{ the_devil, trouble2,@ (something difficult or awkward to do or deal with; "it will be the devil to solve") }
{ tsuris, trouble2,@ noun.communication:Yiddish,;c ((Yiddish) aggravating trouble; "the frustrating tsuris he subjected himself to") }
{ least_effort, least_resistance, effort1,@ (the least effortful way to do something) }
{ [ strain2, adj.all:energetic^strenuous,+ verb.consumption:strain,+ verb.emotion:strain,+ verb.competition:strain,+ ] [ straining1, verb.consumption:strain,+ ] effort1,@ (an intense or violent exertion) }
{ [ exercise, verb.body:exercise,+ verb.body:exercise1,+ ] [ exercising, verb.body:exercise,+ ] physical_exercise, physical_exertion, [ workout, verb.body:work_out,+ verb.body:work_out1,+ ] effort1,@ (the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit; "the doctor recommended regular exercise"; "he did some exercising"; "the physical exertion required by his work kept him fit") }
{ [ pull2, verb.social:pull,+ ] effort1,@ (a sustained effort; "it was a long pull but we made it") }
{ [ conditioner, verb.change:condition,+ ] cardiopulmonary_exercise,@ (exercise that conditions the body; "farm work can be a good conditioner") }
{ set, exercise_set, exercise,@ (several exercises intended to be done in series; "he did four sets of the incline bench press") }
{ [ aerobics, adj.all:aerobic2,+ ] aerobic_exercise, cardiopulmonary_exercise,@ (exercise that increases the need for oxygen) }
{ bodybuilding, anaerobic_exercise, muscle_building, musclebuilding, exercise,@ (exercise that builds muscles through tension) }
{ weightlift, [ weightlifting, verb.competition:weightlift,+ ] bodybuilding,@ (bodybuilding by exercise that involves lifting weights) }
{ jerk2, weightlifting,@ clean_and_jerk,#p (raising a weight from shoulder height to above the head by straightening the arms) }
{ bench_press, weightlifting,@ (a weightlift in which you lie on your back on a bench and press weights upward) }
{ incline_bench_press, bench_press,@ (a bench press performed on an inclined bench) }
{ clean_and_jerk, clean, weightlifting,@ (a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then jerked overhead) }
{ [ press2, verb.competition:press,+ ] military_press, weightlifting,@ (a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted to shoulder height and then smoothly lifted overhead) }
{ snatch1, weightlifting,@ (a weightlift in which the barbell is lifted overhead in one rapid motion) }
{ weight_gaining, bodybuilding,@ (bodybuilding that increases muscle mass and body weight) }
{ [ calisthenics1, adj.pert:calisthenic,+ ] callisthenics1, exercise,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (light exercises designed to promote general fitness; "several different calisthenics were illustrated in the video") }
{ [ calisthenics, adj.pert:calisthenic,+ ] callisthenics, practice,@ (the practice of calisthenic exercises; "calisthenics is recommended for general good health") }
{ isometrics, isometric_exercise, exercise,@ (muscle-building exercises (or a system of musclebuilding exercises) involving muscular contractions against resistance without movement (the muscles contracts but the length of the muscle does not change)) }
{ isotonic_exercise, exercise,@ (exercise in which opposing muscles contract and there is controlled movement (tension is constant while the lengths of the muscles change); "the classic isotonic exercise is lifting free weights") }
{ [ jogging, verb.motion:jog1,+ verb.motion:jog,+ ] cardiopulmonary_exercise,@ (running at a jog trot as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise) }
{ Kegel_exercises, pubococcygeus_exercises, exercise,@ (exercises for women designed to improve the ability to hold urine) }
{ [ stretch, verb.body:stretch1,+ ] [ stretching, verb.body:stretch1,+ ] exercise,@ (exercise designed to extend the limbs and muscles to their full extent) }
{ pandiculation, stretch,@ yawn,@ (yawning and stretching (as when first waking up)) }
{ power_walking, cardiopulmonary_exercise,@ (a form of cardiopulmonary exercise consisting of rapid walking accompanied by vigorous swinging of the arms) }
{ arm_exercise, exercise,@ (exercise designed to strengthen the arm muscles) }
{ pushup, press-up, arm_exercise,@ (an arm exercise performed lying face to the floor and pushing the body up and down with the arms) }
{ widegrip_pushup, pushup,@ (a pushup with the arms widely separated) }
{ [ pull-up, verb.motion:pull_up3,+ ] [ chin-up, verb.motion:chin_up,+ ] arm_exercise,@ (an arm exercise performed by pulling yourself up on a horizontal bar until your chin is level with the bar) }
{ back_exercise, exercise,@ (exercise designed to strengthen the back muscles) }
{ leg_exercise, exercise,@ (exercise designed to strengthen the leg muscles) }
{ knee_bend, [ squat1, verb.contact:squat,+ ] squatting1, leg_exercise,@ (exercising by repeatedly assuming a crouching position with the knees bent; strengthens the leg muscles) }
{ leg_curl, leg_curling, leg_exercise,@ (an exercise designed to strengthen the flexor muscles of the leg) }
{ leg_extensor, leg_exercise,@ (an exercise designed to strengthen the extensor muscles of the leg) }
{ neck_exercise, exercise,@ (exercise designed to strengthen the neck muscles) }
{ stomach_exercise, tummy_crunch, exercise,@ (an exercise designed to strengthen the abdominal muscles) }
{ [ sit-up, verb.motion:sit_up1,+ ] stomach_exercise,@ (a stomach exercise in which a person sits up from a supine position without using the arms for leverage) }
{ [ yoga, adj.pert:yogistic,+ adj.pert:yogic,+ ] exercise,@ (a system of physical, breathing and meditation exercises practiced to promote control of the body and mind) }
{ hatha_yoga, yoga,@ (yogic exercises (popular in the West) that combine difficult postures (which force the mind to withdraw from the outside world) with controlled breathing) }
{ [ practice3, verb.social:practice,+ verb.social:practice1,+ ] use,@ (the exercise of a profession; "the practice of the law"; "I took over his practice when he retired") }
{ [ consultancy, noun.person:consultant,+ ] practice3,@ (the practice of giving expert advice within a particular field; "a business management consultancy") }
{ [ cosmetology, noun.person:cosmetologist,+ ] practice3,@ (the practice of beautifying the face and hair and skin) }
{ dental_practice, practice3,@ (the practice of dentistry) }
{ law_practice, practice3,@ noun.group:law,;c (the practice of law) }
{ medical_practice, practice3,@ (the practice of medicine) }
{ family_practice, family_medicine, medical_practice,@ (medical practice that provides health care regardless of age or sex while placing emphasis on the family unit) }
{ group_practice, medical_practice,@ medicine,;c ((medicine) the practice of medicine by a group of physicians who share their premises and other resources) }
{ [ optometry, noun.person:optometrist,+ ] practice3,@ (the practice of an optometrist) }
{ private_practice, practice3,@ (the practice of a profession independently and not as an employee; "he teaches at the medical school but his fortune came from private practice"; "lawyers in private practice are in business and must make a profit to survive") }
{ [ quackery, verb.body:quack,+ ] [ empiricism1, adj.pert:empiric,+ adj.pert:empirical,+ ] medical_practice,@ (medical practice and advice based on observation and experience in ignorance of scientific findings) }
{ [ application1, verb.social:apply9,+ ] diligence, effort1,@ (a diligent effort; "it is a job requiring serious application") }
{ overkill, effort1,@ (any effort that seems to go farther than would be necessary to achieve its goal) }
{ supererogation, effort1,@ (an effort above and beyond the call of duty) }
{ [ overexertion, verb.social:overexert,+ ] effort1,@ (excessive exertion; so much exertion that discomfort or injury results) }
{ [ investigation, verb.communication:investigate1,+ verb.communication:investigate,+ ] [ investigating, verb.communication:investigate1,+ verb.communication:investigate,+ ] work,@ (the work of inquiring into something thoroughly and systematically) }
{ [ analysis, adj.all:analytical3,+ verb.cognition:analyze4,+ ] investigation,@ (an investigation of the component parts of a whole and their relations in making up the whole) }
{ count, [ counting, verb.communication:count1,+ verb.communication:count,+ ] [ numeration, verb.communication:numerate,+ ] [ enumeration, verb.communication:enumerate1,+ ] reckoning1, [ tally, verb.communication:tally,+ ] investigation,@ (the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order; "the counting continued for several hours") }
{ police_work, police_investigation, investigation,@ (the investigation of criminal activities) }
{ detection1, [ detecting, verb.perception:detect,+ ] detective_work, [ sleuthing, verb.communication:sleuth,+ ] police_work,@ (a police investigation to determine the perpetrator; "detection is hard on the feet") }
{ forensics, police_work,@ (scientific tests or techniques used in the investigation of crimes) }
{ [ roundup, verb.contact:round_up,+ ] police_work,@ (the systematic gathering up of suspects by the police; "a mass roundup of suspects") }
{ [ empiricism, adj.all:empiric,+ adj.all:empirical,+ ] investigation,@ (the application of empirical methods in any art or science) }
{ [ examination, verb.perception:examine,+ ] [ scrutiny, noun.person:scrutineer,+ verb.perception:scrutinize,+ verb.cognition:scrutinize,+ verb.perception:scrutinise,+ verb.cognition:scrutinise,+ ] investigation,@ (the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)) }
{ [ examination2, verb.social:examine,+ verb.communication:examine1,+ verb.communication:examine,+ ] [ testing2, verb.communication:test,+ ] investigation,@ (the act of giving students or candidates a test (as by questions) to determine what they know or have learned) }
{ [ inquiry, verb.communication:inquire2,+ ] [ enquiry, verb.communication:enquire2,+ ] investigation,@ (a systematic investigation of a matter of public interest) }
{ [ research, verb.cognition:research,+ ] investigation,@ (systematic investigation to establish facts) }
{ eleven-plus, 11"-plus, examination2,@ noun.location:Britain,;r ((formerly in Britain) an examination taken by 11 and 12 year old students to select suitable candidates for grammar school) }
{ [ search2, verb.cognition:search,+ ] investigation,@ (an investigation seeking answers; "a thorough search of the ledgers revealed nothing"; "the outcome justified the search") }
{ operations_research, research,@ (research designed to determine most efficient way to do something) }
{ means_test, inquiry,@ (an inquiry into the financial position of someone applying for financial aid) }
{ inquest, inquiry,@ (an inquiry into the cause of an unexpected death) }
{ big_science, scientific_research,@ (scientific research that requires massive capital investment but is expected to yield very significant results) }
{ biological_research, scientific_research,@ (scientific research conducted by biologists) }
{ cloning, biological_research,@ (a general term for the research activity that creates a copy of some biological entity (a gene or organism or cell)) }
{ reproductive_cloning, cloning,@ (making a full living copy of an organism; requires a surrogate mother) }
{ human_reproductive_cloning, reproductive_cloning,@ (the reproductive cloning of a sentient human being; generally considered ethically unacceptable) }
{ somatic_cell_nuclear_transplantation, somatic_cell_nuclear_transfer, SCNT, nuclear_transplantation, biological_research,@ (moving a cell nucleus and its genetic material from one cell to another) }
{ therapeutic_cloning, biomedical_cloning, somatic_cell_nuclear_transplantation,@ cloning,@ (nuclear transplantation of a patient's own cells to make an oocyte from which immune-compatible cells (especially stem cells) can be derived for transplant) }
{ stem-cell_research, biological_research,@ (research on stem cells and their use in medicine) }
{ embryonic_stem-cell_research, stem-cell_research,@ (biological research on stem cells derived from embryos and on their use in medicine) }
{ [ experiment, verb.social:experiment1,+ ] [ experimentation, verb.social:experiment1,+ ] scientific_research,@ (the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation) }
{ field_work, research,@ (an investigation carried out in the field rather than in a laboratory or headquarters) }
{ [ testing, verb.social:test,+ ] experiment,@ (the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons") }
{ marketing_research, market_research, research,@ (research that gathers and analyzes information about the moving of good or services from producer to consumer) }
{ market_analysis, marketing_research,@ (marketing research that yields information about the marketplace) }
{ product_research, marketing_research,@ (marketing research that yields information about desired characteristics of the product or service) }
{ consumer_research, marketing_research,@ (marketing research that yields information about the motives and needs of different classes of consumers) }
{ [ microscopy, adj.pert:microscopic,+ adj.pert:microscopical,+ noun.person:microscopist,+ ] research,@ (research with the use of microscopes) }
{ electron_microscopy, microscopy,@ (microscopy with the use of electron microscopes) }
{ electron_spin_resonance, ESR, electron_paramagnetic_resonance, microwave_spectroscopy,@ (microwave spectroscopy in which there is resonant absorption of radiation by a paramagnet) }
{ trial_and_error, experiment,@ (experimenting until a solution is found) }
{ [ probe1, verb.contact:probe,+ ] research,@ (an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity) }
{ Human_Genome_Project, scientific_research,@i (an international study of the entire human genetic material) }
{ scientific_research, research_project, research,@ (research into questions posed by scientific theories and hypotheses) }
{ [ endoscopy, adj.pert:endoscopic,+ ] examination,@ (visual examination of the interior of a hollow body organ by use of an endoscope) }
{ celioscopy, endoscopy,@ (endoscopic examination of the abdomen through the abdominal wall) }
{ colonoscopy, endoscopy,@ (visual examination of the colon (with a colonoscope) from the cecum to the rectum; requires sedation) }
{ culdoscopy, endoscopy,@ (endoscopic examination of a woman's pelvic organs by the insertion of a culdoscope through the vagina) }
{ gastroscopy, endoscopy,@ (visual examination of the stomach by means of a gastroscope inserted through the esophagus) }
{ hysteroscopy, endoscopy,@ (visual examination of the uterus and uterine lining using an endoscope inserted through the vagina) }
{ proctoscopy, endoscopy,@ (visual examination of the rectum and the end of the colon by means of a proctoscope) }
{ sigmoidoscopy, flexible_sigmoidoscopy, endoscopy,@ (visual examination (with a sigmoidoscope) of the lower third of the colon in a search for polyps) }
{ gonioscopy, examination,@ (an examination of the front part of the eye to check the angle where the iris meets the cornea; it is used to distinguish between open-angle glaucoma and closed-angle glaucoma) }
{ keratoscopy, examination,@ (examination of the cornea with a keratoscope to detect irregularities in its anterior surface) }
{ rhinoscopy, examination,@ (examination of the nasal passages (either through the anterior nares or with a rhinoscope through the nasopharynx)) }
{ [ scan, verb.contact:scan,+ verb.perception:scan1,+ ] examination,@ (the act of scanning; systematic examination of a prescribed region; "he made a thorough scan of the beach with his binoculars") }
{ scanning, reproduction1,@ (the act of systematically moving a finely focused beam of light or electrons over a surface in order to produce an image of it for analysis or transmission) }
{ [ search1, verb.contact:search1,+ ] examination,@ (boarding and inspecting a ship on the high seas; "right of search") }
{ [ survey2, verb.cognition:survey3,+ verb.perception:survey,+ verb.cognition:survey,+ ] [ study, verb.perception:study,+ verb.cognition:study2,+ ] examination,@ (a detailed critical inspection) }
{ [ testing3, verb.stative:test,+ verb.communication:test8,+ ] examination,@ (an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox") }
{ [ screening1, verb.social:screen,+ ] testing3,@ (testing objects or persons in order to identify those with particular characteristics) }
{ genetic_screening, screening1,@ (analyzing a group of people to determine genetic susceptibility to a particular disease; "genetic screening of infants for phenylketonuria") }
{ time_and_motion_study, time-and-motion_study, time-motion_study, motion_study, time_study, work_study, examination,@ (an analysis of a specific job in an effort to find the most efficient method in terms of time and effort) }
{ dark_ground_illumination, dark_field_illumination, microscopy,@ (a form of microscopic examination of living material by scattered light; specimens appear luminous against a dark background) }
{ fluorescence_microscopy, microscopy,@ (light microscopy in which the specimen is irradiated at wavelengths that excite fluorochromes) }
{ indirect_immunofluorescence, fluorescence_microscopy,@ (a method of using fluorescence microscopy to detect the presence of an antigen indirectly) }
{ [ anatomy, verb.cognition:anatomize,+ verb.contact:anatomise,+ ] analysis,@ (a detailed analysis; "he studied the anatomy of crimes") }
{ urinalysis, uranalysis, chemical_analysis,@ diagnosis,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) the chemical analysis of urine (for medical diagnosis)) }
{ scatology, chemical_analysis,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) the chemical analysis of excrement (for medical diagnosis or for paleontological purposes)) }
{ case_study, analysis,@ (a detailed analysis of a person or group from a social or psychological or medical point of view) }
{ chemical_analysis, qualitative_analysis, analysis,@ (the act of decomposing a substance into its constituent elements) }
{ [ polarography, adj.pert:polarographic,+ ] chemical_analysis,@ (an electrochemical method of chemical analysis) }
{ quantitative_analysis, quantitative_chemical_analysis, chemical_analysis,@ measurement,@ (chemical analysis to determine the amounts of each element in the substance) }
{ [ colorimetry, adj.pert:colorimetric,+ adj.pert:colorimetrical,+ ] colorimetric_analysis, quantitative_analysis,@ (quantitative chemical analysis by color using a colorimeter) }
{ volumetric_analysis, quantitative_analysis,@ (quantitative analysis by the use of definite volumes of standard solutions or reagents) }
{ [ acidimetry, adj.pert:acidimetric,+ ] volumetric_analysis,@ (volumetric analysis using standard solutions of acids to measure the amount of a base present) }
{ alkalimetry, volumetric_analysis,@ (volumetric analysis using standard solutions of alkali to measure the amount of acid present) }
{ [ titration, verb.change:titrate,+ ] volumetric_analysis,@ (a measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is just complete; the concentration of the unknown solution (the titer) can then be calculated) }
{ volumetric_analysis1, quantitative_analysis,@ (determination of the volume of gases (or changes in their volume) during combination) }
{ gravimetric_analysis, quantitative_analysis,@ (quantitative analysis by weight) }
{ cost_analysis, analysis,@ (breaking down the costs of some operation and reporting on each factor separately) }
{ [ dissection2, verb.cognition:dissect,+ ] analysis,@ (detailed critical analysis or examination one part at a time (as of a literary work)) }
{ fundamental_analysis, fundamentals_analysis, analysis,@ noun.artifact:stock_exchange,;c ((stock exchange) the use of fundamentals as an investment strategy) }
{ technical_analysis, technical_analysis_of_stock_trends, analysis,@ noun.artifact:stock_exchange,;c ((stock exchange) analysis of past price changes in the hope of forecasting future price changes) }
{ [ spectroscopy, adj.pert:spectroscopic,+ adj.pert:spectroscopical,+ ] [ spectrometry, adj.pert:spectrometric,+ ] spectroscopic_analysis, spectrum_analysis, spectrographic_analysis, chemical_analysis,@ (the use of spectroscopes to analyze spectra) }
{ [ dialysis, verb.change:dialyze,+ ] chemical_analysis,@ (separation of substances in solution by means of their unequal diffusion through semipermeable membranes) }
{ [ apheresis, adj.pert:apheretic,+ ] pheresis, dialysis,@ (a procedure in which blood is drawn and separated into its components by dialysis; some are retained and the rest are returned to the donor by transfusion) }
{ plasmapheresis, apheresis,@ (plasma is separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor) }
{ plateletpheresis, apheresis,@ (platelets are separated from whole blood and the rest is returned to the donor) }
{ hemodialysis, haemodialysis, dialysis,@ (dialysis of the blood to remove toxic substances or metabolic wastes from the bloodstream; used in the case of kidney failure) }
{ [ mass_spectroscopy, adj.pert:mass_spectroscopic,+ ] spectroscopy,@ (the use of spectroscopy to determine the masses of small electrically charged particles) }
{ microwave_spectroscopy, spectroscopy,@ (the use of spectroscopy to study atomic or molecular resonances in the microwave spectrum) }
{ likening, comparison,@ (the act of comparing similarities) }
{ [ analogy, adj.all:similar^analogous,+ noun.person:analogist,+ adj.all:figurative^analogical,+ verb.cognition:analogize,+ verb.cognition:analogise,+ ] comparison,@ (drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect; "the operation of a computer presents and interesting analogy to the working of the brain"; "the models show by analogy how matter is built up") }
{ [ collation1, verb.cognition:collate,+ ] comparison,@ (careful examination and comparison to note points of disagreement) }
{ [ confrontation1, verb.communication:confront3,+ ] comparison,@ (a focussed comparison; bringing together for a careful comparison) }
{ [ contrast, verb.stative:contrast,+ verb.cognition:contrast,+ ] comparison,@ (the act of distinguishing by comparing differences) }
{ [ lighterage, verb.motion:lighter,+ ] transportation,@ (the transportation of goods on a lighter) }
{ [ visitation, verb.motion:visit1,+ ] visit2,@ (an official visit for inspection or supervision; "the commissioner made visitations to all the precinct stations"; "the recent visitation of the bishop to his diocese") }
{ site_visit, visit2,@ (a visit in an official capacity to examine a site to determine its suitability for some enterprise) }
{ surveillance1, police_work,@ (close observation of a person or group (usually by the police)) }
{ [ tabulation, verb.creation:tabulate,+ ] investigation,@ (the act of putting into tabular form; "the tabulation of the results") }
{ blood_count, count,@ (the act of estimating the number of red and white corpuscles in a blood sample) }
{ complete_blood_count, CBC, blood_profile, blood_count,@ (counting the number of white and red blood cells and the number of platelets in 1 cubic millimeter of blood) }
{ differential_blood_count, blood_count,@ (counting the number of specific types of white blood cells found in 1 cubic millimeter of blood; may be included as part of a complete blood count) }
{ [ census, verb.communication:census,+ ] nose_count, nosecount, count,@ (a periodic count of the population) }
{ [ countdown, verb.communication:count_down,+ ] count,@ (counting backward from an arbitrary number to indicate the time remaining before some event (such as launching a space vehicle)) }
{ [ miscount, verb.communication:miscount,+ ] count,@ (an inaccurate count) }
{ [ poll, verb.social:poll2,+ verb.social:poll1,+ ] count,@ election1,;c (the counting of votes (as in an election)) }
{ [ recount, verb.communication:recount2,+ ] count,@ (an additional (usually a second) count; especially of the votes in a close election) }
{ sperm_count, count,@ (the act of estimating the number of spermatozoa in an ejaculate) }
{ [ spying, verb.communication:spy,+ ] undercover_work, intelligence,@ (the act of keeping a secret watch for intelligence purposes) }
{ [ wiretap, verb.perception:wiretap,+ ] [ tap1, verb.perception:tap,+ ] investigation,@ (the act of tapping a telephone or telegraph line to get information) }
{ espionage, spying,@ (the systematic use of spies to get military or political secrets) }
{ counterespionage, counterintelligence,@ (spying on the spies) }
{ electronic_surveillance, surveillance1,@ (surveillance by electronic means (e.g. television)) }
{ [ care1, verb.social:care13,+ ] [ attention1, verb.social:attend12,+ ] [ aid1, verb.body:aid,+ ] [ tending, verb.social:tend,+ ] work,@ (the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something; "no medical care was required"; "the old car needs constant attention") }
{ [ maternalism, adj.all:maternal^maternalistic,+ ] care1,@ (motherly care; behavior characteristic of a mother; the practice of acting as a mother does toward her children) }
{ babysitting, baby_sitting, care1,@ (the work of a baby sitter; caring for children when their parents are not home) }
{ pet_sitting, care1,@ (the work of a pet sitter; caring for pets in their own home while their owners are away from home) }
{ primary_care, medical_care,@ (the medical care received on first contact with the medical system (before being referred elsewhere)) }
{ aftercare, medical_care,@ (care and treatment of a convalescent patient) }
{ dental_care, care1,@ (care for the teeth) }
{ brush3, brushing3, dental_care,@ (the act of brushing your teeth; "the dentist recommended two brushes a day") }
{ first_aid, care1,@ (emergency care given before regular medical aid can be obtained) }
{ eyedrop, eye-drop, irrigation1,@ (a method of irrigating the eye used by ophthalmologists) }
{ adrenergic_agonist_eyedrop, eyedrop,@ (a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the production of aqueous humor and increasing its drainage through the uveoscleral pathway) }
{ beta_blocker_eyedrop, eyedrop,@ (a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops reduce intraocular pressure by reducing the production of aqueous humor) }
{ miotic_eyedrop, eyedrop,@ (a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops increase the outflow of aqueous humor by constricting the pupil) }
{ topical_prostaglandin_eyedrop, eyedrop,@ (a treatment for glaucoma; the eyedrops increase the outflow of aqueous humor through the uveoscleral pathway) }
{ medical_care, medical_aid, treatment,@ (professional treatment for illness or injury) }
{ [ treatment, verb.body:treat,+ ] intervention2, care1,@ (care provided to improve a situation (especially medical procedures or applications that are intended to relieve illness or injury)) }
{ [ hospitalization, verb.possession:hospitalize,+ ] [ hospitalisation, verb.possession:hospitalise,+ ] hospital_care, medical_care,@ (placing in medical care in a hospital) }
{ [ incubation, verb.change:incubate2,+ ] care1,@ (maintaining something at the most favorable temperature for its development) }
{ livery1, care1,@ (the care (feeding and stabling) of horses for pay) }
{ [ massage, verb.body:massage,+ verb.contact:massage,+ ] treatment,@ (kneading and rubbing parts of the body to increase circulation and promote relaxation) }
{ cardiac_massage, heart_massage, emergency_procedure,@ massage,@ cardiopulmonary_resuscitation,#p (an emergency procedure that employs rhythmic compression of the heart (either through the chest wall or, during surgery, directly to the heart) in an attempt to maintain circulation during cardiac arrest) }
{ effleurage, massage,@ noun.process:Lamaze_method_of_childbirth,#p (a rhythmic stroking; "effleurage of the abdomen is used in the Lamaze method of childbirth") }
{ petrissage, massage,@ (massage of the skin which is gently lifted and squeezed) }
{ reflexology, massage,@ (massage to relieve tension by finger pressure; based on the belief that there are reflex points on the feet, hands, and head that are connected to every part of the body) }
{ Swedish_massage, massage,@ (massage combined with a system of active and passive exercises for the muscles and joints) }
{ tapotement, massage,@ (massage in which the body is tapped rhythmically with the fingers or with short rapid movements of the sides of the hand; used to loosen mucus on the chest walls of patients with bronchitis) }
{ [ makeover, verb.creation:Make_over,+ ] beauty_treatment,@ (an overall beauty treatment (involving a person's hair style and cosmetics and clothing) intended to change or improve a person's appearance) }
{ [ manicure, noun.person:manicurist,+ verb.body:manicure,+ verb.body:manicure1,+ ] care1,@ beauty_treatment,@ (professional care for the hands and fingernails) }
{ [ pedicure, verb.body:pedicure,+ ] care1,@ beauty_treatment,@ (professional care for the feet and toenails) }
{ [ therapy, adj.pert:therapeutic,+ adj.pert:therapeutical,+ noun.person:therapist,+ ] medical_care,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) the act of caring for someone (as by medication or remedial training etc.); "the quarterback is undergoing treatment for a knee injury"; "he tried every treatment the doctors suggested"; "heat therapy gave the best relief") }
{ modality, treatment,@ physical_therapy,#p (a method of therapy that involves physical or electrical therapeutic treatment) }
{ diathermy, modality,@ (a method of physical therapy that involves generating local heat in body tissues by high-frequency electromagnetic currents) }
{ aromatherapy, therapy,@ (the therapeutic use of aromatic plant extracts and essential oils in baths or massage) }
{ [ chemotherapy, adj.pert:chemotherapeutic,+ adj.pert:chemotherapeutical,+ ] therapy,@ (the use of chemical agents to treat or control disease (or mental illness)) }
{ correction1, therapy,@ (treatment of a specific defect; "the correction of his vision with eye glasses") }
{ [ electrotherapy, noun.person:electrotherapist,+ ] [ galvanism, verb.body:galvanize2,+ verb.body:galvanise2,+ ] electric_healing, electrical_healing, therapy,@ (the therapeutic application of electricity to the body (as in the treatment of various forms of paralysis)) }
{ heliotherapy, [ insolation, verb.perception:insolate,+ ] therapy,@ (therapeutic exposure to sunlight) }
{ hormone_replacement_therapy, hormone-replacement_therapy, HRT, therapy,@ (hormones (estrogen and progestin) are given to postmenopausal women; believed to protect them from heart disease and osteoporosis) }
{ immunotherapy, therapy,@ (therapy designed to produce immunity to a disease or to enhance resistance by the immune system) }
{ infrared_therapy, therapy,@ (the use of infrared radiation (as by infrared lamps or heating pads or hot water bottles) to relieve pain and increase circulation to a particular area of the body) }
{ inflation_therapy, therapy,@ (therapy in which water or oxygen or a drug is introduced into the respiratory tract with inhaled air) }
{ iontophoresis, ionic_medication, iontotherapy, electromotive_drug_administration, EMDA, therapy,@ (therapy that uses a local electric current to introduce the ions of a medicine into the tissues) }
{ [ medication, verb.body:medicate1,+ verb.body:medicate,+ ] therapy,@ (the act of treating with medicines or remedies) }
{ antipyresis, medication,@ (medication with antipyretics to treat a fever) }
{ megavitamin_therapy, therapy,@ (therapy based on a theory that taking very large doses of vitamins will prevent or cure physical or psychological disorders) }
{ occupational_therapy, therapy,@ (therapy based on engagement in meaningful activities of daily life, especially to enable or encourage participation in such activities in spite of impairments or limitations in physical or mental functions) }
{ [ nourishment, verb.consumption:nourish1,+ ] care1,@ (the act of nourishing; "her nourishment of the orphans saved many lives") }
{ nursing_care, medical_care,@ (care by a skilled nurse) }
{ [ nursing, verb.social:nurse,+ verb.body:nurse,+ ] care1,@ (the work of caring for the sick or injured or infirm) }
{ tender_loving_care, TLC, care1,@ (considerate and solicitous care; "young children need lots of TLC") }
{ [ nurturance, verb.consumption:nurture,+ ] care1,@ (physical and emotional care and nourishment) }
{ personal_care, care1,@ (care for someone who is disabled or is otherwise unable to care for themselves; can including bathing and cooking and managing bodily functions) }
{ skin_care, skincare, care1,@ (care for the skin) }
{ [ facial, adj.pert:facial,+ ] skin_care,@ beauty_treatment,@ (care for the face that usually involves cleansing and massage and the application of cosmetic creams) }
{ adenoidectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the adenoids; commonly performed along with tonsillectomy) }
{ adrenalectomy, suprarenalectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands) }
{ appendectomy, appendicectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the vermiform appendix) }
{ [ amputation, verb.contact:amputate,+ ] operation,@ (a surgical removal of all or part of a limb) }
{ angioplasty, operation,@ (an operation to repair a damaged blood vessel or unblock a coronary artery) }
{ arthrodesis, arthroplasty,@ (the surgical fixation of a joint which is intended to result in bone fusion) }
{ arthroplasty, operation,@ (surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint) }
{ arthroscopy, operation,@ (a minimally invasive operation to repair a damaged joint; the surgeon examines the joint with an arthroscope while making repairs through a small incision) }
{ [ autoplasty, adj.pert:autoplastic,+ ] plastic_surgery,@ (surgical repair by using tissue from another part of the patient's own body) }
{ brain_surgery, operation,@ (any surgical procedure involving the brain) }
{ psychosurgery, brain_surgery,@ (brain surgery on human patients intended to relieve severe and otherwise intractable mental or behavioral problems) }
{ split-brain_technique, brain_surgery,@ (brain surgery on animals in which the corpus callosum (and sometimes the optic chiasm) is severed so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted) }
{ [ castration1, verb.body:castrate2,+ ] operation,@ (surgical removal of the testes or ovaries (usually to inhibit hormone secretion in cases of breast cancer in women or prostate cancer in men); "bilateral castration results in sterilization") }
{ [ cautery, verb.change:cauterize,+ verb.change:cauterise,+ ] [ cauterization, verb.change:cauterize,+ ] [ cauterisation, verb.change:cauterise,+ ] operation,@ (the act of coagulating blood and destroying tissue with a hot iron or caustic agent or by freezing) }
{ chemosurgery, operation,@ (use of chemical to destroy diseased or malignant tissue; used in treatment of skin cancer) }
{ colostomy, ostomy,@ (a surgical operation that creates an opening from the colon to the surface of the body to function as an anus) }
{ craniotomy, operation,@ (a surgical opening through the skull) }
{ cryosurgery, operation,@ (the use of extreme cold (usually liquid nitrogen) to destroy unwanted tissue (warts or cataracts or skin cancers)) }
{ cholecystectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the gall bladder (usually for relief of gallstone pain)) }
{ clitoridectomy, female_circumcision, ablation,@ (excision of the clitoris) }
{ laparoscopic_cholecystectomy, lap_choly, cholecystectomy,@ (removal of the gall bladder through small punctures in the abdomen to permit the insertion of a laparoscope and surgical instruments) }
{ curettage, curettement, operation,@ dilation_and_curettage,#p (surgery to remove tissue or growths from a bodily cavity (as the uterus) by scraping with a curette) }
{ suction_curettage, vacuum_aspiration, curettage,@ induced_abortion,@ (a method of induced abortion; prior to the 14th week of gestation the embryo and placenta are removed by applying suction to the dilated cervix) }
{ debridement, operation,@ (surgical removal of foreign material and dead tissue from a wound in order to prevent infection and promote healing) }
{ [ decortication, verb.change:decorticate1,+ verb.contact:decorticate,+ ] operation,@ (removal of the outer covering of an organ or part) }
{ dilation_and_curettage, dilatation_and_curettage, D_and_C, operation,@ (a surgical procedure usually performed under local anesthesia in which the cervix is dilated and the endometrial lining of the uterus is scraped with a curet; performed to obtain tissue samples or to stop prolonged bleeding or to remove small tumors or to remove fragments of placenta after childbirth or as a method of abortion) }
{ disembowelment, [ evisceration1, verb.change:eviscerate,+ ] removal,@ (the act of removing the bowels or viscera; the act of cutting so as to cause the viscera to protrude) }
{ electrosurgery, operation,@ (surgery performed with electrical devices (as in electrocautery)) }
{ enterostomy, enterotomy, operation,@ (surgical operation that creates a permanent opening through the abdominal wall into the intestine) }
{ [ enucleation, verb.change:enucleate,+ ] operation,@ (surgical removal of something without cutting into it; "the enucleation of the tumor") }
{ [ operation, verb.body:operate,+ ] [ surgery1, adj.all:surgical,+ ] surgical_operation, surgical_procedure, surgical_process, medical_procedure,@ noun.cognition:surgery,;c (a medical procedure involving an incision with instruments; performed to repair damage or arrest disease in a living body; "they will schedule the operation as soon as an operating room is available"; "he died while undergoing surgery") }
{ wrong-site_surgery, operation,@ (a surgical operation performed on the wrong part of the body) }
{ embolectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of an embolus (usually from an artery)) }
{ endarterectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery that is clogged with atherosclerosis) }
{ enervation, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a nerve) }
{ evisceration, operation,@ (surgical removal of an organ (or the contents of an organ) from a patient) }
{ [ exenteration, verb.change:exenterate,+ ] operation,@ (surgical removal of the organs within a body cavity (as those of the pelvis)) }
{ eye_operation, eye_surgery, operation,@ (any surgical procedure involving the eyes) }
{ face_lift, facelift, lift1, [ face_lifting, verb.body:face-lift,+ ] cosmetic_surgery, rhytidectomy, rhytidoplasty, nip_and_tuck, plastic_surgery,@ (plastic surgery to remove wrinkles and other signs of aging from your face; an incision is made near the hair line and skin is pulled back and excess tissue is excised; "some actresses have more than one face lift") }
{ fenestration, operation,@ noun.cognition:otology,;c (surgical procedure that creates a new fenestra to the cochlea in order to restore hearing lost because of osteosclerosis) }
{ gastrectomy, operation,@ (surgical removal of all or part of the stomach) }
{ gastroenterostomy, operation,@ (surgical creation of an opening between the stomach wall and the small intestines; performed when the normal opening has been eliminated) }
{ gastrostomy, operation,@ (surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach (as for gastrogavage)) }
{ heart_surgery, operation,@ (any surgical procedure involving the heart) }
{ closed-heart_surgery, heart_surgery,@ (heart surgery in which a small incision is made (the chest cavity is not opened)) }
{ open-heart_surgery, heart_surgery,@ (heart surgery in which the rib cage is spread open, the heart is stopped and blood is detoured through a heart-lung machine while a heart valve or coronary artery is surgically repaired) } 
{ coronary_bypass, coronary_bypass_surgery, coronary_artery_bypass_graft, CABG, open-heart_surgery,@ (open-heart surgery in which the rib cage is opened and a section of a blood vessel is grafted from the aorta to the coronary artery to bypass the blocked section of the coronary artery and improve the blood supply to the heart) }
{ port-access_coronary_bypass_surgery, closed-heart_surgery,@ (heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed by the use of small instruments and tiny cameras threaded through small incisions while the heart is stopped and blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine) }
{ minimally_invasive_coronary_bypass_surgery, closed-heart_surgery,@ (heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed on the beating heart by the use of small instruments and cameras threaded through small incisions) }
{ hemorrhoidectomy, haemorrhoidectomy, operation,@ (surgical procedure for tying hemorrhoids and excising them) }
{ [ hemostasis, adj.all:astringent^hemostatic,+ ] haemostasis, hemostasia, haemostasia, stop,@ operation,#p (surgical procedure of stopping the flow of blood (as with a hemostat)) }
{ [ hypophysectomy, verb.change:hypophysectomize,+ verb.change:hypophysectomise,+ ] ablation,@ (surgical removal of the pituitary gland) }
{ hysterectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the uterus) }
{ hysterotomy, operation,@ cesarean_section,#p (surgical incision into the uterus (as in cesarean section)) }
{ radical_hysterectomy, panhysterectomy, hysterectomy,@ (surgical removal of the uterus and the ovaries and oviducts and cervix and related lymph nodes) }
{ total_hysterectomy, hysterectomy,@ (surgical removal of the uterus and cervix) }
{ gastromy, incision,@ (surgical incision into the stomach) }
{ [ implantation1, verb.contact:implant,+ ] operation,@ (a surgical procedure that places something in the human body; "the implantation of radioactive pellets in the prostate gland") }
{ [ incision, adj.all:sharp^incisive,+ verb.contact:incise,+ ] section, surgical_incision, cut2,@ operation,#p (the cutting of or into body tissues or organs (especially by a surgeon as part of an operation)) }
{ cataract_surgery, eye_operation,@ (eye surgery that involves removing all or part of the lens and replacing it with an intraocular lens implant) }
{ intracapsular_surgery, cataract_surgery,@ (cataract surgery in which the entire lens is removed) }
{ extracapsular_surgery, cataract_surgery,@ (cataract surgery in which only the front of the lens is removed; the back of the lens capsule remains intact and provides support for the lens implant) }
{ cyclodestructive_surgery, eye_operation,@ (an eye operation that treats glaucoma by destroying the ciliary body with a laser) }
{ phacoemulsification, extracapsular_surgery,@ (extracapsular surgery for cataracts in which ultrasonic sound breaks the cortex and nucleus of the lens into small fragments that are then vacuumed away through a small tube) }
{ filtration_surgery, eye_operation,@ (eye surgery that opens a passage allowing excess aqueous humor to drain into surrounding tissues; a treatment for glaucoma) }
{ iridectomy, eye_operation,@ (an eye operation that treats closed-angle glaucoma by surgical removal of part of the iris of the eye) }
{ iridotomy, eye_operation,@ (a surgical procedure that makes an incision in the iris of the eye in order to enlarge the pupil or to treat closed-angle glaucoma) }
{ keratotomy, eye_operation,@ (surgical incision into the cornea) }
{ radial_keratotomy, keratotomy,@ (radial pattern of incisions in the cornea that cause the cornea to bulge; performed to correct myopia) }
{ laser-assisted_subepithelial_keratomileusis, LASEK, E-LASIK, eye_operation,@ (a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea) }
{ laser_trabecular_surgery, eye_operation,@ (eye surgery that makes many tiny laser burns in an area that will increase the drainage of aqueous humor) }
{ laser-assisted_in_situ_keratomileusis, LASIK, eye_operation,@ (a refractive surgery procedure that reshapes the cornea) }
{ vitrectomy, eye_operation,@ (a surgical procedure that removes the vitreous humor and replace it with saline solution) }
{ perineotomy, incision,@ (surgical incision into the perineum) }
{ episiotomy, perineotomy,@ (surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so facilitate delivery during childbirth) }
{ ileostomy, ostomy,@ (surgical procedure that creates an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall to function as an anus; performed in cases of cancer of the colon or ulcerative colitis) }
{ intestinal_bypass, operation,@ (surgical operation that shortens the small intestine; used in treating obesity) }
{ jejunostomy, operation,@ (surgical creation of an opening between the jejunum and the anterior abdominal wall; will allow artificial feeding) }
{ keratoplasty, corneal_graft, corneal_transplant, plastic_surgery,@ transplant2,@ (a surgical procedure in which part or all of a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by healthy corneal tissue from a donor) }
{ epikeratophakia, keratoplasty,@ (using a piece of donated corneal tissue to repair the eye of someone who has had a cataract removed; "epikeratophakia gave her a living contact lens") }
{ lipectomy, selective_lipectomy, plastic_surgery,@ (plastic surgery involving the breakdown and removal of fatty tissue) }
{ liposuction, suction_lipectomy, lipectomy,@ (lipectomy (especially for cosmetic purposes) in which excess fatty tissue is removed from under the skin by suction) }
{ mastopexy, plastic_surgery,@ (plastic surgery to lift or reshape the breasts) }
{ neuroplasty, plastic_surgery,@ (plastic surgery of the nerves) }
{ otoplasty, plastic_surgery,@ (reconstructive surgery of the auricle of the external ear) }
{ laminectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the bony arches on one or more vertebrae) }
{ laparotomy, incision,@ (surgical incision into the abdominal wall; often done to examine abdominal organs) }
{ laparoscopy, laparotomy,@ (laparotomy performed with a laparoscope that makes a small incision to examine the abdominal cavity (especially the ovaries and Fallopian tubes)) }
{ laryngectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of part or all of the larynx (usually to treat cancer of the larynx)) }
{ lithotomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a stone (calculus)) }
{ cholelithotomy, lithotomy,@ (removal of gallstone through an incision in the gallbladder) }
{ lobectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a lobe from any organ of the body (as the lung or brain)) }
{ amygdalotomy, psychosurgery,@ (psychosurgery in which amygdaloid fibers that mediate limbic system activity are severed (in cases of extreme uncontrollable violence)) }
{ callosotomy, callosectomy, psychosurgery,@ (severing the corpus callosum so that communication between the cerebral hemispheres is interrupted (in cases of severe intractable epilepsy)) }
{ lobotomy, leukotomy, leucotomy, prefrontal_lobotomy, prefrontal_leukotomy, prefrontal_leucotomy, frontal_lobotomy, psychosurgery,@ (surgical interruption of nerve tracts to and from the frontal lobe of the brain; often results in marked cognitive and personality changes) }
{ transorbital_lobotomy, lobotomy,@ (a method of performing prefrontal lobotomy in which the surgical knife is inserted above the eyeball and moved to cut brain fibers) }
{ lumpectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a tumor without removing much of the surrounding tissue or lymph nodes; performed in some cases of breast cancer) }
{ [ major_surgery, minor_surgery,! ] operation,@ (any surgical procedure that involves anesthesia or respiratory assistance) }
{ microsurgery, operation,@ (surgery using operating microscopes and miniaturized precision instruments to perform intricate procedures on very small structures) }
{ robotic_telesurgery, microsurgery,@ (microsurgery in which the surgeon performs surgery by manipulating the hands of a robot) }
{ [ minor_surgery, major_surgery,! ] operation,@ (any surgical procedure that does not involve anesthesia or respiratory assistance) }
{ mastectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a breast to remove a malignant tumor) }
{ modified_radical_mastectomy, mastectomy,@ (removal of a breast and the pectoralis minor and some lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit) }
{ radical_mastectomy, mastectomy,@ (removal of a breast and the underlying muscles (pectoralis major and pectoralis minor) and lymph nodes in the adjacent armpit) }
{ simple_mastectomy, mastectomy,@ (removal of a breast leaving the underlying muscles and the lymph nodes intact) }
{ mastoidectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of some or all of the mastoid process) }
{ meniscectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the meniscus of the knee) }
{ nephrectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a kidney) }
{ neurectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of all or part of a nerve) }
{ oophorectomy, ovariectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of one of both ovaries) }
{ oophorosalpingectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of one or both ovaries and the corresponding Fallopian tubes) }
{ ophthalmectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of an eye) }
{ orchidectomy, orchiectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of one or both testicles) }
{ pancreatectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of part or all of the pancreas) }
{ pneumonectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a lung (usually to treat lung cancer)) }
{ prostatectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of part or all of the prostate gland) }
{ salpingectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of one or both Fallopian tubes) }
{ septectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of all or part of a septum (especially the nasal septum or atrial septum)) }
{ sigmoidectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of part or all of the sigmoid colon (usually to remove a malignant tumor)) }
{ splenectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the spleen) }
{ stapedectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the stapes of the middle ear) }
{ sympathectomy, ablation,@ (surgical interruption of a nerve pathway in the sympathetic nervous system) }
{ thrombectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of a blood clot (thrombus) from a blood vessel) }
{ thyroidectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the thyroid gland) }
{ tonsillectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of the palatine tonsils; commonly performed along with adenoidectomy) }
{ myotomy, operation,@ (surgical incision or division of a muscle) }
{ myringectomy, operation,@ (surgical removal of the eardrum) }
{ myringoplasty, operation,@ (surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft) }
{ myringotomy, operation,@ (surgical incision into the eardrum (to relieve pressure or release pus from the middle ear)) }
{ neurosurgery, operation,@ (any surgery that involves the nervous system (brain or spinal cord or peripheral nerves)) }
{ nose_job, rhinoplasty, cosmetic_surgery,@ (cosmetic surgery to improve the appearance of your nose) }
{ orchiopexy, operation,@ (operation to bring an undescended testicle into the scrotum) }
{ orchotomy, incision,@ (surgical incision into the testis to obtain material for analysis (as in cases of abnormally low sperm count)) }
{ osteotomy, operation,@ (surgical sectioning of bone) }
{ ostomy, operation,@ (surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes) }
{ palatopharyngoplasty, PPP, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, UPPP, operation,@ (surgical resection of unnecessary palatal and oropharyngeal tissue to open the airway; intended to cure extreme cases of snoring (with or without sleep apnea)) }
{ phalloplasty, plastic_surgery,@ (reconstructive surgery on the penis to repair congenital abnormality or injury) }
{ phlebectomy, operation,@ (surgical removal or all or part of a vein; sometimes done in cases of severe varicose veins) }
{ photocoagulation, operation,@ (surgical procedure that uses an intense laser beam to destroy diseased retinal tissue or to make a scar that will hold the retina in cases of detached retina) }
{ plastic_surgery, reconstructive_surgery, anaplasty, operation,@ (surgery concerned with therapeutic or cosmetic reformation of tissue) }
{ polypectomy, operation,@ (surgical removal of a polyp) }
{ proctoplasty, rectoplasty, plastic_surgery,@ (reconstructive surgery of the anus or rectum) }
{ [ resection, verb.contact:resect,+ ] operation,@ (surgical removal of part of a structure or organ) }
{ rhinotomy, operation,@ (surgical procedure in which an incision is made in the nose to drain accumulated pus) }
{ rhizotomy, operation,@ (surgical procedure in which spinal nerve roots are cut; done (anterior roots) to relieve intractable pain or (posterior roots) to stop severe muscle spasms) }
{ sclerotomy, incision,@ (surgical incision of the sclerotic coat of the eye) }
{ sex-change_operation, transsexual_surgery, operation,@ (surgical procedures and hormonal treatments designed to alter a person's sexual characteristics so that the resemble those of the opposite sex) }
{ Shirodkar's_operation, purse-string_operation, operation,@ (a surgical procedure in which a suture is used to close the cervix in a pregnant woman; is performed when the cervix has failed to retain previous pregnancies) }
{ [ sterilization, verb.body:sterilize,+ ] [ sterilisation, verb.body:sterilise,+ ] operation,@ (the act of making an organism barren or infertile (unable to reproduce)) }
{ [ castration, verb.body:castrate,+ ] [ emasculation, verb.body:emasculate,+ ] neutering,@ (neutering a male animal by removing the testicles) }
{ [ neutering, verb.body:neuter,+ ] [ fixing1, verb.body:fix,+ ] altering, sterilization,@ (the sterilization of an animal; "they took him to the vet for neutering") }
{ [ spaying, verb.body:spay,+ ] neutering,@ (neutering a female by removing the ovaries) }
{ strabotomy, operation,@ (the surgical operation of cutting a muscle or tendon of the eye in order to correct strabismus) }
{ taxis1, operation,@ (the surgical procedure of manually restoring a displaced body part) }
{ Michelson-Morley_experiment, experiment,@ (a celebrated experiment conducted by Albert Michelson and Edward Morley; their failure to detect any influence of the earth's motion on the velocity of light was the starting point for Einstein's theory of relativity) }
{ tracheostomy, tracheotomy, operation,@ (a surgical operation that creates an opening into the trachea with a tube inserted to provide a passage for air; performed when the pharynx is obstructed by edema or cancer or other causes) }
{ [ transplant2, verb.contact:transplant,+ ] [ transplantation2, verb.contact:transplant,+ ] organ_transplant, operation,@ (an operation moving an organ from one organism (the donor) to another (the recipient); "he had a kidney transplant"; "the long-term results of cardiac transplantation are now excellent"; "a child had a multiple organ transplant two months ago") }
{ transurethral_resection_of_the_prostate, TURP, resection,@ (removal of significant amounts of prostate tissue (as in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia)) }
{ [ trephination, verb.body:trephine,+ ] operation,@ (an operation that removes a circular section of bone from the skull) }
{ tympanoplasty, operation,@ (surgical correction or repair of defects or injuries in the eardrum or the bones of the middle ear) }
{ uranoplasty, operation,@ (surgical correction of a defect of the palate) }
{ justice, judgment2,@ (judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishments) }
{ administration2, judicature, justice,@ (the act of meting out justice according to the law) }
{ [ administration1, verb.body:administer,+ ] giving_medication, medication,@ (the act of administering medication) }
{ drip_feed, administration1,@ (the administration of a solution (blood or saline or plasma etc.) one drop at a time) }
{ [ sedation, verb.body:sedate,+ ] [ drugging, verb.body:drug,+ ] administration1,@ (the administration of a sedative agent or drug) }
{ [ irrigation1, verb.body:irrigate,+ ] medical_care,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) cleaning a wound or body organ by flushing or washing out with water or a medicated solution) }
{ [ douche, verb.body:douche,+ ] irrigation1,@ (irrigation with a jet of water or medicated solution into or around a body part (especially the vagina) to treat infections or cleanse from odorous contents) }
{ enema, clyster, irrigation1,@ (an injection of a liquid through the anus to stimulate evacuation; sometimes used for diagnostic purposes) }
{ colonic_irrigation, [ colonic, adj.pert:colonic,+ ] enema,@ (a water enema given to flush out the colon) }
{ barium_enema, enema,@ (enema in which a contrast medium (usually barium sulfate) is injected into the rectum and X-rays are taken to search for lesions) }
{ [ lavage, verb.body:lave,+ ] irrigation1,@ (washing out a hollow organ (especially the stomach) by flushing with water) }
{ gastric_lavage, lavage,@ (washing out the stomach with sterile water or a saltwater solution; removes blood or poisons; "when the doctor ordered a gastric lavage the hospital pumped out my stomach") }
{ [ dressing1, verb.body:dress2,+ ] bandaging, [ binding, verb.contact:bind8,+ ] medical_care,@ (the act of applying a bandage) }
{ holistic_medicine, medical_care,@ (medical care of the whole person considered as subject to personal and social as well as organic factors; "holistic medicine treats the mind as well as the body") }
{ hospice, medical_care,@ (a program of medical and emotional care for the terminally ill) }
{ [ injection1, verb.body:inject,+ ] shot3, medical_care,@ (the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe; "the nurse gave him a flu shot") }
{ cryocautery, cautery,@ (application of a substance that destroys tissue by freezing it) }
{ electrocautery, thermocautery,@ (application of a needle heated by an electric current to destroy tissue (as to remove warts)) }
{ thermocautery, cautery,@ (cautery (destruction of tissue) by heat) }
{ bloodletting, medical_care,@ noun.time:middle_ages,;c noun.cognition:medicine,;c (formerly used as a treatment to reduce excess blood (one of the four humors of medieval medicine)) }
{ nephrotomy, incision,@ (incision into a kidney (usually to remove a kidney stone)) }
{ thoracotomy, incision,@ (surgical incision into the chest walls opening up the pleural cavity) }
{ valvotomy, valvulotomy, incision,@ (incision into a stenosed cardiac valve to relieve the obstruction) }
{ [ venesection, verb.body:venesect,+ ] [ phlebotomy, verb.body:phlebotomize,+ ] incision,@ bloodletting,@ (surgical incision into a vein; used to treat hemochromatosis) }
{ [ cupping, verb.body:cup,+ ] bloodletting,@ (a treatment in which evacuated cups are applied to the skin to draw blood through the surface) }
{ [ defibrillation, verb.social:defibrillate,+ ] medical_care,@ (treatment by stopping fibrillation of heart muscles (usually by electric shock delivered by a defibrillator)) }
{ [ detoxification, verb.change:detoxify,+ ] medical_care,@ (treatment for poisoning by neutralizing the toxic properties (normally a function of the liver)) }
{ [ detoxification1, verb.body:detoxify,+ ] treatment,@ (a treatment for addiction to drugs or alcohol intended to remove the physiological effects of the addictive substances) }
{ fusion1, spinal_fusion, correction1,@ (correction of an unstable part of the spine by joining two or more vertebrae; usually done surgically but sometimes done by traction or immobilization) }
{ faith_healing, faith_cure, care1,@ (care provided through prayer and faith in God) }
{ laying_on_of_hands1, faith_healing,@ (the application of a faith healer's hands to the patient's body) }
{ [ physical_therapy, noun.person:physical_therapist,+ ] [ physiotherapy, adj.pert:physiotherapeutic,+ noun.person:physiotherapist,+ ] physiatrics, therapy,@ (therapy that uses physical agents: exercise and massage and other modalities) }
{ [ rehabilitation2, verb.social:rehabilitate3,+ ] physical_therapy,@ (the treatment of physical disabilities by massage and electrotherapy and exercises) }
{ phytotherapy, herbal_therapy, botanical_medicine, therapy,@ noun.Tops:plant,;c (the use of plants or plant extracts for medicinal purposes (especially plants that are not part of the normal diet)) }
{ [ psychotherapy, adj.pert:psychotherapeutic,+ noun.person:psychotherapist,+ ] therapy,@ (the treatment of mental or emotional problems by psychological means) }
{ behavior_therapy, behavior_modification, psychotherapy,@ (psychotherapy that seeks to extinguish or inhibit abnormal or maladaptive behavior by reinforcing desired behavior and extinguishing undesired behavior) }
{ assertiveness_training, behavior_therapy,@ (a method of psychotherapy that reinforces you for stating negative and positive feelings directly) }
{ aversion_therapy, behavior_therapy,@ (any technique of behavior modification that uses unpleasant stimuli in a controlled fashion to alter behavior in a therapeutic way; primarily used for alcoholism or drug abuse (but with little success)) }
{ desensitization_technique, desensitisation_technique, desensitization_procedure, desensitisation_procedure, systematic_desensitization, systematic_desensitisation, behavior_therapy,@ (a technique used in behavior therapy to treat phobias and other behavior problems involving anxiety; client is exposed to the threatening situation under relaxed conditions until the anxiety reaction is extinguished) }
{ exposure_therapy, desensitization_technique,@ (a form of behavior therapy in which a survivor confronts feelings or phobias or anxieties about a traumatic event and relives it in the therapy situation) } 
{ implosion_therapy, [ flooding, verb.contact:flood,+ ] behavior_therapy,@ (a technique used in behavior therapy; client is flooded with experiences of a particular kind until becoming either averse to them or numbed to them) }
{ reciprocal_inhibition, reciprocal-inhibition_therapy, behavior_therapy,@ (a method of behavior therapy based on the inhibition of one response by the occurrence of another response that is mutually incompatible with it; a relaxation response might be conditioned to a stimulus that previously evoked anxiety) }
{ token_economy, behavior_therapy,@ (a form of behavior therapy that has been used in some mental institutions; patients are rewarded with tokens for appropriate behavior and the tokens may be cashed in for valued rewards) }
{ client-centered_therapy, psychotherapy,@ (a method of psychotherapy developed by Carl Rogers in which the client determines the focus and pace of each session) }
{ crisis_intervention, psychotherapy,@ (psychotherapy that focuses on acute critical situations (depressive episodes or attempted suicides or drug overdoses) with the aim of restoring the person to the level of functioning before the crisis) }
{ group_therapy, group_psychotherapy, psychotherapy,@ (psychotherapy in which a small group of individuals meet with a therapist; interactions among the members are considered to be therapeutic) }
{ family_therapy, group_therapy,@ (any of several therapeutic approaches in which a family is treated as a whole) }
{ hypnotherapy, psychotherapy,@ (the use of hypnosis in psychotherapy) }
{ play_therapy, psychotherapy,@ (form of psychotherapy for children that uses play situations for diagnosis or treatment) }
{ [ psychoanalysis, adj.pert:psychoanalytic,+ adj.pert:psychoanalytical,+ ] [ analysis1, verb.cognition:analyze3,+ ] depth_psychology, psychotherapy,@ (a set of techniques for exploring underlying motives and a method of treating various mental disorders; based on the theories of Sigmund Freud; "his physician recommended psychoanalysis") }
{ hypnoanalysis, psychoanalysis,@ (the use of hypnosis in conjunction with psychoanalysis) }
{ self-analysis, psychotherapy,@ (the application of psychotherapeutic principles to the analysis of your own personality) }
{ [ radiotherapy, noun.person:radiotherapist,+ ] radiation_therapy, radiation1, actinotherapy, irradiation, therapy,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to a radioactive substance) }
{ phototherapy, radiotherapy,@ (the use of strong light to treat acne or hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn) }
{ radium_therapy, Curietherapy, radiotherapy,@ (the use of radium in radiation therapy) }
{ X-ray_therapy, radiotherapy,@ (the therapeutic use of X rays) }
{ chrysotherapy, chemotherapy,@ (the use of chemicals containing gold for treating diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis)) }
{ shock_therapy, shock_treatment, therapy,@ (treatment of certain psychotic states by the administration of shocks that are followed by convulsions) }
{ electroconvulsive_therapy, electroshock, electroshock_therapy, ECT, shock_therapy,@ electrotherapy,@ (the administration of a strong electric current that passes through the brain to induce convulsions and coma) }
{ insulin_shock, insulin_shock_therapy, insulin_shock_treatment, shock_therapy,@ (the administration of sufficient insulin to induce convulsions and coma) }
{ metrazol_shock, metrazol_shock_therapy, metrazol_shock_treatment, shock_therapy,@ (the administration of sufficient Metrazol to induce convulsions and coma) }
{ [ speech_therapy, noun.person:speech_therapist,+ ] therapy,@ (any therapy intended to correct a disorder of speech) }
{ refrigeration, therapy,@ (deliberately lowering the body's temperature for therapeutic purposes; "refrigeration by immersing the patient's body in a cold bath") }
{ thermotherapy, therapy,@ (the use of heat to treat a disease or disorder; heating pads or hot compresses or hot-water bottles are used to promote circulation in peripheral vascular disease or to relax tense muscles) }
{ thrombolytic_therapy, therapy,@ (therapy consisting of the administration of a pharmacological agent to cause thrombolysis of an abnormal blood clot) }
{ chiropractic, treatment,@ (a method of treatment that manipulates body structures (especially the spine) to relieve low back pain or even headache or high blood pressure) }
{ [ fomentation1, verb.body:foment,+ ] treatment,@ (application of warm wet coverings to a part of the body to relieve pain and inflammation) }
{ naturopathy, treatment,@ (a method of treating disease using food and exercise and heat to assist the natural healing process) }
{ naprapathy, treatment,@ (a drugless method of treatment based on the belief that disease symptoms arise from problems with ligaments and connective tissues) }
{ orthodontic_treatment, treatment,@ (dental treatment that corrects irregularities of the teeth or of the relation of the teeth to surrounding anatomy; treatment is usually by braces or mechanical aids; "orthodontic treatment of facial abnormalities") }
{ [ orthoptics, adj.pert:orthoptic,+ noun.person:orthoptist,+ ] treatment,@ (treatment of defects of binocular vision (such as strabismus and amblyopia) by nonsurgical measures (especially by exercises to strengthen the eye muscles)) }
{ [ osteopathy, noun.person:osteopathist,+ ] treatment,@ (therapy based on the assumption that restoring health is best accomplished by manipulating the skeleton and muscles) }
{ osteoclasis, treatment,@ (treatment of a skeletal deformity by intentionally fracturing a bone) }
{ [ disinfection, verb.body:disinfect,+ ] medical_care,@ (treatment to destroy harmful microorganisms) }
{ [ chlorination, verb.change:chlorinate,+ verb.body:chlorinate,+ ] disinfection,@ (disinfection of water by the addition of small amounts of chlorine or a chlorine compound) }
{ [ digitalization, verb.body:digitalize,+ ] digitalisation, medical_care,@ (the administration of digitalis for the treatment of certain heart disorders) }
{ anticoagulation, medical_care,@ (the administration of an anticoagulant drug to retard coagulation of the blood) }
{ acupuncture, stylostixis, treatment,@ noun.location:China,;r (treatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skin) }
{ acupressure, G-Jo, shiatsu, treatment,@ noun.location:China,;r noun.location:Japan,;r (treatment of symptoms by applying pressure with the fingers to specific pressure points on the body) }
{ autogenic_therapy, autogenic_training, autogenics, treatment,@ (training patients in self-induced relaxation) }
{ [ allopathy, homeopathy,! ] medical_care,@ (the usual method of treating disease with remedies that produce effects differing from those produced by the disease itself) }
{ [ homeopathy, allopathy,! ] homoeopathy, medical_care,@ (a method of treating disease with small amounts of remedies that, in large amounts in healthy people, produce symptoms similar to those being treated) }
{ hydropathy, hydrotherapy, treatment,@ (the internal and external use of water in the treatment of disease) }
{ intensive_care, medical_care,@ (close monitoring and constant medical care of patients with life-threatening conditions) }
{ rest-cure, treatment,@ (rest as a medical treatment for stress or anxiety etc.) }
{ [ stalk2, verb.motion:stalk3,+ ] [ stalking2, verb.motion:stalk3,+ ] still_hunt, hunt,@ (a hunt for game carried on by following it stealthily or waiting in ambush) }
{ deerstalking, stalk2,@ (stalking deer) }
{ birdnesting, hunt,@ (hunting for birds' nests to get the eggs) }
{ [ predation, verb.consumption:predate,+ ] hunt,@ (the act of preying by a predator who kills and eats the prey) }
{ [ friction, adj.pert:frictional,+ ] detrition, [ rubbing, verb.contact:rub,+ ] effort1,@ (effort expended in moving one object over another with pressure) }
{ [ application3, verb.contact:apply,+ ] [ coating, verb.contact:coat,+ ] covering1, manual_labor,@ (the work of applying something; "the doctor prescribed a topical application of iodine"; "a complete bleach requires several applications"; "the surface was ready for a coating of paint") }
{ anointing, [ anointment, verb.body:anoint,+ ] application3,@ (the act of applying oil or an oily liquid) }
{ [ fumigation, verb.perception:fumigate,+ ] application3,@ (the application of a gas or smoke to something for the purpose of disinfecting it) }
{ [ foliation1, verb.contact:foliate,+ ] application3,@ (the work of coating glass with metal foil) }
{ [ galvanization, verb.contact:galvanize,+ ] [ galvanisation, verb.contact:galvanise,+ ] application3,@ (either the work of covering with metal by the use of a galvanic current or the coating of iron with zinc to protect it from rusting) }
{ bodywork, manual_labor,@ (the work of making or repairing vehicle bodies) }
{ handling, manual_labor,@ (manual (or mechanical) carrying or moving or delivering or working with something) }
{ materials_handling, handling,@ (act of loading and unloading and moving goods within e.g. a factory especially using mechanical devices) }
{ [ loading, verb.contact:load10,+ verb.contact:load1,+ unloading,! ] handling,@ (the labor of putting a load of something on or in a vehicle or ship or container etc.; "the loading took 2 hours") }
{ [ unloading, verb.contact:unload,+ loading,! ] handling,@ (the labor of taking a load of something off of or out of a vehicle or ship or container etc.) }
{ [ picking, verb.contact:pick1,+ ] manual_labor,@ (the act of picking (crops or fruit or hops etc.)) }
{ [ pickings, verb.possession:pick1,+ ] [ taking, verb.contact:take,+ ] action2,@ (the act of someone who picks up or takes something; "the pickings were easy"; "clothing could be had for the taking") }
{ [ planking, verb.contact:plank,+ ] manual_labor,@ (the work of covering an area with planks) }
{ [ wiring1, verb.change:wire,+ ] manual_labor,@ (the work of installing the wires for an electrical system or device) }
{ handicraft, trade,@ arts_and_crafts,@ (a craft that requires skillful hands) }
{ [ sewing, verb.contact:sew,+ ] [ stitching, verb.contact:stitch,+ ] handicraft,@ (joining or attaching by stitches) }
{ [ baking1, verb.creation:bake,+ ] creating_from_raw_materials,@ (making bread or cake or pastry etc.) }
{ blind_stitching, sewing,@ (stitching that is not easily seen or noticed) }
{ [ suturing, verb.contact:suture,+ ] sewing,@ operation,#p (surgical joining of two surfaces) }
{ [ vasectomy, verb.body:vasectomize,+ ] ablation,@ surgical_contraception,@ (surgical procedure that removes all or part of the vas deferens (usually as a means of sterilization); is sometimes reversible) }
{ vasotomy, vasosection, incision,@ (surgical incision into or division of the vas deferens) }
{ vasovasostomy, operation,@ (a surgical procedure that attempts to restore the function of the vas deferens after a vasectomy) }
{ vulvectomy, ablation,@ (surgical removal of part or all of the vulva) }
{ [ vivisection, noun.person:vivisectionist,+ verb.contact:vivisect,+ ] operation,@ (the act of operating on living animals (especially in scientific research)) }
{ [ lubrication, verb.contact:lubricate,+ verb.change:lubricate2,+ ] application3,@ (an application of a lubricant to something) }
{ [ paving, verb.contact:pave,+ ] pavage, application3,@ (the act of applying paving materials to an area) }
{ [ painting2, verb.contact:paint1,+ verb.contact:paint,+ ] application3,@ (the act of applying paint to a surface; "you can finish the job of painting faster with a roller than with a brush") }
{ [ spraying2, verb.contact:spray3,+ ] application3,@ (the application of a liquid in the form of small particles ejected from a sprayer) }
{ spray_painting, painting2,@ spraying2,@ (applying paint with a sprayer) }
{ [ spatter, verb.contact:spatter1,+ verb.contact:spatter,+ ] [ spattering, verb.contact:spatter,+ ] [ splash, verb.contact:splash4,+ verb.contact:splash,+ verb.contact:splash1,+ ] [ splashing, verb.contact:splash1,+ verb.contact:splash,+ ] [ splattering, verb.contact:splatter1,+ ] painting2,@ (the act of splashing a (liquid) substance on a surface) }
{ [ finger-painting, verb.creation:finger-paint,+ ] painting2,@ (painting by using the fingers to spread the paint) }
{ [ tinning, verb.contact:tin,+ ] tin-plating, application3,@ (the application of a protective layer of tin) }
{ [ tinning1, verb.change:tin2,+ ] application3,@ (the application of a thin layer of soft solder to the ends of wires before soldering them; "careful tinning of the ends of wires results in a better joint when you solder them") }
{ [ papering, verb.contact:paper1,+ ] paperhanging, application3,@ (the application of wallpaper) }
{ [ pargeting, verb.contact:parget,+ ] [ pargetting, verb.contact:parget,+ ] plastering,@ (ornamental plastering) }
{ [ plastering, verb.contact:plaster2,+ verb.contact:plaster1,+ verb.contact:plaster,+ verb.body:plaster,+ ] [ daubing, verb.contact:daub1,+ ] application3,@ (the application of plaster) }
{ [ plating, verb.contact:plate,+ ] application3,@ (the application of a thin coat of metal (as by electrolysis)) }
{ scumble, application3,@ (the application of very thin coat of color over the surface of a picture) }
{ [ tiling, verb.contact:tile,+ ] application3,@ (the application of tiles to cover a surface) }
{ [ waxing, verb.contact:wax,+ ] application3,@ (the application of wax to a surface) }
{ [ duty2, adj.all:obedient^duteous,+ ] work,@ (work that you are obliged to perform for moral or legal reasons; "the duties of the job") }
{ [ job1, verb.social:job,+ verb.social:job3,+ ] [ task, verb.social:task,+ ] chore, duty2,@ (a specific piece of work required to be done as a duty or for a specific fee; "estimates of the city's loss on that job ranged as high as a million dollars"; "the job of repairing the engine took several hours"; "the endless task of classifying the samples"; "the farmer's morning chores") }
{ ball-buster, ball-breaker, job1,@ (a job or situation that is demanding and arduous and punishing; "Vietnam was a ball-breaker") }
{ paper_route, employment,@ (the job of delivering newspapers regularly) }
{ stint, job1,@ (an individual's prescribed share of work; "her stint as a lifeguard exhausted her") }
{ [ function, verb.competition:function,+ ] [ office1, verb.social:officiate1,+ verb.competition:officiate,+ ] part1, role, duty2,@ (the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group; "the function of a teacher"; "the government must do its part"; "play its role") }
{ capacity1, function,@ (a specified function; "he was employed in the capacity of director"; "he should be retained in his present capacity at a higher salary") }
{ hat, function,@ (an informal term for a person's role; "he took off his politician's hat and talked frankly") }
{ portfolio, function,@ (the role of the head of a government department; "he holds the portfolio for foreign affairs") }
{ stead, position3, place1, lieu, function,@ (the post or function properly or customarily occupied or served by another; "can you go in my stead?"; "took his place"; "in lieu of") }
{ behalf, stead,@ (as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as `on behalf of' rather than `in behalf of'); "the guardian signed the contract on behalf of the minor child"; "this letter is written on behalf of my client") }
{ second_fiddle, function,@ (a secondary role or function; "he hated to play second fiddle to anyone") }
{ role1, activity,@ (normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting; "what is your role on the team?") }
{ gender_role, role1,@ (the overt expression of attitudes that indicate to others the degree of your maleness or femaleness; "your gender role is the public expression of your gender identity") }
{ position2, role1,@ sport,;c ((in team sports) the role assigned to an individual player; "what position does he play?") }
{ pitcher, mound, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the position on a baseball team of the player who throws the ball for a batter to try to hit; "he has played every position except pitcher"; "they have a southpaw on the mound") }
{ [ catcher, verb.contact:catch,+ ] position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the position on a baseball team of the player who is stationed behind home plate and who catches the balls that the pitcher throws; "a catcher needs a lot of protective equipment"; "a catcher plays behind the plate") }
{ first_base1, first, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed at first of the bases in the infield (counting counterclockwise from home plate)) }
{ second_base, second, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the second of the bases in the infield) }
{ shortstop, short, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed between second and third base) }
{ third_base, third, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is stationed near the third of the bases in the infield (counting counterclockwise from home plate); "he is playing third") }
{ [ left_field, noun.person:left_fielder,+ ] leftfield, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the left third of the outfield (looking from home plate)) }
{ center_field, centerfield, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the central third of the outfield) }
{ [ right_field, noun.person:right_fielder,+ ] rightfield, position2,@ noun.group:baseball_team,#m (the fielding position of the player on a baseball team who is expected to field balls in the right third of the outfield (looking from home plate)) }
{ [ steal, verb.competition:steal,+ ] baseball,@ (a stolen base; an instance in which a base runner advances safely during the delivery of a pitch (without the help of a hit or walk or passed ball or wild pitch)) }
{ forward, position2,@ noun.group:basketball_team,#m (a position on a basketball, soccer, or hockey team) }
{ center1, position2,@ noun.group:basketball_team,#m (a position on a basketball team of the player who participates in the jump that starts the game) }
{ guard, position2,@ noun.group:basketball_team,#m (a position on a basketball team) }
{ back, position2,@ noun.group:backfield,#m noun.group:secondary,#m American_football,;c ((American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed behind the line of scrimmage) }
{ lineman, position2,@ noun.group:linemen,#m American_football,;c ((American football) the position of a player on a football team who is stationed on the line of scrimmage) }
{ linebacker, line_backer, back,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) the position of a defensive football player who plays close behind the line of scrimmage) }
{ [ quarterback, verb.competition:quarterback,+ ] signal_caller, field_general, back,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) the position of the football player in the backfield who directs the offensive play of his team; "quarterback is the most important position on the team") }
{ fullback, back,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) an offensive position in the backfield) }
{ halfback, back,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) an offensive back usually positioned behind the quarterback and to the side of the fullback) }
{ tailback, back,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) the position of the offensive back on a football team who lines up farthest from the line of scrimmage) }
{ wingback, back,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) the position of the offensive back who lines up behind or outside the end) }
{ center2, lineman,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) the position of the player on the line of scrimmage who puts the ball in play; "it is a center's responsibility to get the football to the quarterback") }
{ guard2, lineman,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "guards must be good blockers") }
{ tackle2, lineman,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "it takes a big man to play tackle") }
{ end2, lineman,@ noun.group:football_team,#m ((American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "no one wanted to play end") }
{ mid-off, position2,@ (the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the off side) }
{ mid-on, position2,@ (the fielding position in cricket closest to the bowler on the on side) }
{ center3, position2,@ noun.group:hockey_team,#m (the position on a hockey team of the player who participates in the face off at the beginning of the game) }
{ school_assignment, schoolwork, assignment3,@ (a school task performed by a student to satisfy the teacher) }
{ classroom_project, school_assignment,@ education,#p (a school task requiring considerable effort) }
{ classwork, school_assignment,@ education,#p (the part of a student's work that is done in the classroom) }
{ homework, prep, [ preparation1, verb.cognition:prepare,+ ] school_assignment,@ education,#p (preparatory school work done outside school (especially at home)) }
{ lesson, school_assignment,@ education,#p (a task assigned for individual study; "he did the lesson for today") }
{ language_lesson, lesson1,@ (a period of instruction learning a language) }
{ French_lesson, language_lesson,@ (instruction in the French language) }
{ German_lesson, language_lesson,@ (instruction in the German language) }
{ Hebrew_lesson, language_lesson,@ (instruction in the Hebrew language) }
{ exercise1, example, lesson,@ (a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding; "you must work the examples at the end of each chapter in the textbook") }
{ reading_assignment, lesson,@ (the reading of a passage assigned by the teacher) }
{ [ assignment, verb.social:assign,+ ] duty_assignment, duty2,@ (a duty that you are assigned to perform (especially in the armed forces); "hazardous duty")}
{ guard_duty, [ guard1, verb.social:guard,+ ] sentry_duty, sentry_go, assignment,@ (the duty of serving as a sentry; "he was on guard that night") }
{ fatigue_duty, fatigue, assignment,@ noun.group:military,;c (labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers (cleaning or digging or draining or so on); "the soldiers were put on fatigue to teach them a lesson"; "they were assigned to kitchen fatigues") }
{ [ mission2, noun.person:missioner1,+ ] missionary_work, work,@ (the organized work of a religious missionary) }
{ da'wah, dawah, mission2,@ (missionary work for Islam) }
{ [ mission, noun.person:missioner1,+ ] [ charge3, verb.social:charge,+ verb.communication:charge11,+ verb.communication:charge1,+ ] [ commission, verb.social:commission,+ ] assignment,@ (a special assignment that is given to a person or group; "a confidential mission to London"; "his charge was deliver a message") }
{ fool's_errand, mission,@ (a fruitless mission) }
{ mission_impossible, mission,@ (an extremely dangerous or difficult mission) }
{ suicide_mission, martyr_operation, sacrifice_operation, mission,@ (killing or injuring others while annihilating yourself; usually accomplished with a bomb) }
{ errand, trip,@ (a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission) }
{ [ reassignment, verb.social:reassign,+ ] assignment,@ (assignment to a different duty) }
{ [ secondment, verb.social:second1,+ ] reassignment,@ (the detachment of a person from their regular organization for temporary assignment elsewhere) }
{ sea-duty, service_abroad, shipboard_duty, duty_assignment,@ (naval service aboard a ship at sea) }
{ shore_duty, duty_assignment,@ (naval service at land bases) }
{ scut_work, shitwork, job1,@ (trivial, unrewarding, tedious, dirty, and disagreeable chores; "the hospital hired him to do scut work") }

{ wrongdoing, wrongful_conduct, [ misconduct, verb.social:misconduct2,+ ] actus_reus, activity,@ (activity that transgresses moral or civil law; "he denied any wrongdoing") }
{ [ brutalization1, verb.social:brutalize,+ ] [ brutalisation1, verb.social:brutalise,+ ] wrongdoing,@ (the activity of treating someone savagely or viciously) }
{ [ trespass, verb.social:trespass1,+ ] [ encroachment, verb.motion:encroach,+ ] [ violation1, verb.social:violate2,+ ] [ intrusion1, verb.social:intrude,+ verb.motion:intrude1,+ ] usurpation1, wrongdoing,@ (entry to another's property without right or permission) }
{ inroad1, trespass,@ (an encroachment or intrusion; "they made inroads in the United States market") }
{ tort, civil_wrong, wrongdoing,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) any wrongdoing for which an action for damages may be brought) }
{ alienation_of_affection, tort,@ (a tort based on willful and malicious interference with the marriage relation by a third party without justification or excuse) }
{ invasion_of_privacy, tort,@ (the wrongful intrusion by individuals or the government into private affairs with which the public has no concern) }
{ [ trespass1, verb.social:trespass,+ ] tort,@ (a wrongful interference with the possession of property (personal property as well as realty), or the action instituted to recover damages) }
{ continuing_trespass, trespass1,@ (trespass that is not transient or intermittent but continues as long as the offending object remains; "dumping his garbage on my land was a case of continuing trespass") }
{ trespass_de_bonis_asportatis, trespass1,@ (an action brought to recover damages from a person who has taken goods or property from its rightful owner) }
{ trespass_on_the_case, trespass1,@ (an action brought to recover damages from a person whose actions have resulted indirectly in injury or loss; "a person struck by a log as it was thrown onto a road could maintain trespass against the thrower but one who was hurt by stumbling over it could maintain and action on the case") }
{ trespass_quare_clausum_fregit, trespass1,@ (the defendant unlawfully enters the land of the plaintiff) }
{ trespass_viet_armis, trespass1,@ (trespass with force and arms resulting in injury to another's person or property) }
{ [ malversation, verb.possession:malversate,+ ] wrongdoing,@ (misconduct in public office) }
{ [ misbehavior, verb.social:misbehave,+ ] misbehaviour, misdeed, wrongdoing,@ (improper or wicked or immoral behavior) }
{ delinquency, juvenile_delinquency, misbehavior,@ noun.group:law,;c (an antisocial misdeed in violation of the law by a minor) }
{ [ mischief, adj.all:harmful^mischievous,+ ] mischief-making, [ mischievousness, adj.all:harmful^mischievous,+ ] [ deviltry1, verb.emotion:devil,+ ] [ devilry1, verb.emotion:devil,+ ] [ devilment, verb.emotion:devil,+ ] rascality, roguery, [ roguishness, adj.all:dishonest^roguish,+ ] shenanigan, misbehavior,@ (reckless or malicious behavior that causes discomfort or annoyance in others) }
{ hell, blaze, mischief,@ (noisy and unrestrained mischief; "raising blazes") }
{ monkey_business, mischief,@ (mischievous or deceitful behavior) }
{ ruffianism, misbehavior,@ (violent lawless behavior) }
{ familiarity, impropriety, indecorum, liberty, misbehavior,@ (an act of undue intimacy) }
{ [ abnormality, adj.all:abnormal,+ ] [ irregularity, adj.all:abnormal^irregular,+ adj.all:irregular,+ ] misbehavior,@ (behavior that breaches the rule or etiquette or custom or morality) }
{ [ deviation, verb.stative:deviate,+ ] [ deviance, adj.all:abnormal^deviant,+ ] abnormality,@ (deviate behavior) }
{ [ indecency1, adj.all:improper^indecent,+ adj.all:immodest1^indecent,+ adj.all:indecent,+ ] impropriety1, misbehavior,@ (an indecent or improper act) }
{ paraphilia, perversion1,@ (abnormal sexual activity) }
{ [ exhibitionism, noun.person:exhibitionist1,+ ] immodesty, paraphilia,@ (the perverse act of exposing and attracting attention to your own genitals) }
{ [ fetishism, noun.person:fetishist,+ ] fetichism, paraphilia,@ (sexual arousal or gratification resulting from handling a fetish (or a specific part of the body other than the sexual organs)) }
{ pedophilia, paedophilia, paraphilia,@ (a sexual attraction to children) }
{ [ voyeurism, adj.pert:voyeuristic,+ adj.pert:voyeuristical,+ ] paraphilia,@ (a perversion in which a person receives sexual gratification from seeing the genitalia of others or witnessing others' sexual behavior) }
{ zoophilia, zoophilism, paraphilia,@ (a sexual attraction to animals) }
{ [ obscenity, adj.all:offensive1^obscene,+ ] indecency1,@ (an obscene act) }
{ indiscretion, peccadillo, misbehavior,@ (a petty misdeed) }
{ infantilism, misbehavior,@ (infantile behavior in mature persons) }
{ dereliction, negligence,@ wrongdoing,@ (willful negligence) }
{ nonfeasance, dereliction,@ (a failure to act when under an obligation to do so; a refusal (without sufficient excuse) to do that which it is your legal duty to do) }

{ negligence, [ carelessness, adj.all:careless,+ ] [ neglect, verb.cognition:neglect,+ ] nonperformance, nonaccomplishment,@ (failure to act with the prudence that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances) }
{ comparative_negligence, negligence,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) negligence allocated between the plaintiff and the defendant with a corresponding reduction in damages paid to the plaintiff) }
{ concurrent_negligence, negligence,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) negligence of two of more persons acting independently; the plaintiff may sue both together or separately) }
{ contributory_negligence, negligence,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) behavior by the plaintiff that contributes to the harm resulting from the defendant's negligence; "in common law any degree of contributory negligence would bar the plaintiff from collecting damages") }
{ criminal_negligence, culpable_negligence, negligence,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) recklessly acting without reasonable caution and putting another person at risk of injury or death (or failing to do something with the same consequences)) }
{ neglect_of_duty, negligence,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) breach of a duty) }
{ [ evasion1, verb.communication:evade,+ ] [ escape1, verb.social:escape,+ verb.communication:escape4,+ verb.communication:escape,+ ] [ dodging, verb.communication:dodge,+ ] negligence,@ (nonperformance of something distasteful (as by deceit or trickery) that you are supposed to do; "his evasion of his clear duty was reprehensible"; "that escape from the consequences is possible but unattractive") }
{ escape_mechanism, evasion1,@ (a form of behavior that evades unpleasant realities) }
{ [ malingering, verb.social:malinger,+ ] [ skulking, verb.social:skulk,+ ] evasion1,@ (evading duty or work by pretending to be incapacitated; "they developed a test to detect malingering") }
{ [ shirking, verb.social:shirk1,+ ] [ slacking, verb.social:slack,+ verb.cognition:slack,+ ] soldiering, goofing_off, [ goldbricking, verb.social:goldbrick,+ ] evasion1,@ (the evasion of work or duty) }
{ [ circumvention, verb.communication:circumvent,+ ] evasion1,@ (the act of evading by going around) }
{ tax_evasion, evasion2,@ (the deliberate failure to pay taxes (usually by making a false report)) }
{ malfeasance, wrongdoing,@ (wrongful conduct by a public official) }
{ misfeasance, wrongdoing,@ (doing a proper act in a wrongful or injurious manner) }
{ malpractice, wrongdoing,@ (a wrongful act that the actor had no right to do; improper professional conduct; "he charged them with electoral malpractices") }
{ malpractice1, wrongdoing,@ (professional wrongdoing that results in injury or damage; "the widow sued his surgeon for malpractice") }
{ [ perversion, verb.change:pervert,+ ] wrongdoing,@ (the action of perverting something (turning it to a wrong use); "it was a perversion of justice") }
{ [ waste, verb.possession:waste,+ verb.consumption:waste5,+ verb.consumption:waste,+ ] [ wastefulness3, adj.all:inefficient^wasteful,+ adj.all:destructive^wasteful,+ ] [ dissipation2, verb.consumption:dissipate,+ ] activity,@ (useless or profitless activity; using or expending or consuming thoughtlessly or carelessly; "if the effort brings no compensating gain it is a waste"; "mindless dissipation of natural resources") }
{ waste_of_effort, waste_of_energy, waste,@ (a useless effort) }
{ waste_of_material, waste,@ (a useless consumption of material) }
{ waste_of_money, waste,@ (money spent for inadequate return; "the senator said that the project was a waste of money") }
{ waste_of_time, waste,@ (the devotion of time to a useless activity; "the waste of time could prove fatal") }
{ [ extravagance, adj.all:wasteful^extravagant,+ ] [ prodigality, adj.all:wasteful^prodigal,+ ] [ lavishness, adj.all:generous1^lavish,+ ] highlife, high_life, waste,@ (excessive spending) }
{ [ squandering, verb.consumption:squander,+ ] waste,@ (spending resources lavishly and wastefully; "more wasteful than the squandering of time") }
{ squandermania, squandering,@ government,;c (prodigious squandering (usually by a government)) }
{ [ wrong, adj.all:wrong1,+ verb.social:wrong,+ ] legal_injury, damage1, injury1,@ (any harm or injury resulting from a violation of a legal right) }
{ injury1, wrongdoing,@ (wrongdoing that violates another's rights and is unjustly inflicted) }
{ [ injury2, verb.body:injure,+ ] wrongdoing,@ (an act that causes someone or something to receive physical damage) }
{ injustice, [ unfairness, adj.all:unfair,+ ] iniquity1, [ shabbiness, adj.all:dishonorable^shabby,+ ] wrongdoing,@ (an unjust act) }
{ [ infliction1, verb.communication:inflict,+ ] wrongdoing,@ (an act causing pain or damage) }
{ [ transgression1, verb.motion:transgress,+ ] action2,@ (the action of going beyond or overstepping some boundary or limit) }
{ [ transgression, verb.social:transgress2,+ verb.social:transgress,+ ] evildoing, wrongdoing,@ (the act of transgressing; the violation of a law or a duty or moral principle; "the boy was punished for the transgressions of his father") }
{ [ abomination, verb.emotion:abominate,+ ] evildoing,@ (an action that is vicious or vile; an action that arouses disgust or abhorrence; "his treatment of the children is an abomination") }
{ evil, immorality, [ wickedness, adj.all:wicked,+ ] [ iniquity, adj.all:wicked^iniquitous,+ ] evildoing,@ (morally objectionable behavior) }
{ villainy, evildoing,@ (a criminal or vicious act) }
{ deviltry, devilry, evil,@ (wicked and cruel behavior) }
{ enormity, atrocity,@ (an act of extreme wickedness) }
{ foul_play, evil,@ (unfair or dishonest behavior (especially involving violence)) }
{ [ irreverence, adj.all:irreverent,+ ] [ violation3, verb.social:violate2,+ ] evil,@ (a disrespectful act) }
{ sexual_immorality, evil,@ (the evil ascribed to sexual acts that violate social conventions; "sexual immorality is the major reason for last year's record number of abortions") }
{ [ profanation, verb.social:profane,+ ] [ desecration, verb.social:desecrate,+ ] [ blasphemy, adj.all:irreverent^blasphemous,+ ] [ sacrilege, adj.all:irreverent^sacrilegious,+ ] irreverence,@ (blasphemous behavior; the act of depriving something of its sacred character; "desecration of the Holy Sabbath") }
{ depravity, turpitude, evildoing,@ (a corrupt or depraved or degenerate act or practice; "the various turpitudes of modern society") }
{ [ vice, adj.all:wicked^vicious,+ ] evildoing,@ (a specific form of evildoing; "vice offends the moral standards of the community") }
{ [ pornography, adj.all:sexy^pornographic,+ noun.person:pornographer,+ ] porno, porn, erotica, [ smut, adj.all:dirty2^smutty,+ verb.change:smut2,+ ] creation,@ (creative activity (writing or pictures or films etc.) of no literary or artistic value other than to stimulate sexual desire) }
{ child_pornography, kiddie_porn, kiddy_porn, pornography,@ (the illegal use of children in pornographic pictures or films) }
{ intemperance, [ intemperateness, adj.all:indulgent^intemperate,+ adj.all:intemperate,+ ] [ self-indulgence, adj.all:indulgent^self-indulgent,+ ] indulgence,@ (excess in action and immoderate indulgence of bodily appetites, especially in passion or indulgence; "the intemperance of their language") }
{ intemperance1, [ intemperateness1, adj.all:indulgent^intemperate,+ ] vice,@ (consumption of alcoholic drinks) }
{ [ prostitution, verb.social:prostitute,+ ] harlotry, [ whoredom, noun.person:whore,+ ] vice_crime,@ (offering sexual intercourse for pay) }
{ profligacy, [ dissipation1, verb.stative:dissipate4,+ ] dissolution3, [ licentiousness, adj.all:unchaste^licentious,+ ] [ looseness, adj.all:unchaste^loose,+ ] intemperance,@ (dissolute indulgence in sensual pleasure) }
{ [ drink, verb.consumption:drink2,+ verb.consumption:drink1,+ ] [ drinking1, verb.consumption:drink2,+ verb.consumption:drink1,+ ] boozing, drunkenness, [ crapulence, adj.all:gluttonous^crapulous2,+ adj.all:gluttonous^crapulous1,+ adj.all:gluttonous^crapulent,+ ] intemperance1,@ (the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess; "drink was his downfall") }
{ drinking_bout, drink,@ (a long period of drinking) }
{ package_tour, package_holiday, tour,@ (a tour arranged by a travel agent; transportation and food and lodging are all provided at an inclusive price) }
{ pub_crawl, tour,@ (a tour of bars or public houses (usually taking one drink at each stop)) }
{ whistle-stop_tour, tour,@ campaigning,#p (a tour by a candidate as part of a political campaign in which a series of small towns are visited; "in 1948 Truman crossed the country several times on his whistle-stop tours") }
{ jag, intemperance,@ (a bout of drinking or drug taking) }
{ dishonesty, knavery, wrongdoing,@ (lack of honesty; acts of lying or cheating or stealing) }
{ [ treachery, adj.all:unfaithful^treacherous,+ ] [ betrayal, verb.social:betray,+ ] [ treason1, noun.person:treasonist,+ ] [ perfidy, adj.all:unfaithful^perfidious,+ ] dishonesty,@ (an act of deliberate betrayal) }
{ [ double_cross, verb.social:double_cross,+ ] [ double-crossing, verb.social:double_cross,+ ] treachery,@ (an act of betrayal; "he gave us the old double cross"; "I could no longer tolerate his impudent double-crossing") }
{ [ sellout, verb.cognition:sell_out,+ ] treachery,@ (a betrayal of one's principles principles, country, cause, etc.) }
{ charlatanism, quackery1, dishonesty,@ (the dishonesty of a charlatan) }
{ [ plagiarism, adj.all:derived^plagiaristic,+ noun.person:plagiarist,+ verb.possession:plagiarize,+ verb.possession:plagiarise,+ ] [ plagiarization, verb.possession:plagiarize,+ ] [ plagiarisation, verb.possession:plagiarise,+ ] [ piracy1, adj.pert:piratical1,+ verb.possession:pirate,+ ] copyright_infringement,@ (the act of plagiarizing; taking someone's words or ideas as if they were your own) }
{ [ trick4, noun.person:trickster1,+ ] dishonesty,@ (an attempt to get you to do something foolish or imprudent; "that offer was a dirty trick") }
{ [ falsification, verb.social:falsify,+ ] falsehood, dishonesty,@ (the act of rendering something false as by fraudulent changes (of documents or measures etc.) or counterfeiting) }
{ [ falsification2, verb.social:falsify,+ verb.communication:falsify,+ verb.change:falsify3,+ verb.change:falsify,+ ] misrepresentation, wrongdoing,@ (a willful perversion of facts) }
{ frame-up, [ setup, verb.social:set_up,+ ] falsification,@ (an act that incriminates someone on a false charge) }
{ [ distortion, verb.communication:distort,+ ] [ overrefinement, verb.change:overrefine,+ ] straining, torture1, [ twisting, verb.communication:twist,+ ] falsification2,@ (the act of distorting something so it seems to mean something it was not intended to mean) }
{ [ equivocation, verb.communication:equivocate,+ ] [ tergiversation, verb.communication:tergiversate1,+ ] falsification2,@ (falsification by means of vague or ambiguous language) }
{ [ lying, verb.communication:lie,+ ] [ prevarication, verb.communication:prevaricate,+ ] [ fabrication3, verb.creation:fabricate1,+ ] falsification2,@ (the deliberate act of deviating from the truth) }
{ [ fibbing, verb.communication:fib,+ ] [ paltering, verb.communication:palter,+ ] lying,@ (a trivial act of lying or being deliberately unclear)}
{ [ fakery, verb.social:fake,+ verb.creation:fake,+ ] deception,@ (the act of faking (or the product of faking)) }
{ [ deception, verb.social:deceive,+ verb.communication:deceive,+ ] deceit, dissembling, [ dissimulation, verb.perception:dissimulate,+ ] falsification2,@ (the act of deceiving) }
{ indirection1, deception,@ (deceitful action that is not straightforward; "he could see through the indirections of diplomats") }
{ [ trickery1, verb.social:trick,+ ] [ chicanery, verb.competition:chicane,+ ] [ chicane, verb.competition:chicane,+ ] guile, [ wile, adj.all:artful^wily,+ ] shenanigan1, deception,@ (the use of tricks to deceive someone (usually to extract money from them)) }
{ [ duplicity, adj.all:dishonest^duplicitous,+ ] [ double-dealing, adj.all:dishonest^double-dealing,+ ] deception,@ (acting in bad faith; deception by pretending to entertain one set of intentions while acting under the influence of another) }
{ [ sophistication, verb.communication:sophisticate,+ ] falsification,@ (falsification by the use of sophistry; misleading by means of specious fallacies; "he practiced the art of sophistication upon reason") }
{ fraud1, [ fraudulence, adj.all:dishonest^fraudulent,+ ] [ dupery, verb.communication:dupe,+ ] [ hoax, verb.social:hoax,+ ] [ humbug, verb.social:humbug,+ ] [ put-on, verb.communication:put_on,+ ] trickery1,@ (something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage) }
{ goldbrick, fraud1,@ noun.communication:figure_of_speech,;u (anything that is supposed to be valuable but turns out to be worthless) }
{ [ jugglery1, verb.social:juggle2,+ ] trickery1,@ (artful trickery designed to achieve an end; "the senator's tax program was mere jugglery") }
{ [ scam, verb.social:scam,+ ] [ cozenage, verb.social:cozen,+ verb.possession:cozen,+ ] swindle,@ (a fraudulent business scheme) }
{ [ cheat, verb.social:cheat,+ ] [ cheating, verb.social:cheat1,+ verb.social:cheat,+ ] deception,@ (a deception for profit to yourself) }
{ [ gerrymander, verb.social:gerrymander,+ ] cheat,@ (an act of gerrymandering (dividing a voting area so as to give your own party an unfair advantage)) }
{ [ delusion, verb.social:delude,+ ] [ illusion, adj.all:unreal^illusional,+ adj.all:unreal^illusionary,+ ] head_game, deception,@ (the act of deluding; deception by creating illusory ideas) }
{ [ pretense, verb.communication:pretend,+ ] pretence, [ pretending, verb.communication:pretend,+ ] [ simulation, verb.creation:simulate,+ ] [ feigning, verb.creation:feign,+ ] deception,@ (the act of giving a false appearance; "his conformity was only pretending") }
{ appearance2, [ show1, adj.all:ostentatious^showy,+ ] pretense,@ (pretending that something is the case in order to make a good impression; "they try to keep up appearances"; "that ceremony is just for show") }
{ [ make-believe, adj.all:unreal^make-believe,+ verb.communication:make_believe1,+ ] [ pretend, verb.communication:pretend1,+ ] pretense,@ (the enactment of a pretense; "it was just pretend") }
{ affectation, mannerism, [ pose, verb.social:pose,+ ] affectedness, pretense,@ (a deliberate pretense or exaggerated display) }
{ [ attitude, verb.social:attitudinize,+ verb.social:attitudinise,+ ] pose,@ (a theatrical pose created for effect; "the actor struck just the right attitude") }
{ radical_chic, affectation,@ (an affectation of radical left-wing views and the fashionable dress and lifestyle that goes with them) }
{ [ masquerade, verb.communication:masquerade,+ ] charade1, pretense,@ (making a false outward show; "a beggar's masquerade of wealth") }
{ imposture, [ impersonation1, verb.creation:impersonate,+ verb.communication:impersonate,+ ] deception,@ (pretending to be another person) }
{ [ obscurantism, noun.person:obscurantist,+ ] deception,@ (a deliberate act intended to make something obscure) }
{ [ bluff, verb.competition:bluff,+ ] four_flush, deception,@ (the act of bluffing in poker; deception by a false show of confidence in the strength of your cards) }
{ [ take-in, verb.communication:take_in,+ ] deception,@ (the act of taking in as by fooling or cheating or swindling someone) }
{ [ fall3, verb.social:fall15,+ verb.social:fall1,+ ] sin,@ (a lapse into sin; a loss of innocence or of chastity; "a fall from virtue") }
{ [ sin, verb.social:sin,+ ] [ sinning, verb.social:sin,+ ] evildoing,@ (an act that is regarded by theologians as a transgression of God's will) }
{ [ actual_sin, original_sin,! ] sin,@ (a sin committed of your own free will (as contrasted with original sin)) }
{ [ original_sin, actual_sin,! ] sin,@ noun.communication:religious_doctrine,@ (a sin said to be inherited by all descendants of Adam; "Adam and Eve committed the original sin when they ate the forbidden fruit in the Garden of Eden") }
{ [ mortal_sin, venial_sin,! ] deadly_sin, sin,@ (an unpardonable sin entailing a total loss of grace; "theologians list seven mortal sins") }
{ [ venial_sin, mortal_sin,! ] sin,@ (a pardonable sin regarded as entailing only a partial loss of grace) }
{ pride, superbia, mortal_sin,@ (unreasonable and inordinate self-esteem (personified as one of the deadly sins)) }
{ [ envy, adj.all:desirous^envious,+ verb.emotion:envy,+ ] invidia, mortal_sin,@ (spite and resentment at seeing the success of another (personified as one of the deadly sins)) }
{ [ avarice, adj.all:acquisitive^avaricious,+ ] [ greed, adj.all:acquisitive^greedy,+ ] [ covetousness, adj.all:acquisitive^covetous,+ ] [ rapacity, adj.all:acquisitive^rapacious,+ ] avaritia, mortal_sin,@ (reprehensible acquisitiveness; insatiable desire for wealth (personified as one of the deadly sins)) }
{ sloth, [ laziness, adj.all:idle^lazy,+ ] acedia, mortal_sin,@ (apathy and inactivity in the practice of virtue (personified as one of the deadly sins)) }
{ wrath, [ anger, adj.all:angry,+ verb.emotion:anger1,+ verb.emotion:anger,+ ] ire, ira, mortal_sin,@ (belligerence aroused by a real or supposed wrong (personified as one of the deadly sins)) }
{ gluttony, [ overeating, verb.consumption:overeat,+ ] gula, mortal_sin,@ (eating to excess (personified as one of the deadly sins)) }
{ [ lust, adj.all:passionate^lusty,+ verb.consumption:lust,+ ] luxuria, mortal_sin,@ (self-indulgent sexual desire (personified as one of the deadly sins)) }
{ terror, coercion1,@ (the use of extreme fear in order to coerce people (especially for political reasons); "he used terror to make them confess") }
{ [ terrorism, noun.person:terrorist,+ ] act_of_terrorism, terrorist_act, terror,@ (the calculated use of violence (or the threat of violence) against civilians in order to attain goals that are political or religious or ideological in nature; this is done through intimidation or coercion or instilling fear) }
{ bioterrorism, biological_terrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (terrorism using the weapons of biological warfare) }
{ chemical_terrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (terrorism using the chemical agents of chemical warfare; can undermine the personal security of citizens; "a good agent for chemical terrorism should be colorless and odorless and inexpensive and readily available and not detectable until symptoms are experienced") }
{ [ cyber-terrorism, noun.person:cyber-terrorist,+ ] cyberwar, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (an assault on electronic communication networks) }
{ domestic_terrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (terrorism practiced in your own country against your own people; "the 1995 bombing of a federal building in Oklahoma City was an instance of domestic terrorism") }
{ ecoterrorism, ecological_terrorism, eco-warfare, ecological_warfare, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (violence carried out to further the political or social objectives of the environmentalists) }
{ international_terrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (terrorism practiced in a foreign country by terrorists who are not native to that country) }
{ narcoterrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (the financing of terrorist activities by participation in the drug trade) }
{ nuclear_terrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (the use of a nuclear device by a terrorist organization to cause massive devastation or the use (or threat of use) of fissionable radioactive materials; "assaults on nuclear power plants is one form of nuclear terrorism") }
{ state-sponsored_terrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (terrorism practiced by a government against its own people or in support of international terrorism) }
{ theoterrorism, terrorism,@ terrorism,;c (terrorism for a religious purpose) }
{ [ terrorization1, verb.social:terrorize,+ ] [ terrorisation1, verb.social:terrorise,+ ] evildoing,@ noun.act:terrorism,;c (an act of terrorism) }
{ barratry, crime,@ noun.group:law,;c (the offense of vexatiously persisting in inciting lawsuits and quarrels) }
{ champerty, wrongdoing,@ noun.group:law,;c (an unethical agreement between an attorney and client that the attorney would sue and pay the costs of the client's suit in return for a portion of the damages awarded; "soliciting personal injury cases may constitute champerty") }
{ maintenance2, criminal_maintenance, wrongdoing,@ noun.group:law,;c (the unauthorized interference in a legal action by a person having no interest in it (as by helping one party with money or otherwise to continue the action) so as to obstruct justice or promote unnecessary litigation or unsettle the peace of the community; "unlike champerty, criminal maintenance does not necessarily involve personal profit") }
{ [ offense1, verb.social:offend,+ ] offence1, evildoing,@ (a transgression that constitutes a violation of what is judged to be right) }
{ [ crime, adj.all:illegal^criminal,+ verb.communication:criminate,+ verb.stative:incriminate,+ verb.communication:incriminate,+ verb.social:criminalise,+ ] criminal_offense, criminal_offence, law-breaking, offense1,@ noun.communication:criminal_law,;c ((criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act; "a long record of crimes") }
{ [ crime1, adj.all:illegal^criminal,+ verb.stative:incriminate,+ ] evildoing,@ (an evil act not necessarily punishable by law; "crimes of the heart") }
{ inside_job, evildoing,@ (some transgression committed with the assistance of someone trusted by the victim; "the police decided that the crime was an inside job") }
{ [ assault1, verb.competition:assault,+ ] attack2,@ (a threatened or attempted physical attack by someone who appears to be able to cause bodily harm if not stopped) }
{ aggravated_assault, assault1,@ (a reckless attack with intent to injure seriously (as with a deadly weapon))}
{ battery, assault_and_battery, assault1,@ (an assault in which the assailant makes physical contact) }
{ capital_offense, crime,@ (a crime so serious that capital punishment is considered appropriate) }
{ cybercrime, crime,@ (crime committed using a computer and the internet to steal a person's identity or sell contraband or stalk victims or disrupt operations with malevolent programs) }
{ [ felony, adj.all:illegal^felonious,+ ] crime,@ (a serious crime (such as murder or arson)) }
{ [ forgery1, verb.creation:forge1,+ ] falsification,@ crime,@ (criminal falsification by making or altering an instrument with intent to defraud) }
{ fraud, crime,@ (intentional deception resulting in injury to another person) }
{ barratry1, fraud,@ noun.group:maritime_law,;c ((maritime law) a fraudulent breach of duty by the master of a ship that injures the owner of the ship or its cargo; includes every breach of trust such as stealing or sinking or deserting the ship or embezzling the cargo) }
{ Had_crime, crime,@ noun.cognition:Islam,;c ((Islam) serious crimes committed by Muslims and punishable by punishments established in the Koran; "Had crimes include apostasy from Islam and murder and theft and adultery") }
{ [ hijack, verb.contact:hijack,+ ] [ highjack, verb.contact:highjack,+ ] crime,@ (seizure of a vehicle in transit either to rob it or divert it to an alternate destination) }
{ mayhem, crime,@ (the willful and unlawful crippling or mutilation of another person) }
{ misdemeanor, misdemeanour, [ infraction, verb.social:infract,+ ] violation, [ infringement, verb.social:infringe,+ ] crime,@ (a crime less serious than a felony) }
{ [ violation4, verb.stative:violate,+ ] [ infringement1, verb.social:infringe,+ verb.motion:infringe,+ ] wrongdoing,@ (an act that disregards an agreement or a right; "he claimed a violation of his rights under the Fifth Amendment") }
{ copyright_infringement, infringement_of_copyright, violation4,@ (a violation of the rights secured by a copyright) }
{ [ foul1, verb.competition:foul,+ verb.competition:foul1,+ ] violation4,@ sport,;c (an act that violates the rules of a sport) }
{ personal_foul, foul1,@ sport,;c (a foul that involves unnecessarily rough contact (as in basketball or football)) }
{ technical_foul, technical, foul1,@ basketball,;c ((basketball) a foul that can be assessed on a player or a coach or a team for unsportsmanlike conduct; does not usually involve physical contact during play) }
{ patent_infringement, violation4,@ (violation of the rights secured by a patent) }
{ disorderly_conduct, disorderly_behavior, disturbance_of_the_peace, breach_of_the_peace, misdemeanor,@ (any act of molesting, interrupting, hindering, agitating, or arousing from a state of repose or otherwise depriving inhabitants of the peace and quiet to which they are entitled) }
{ false_pretense, false_pretence, misdemeanor,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) an offense involving intent to defraud and false representation and obtaining property as a result of that misrepresentation) }
{ indecent_exposure, public_nudity, misdemeanor,@ (vulgar and offensive nakedness in a public place) }
{ [ perjury, verb.communication:perjure,+ ] bearing_false_witness, lying_under_oath, misdemeanor,@ (criminal offense of making false statements under oath) }
{ resisting_arrest, assault,@ battery,@ noun.group:law,;c (physical efforts to oppose a lawful arrest; the resistance is classified as assault and battery upon the person of the police officer attempting to make the arrest) }
{ [ sedition, adj.all:provocative^seditious,+ adj.all:disloyal^seditious,+ ] misdemeanor,@ noun.group:law,;c (an illegal action inciting resistance to lawful authority and tending to cause the disruption or overthrow of the government) }
{ [ molestation1, verb.social:molest,+ ] sexual_assault,@ (the act of subjecting someone to unwanted or improper sexual advances or activity (especially women or children)) }
{ [ perpetration, verb.social:perpetrate,+ ] [ commission1, verb.social:commit,+ ] [ committal1, verb.social:commit,+ ] crime,@ (the act of committing a crime) }
{ [ rape, verb.social:rape,+ ] [ violation2, verb.social:violate1,+ ] [ assault2, verb.competition:assault,+ ] [ ravishment, verb.social:ravish,+ ] sexual_assault,@ (the crime of forcing a person to submit to sexual intercourse against his or her will) }
{ date_rape, rape,@ (rape in which the rapist is known to the victim (as when they are on a date together)) }
{ [ attack2, verb.competition:attack2,+ ] attempt2, crime,@ (the act of attacking; "attacks on women increased last year"; "they made an attempt on his life") }
{ [ mugging, verb.possession:mug,+ ] assault1,@ (assault with intent to rob) }
{ sexual_assault, sexual_abuse, sex_crime, sex_offense, statutory_offense,@ noun.group:law,;c (a statutory offense that provides that it is a crime to knowingly cause another person to engage in an unwanted sexual act by force or threat; "most states have replaced the common law definition of rape with statutes defining sexual assault") }
{ Tazir_crime, crime,@ noun.cognition:Islam,;c ((Islam) minor crimes committed by Muslims; crimes that are not mentioned in the Koran so judges are free to punish the offender in any appropriate way; "in some Islamic nations Tazir crimes are set by legislation") }
{ statutory_offense, statutory_offence, regulatory_offense, regulatory_offence, crime,@ (crimes created by statutes and not by common law) }
{ thuggery, crime,@ (violent or brutal acts as of thugs) }
{ [ bigamy, adj.all:polygamous^bigamous,+ noun.person:bigamist,+ ] statutory_offense,@ (the offense of marrying someone while you have a living spouse from whom no valid divorce has occurred) }
{ [ capture1, verb.contact:capture1,+ ] [ seizure2, verb.contact:seize1,+ ] felony,@ (the act of taking of a person by force) }
{ [ abduction, verb.contact:abduct2,+ ] capture1,@ (the criminal act of capturing and carrying away by force a family member; if a man's wife is abducted it is a crime against the family relationship and against the wife) }
{ [ kidnapping, verb.contact:kidnap,+ ] [ snatch2, verb.contact:snatch1,+ ] capture1,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the unlawful act of capturing and carrying away a person against their will and holding them in false imprisonment) }
{ [ racket, noun.person:racketeer,+ ] fraudulent_scheme, illegitimate_enterprise, enterprise,@ (an illegal enterprise (such as extortion or fraud or drug peddling or prostitution) carried on for profit) }
{ [ racketeering, verb.social:racketeer,+ ] felony,@ (engaging in a racket) }
{ [ bribery, verb.possession:bribe,+ ] graft1, felony,@ (the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage) }
{ barratry2, bribery,@ (the crime of a judge whose judgment is influenced by bribery) }
{ commercial_bribery, bribery,@ (bribery of a purchasing agent in order to induce the agent to enter into a transaction) }
{ [ embezzlement, verb.possession:embezzle,+ ] [ peculation, verb.possession:peculate,+ ] [ defalcation, verb.possession:defalcate,+ ] misapplication, [ misappropriation, verb.possession:misappropriate,+ ] larceny,@ (the fraudulent appropriation of funds or property entrusted to your care but actually owned by someone else) }
{ identity_theft, fraud,@ (the co-option of another person's personal information (e.g., name, Social Security number, credit card number, passport) without that person's knowledge and the fraudulent use of such knowledge) }
{ [ raid1, verb.possession:raid2,+ ] embezzlement,@ (an attempt by speculators to defraud investors) }
{ [ plunderage, verb.possession:plunder1,+ ] embezzlement,@ (the act of plundering (especially the embezzlement of goods on shipboard)) }
{ mail_fraud, fraud,@ (use of the mails to defraud someone) }
{ election_fraud, fraud,@ (misrepresentation or alteration of the true results of an election) }
{ constructive_fraud, legal_fraud, fraud,@ (comprises all acts or omissions or concealments involving breach of equitable or legal duty or trust or confidence) }
{ extrinsic_fraud, collateral_fraud, fraud,@ (fraud that prevents a party from knowing their rights or from having a fair opportunity of presenting them at trial) }
{ fraud_in_fact, positive_fraud, fraud,@ (actual deceit; concealing something or making a false representation with an evil intent to cause injury to another) }
{ fraud_in_law, constructive_fraud,@ (fraud that is presumed from the circumstances although the one who commits it need not have had any evil intent) }
{ fraud_in_the_factum, fraud,@ (fraud that arises from a disparity between the instrument intended to be executed and the instrument actually executed; e.g., leading someone to sign the wrong contract) }
{ fraud_in_the_inducement, fraud,@ (fraud which intentionally causes a person to execute an instrument or make an agreement or render a judgment; e.g., misleading someone about the true facts) }
{ intrinsic_fraud, fraud,@ (fraud (as by use of forged documents or false claims or perjury) that misleads a court or jury and induces a finding for the one perpetrating the fraud) }
{ [ bunco, verb.social:bunco,+ ] bunco_game, bunko, bunko_game, [ con, verb.social:con,+ ] confidence_trick, confidence_game, con_game, hustle1, sting, [ flimflam, verb.social:flim-flam,+ ] swindle,@ (a swindle in which you cheat at gambling or persuade a person to buy worthless property) }
{ [ gyp, verb.social:gyp,+ ] [ gip, verb.social:gip,+ ] swindle,@ noun.communication:derogation,;u ((sometimes offensive) an act of swindling or cheating) }
{ sting_operation, bunco,@ (a complicated confidence game planned and executed with great care (especially an operation implemented by undercover agents to apprehend criminals)) }
{ pyramiding, swindle,@ (a fraudulent business practice involving some form of pyramid scheme e.g., the chain of distribution is artificially expanded by an excessive number of distributors selling to other distributors at progressively higher wholesale prices until retail prices are unnecessarily inflated) }
{ [ swindle, verb.social:swindle,+ ] [ cheat1, verb.competition:cheat,+ ] [ rig, verb.possession:rig,+ verb.social:rig,+ ] fraud,@ (the act of swindling by some fraudulent scheme; "that book is a fraud") }
{ holdout, swindle,@ (the act of hiding playing cards in a gambling game so they are available for personal use later) }
{ swiz, swindle,@ noun.location:Britain,;r noun.communication:slang,;u (British slang for a swindle) }
{ shell_game, thimblerig, swindle,@ (a swindling sleight-of-hand game; victim guesses which of three things a pellet is under) }
{ [ larceny, noun.person:larcenist,+ noun.person:larcener,+ ] theft, [ thievery, verb.possession:thieve,+ ] [ thieving, verb.possession:thieve,+ ] [ stealing, verb.possession:steal,+ ] felony,@ (the act of taking something from someone unlawfully; "the thieving is awful at Kennedy International") }
{ [ pilferage, verb.possession:pilfer,+ ] larceny,@ (the act of stealing small amounts or small articles) }
{ [ shoplifting, verb.possession:shoplift,+ ] shrinkage, larceny,@ (the act of stealing goods that are on display in a store; "shrinkage is the retail trade's euphemism for shoplifting") }
{ [ robbery, verb.possession:rob,+ ] larceny,@ (larceny by threat of violence) }
{ armed_robbery, [ heist1, verb.social:heist,+ ] [ holdup, verb.possession:hold_up,+ ] [ stickup, verb.possession:stick_up,+ ] robbery,@ (robbery at gunpoint) }
{ [ treason, adj.all:disloyal^treasonous,+ noun.person:treasonist,+ ] high_treason, lese_majesty, crime,@ (a crime that undermines the offender's government) }
{ vice_crime, crime,@ (a vice that is illegal) }
{ victimless_crime, crime,@ (an act that is legally a crime but that seem to have no victims; "he considers prostitution to be a victimless crime") }
{ war_crime, crime,@ (a crime committed in wartime; violation of rules of war) }
{ biopiracy, larceny,@ (biological theft; illegal collection of indigenous plants by corporations who patent them for their own use) }
{ caper1, job2, robbery,@ (a crime (especially a robbery); "the gang pulled off a bank job in St. Louis") }
{ dacoity, dakoity, robbery,@ noun.location:India,;r noun.location:Burma,;r (robbery by a gang of armed dacoits) }
{ [ heist, verb.social:heist,+ ] [ rip-off, verb.social:rip_off,+ ] robbery,@ noun.communication:slang,;u (the act of stealing) }
{ [ highjacking, verb.contact:highjack,+ ] [ hijacking, verb.contact:hijack,+ ] robbery,@ (robbery of a traveller or vehicle in transit or seizing control of a vehicle by the use of force) }
{ highway_robbery, robbery,@ (robbery of travellers on or near a public road) }
{ [ piracy, verb.contact:pirate,+ ] buccaneering, highjacking,@ (hijacking on the high seas or in similar contexts; taking a ship or plane away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it; "air piracy") }
{ rolling1, robbery,@ (the act of robbing a helpless person; "he was charged with rolling drunks in the park") }
{ [ grand_larceny, petit_larceny,! ] grand_theft, larceny,@ (larceny of property having a value greater than some amount (the amount varies by locale)) }
{ [ petit_larceny, grand_larceny,! ] petty_larceny, petty, larceny,@ (larceny of property having a value less than some amount (the amount varies by locale)) }
{ skimming1, larceny,@ (failure to declare income in order to avoid paying taxes on it) }
{ [ extortion, noun.person:extortionist,+ verb.possession:extort,+ ] felony,@ (the felonious act of extorting money (as by threats of violence)) }
{ [ blackmail, verb.social:blackmail,+ verb.possession:blackmail,+ ] extortion,@ (extortion of money by threats to divulge discrediting information) }
{ protection1, tribute2, extortion,@ (payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence; "every store in the neighborhood had to pay him protection") }
{ shakedown, extortion,@ noun.communication:slang,;u (extortion of money (as by blackmail)) }
{ [ burglary, adj.pert:burglarious,+ verb.social:burgle,+ verb.social:burglarize,+ ] felony,@ (entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property) }
{ housebreaking, [ break-in, verb.social:break_in,+ ] breaking_and_entering, burglary,@ (trespassing for an unlawful purpose; illegal entrance into premises with criminal intent) }
{ home_invasion, housebreaking,@ (burglary of a dwelling while the residents are at home) }

{ joint_venture, venture,@ (a venture by a partnership or conglomerate designed to share risk or expertise; "a joint venture between the film companies to produce TV shows") }
{ foreign_direct_investment1, joint_venture,@ (a joint venture between a foreign company and a United States company) }
{ experiment1, venture,@ (a venture at something new or different; "as an experiment he decided to grow a beard") }
{ forlorn_hope, enterprise,@ (a hopeless or desperate enterprise) }
{ [ attempt, verb.social:attempt,+ ] effort, [ endeavor, verb.social:endeavor,+ ] [ endeavour, verb.social:endeavour,+ ] [ try, verb.social:try,+ ] activity,@ (earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something; "made an effort to cover all the reading material"; "wished him luck in his endeavor"; "she gave it a good try") }
{ [ bid, verb.possession:bid4,+ ] play3, attempt,@ (an attempt to get something; "they made a futile play for power"; "he made a bid to gain attention") }
{ crack1, fling1, go1, pass1, whirl, offer1, attempt,@ (a usually brief attempt; "he took a crack at it"; "I gave it a whirl") }
{ [ essay, verb.social:essay,+ ] attempt,@ (a tentative attempt) }
{ foray1, attempt,@ (an initial attempt (especially outside your usual areas of competence); "scientists' forays into politics") }
{ [ contribution2, verb.possession:contribute,+ ] part3, share1, effort,@ (the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result; "I am proud of my contribution in advancing the project"; "they all did their share of the work") }
{ end, contribution2,@ (the part you are expected to play; "he held up his end") }
{ [ liberation, verb.social:liberate1,+ verb.social:liberate,+ ] attempt,@ (the attempt to achieve equal rights or status; "she worked for women's liberation") }
{ mug's_game, attempt,@ (a futile or unprofitable endeavor) }
{ power_play, squeeze_play1, [ squeeze1, verb.possession:squeeze3,+ verb.social:squeeze1,+ ] attempt,@ (an aggressive attempt to compel acquiescence by the concentration or manipulation of power; "she laughed at this sexual power play and walked away") }
{ [ seeking1, verb.possession:seek,+ ] attempt,@ (an attempt to acquire or gain something) }
{ shot4, stab1, attempt,@ (informal words for any attempt or effort; "he gave it his best shot"; "he took a stab at forecasting") }
{ shot8, attempt,@ (an attempt to score in a game) }
{ [ striving, verb.social:strive,+ ] nisus, pains, [ strain, adj.all:effortful^strenuous,+ verb.consumption:strain,+ verb.competition:strain,+ ] attempt,@ (an effortful attempt to attain a goal) }
{ [ struggle1, verb.social:struggle,+ ] battle1, attempt,@ (an energetic attempt to achieve something; "getting through the crowd was a real struggle"; "he fought a battle for recognition") }
{ [ duel1, noun.person:duellist,+ noun.person:duelist,+ ] struggle1,@ (any struggle between two skillful opponents (individuals or groups)) }
{ [ scramble1, verb.contact:scramble,+ ] [ scuffle1, verb.contact:scuffle,+ ] struggle1,@ (an unceremonious and disorganized struggle) }
{ [ buyout, verb.possession:buy_out,+ ] acquisition,@ (acquisition of a company by purchasing a controlling percentage of its stock) }
{ strategic_buyout, buyout,@ (an acquisition based on analysis of the benefits of consolidation in anticipation of increased earning power) }
{ [ takeover1, verb.possession:take_over3,+ ] buyout,@ (a change by sale or merger in the controlling interest of a corporation) }
{ anti-takeover_defense, resistance2,@ (resistance to or defense against a hostile takeover) }
{ takeover_attempt, attempt,@ (an attempt to take control of a corporation) }
{ takeover_bid, noun.communication:tender_offer,@ (an offer to buy shares in order to take over the company) }
{ two-tier_bid, takeover_bid,@ (a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to pay more for the shares needed to gain control than for the remaining shares) }
{ any-and-all_bid, takeover_bid,@ (a takeover bid where the acquirer offers to buy any and all shares outstanding) }
{ hostile_takeover, takeover1,@ (a takeover that is resisted by the management of the target company) }
{ friendly_takeover, takeover1,@ (a takeover that is welcomed by the management of the target company) }
{ [ test, verb.communication:test8,+ verb.stative:test,+ ] trial, [ run6, verb.change:run2,+ ] attempt,@ (the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial") }
{ [ assay, verb.cognition:assay,+ ] test,@ (a quantitative or qualitative test of a substance (especially an ore or a drug) to determine its components; frequently used to test for the presence or concentration of infectious agents or antibodies etc.) }
{ enzyme-linked-immunosorbent_serologic_assay, ELISA, assay,@ (an assay that relies on an enzymatic conversion reaction and is used to detect the presence of specific substances (such as enzymes or viruses or antibodies or bacteria)) }
{ immunohistochemistry, assay,@ (an assay that shows specific antigens in tissues by the use of markers that are either fluorescent dyes or enzymes (such as horseradish peroxidase)) }
{ clinical_trial, clinical_test, test,@ (a rigorously controlled test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on human subjects; in the United States it is conducted under the direction of the FDA before being made available for general clinical use) }
{ phase_I_clinical_trial, phase_I, clinical_trial,@ (a clinical trial on a few persons to determine the safety of a new drug or invasive medical device; for drugs, dosage or toxicity limits should be obtained) }
{ phase_II_clinical_trial, phase_II, clinical_trial,@ (a clinical trial on more persons than in phase I; intended to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for the condition it is intended to treat; possible side effects are monitored) }
{ phase_III_clinical_trial, phase_III, clinical_trial,@ (a large clinical trial of a treatment or drug that in phase I and phase II has been shown to be efficacious with tolerable side effects; after successful conclusion of these clinical trials it will receive formal approval from the FDA) }
{ phase_IV_clinical_trial, phase_IV, clinical_trial,@ (sometimes the FDA approves a drug for general use but requires the manufacturer to continue to monitor its effects; during this phase the drug may be tried on slightly different patient populations than those studied in earlier trials) }
{ double_blind, test,@ (a test procedure in which the identity of those receiving the intervention is concealed from both the administrators and the subjects until after the test is completed; designed to reduce or eliminate bias in the results) }
{ preclinical_trial, preclinical_test, preclinical_phase, test,@ (a laboratory test of a new drug or a new invasive medical device on animal subjects; conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial) }
{ [ test3, verb.cognition:test6,+ verb.competition:test,+ verb.communication:test,+ ] [ trial3, verb.social:try1,+ ] attempt,@ (the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill") }
{ [ audition1, verb.creation:audition,+ ] [ tryout, verb.creation:try_out,+ ] test,@ (a test of the suitability of a performer) }
{ screen_test, audition1,@ (a filmed audition of an actor or actress) }
{ field_trial, test,@ (a test of young hunting dogs to determine their skill in pointing and retrieving) }
{ [ fitting, verb.stative:fit2,+ ] try-on, trying_on, test,@ (putting clothes on to see whether they fit) }
{ MOT, MOT_test, Ministry_of_Transportation_test, test,@ noun.location:Great_Britain1,;r (a compulsory annual test of older motor vehicles for safety and exhaust fumes) }
{ pilot_project, pilot_program, test,@ (activity planned as a test or trial; "they funded a pilot project in six states") }
{ spadework, work,@ (dull or routine preliminary work preparing for an undertaking) }
{ timework, work,@ (work paid for at a rate per unit of time) }
{ [ undertaking, verb.creation:undertake,+ ] [ project, verb.creation:project1,+ ] [ task1, verb.social:task,+ ] [ labor1, verb.social:labor,+ verb.social:labor1,+ ] work,@ (any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted; "he prepared for great undertakings") }
{ written_assignment, writing_assignment, assignment3,@ (an assignment to write something) }
{ [ adventure, adj.pert:adventuristic,+ adj.all:adventurous,+ noun.person:adventurer1,+ noun.person:adventurer,+ verb.social:adventure,+ verb.social:adventure1,+ ] escapade1, risky_venture, dangerous_undertaking, undertaking,@ (a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)) }
{ [ assignment3, verb.cognition:assign,+ ] undertaking,@ (an undertaking that you have been assigned to do (as by an instructor)) }
{ baby, undertaking,@ (a project of personal concern to someone; "this project is his baby") }
{ [ enterprise, noun.person:enterpriser,+ ] [ endeavor1, verb.social:endeavor,+ ] [ endeavour1, verb.social:endeavour,+ ] undertaking,@ (a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness); "he had doubts about the whole enterprise") }
{ labor_of_love, labour_of_love, undertaking,@ (productive work performed voluntarily without material reward or compensation) }
{ marathon, endurance_contest, undertaking,@ (any long and arduous undertaking) }
{ no-brainer, undertaking,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u (anything that requires little thought) }
{ proposition, undertaking,@ (a task to be dealt with; "securing adequate funding is a time-consuming proposition") }
{ tall_order, large_order, undertaking,@ (a formidable task or requirement; "finishing in time was a tall order but we did it") }
{ [ venture, verb.social:venture1,+ ] undertaking,@ (any venturesome undertaking especially one with an uncertain outcome) }
{ [ speleology, noun.person:speleologist,+ ] [ spelaeology, noun.person:spelaeologist,+ ] avocation,@ (the pastime of exploring caves) }
{ [ campaign2, verb.social:campaign10,+ ] cause1, [ crusade, verb.social:crusade10,+ ] [ drive2, verb.communication:drive,+ verb.social:drive,+ verb.creation:drive,+ verb.contact:drive11,+ verb.contact:drive,+ ] movement3, effort3, venture,@ (a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end; "he supported populist campaigns"; "they worked in the cause of world peace"; "the team was ready for a drive toward the pennant"; "the movement to end slavery"; "contributed to the war effort") }
{ advertising_campaign, ad_campaign, ad_blitz, campaign2,@ (an organized program of advertisements) }
{ anti-war_movement, campaign2,@ (a campaign against entering or continuing a war) }
{ charm_campaign, campaign2,@ (a campaign of flattery and friendliness (by a company, politician, etc.) to become more popular and gain support) }
{ consumerism, campaign2,@ (a movement advocating greater protection of the interests of consumers) }
{ campaigning, candidacy, candidature, [ electioneering, verb.social:electioneer,+ ] political_campaign, campaign2,@ (the campaign of a candidate to be elected) }
{ front-porch_campaigning, front-porch_campaign, campaigning,@ (a campaign in which the candidate makes speeches but does not travel; "William McKinley's dignified front-porch campaign won him the presidency in 1896"; "her approach was the opposite of a passive front-porch campaign") }
{ hustings, campaigning,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (the activities involved in political campaigning (especially speech making)) }
{ fund-raising_campaign, fund-raising_drive, fund-raising_effort, campaign2,@ (a campaign to raise money for some cause) }
{ feminist_movement, [ feminism, noun.person:feminist,+ ] [ women's_liberation_movement, noun.person:women's_liberationist,+ ] [ women's_lib, noun.person:women's_liberationist,+ ] campaign2,@ (the movement aimed at equal rights for women) }
{ gay_liberation_movement, gay_lib, campaign2,@ (the movement aimed at liberating homosexuals from legal or social or economic oppression) }
{ lost_cause, campaign2,@ (a defeated cause or a cause for which defeat is inevitable) }
{ [ reform1, verb.change:reform,+ ] campaign2,@ (a campaign aimed to correct abuses or malpractices; "the reforms he proposed were too radical for the politicians") }
{ war1, campaign2,@ (a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious; "the war on poverty"; "the war against crime") }
{ youth_movement, youth_crusade, campaign2,@ (political or religious or social reform movement or agitation consisting chiefly of young people) }
{ whispering_campaign, campaigning,@ (the organized dissemination of derogatory rumors designed to discredit a candidate) }
{ stumping, campaigning,@ (campaigning for something by making political speeches (stump speeches)) }
{ sales_campaign, advertising_campaign,@ (an advertising campaign intended to promote sales) }
{ public-relations_campaign, advertising_campaign,@ (an advertising campaign intended to improve public relations) }
{ sally1, sallying_forth, venture,@ (a venture off the beaten path; "a sally into the wide world beyond his home") }
{ self-help, aid,@ (the act of helping or improving yourself without relying on anyone else) }
{ [ risk, adj.all:unsound^risky,+ adj.all:dangerous^risky,+ verb.social:risk1,+ verb.social:risk,+ ] [ peril, adj.all:dangerous^perilous,+ verb.communication:peril,+ ] danger, venture,@ (a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury; "he saw the rewards but not the risks of crime"; "there was a danger he would do the wrong thing") }
{ [ chance, adj.all:dangerous^chancy,+ verb.social:chance,+ ] risk,@ (a risk involving danger; "you take a chance when you let her drive") }
{ crapshoot1, risk,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u (a risky and uncertain venture; "getting admitted to the college of your choice has become a crapshoot") }
{ [ gamble, verb.social:gamble,+ ] risk,@ (a risky act or venture) }
{ long_shot, gamble,@ (a venture that involves great risk but promises great rewards) }
{ [ raise1, verb.competition:raise9,+ ] gamble,@ poker,;c (increasing the size of a bet (as in poker); "I'll see your raise and double it") }
{ [ doubling1, verb.change:double,+ ] [ double1, adj.all:multiple^double1,+ verb.possession:double3,+ ] raise1,@ card_game,#p (raising the stakes in a card game by a factor of 2; "I decided his double was a bluff") }
{ [ control, verb.emotion:control6,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of managing or exerting control over something; "the control of the mob by the police was admirable") }
{ crowd_control, control,@ (activity of controlling a crowd) }
{ damage_control, control,@ (an effort to minimize or curtail damage or loss) }
{ [ federalization, verb.change:federalize1,+ ] [ federalisation, verb.change:federalise1,+ ] control,@ (the act of being put under federal control) }
{ flight_control, control,@ (control from ground stations of airplanes in flight by means of messages transmitted to the pilot electronically) }
{ flood_control, control,@ noun.cognition:engineering,;c ((engineering) the art or technique of trying to control rivers with dams etc in order to minimize the occurrence of floods) }
{ [ imperialism, adj.pert:imperialistic,+ ] control,@ (any instance of aggressive extension of authority) }
{ [ regulation, verb.cognition:regulate,+ ] [ regulating, verb.social:regulate1,+ ] control,@ (the act of controlling or directing according to rule; "fiscal regulations are in the hands of politicians") }
{ [ deregulation, verb.social:deregulate,+ ] [ deregulating, verb.social:deregulate,+ ] liberation2,@ (the act of freeing from regulation (especially from governmental regulations)) }
{ [ devaluation1, verb.change:devaluate,+ verb.change:devalue1,+ verb.change:devalue,+ ] regulation,@ (an official lowering of a nation's currency; a decrease in the value of a country's currency relative to that of foreign countries) }
{ gun_control, regulation,@ (efforts to regulate or control sales of guns) }
{ [ indexation, verb.cognition:index,+ ] regulation,@ (a system of economic regulation: wages and interest are tied to the cost-of-living index in order to reduce the effects of inflation) }
{ internal_control, control,@ noun.cognition:accounting,;c (an accounting procedure or system designed to promote efficiency or assure the implementation of a policy or safeguard assets or avoid fraud and error etc.) }
{ management_control, internal_control,@ (an internal control performed by one or more managers) }
{ quality_control, internal_control,@ (maintenance of standards of quality of manufactured goods) }
{ acceptance_sampling, quality_control,@ noun.cognition:sample_distribution,@ (a statistical procedure for accepting or rejecting a batch of merchandise or documents; involves determining the maximum number of defects discovered in a sample before the entire batch is rejected) }
{ [ regulation1, verb.social:regulate1,+ ] regularization, [ regularisation, verb.change:regularise,+ ] control,@ (the act of bringing to uniformity; making regular) }
{ timing, regulation,@ (the regulation of occurrence, pace, or coordination to achieve a desired effect (as in music, theater, athletics, mechanics)) }
{ [ coordination, verb.social:coordinate1,+ verb.social:coordinate,+ verb.change:coordinate1,+ ] timing,@ (the regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation) }
{ [ synchronization, verb.change:synchronize,+ ] [ synchronisation, verb.change:synchronise,+ ] [ synchronizing, verb.change:synchronize,+ ] coordination,@ (coordinating by causing to indicate the same time; "the synchronization of their watches was an important preliminary") }
{ load-shedding, limitation,@ (cutting off the electric current on certain lines when the demand becomes greater than the supply) }
{ [ proration, verb.cognition:prorate1,+ verb.cognition:prorate,+ ] coordination,@ (the proportional limitation of production or distribution of something (e.g. crude oil or natural gas) to some fractional part of the total capacity of each producer) }
{ [ limitation, verb.change:limit1,+ verb.change:limit,+ ] [ restriction, verb.social:restrict,+ verb.change:restrict2,+ verb.change:restrict,+ ] regulation,@ (an act of limiting or restricting (as by regulation)) }
{ arms_control, limitation,@ (a limitation on the size and armament of the armed forces of a country) }
{ [ hold-down, verb.change:hold_down,+ ] limitation,@ (a limitation or constraint; "taxpayers want a hold-down on government spending") }
{ [ freeze2, verb.change:freeze3,+ ] restriction,@ (fixing (of prices or wages etc) at a particular level; "a freeze on hiring") }
{ [ clampdown, verb.change:clamp_down10,+ ] restriction,@ (sudden restriction on an activity) }
{ hire, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of hiring something or someone; "he signed up for a week's car hire") }
{ hiring_freeze, freeze2,@ (a freeze on hiring) }
{ price_freeze, freeze2,@ (a freeze of prices at a given level) }
{ wage_freeze, freeze2,@ (a freeze of wages at a given level) }
{ [ possession, verb.possession:possess,+ ] [ ownership, noun.person:owner2,+ noun.person:owner,+ ] control,@ (the act of having and controlling property) }
{ possession1, control,@ sport,;c ((sport) the act of controlling the ball (or puck); "they took possession of the ball on their own goal line") }
{ actual_possession, possession,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) immediate and direct physical control over property) }
{ constructive_possession, possession,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) having the power and intention to have and control property but without direct control or actual presence upon it) }
{ criminal_possession, possession,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) possession for which criminal sanctions are provided because the property may not lawfully be possessed or may not be possessed under certain circumstances) }
{ illegal_possession, criminal_possession,@ (possession of controlled substances) }
{ [ retention, verb.possession:retain,+ ] [ keeping2, verb.possession:keep,+ ] [ holding, verb.possession:hold2,+ ] possession,@ (the act of retaining something) }
{ [ withholding1, verb.possession:withhold,+ ] retention,@ (the act of holding back or keeping within your possession or control; "I resented his withholding permission"; "there were allegations of the withholding of evidence") }
{ power_trip, control,@ noun.communication:slang,;u ((slang) a self-aggrandizing action undertaken simply for the pleasure of exercising control over other people) }
{ defecation_reflex, rectal_reflex, reflex,@ (normal response to the presence of feces in the rectum) }
{ [ storage1, verb.possession:store2,+ verb.possession:store,+ ] retention,@ (the act of storing something) }
{ [ filing, verb.communication:file,+ ] storage1,@ (preservation and methodical arrangement as of documents and papers etc.; "I have some filing to do") }
{ storage, commercial_enterprise,@ (the commercial enterprise of storing goods and materials) }
{ cold_storage, storage,@ (refrigerated storage for preservation) }
{ [ stowage, verb.contact:stow1,+ ] [ stowing, verb.contact:stow1,+ ] storage,@ (the act of packing or storing away) }
{ [ tankage, verb.possession:tank,+ ] storage,@ (the act of storing in tanks) }
{ riot_control, riot_control_operation, control,@ (the measures taken to control a riot) }
{ [ grasping, adj.all:acquisitive^grasping,+ verb.contact:grasp,+ ] taking_hold, [ seizing, verb.contact:seize,+ ] [ prehension, verb.contact:prehend,+ ] control,@ (the act of gripping something firmly with the hands (or the tentacles)) }
{ [ clasp, verb.contact:clasp1,+ verb.contact:clasp,+ ] [ clench, verb.contact:clench1,+ ] [ clutch, verb.contact:clutch4,+ verb.contact:clutch,+ ] clutches, [ grasp, verb.contact:grasp,+ ] [ grip, verb.contact:grip3,+ verb.contact:grip,+ ] [ hold, verb.contact:hold,+ ] grasping,@ (the act of grasping; "he released his clasp on my arm"; "he has a strong grip for an old man"; "she kept a firm hold on the railing") }
{ wrestling_hold, clasp,@ wrestling,#p (a hold used in the sport of wrestling) }
{ bear_hug, wrestling_hold,@ (a wrestling hold with arms locked tightly around the opponent) }
{ nelson, wrestling_hold,@ (any of several wrestling holds in which an arm is passed under the opponent's arm from behind and the hand exerts pressure on the back of the neck) }
{ full_nelson, nelson,@ wrestling,;c (a wrestling hold in which the holder puts both arms under the opponent's arms and exerts pressure on the back of the neck (illegal in amateur wrestling)) }
{ half_nelson, nelson,@ (a wrestling hold in which the holder puts an arm under the opponent's arm and exerts pressure on the back of the neck) }
{ hammerlock, lock,@ (a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arm is twisted up behind his back) }
{ headlock, lock,@ (a wrestling hold in which the opponent's head is locked between the crook of your elbow and the side of your body) }
{ Japanese_stranglehold, wrestling_hold,@ (a wrestling hold in which the opponent's arms are crossed in front of his own neck to exert pressure on his windpipe) }
{ [ lock, verb.contact:lock3,+ verb.contact:lock4,+ ] wrestling_hold,@ (any wrestling hold in which some part of the opponent's body is twisted or pressured) }
{ scissors, scissors_hold, scissor_hold, scissor_grip, scissors_grip, wrestling_hold,@ (a wrestling hold in which you wrap your legs around the opponents body or head and put your feet together and squeeze) }
{ stranglehold, wrestling_hold,@ (a wrestling hold in which the arms are pressed against the opponent's windpipe) }
{ toehold, wrestling_hold,@ (a wrestling hold in which the toe is held and the leg is twisted against the joints) }
{ [ steering2, verb.motion:steer,+ ] [ steerage, verb.motion:steer,+ ] control,@ sailing1,#p (the act of steering a ship) }
{ [ steering, verb.social:steer,+ ] guidance, direction1, control,@ (the act of setting and holding a course; "a new council was installed under the direction of the king") }
{ [ aim, verb.competition:aim10,+ verb.competition:aim,+ ] steering,@ (the action of directing something at an object; "he took aim and fired") }
{ [ navigation, adj.pert:navigational,+ verb.motion:navigate,+ ] [ pilotage, verb.motion:pilot1,+ verb.motion:pilot,+ ] [ piloting, verb.motion:pilot1,+ verb.motion:pilot,+ ] guidance,@ (the guidance of ships or airplanes from place to place) }
{ instrument_flying, navigation,@ (navigation of an airplane solely by instruments) }
{ celestial_navigation, astronavigation, navigation,@ (navigating according to the positions of the stars) }
{ celestial_guidance, guidance,@ (a method of controlling the flight of a missile or spacecraft by reference to the positions of celestial bodies) }
{ inertial_guidance, inertial_navigation, guidance,@ (a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to inertial forces) }
{ command_guidance, guidance,@ (a method of controlling the flight of a missile by commands originating from the ground or from another missile) }
{ terrestrial_guidance, guidance,@ (a method of controlling the flight of a missile by devices that respond to the strength and direction of the earth's gravitational field) }
{ dead_reckoning, navigation,@ (navigation without the aid of celestial observations) }
{ fire_watching, civil_defense,@ noun.location:Britain,;r ((during World War II in Britain) watching for fires started by bombs that dropped from the sky) }
{ [ protection, verb.competition:protect,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of protecting someone or something; "the witnesses demanded police protection") }
{ air_cover, protection,@ noun.group:military,;c (the use of military aircraft to provide protection against attack by enemy aircraft during ground or naval operations) }
{ [ shielding, verb.competition:shield,+ ] protection,@ (the act of shielding from harm) }
{ [ guardianship, noun.person:guardian,+ ] [ keeping, verb.possession:keep1,+ ] safekeeping, duty,@ (the responsibility of a guardian or keeper; "he left his car in my keeping") }
{ hands, [ custody2, adj.all:protective^custodial,+ ] guardianship,@ ((with `in') guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child; "my fate is in your hands"; "too much power in the president's hands"; "your guests are now in my custody"; "the mother was awarded custody of the children") }
{ [ preservation, verb.stative:preserve1,+ verb.possession:preserve,+ ] saving1, protection,@ (the activity of protecting something from loss or danger) }
{ [ conservation, noun.person:conservationist,+ verb.possession:conserve2,+ ] preservation,@ (the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources) }
{ conservancy, conservation,@ (the official conservation of trees and soil and rivers etc.) }
{ soil_conservation, conservation,@ (protection of soil against erosion or deterioration) }
{ oil_conservation, conservation,@ (the conservation of petroleum resources) }
{ water_conservation, conservation,@ (the conservation of water resources) }
{ self-preservation, preservation,@ (preservation of yourself from harm; a natural or instinctive tendency) }
{ [ reservation, verb.possession:reserve3,+ ] preservation,@ (the act of keeping back or setting aside for some future occasion) }
{ Manhattan_Project, undertaking,@i (code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II) }
{ [ embalmment, verb.possession:embalm,+ ] noun.process:preservation,@ (preservation (of a dead body) by treating with balsams and drugs and other chemicals) }
{ [ mummification, verb.possession:mummify,+ ] embalmment,@ (embalmment and drying a dead body and wrapping it as a mummy) }
{ momism, [ overprotection, verb.competition:overprotect,+ ] overshielding, protection,@ (excessive protection) }
{ security_intelligence, counterintelligence,@ (intelligence on the identity and capability and intentions of hostile individuals or organizations that may be engaged in espionage or sabotage or subversion or terrorism) }
{ censoring1, censorship1, security_review, counterintelligence,@ (counterintelligence achieved by banning or deleting any information of value to the enemy) }
{ military_censorship, censoring1,@ noun.group:military,;c (all types of censorship conducted by personnel of the armed forces) }
{ civil_censorship, military_censorship,@ (military censorship of civilian communications (correspondence or printed matter of films) entering or leaving of circulating within territories controlled by armed forces) }
{ field_press_censorship, military_censorship,@ (security review of news (including all information or material intended for dissemination to the public) subject to the jurisdiction of the armed forces) }
{ prisoner_of_war_censorship, military_censorship,@ (military censorship of communication to and from prisoners of war and civilian internees held by the armed forces) }
{ armed_forces_censorship, military_censorship,@ (military censorship of personal communications to or from persons in the armed forces) }
{ primary_censorship, armed_forces_censorship,@ (armed forces censorship performed by personnel of a military unit on the personal communications of persons assigned to that unit) }
{ secondary_censorship, armed_forces_censorship,@ (armed forces censorship of the personal communications of officers or civilian employees or enlisted personnel not subject to primary censorship) }
{ national_censorship, censoring1,@ (censorship under civil authority of communications entering or leaving or crossing the borders of the United States or its territories or possessions) }
{ [ precaution, adj.all:preventive^precautionary,+ ] [ safeguard, verb.competition:safeguard,+ ] guard3, measure1,@ (a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.; "he put an ice pack on the injury as a precaution"; "an insurance policy is a good safeguard"; "we let our guard down") }
{ security, security_measures, precaution,@ (measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc.; "military security has been stepped up since the recent uprising") }
{ defense1, defence1, protection,@ (the act of defending someone or something against attack or injury; "a good boxer needs a good defense"; "defense against hurricanes is an urgent problem") }
{ defense3, defence3, protection,@ (protection from harm; "sanitation is the best defense against disease") }
{ [ inoculation, verb.body:inoculate,+ ] [ vaccination, verb.body:vaccinate,+ ] immunization,@ (taking a vaccine as a precaution against contracting a disease) }
{ [ inoculating, verb.body:inoculate,+ ] [ vaccinating, verb.body:vaccinate,+ ] protection,@ (the act of protecting against disease by introducing a vaccine into the body to induce immunity; "doctors examined the recruits but nurses did the inoculating") }
{ ring_vaccination, inoculating,@ (administering vaccine only to people in close contact with an isolated infected patient; prevents the spread of a highly infectious disease by surrounding the patient with a ring of immunization) }
{ variolation, variolization, inoculating,@ (the obsolete process of inoculating a susceptible person with material taken from a vesicle of a person who has smallpox) }
{ [ patrol, verb.social:patrol,+ ] protection,@ (the activity of going around or through an area at regular intervals for security purposes) }
{ airborne_patrol, patrol,@ (a patrol provided by aircraft) }
{ round-the-clock_patrol, patrol,@ (a continuous nonstop patrol) }
{ self-defense, self-defence, self-protection, protection,@ (the act of defending yourself) }
{ aikido, martial_art,@ (a Japanese martial art employing principles similar to judo) }
{ martial_art, self-defense,@ (any of several Oriental arts of weaponless self-defense; usually practiced as a sport; "he had a black belt in the martial arts") }
{ judo, martial_art,@ sport,@ (a sport adapted from jujitsu (using principles of not resisting) and similar to wrestling; developed in Japan) }
{ jujutsu, jujitsu, jiujitsu, martial_art,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (a method of self-defense without weapons that was developed in China and Japan; holds and blows are supplemented by clever use of the attacker's own weight and strength) }
{ ninjutsu, ninjitsu, martial_art,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (the traditional Japanese method of espionage; involves stealthy movements and the use of camouflage) }
{ karate, martial_art,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (a traditional Japanese system of unarmed combat; sharp blows and kicks are given to pressure-sensitive points on the body of the opponent) }
{ kung_fu, martial_art,@ (a Chinese martial art) }
{ tae_kwon_do, taekwondo, martial_art,@ (a Korean martial art similar to karate) }
{ t'ai_chi, tai_chi, t'ai_chi_chuan, tai_chi_chuan, taichi, taichichuan, martial_art,@ (a Chinese system of slow meditative physical exercise designed for relaxation and balance and health) }
{ [ insulation, verb.change:insulate1,+ ] protection,@ (the act of protecting something by surrounding it with material that reduces or prevents the transmission of sound or heat or electricity) }
{ [ lining, verb.contact:line,+ ] insulation,@ (the act of attaching an inside lining (to a garment or curtain etc.)) }
{ lining1, [ facing1, verb.contact:face1,+ ] application3,@ (providing something with a surface of a different material) }
{ babbitting, lining1,@ (lining a surface or bearing with Babbitt metal) }
{ locking, [ lockup, verb.contact:lock_up,+ verb.contact:lock_up1,+ ] protection,@ (the act of locking something up to protect it) }
{ escort, [ accompaniment, verb.stative:accompany1,+ verb.motion:accompany,+ ] protection,@ (the act of accompanying someone or something in order to protect them) }
{ [ convoy, verb.motion:convoy,+ ] escort,@ (the act of escorting while in transit) }
{ [ covering, verb.perception:cover14,+ verb.body:cover15,+ ] protection,@ (the act of protecting something by covering it) }
{ [ dressing, verb.body:dress1,+ verb.body:dress,+ ] [ grooming, verb.body:groom,+ ] covering,@ (the activity of getting dressed; putting on clothes) }
{ investment1, dressing,@ (the act of putting on robes or vestments) }
{ [ primping, verb.body:primp,+ ] dressing,@ (careful or finicky grooming; "the primping alone took more than an hour") }
{ toilet, toilette, dressing,@ (the act of dressing and preparing yourself; "he made his morning toilet and went to breakfast") }
{ [ dressing2, verb.change:dress8,+ ] conversion,@ (processes in the conversion of rough hides into leather) }
{ [ immunization, verb.body:immunize,+ ] immunisation, protection,@ (the act of making immune (especially by inoculation)) }
{ sensitizing, sensitising, [ sensitization, verb.change:sensitize2,+ ] [ sensitisation, verb.change:sensitise2,+ ] immunization,@ (rendering an organism sensitive to a serum by a series of injections) }
{ [ care2, verb.social:care11,+ ] [ charge, verb.social:charge,+ ] [ tutelage1, verb.social:tutor,+ ] [ guardianship1, noun.person:guardian,+ ] protection,@ (attention and management implying responsibility for safety; "he is in the care of a bodyguard") }
{ [ ruggedization, verb.change:ruggedize,+ ] [ ruggedisation, verb.change:ruggedise,+ ] protection,@ (the act of making a piece of equipment rugged (strengthening to resist wear or abuse)) }
{ umbrella, defense,@ noun.group:military,;c (a formation of military planes maintained over ground operations or targets; "an air umbrella over England") }
{ [ waterproofing, verb.contact:waterproof,+ ] [ sealing, verb.contact:seal4,+ ] protection,@ (the act of treating something to make it repel water) }
{ [ wear, verb.body:wear4,+ ] [ wearing, verb.body:wear4,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of having on your person as a covering or adornment; "she bought it for everyday wear") }
{ [ control2, verb.contact:control,+ ] noun.process:bodily_process,@ noun.cognition:physiology,;c ((physiology) regulation or maintenance of a function or action or reflex etc; "the timing and control of his movements were unimpaired"; "he had lost control of his sphincters") }
{ motor_control, control2,@ (control of muscles) }
{ [ respiration, verb.body:respire1,+ ] internal_respiration, cellular_respiration, noun.process:metabolism,@ (the metabolic processes whereby certain organisms obtain energy from organic molecules; processes that take place in the cells and tissues during which energy is released and carbon dioxide is produced and absorbed by the blood to be transported to the lungs) }
{ [ breathing, verb.communication:breathe,+ verb.body:breathe,+ ] external_respiration, [ respiration1, verb.body:respire1,+ verb.body:respire,+ ] ventilation1, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (the bodily process of inhalation and exhalation; the process of taking in oxygen from inhaled air and releasing carbon dioxide by exhalation) }
{ respiration2, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (a single complete act of breathing in and out; "thirty respirations per minute") }
{ artificial_respiration, emergency_procedure,@ breathing,@ cardiopulmonary_resuscitation,#p (an emergency procedure whereby breathing is maintained artificially) }
{ cardiography, electrocardiography, diagnostic_procedure,@ (diagnostic procedure consisting of recording the activity of the heart electronically with a cardiograph (and producing a cardiogram)) }
{ echocardiography, diagnostic_procedure,@ (a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study to structure and motions of the heart) }
{ echoencephalography, diagnostic_procedure,@ (a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound to study the anatomy of the brain) }
{ cardiopulmonary_resuscitation, CPR, cardiac_resuscitation, mouth-to-mouth_resuscitation, kiss_of_life, resuscitation,@ emergency_procedure,@ (an emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac massage and artificial respiration; the first treatment for a person who has collapsed and has no pulse and has stopped breathing; attempts to restore circulation of the blood and prevent death or brain damage due to lack of oxygen) }
{ Heimlich_maneuver, Heimlich_manoeuvere, emergency_procedure,@ (an emergency procedure to help someone who is choking because food is lodged in the trachea) }
{ abdominal_breathing, breathing,@ (breathing in which most of the respiratory effort is done by the abdominal muscles; "abdominal breathing is practiced by singers") }
{ eupnea, eupnoea, breathing,@ (normal relaxed breathing) }
{ [ hyperpnea, hypopnea,! ] breathing,@ (energetic (deep and rapid) respiration that occurs normally after exercise or abnormally with fever or various disorders) }
{ [ hypopnea, hyperpnea,! ] breathing,@ (slow or shallow breathing) }
{ [ hyperventilation, verb.body:hyperventilate1,+ verb.body:hyperventilate,+ ] breathing,@ (an increased depth and rate of breathing greater than demanded by the body needs; can cause dizziness and tingling of the fingers and toes and chest pain if continued) }
{ [ panting, verb.communication:pant,+ verb.body:pant,+ ] [ heaving2, verb.body:heave1,+ ] breathing,@ (breathing heavily (as after exertion)) }
{ periodic_breathing, Cheyne-Stokes_respiration, breathing,@ (abnormal respiration in which periods of shallow and deep breathing alternate) }
{ [ puffing1, verb.body:puff1,+ verb.body:puff,+ ] [ huffing, verb.body:huff,+ ] [ snorting, verb.body:snort,+ ] exhalation,@ (an act of forcible exhalation) }
{ [ smoke, verb.consumption:smoke,+ ] [ smoking, verb.consumption:smoke,+ ] breathing,@ (the act of smoking tobacco or other substances; "he went outside for a smoke"; "smoking stinks") }
{ [ puffing2, verb.consumption:puff1,+ ] smoke,@ (blowing tobacco smoke out into the air; "they smoked up the room with their ceaseless puffing") }
{ breath, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing; "he took a deep breath and dived into the pool"; "he was fighting to his last breath") }
{ [ exhalation, verb.body:exhale,+ ] [ expiration, verb.body:expire,+ ] breathing_out, breath,@ breathing,#p (the act of expelling air from the lungs) }
{ [ blow2, verb.perception:blow1,+ verb.motion:blow12,+ verb.change:blow8,+ verb.body:blow1,+ verb.body:blow,+ ] [ puff1, verb.body:puff1,+ verb.body:puff,+ ] exhalation,@ (forceful exhalation through the nose or mouth; "he gave his nose a loud blow"; "he blew out all the candles with a single puff") }
{ [ insufflation, verb.possession:insufflate,+ verb.body:insufflate,+ ] blow2,@ (an act of blowing or breathing on or into something) }
{ [ snore, verb.body:snore,+ ] [ snoring, verb.body:snore,+ ] [ stertor, adj.all:noisy^stertorous,+ ] breathing,@ (the act of snoring or producing a snoring sound) }
{ [ snuffle, adj.all:tearful^snuffly,+ verb.body:snuffle1,+ verb.body:snuffle,+ ] [ sniffle, adj.all:tearful^sniffly,+ verb.body:sniffle,+ ] [ snivel1, verb.body:snivel,+ ] breathing,@ (the act of breathing heavily through the nose (as when the nose is congested)) }
{ [ wheeze, adj.all:unhealthy^wheezy,+ verb.body:wheeze,+ ] breathing,@ (breathing with a husky or whistling sound) }
{ wind1, exhalation,@ (breath; "the collision knocked the wind out of him") }
{ second_wind, breathing,@ (the return of relatively easy breathing after initial exhaustion during continuous exertion) }
{ [ inhalation, verb.consumption:inhale,+ verb.body:inhale,+ ] [ inspiration, verb.body:inspire,+ ] [ aspiration, verb.body:aspirate,+ ] intake1, breathing_in, breath,@ breathing,#p (the act of inhaling; the drawing in of air (or other gases) as in breathing) }
{ [ gasp, verb.body:gasp,+ ] [ pant, verb.communication:pant,+ verb.body:pant,+ ] inhalation,@ (a short labored intake of breath with the mouth open; "she gave a gasp and fainted") }
{ [ yawn, verb.body:yawn,+ ] [ yawning, verb.body:yawn,+ ] oscitance, [ oscitancy, adj.all:inattentive^oscitant,+ ] reflex,@ (an involuntary intake of breath through a wide open mouth; usually triggered by fatigue or boredom; "he could not suppress a yawn"; "the yawning in the audience told him it was time to stop"; "he apologized for his oscitancy") }
{ [ puff, verb.consumption:puff,+ verb.consumption:puff1,+ ] [ drag2, verb.consumption:drag,+ ] pull1, inhalation,@ smoking,#p (a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke); "he took a puff on his pipe"; "he took a drag on his cigarette and expelled the smoke slowly") }
{ toke, puff,@ (a puff of a marijuana or hashish cigarette; "the boys took a few tokes on a joint") }
{ [ consumption1, verb.consumption:consume,+ ] [ ingestion, verb.consumption:ingest,+ ] intake, uptake, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)) }
{ [ eating, verb.consumption:eat2,+ verb.consumption:eat1,+ verb.consumption:eat,+ ] [ feeding, verb.consumption:feed,+ ] consumption1,@ (the act of consuming food) }
{ [ bite, verb.contact:bite,+ ] [ chomp, verb.consumption:chomp,+ ] eating,@ (the act of gripping or chewing off with the teeth and jaws) }
{ [ browse, verb.contact:browse1,+ verb.consumption:browse,+ ] browsing, eating,@ (the act of feeding by continual nibbling) }
{ coprophagy, coprophagia, eating,@ (eating feces; in human a symptom of some kinds of insanity) }
{ electric_shock, electrical_shock, [ shock, verb.body:shock1,+ ] reflex,@ (a reflex response to the passage of electric current through the body; "subjects received a small electric shock when they made the wrong response"; "electricians get accustomed to occasional shocks") }
{ [ fart, verb.body:fart,+ ] [ farting, verb.body:fart,+ ] flatus, wind2, breaking_wind, reflex,@ (a reflex that expels intestinal gas through the anus) }
{ [ swallow, verb.consumption:swallow,+ ] [ drink1, verb.consumption:drink,+ ] deglutition, consumption1,@ (the act of swallowing; "one swallow of the liquid was enough"; "he took a drink of his beer and smacked his lips") }
{ aerophagia, swallow,@ (swallowing air (usually followed by belching and discomfort and flatulence)) }
{ [ gulp, verb.consumption:gulp1,+ ] draft2, draught1, [ swig, verb.consumption:swig,+ ] swallow,@ (a large and hurried swallow; "he finished it at a single gulp") }
{ [ gulp1, verb.consumption:gulp1,+ ] [ gulping1, verb.communication:gulp,+ ] reflex,@ (a spasmodic reflex of the throat made as if in swallowing) }
{ [ dining, verb.consumption:dine1,+ ] eating,@ (the act of eating dinner) }
{ [ engorgement, verb.consumption:engorge,+ ] eating,@ (eating ravenously or voraciously to satiation) }
{ [ feasting, verb.consumption:feast,+ ] banqueting, eating,@ (eating an elaborate meal (often accompanied by entertainment)) }
{ geophagy, geophagia, noun.state:pica,@ (eating earth, clay, chalk; occurs in some primitive tribes, sometimes in cases of nutritional deficiency or obsessive behavior) }
{ [ graze, verb.contact:graze10,+ verb.contact:graze2,+ verb.contact:graze1,+ verb.contact:graze,+ verb.consumption:graze2,+ ] [ grazing1, verb.contact:graze10,+ verb.contact:graze1,+ ] eating,@ (the act of grazing) }
{ [ lunching, verb.consumption:lunch,+ ] eating,@ (the act of eating lunch) }
{ [ munch, verb.consumption:munch,+ ] bite,@ (a large bite; "he tried to talk between munches on the sandwich") }
{ Dutch_treat, dining,@ (a dinner where each person pays for his own) }
{ [ repletion, verb.consumption:replete,+ ] [ surfeit, verb.possession:surfeit,+ verb.consumption:surfeit,+ ] eating,@ (eating until excessively full) }
{ [ supping, verb.consumption:sup2,+ ] eating,@ (ingestion of liquid food with a spoon or by drinking) }
{ [ tasting2, verb.consumption:taste,+ ] [ savoring, verb.perception:savor,+ ] [ savouring, verb.perception:savour,+ ] relishing, [ degustation, verb.consumption:degust,+ ] eating,@ (taking a small amount into the mouth to test its quality; "cooking was fine but it was the savoring that he enjoyed most") }
{ [ nibble, verb.contact:nibble2,+ ] bite,@ (gentle biting) }
{ [ nip1, verb.contact:nip2,+ ] [ pinch3, verb.change:pinch,+ ] bite,@ clip,@ (a small sharp bite or snip) }
{ necrophagia, necrophagy, eating,@ (feeding on corpses or carrion) }
{ omophagia, eating,@ (the eating of raw food) }
{ scatophagy, eating,@ (the eating of excrement or other filth) }
{ [ sucking, verb.consumption:suck4,+ ] [ suck, verb.consumption:suck2,+ verb.contact:suck,+ verb.weather:suck,+ verb.motion:suck,+ verb.consumption:suck4,+ ] [ suction, adj.pert:suctorial,+ verb.motion:suction,+ verb.body:suction,+ verb.weather:suck,+ verb.motion:suck,+ verb.consumption:suck4,+ ] consumption1,@ (the act of sucking) }
{ suckling, [ lactation, verb.consumption:lactate,+ ] feeding1,@ (feeding an infant by giving suck at the breast) }
{ [ drinking, verb.consumption:drink,+ ] [ imbibing, verb.consumption:imbibe,+ ] [ imbibition, verb.consumption:imbibe,+ ] consumption1,@ (the act of consuming liquids) }
{ [ gulping, verb.consumption:gulp1,+ ] [ swilling, verb.consumption:swill,+ ] [ guzzling, verb.consumption:guzzle,+ ] drinking,@ (the drinking of large mouthfuls rapidly) }
{ [ sip1, verb.consumption:sip,+ ] swallow,@ (a small drink) }
{ potation, drinking,@ (the act of drinking (especially an alcoholic drink)) }
{ bondage, sexual_activity,@ (sexual practice that involves physically restraining (by cords or handcuffs) one of the partners) }
{ outercourse, sexual_activity,@ (sexual stimulation without vaginal penetration; "since pregnancy cannot happen if sperm are kept out of the vagina, outercourse is one method of birth control") }
{ safe_sex, sexual_activity,@ (sexual activity (especially sexual intercourse) with the use of measures (such as latex condoms) to avoid the transmission of disease (especially AIDS)) }
{ sexual_activity, sexual_practice, [ sex, adj.all:sexual,+ verb.emotion:sex,+ ] sex_activity, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (activities associated with sexual intercourse; "they had sex in the back seat") }
{ [ conception1, verb.body:conceive,+ ] sexual_activity,@ (the act of becoming pregnant; fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon) }
{ [ defloration, verb.contact:deflower,+ ] sexual_intercourse,@ (the act of depriving a woman of her virginity (especially by rupturing the hymen through sexual intercourse)) }
{ [ insemination, verb.body:inseminate,+ ] noun.process:bodily_process,@ sexual_intercourse,#p (the introduction of semen into the genital tract of a female) }
{ artificial_insemination, AI, insemination,@ (the introduction of semen into the oviduct or uterus by some means other than sexual intercourse) }
{ sexual_intercourse, intercourse2, sex_act, [ copulation, verb.contact:copulate,+ ] [ coitus, adj.pert:coital,+ ] coition, sexual_congress, sexual_relation, relation1, carnal_knowledge, sexual_activity,@ (sexual activity between individuals, especially the insertion of a man's penis into a woman's vagina until orgasm and ejaculation occur) }
{ [ fuck, verb.contact:fuck,+ ] [ fucking, verb.contact:fuck,+ ] [ screw, verb.contact:screw4,+ ] [ screwing, verb.contact:screw4,+ ] ass, nooky, nookie, piece_of_ass, piece_of_tail, roll_in_the_hay, shag1, shtup, sexual_intercourse,@ noun.communication:obscenity,;u noun.communication:slang,;u (slang for sexual intercourse) }
{ pleasure1, sexual_activity,@ (sexual gratification; "he took his pleasure of her") }
{ hank_panky, sexual_intercourse,@ (illicit sexual intercourse) }
{ sexual_love, lovemaking, making_love, [ love, verb.contact:love,+ ] love_life, sexual_activity,@ (sexual activities (often including sexual intercourse) between two people; "his lovemaking disgusted her"; "he hadn't had any love in months"; "he has a very complicated love life") }
{ [ penetration3, verb.contact:penetrate4,+ ] sexual_intercourse,@ (the act (by a man) of inserting his penis into the vagina of a woman) }
{ statutory_rape, carnal_abuse, rape,@ (sexual intercourse with a person (girl or boy) who has not reached the age of consent (even if both parties participate willingly)) }
{ carnal_abuse1, sexual_activity,@ (any lascivious contact by an adult with the sexual organs of a child (especially not involving sexual intercourse)) }
{ [ coupling, verb.contact:couple,+ ] [ mating, verb.contact:mate,+ ] [ pairing, verb.contact:pair,+ ] [ conjugation, verb.change:conjugate4,+ ] union2, sexual_union, sexual_activity,@ (the act of pairing a male and female for reproductive purposes; "the casual couplings of adolescents"; "the mating of some species occurs only in the spring") }
{ [ assortative_mating, disassortative_mating,!] coupling,@ (mating of individuals having more traits in common than likely in random mating) }
{ [ disassortative_mating, assortative_mating,!] coupling,@ (mating of individuals having traits more dissimilar than likely in random mating) }
{ unlawful_carnal_knowledge, criminal_congress, sexual_intercourse,@ (forbidden or tabu sexual intercourse between individuals) }
{ extramarital_sex, free_love, unlawful_carnal_knowledge,@ (sexual intercourse between individuals who are not married to one another) }
{ [ adultery, adj.all:unfaithful1^adulterous,+ adj.all:illicit^adulterous,+ noun.person:adulterer,+ ] criminal_conversation, fornication1, extramarital_sex,@ (extramarital sex that willfully and maliciously interferes with marriage relations; "adultery is often cited as grounds for divorce") }
{ [ fornication, verb.contact:fornicate,+ ] extramarital_sex,@ (voluntary sexual intercourse between persons not married to each other) }
{ [ incest, adj.pert:incestuous,+ ] unlawful_carnal_knowledge,@ (sexual intercourse between persons too closely related to marry (as between a parent and a child)) }
{ coitus_interruptus, withdrawal_method, withdrawal4, pulling_out, onanism1, birth_control,@ (a method of birth control in which coitus is initiated but the penis is deliberately withdrawn before ejaculation) }
{ [ sodomy, noun.person:sodomist,+ verb.social:sodomize,+ verb.social:sodomise,+ ] [ buggery, verb.social:bugger,+ ] anal_sex, anal_intercourse, perversion1,@ (intercourse via the anus, committed by a man with a man or woman) }
{ [ reproduction, verb.body:reproduce,+ ] [ procreation, verb.body:procreate,+ ] [ breeding, verb.body:breed,+ ] facts_of_life, sexual_activity,@ (the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring) }
{ [ miscegenation, verb.stative:miscegenate,+ ] crossbreeding1, [ interbreeding1, verb.contact:interbreed,+ ] reproduction,@ (reproduction by parents of different races (especially by white and non-white persons)) }
{ [ generation, verb.body:generate,+ ] [ multiplication1, verb.body:multiply1,+ verb.body:multiply,+ ] [ propagation, verb.possession:propagate,+ verb.body:propagate1,+ verb.body:propagate,+ ] reproduction,@ (the act of producing offspring or multiplying by such production) }
{ [ biogenesis, adj.pert:biogenetic,+ adj.pert:biogenous,+ ] biogeny, generation,@ (the production of living organisms from other living organisms) }
{ [ hybridization, verb.contact:hybridize,+ ] [ hybridisation, verb.contact:hybridise,+ ] crossbreeding, [ crossing2, verb.contact:cross,+ ] [ cross, verb.contact:cross,+ ] [ interbreeding, verb.contact:interbreed,+ ] [ hybridizing, verb.contact:hybridize,+ ] coupling,@ noun.cognition:genetics,;c ((genetics) the act of mixing different species or varieties of animals or plants and thus to produce hybrids) }
{ dihybrid_cross, hybridization,@ (hybridization using two traits with two alleles each) }
{ monohybrid_cross, hybridization,@ (hybridization using a single trait with two alleles (as in Mendel's experiments with garden peas)) }
{ reciprocal_cross, reciprocal, hybridization,@ (hybridization involving a pair of crosses that reverse the sexes associated with each genotype) }
{ testcross, test-cross, hybridization,@ (a cross between an organism whose genotype for a certain trait is unknown and an organism that is homozygous recessive for that trait so the unknown genotype can be determined from that of the offspring) }
{ inbreeding, coupling,@ (the act of mating closely related individuals) }
{ natural_family_planning, birth_control,@ (any of several methods of family planning that do not involve sterilization or contraceptive devices or drugs; coitus is avoided during the fertile time of a woman's menstrual cycle) }
{ birth_control, birth_prevention, family_planning, planning,@ (limiting the number of children born) }
{ contraception, contraceptive_method, birth_control,@ (birth control by the use of devices (diaphragm or intrauterine device or condom) or drugs or surgery) }
{ oral_contraception, contraception,@ (contraception achieved by taking oral contraceptive pills) }
{ basal_body_temperature_method_of_family_planning, basal_body_temperature_method, natural_family_planning,@ (natural family planning in which the fertile period of the woman's menstrual cycle is inferred by noting the rise in basal body temperature that typically occurs with ovulation) }
{ ovulation_method_of_family_planning, ovulation_method, natural_family_planning,@ (natural family planning in which the fertile period is inferred from changes in the character and quantity of cervical mucus; ovulation is marked by an increase in mucus that becomes sticky and then clearer and slippery) }
{ rhythm_method_of_birth_control, rhythm_method, rhythm, calendar_method_of_birth_control, calendar_method, natural_family_planning,@ (natural family planning in which ovulation is assumed to occur 14 days before the onset of a period (the fertile period would be assumed to extend from day 10 through day 18 of her cycle)) }
{ surgical_contraception, sterilization,@ contraception,@ (contraception by surgical sterilization) }
{ [ servicing, verb.contact:service,+ ] [ service3, verb.contact:service,+ ] coupling,@ (the act of mating by male animals; "the bull was worth good money in servicing fees") }
{ foreplay, arousal1, stimulation1, sexual_activity,@ (mutual sexual fondling prior to sexual intercourse) }
{ caressing, [ cuddling, verb.contact:cuddle1,+ verb.contact:cuddle,+ ] [ fondling, verb.contact:fondle,+ ] [ hugging, verb.contact:hug1,+ ] [ kissing, verb.contact:kiss,+ ] [ necking, verb.contact:neck,+ ] [ petting, verb.contact:pet1,+ ] [ smooching, verb.contact:smooch,+ ] [ snuggling, verb.contact:snuggle,+ ] foreplay,@ (affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)) }
{ [ snogging, verb.contact:snog,+ ] cuddling,@ noun.location:Britain,;r noun.communication:colloquialism,;u ((British informal) cuddle and kiss)}
{ [ feel, verb.contact:feel11,+ ] foreplay,@ (manual stimulation of the genital area for sexual pleasure; "the girls hated it when he tried to sneak a feel") }
{ perversion1, sexual_perversion, sexual_activity,@ (an aberrant sexual practice) }
{ oral_sex, head, perversion1,@ (oral stimulation of the genitals; "they say he gives good head") }
{ cunnilingus, cunnilinctus, oral_sex,@ (oral stimulation of the vulva or clitoris) }
{ fellatio, [ fellation, verb.perception:fellate,+ ] oral_sex,@ (oral stimulation of the penis) }
{ cock_sucking, blowjob, fellatio,@ noun.communication:slang,;u (slang for fellatio) }
{ soixante-neuf, sixty-nine, oral_sex,@ (oral sex practiced simultaneously by two people) }
{ [ autoeroticism, adj.all:sexy^autoerotic,+ ] autoerotism, sexual_activity,@ (using you own body as a sexual object) }
{ [ masturbation, verb.contact:masturbate,+ verb.contact:masturbate1,+ ] [ onanism, noun.person:onanist,+ ] autoeroticism,@ (manual stimulation of the genital organs (of yourself or another) for sexual pleasure) }
{ self-stimulation, self-abuse, masturbation,@ (manual stimulation of your own genital organ for sexual pleasure) }
{ frottage, masturbation,@ (masturbation by rubbing against another person (as in a crowd)) }
{ jacking_off, jerking_off, hand_job, [ wank, verb.contact:wank,+ ] masturbation,@ noun.communication:slang,;u (slang for masturbation) }
{ [ promiscuity, adj.all:unchaste^promiscuous,+ ] [ promiscuousness, adj.all:unchaste^promiscuous,+ ] sleeping_around, sexual_activity,@ (indulging in promiscuous (casual and indiscriminate) sexual relations) }
{ one-night_stand1, promiscuity,@ (a brief sexual encounter lasting only for a single night; "he ran through a series of loveless one-night stands") }
{ [ lechery, adj.all:sexy^lecherous,+ ] sexual_activity,@ (unrestrained indulgence in sexual activity) }
{ [ homosexuality, adj.all:homosexual,+ ] homosexualism, [ homoeroticism, adj.all:homosexual^homoerotic,+ ] [ queerness, adj.all:homosexual^queer,+ ] [ gayness, adj.all:homosexual^gay,+ ] sexual_activity,@ (a sexual attraction to (or sexual relations with) persons of the same sex) }
{ [ bisexuality, adj.all:bisexual,+ ] sexual_activity,@ (sexual activity with both men and women) }
{ inversion2, sexual_inversion, homosexuality,@ (a term formerly used to mean taking on the gender role of the opposite sex) }
{ lesbianism, sapphism, homosexuality,@ (female homosexuality) }
{ [ tribadism, adj.all:tribadistic,+ ] lesbianism,@ (a form of lesbianism that simulates heterosexual intercourse) }
{ [ heterosexuality, adj.all:heterosexual,+ ] heterosexualism, [ straightness, adj.all:heterosexual^straight,+ ] sexual_activity,@ (a sexual attraction to (or sexual relations with) persons of the opposite sex) }
{ pederasty, paederasty, homosexuality,@ paraphilia,@ (sexual relations between a man and a boy (usually anal intercourse with the boy as a passive partner)) }
{ bestiality, zooerastia, zooerasty, sodomy1, sexual_activity,@ (sexual activity between a person and an animal) }

{ sleeping, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (the suspension of consciousness and decrease in metabolic rate) }
{ [ nap, verb.body:nap,+ ] [ catnap, verb.body:catnap,+ ] light_sleep, short_sleep, [ forty_winks, noun.communication:colloquialism,;u ] [ snooze, verb.body:snooze,+ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u ] sleeping,@ (sleeping for a short period of time (usually not in bed)) }
{ siesta, nap,@ (a nap in the early afternoon (especially in hot countries)) }
{ zizz, nap,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a nap; "Arthur's taking a short zizz") }
{ [ doze, verb.body:doze,+ ] [ drowse, adj.all:asleep^drowsy,+ verb.body:drowse,+ verb.body:drowse1,+ ] sleeping,@ (a light fitful sleep) }
{ [ reaction, verb.cognition:react,+ ] response1, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent; "a bad reaction to the medicine"; "his responses have slowed with age") }
{ automatism, reaction,@ (any reaction that occurs automatically without conscious thought or reflection (especially the undirected behavior seen in psychomotor epilepsy)) }
{ [ rebound1, verb.change:rebound,+ ] reaction,@ (a reaction to a crisis or setback or frustration; "he is still on the rebound from his wife's death") }
{ [ overreaction, verb.cognition:overreact,+ ] reaction,@ (an excessive reaction; a reaction with inappropriate emotional behavior) }
{ galvanic_skin_response, GSR, psychogalvanic_response, electrodermal_response, electrical_skin_response, Fere_phenomenon, Tarchanoff_phenomenon, reaction,@ noun.artifact:lie_detector,#p (a change in the electrical properties of the skin in response to stress or anxiety; can be measured either by recording the electrical resistance of the skin or by recording weak currents generated by the body) }
{ immune_response, immune_reaction, immunologic_response, reaction,@ noun.plant:fungus,;c noun.animal:bacteria,;c (a bodily defense reaction that recognizes an invading substance (an antigen: such as a virus or fungus or bacteria or transplanted organ) and produces antibodies specific against that antigen) }
{ anamnestic_response, anamnestic_reaction, immune_reaction,@ (renewed rapid production of an antibody on the second (or subsequent) encounter with the same antigen) }
{ humoral_immune_response, immune_response,@ (an immune response (chiefly against bacterial invasion) that is mediated by B cells) }
{ cell-mediated_immune_response, immune_response,@ (an immune response (chiefly against viral or fungal invasions or transplanted tissue) that involves T cells) }
{ complement_fixation, immune_response,@ (an immune response in which an antigen-antibody combination inactivates a complement (so it is unavailable to participate in a second antigen-antibody combination)) }
{ tropism, reaction,@ (an involuntary orienting response; positive or negative reaction to a stimulus source) }
{ [ ergotropism, adj.pert:ergotropic,+ ] tropism,@ (an affinity for work) }
{ geotropism, tropism,@ (an orienting response to gravity) }
{ heliotropism, tropism,@ (an orienting response to the sun) }
{ meteortropism, tropism,@ (an effect of climate on biological processes (as the effect on joint pains etc.)) }
{ neurotropism, tropism,@ (an affinity for neural tissues) }
{ phototropism, tropism,@ (an orienting response to light) }
{ [ trophotropism, adj.pert:trophotropic,+ ] tropism,@ (an orienting response to food) }
{ thermotropism, tropism,@ (an orienting response to warmth) }
{ taxis, reaction,@ (a locomotor response toward or away from an external stimulus by a motile (and usually simple) organism) }
{ chemotaxis, taxis,@ (movement by a cell or organism in reaction to a chemical stimulus) }
{ negative_chemotaxis, chemotaxis,@ (movement away from a chemical stimulus) }
{ positive_chemotaxis, chemotaxis,@ (movement toward a chemical stimulus) }
{ [ kinesis, adj.all:moving2^kinetic,+ adj.pert:kinetic,+ ] reaction,@ (a movement that is a response to a stimulus but is not oriented with respect to the source of stimulation) }
{ double_take, reaction,@ (a delayed reaction indicating surprise) }
{ [ reflex, adj.all:involuntary2^reflex,+ ] reflex_response, reflex_action, instinctive_reflex, innate_reflex, inborn_reflex, unconditioned_reflex, physiological_reaction, reaction,@ (an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus) }
{ conditional_reflex, conditioned_reflex, acquired_reflex, conditional_reaction, conditioned_reaction, conditional_response, conditioned_response, learned_reaction,@ (an acquired response that is under the control of (conditional on the occurrence of) a stimulus) }
{ learned_reaction, learned_response, reaction,@ (a reaction that has been acquired by learning) }
{ conditioned_avoidance, conditioned_avoidance_response, conditional_reflex,@ (a conditioned response that anticipates the occurrence of an aversive stimulus) }
{ knee_jerk, knee-jerk_reflex, patellar_reflex, reflex,@ (a reflex extension of the leg resulting from a sharp tap on the patellar tendon) }
{ startle_response, startle_reaction, startle,@ (a complicated involuntary reaction to a sudden unexpected stimulus (especially a loud noise); involves flexion of most skeletal muscles and a variety of visceral reactions) }
{ startle_reflex, Moro_reflex, startle,@ (a normal reflex of young infants; a sudden loud noise causes the child to stretch out the arms and flex the legs) }
{ [ wince, verb.motion:wince,+ ] [ flinch, verb.motion:flinch,+ ] startle,@ (a reflex response to sudden pain) }
{ passage5, [ passing5, verb.body:pass,+ ] reaction,@ (a bodily reaction of changing from one place or stage to another; "the passage of air from the lungs"; "the passing of flatus") }
{ light_reflex, pupillary_reflex, [ miosis, adj.pert:miotic,+ ] [ myosis, adj.pert:myotic,+ ] reflex,@ (reflex contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris in response to a bright light (or certain drugs) causing the pupil to become smaller) }
{ mydriasis, reflex,@ dilation,@ (reflex pupillary dilation as a muscle pulls the iris outward; occurs in response to a decrease in light or certain drugs) }
{ micturition_reflex, reflex,@ (relaxation of the urethral sphincter in response to increased pressure in the bladder) }
{ pharyngeal_reflex, gag_reflex, reflex,@ (normal reflex consisting of retching; may be produced by touching the soft palate in the back of the mouth) }
{ pilomotor_reflex, gooseflesh, goose_bump, goosebump, goose_pimple, goose_skin, [ horripilation, verb.perception:horripilate1,+ verb.perception:horripilate,+ ] reflex,@ (reflex erection of hairs of the skin in response to cold or emotional stress or skin irritation) }
{ plantar_reflex, reflex,@ (flexion of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front in persons over the age of 2 years; under 2 years the results should be extension of the toes (Babinski reflex)) }
{ rooting_reflex, reflex,@ (reflex consisting of head-turning and sucking movements elicited in a normal infant by gently stroking the side of the mouth or cheek) }
{ [ startle, verb.motion:startle,+ ] [ jump1, adj.all:jumpy,+ verb.motion:jump4,+ ] [ start1, verb.motion:start4,+ ] reflex,@ (a sudden involuntary movement; "he awoke with a start") }
{ stretch_reflex, myotactic_reflex, reflex,@ (reflex contraction of a muscle when an attached tendon is pulled; important in maintaining erect posture) }
{ suckling_reflex, reflex,@ (reflex behavior in newborn mammals; includes finding and grasping the nipple in the mouth and sucking on it and swallowing the milk) }
{ [ tremble, verb.motion:tremble,+ ] [ shiver, adj.all:cold1^shivery,+ verb.body:shiver,+ ] [ shake, adj.all:unstable^shaky,+ verb.body:shake,+ ] reflex,@ (a reflex motion caused by cold or fear or excitement) }
{ [ crying, verb.body:cry2,+ verb.body:cry,+ ] [ weeping, verb.body:weep,+ ] tears, noun.process:bodily_process,@ (the process of shedding tears (usually accompanied by sobs or other inarticulate sounds); "I hate to hear the crying of a child"; "she was in tears") }
{ [ snivel, verb.body:snivel1,+ verb.communication:snivel,+ ] [ sniveling, verb.body:snivel1,+ ] crying,@ (whining in a tearful manner) }
{ [ sob, verb.body:sob,+ ] [ sobbing, verb.body:sob,+ ] crying,@ (convulsive gasp made while weeping) }
{ [ wailing1, verb.communication:wail,+ ] bawling, crying,@ (loud cries made while weeping) }
{ [ calculation, verb.possession:calculate,+ verb.communication:calculate1,+ verb.cognition:calculate3,+ verb.cognition:calculate,+ ] [ computation, adj.pert:computational,+ verb.cognition:compute,+ ] computing, procedure,@ (the procedure of calculating; determining something by mathematical or logical methods) }
{ [ transposition2, verb.motion:transpose,+ ] calculation,@ noun.cognition:algebra,;c ((mathematics) the transfer of a quantity from one side of an equation to the other along with a change of sign) }
{ number_crunching, calculation,@ (performing complex and lengthy numerical calculations) }
{ mathematical_process, mathematical_operation, operation1, calculation,@ noun.cognition:math,;c ((mathematics) calculation by mathematical methods; "the problems at the end of the chapter demonstrated the mathematical processes involved in the derivation"; "they were learning the basic operations of arithmetic") }
{ [ recalculation, verb.cognition:recalculate,+ ] calculation,@ (the act of calculating again (usually to eliminate errors or to include additional data); "recalculation yielded a much larger value") }
{ [ permutation1, verb.change:permute,+ ] mathematical_process,@ (the act of changing the arrangement of a given number of elements) }
{ [ combination1, adj.all:combinative^combinatorial,+ verb.contact:combine3,+ verb.change:combine2,+ ] mathematical_process,@ (the act of arranging elements into specified groups without regard to order) }
{ [ differentiation1, verb.cognition:differentiate,+ ] mathematical_process,@ (the mathematical process of obtaining the derivative of a function) }
{ maximization1, mathematical_process,@ (the mathematical process of finding the maximum value of a function) }
{ [ division1, verb.cognition:divide,+ ] arithmetic_operation,@ (an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of multiplication; the quotient of two numbers is computed) }
{ long_division, division1,@ (the operation of division in which the sequence of steps are indicated in detail) }
{ short_division, division1,@ (the operation of division in which the sequence of steps is performed without writing them out) }
{ [ integration3, verb.cognition:integrate,+ ] mathematical_process,@ (an operation used in the calculus whereby the integral of a function is determined) }
{ [ multiplication, verb.cognition:multiply,+ verb.change:multiply,+ ] times, arithmetic_operation,@ (an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of division; the product of two numbers is computed; "the multiplication of four by three gives twelve"; "four times three equals twelve") }
{ [ subtraction1, verb.cognition:subtract,+ ] minus, arithmetic_operation,@ (an arithmetic operation in which the difference between two numbers is calculated; "the subtraction of three from four leaves one"; "four minus three equals one") }
{ [ summation1, adj.all:additive^summational,+ verb.communication:sum,+ ] [ addition1, verb.communication:add,+ verb.cognition:add,+ ] plus, arithmetic_operation,@ (the arithmetic operation of summing; calculating the sum of two or more numbers; "the summation of four and three gives seven"; "four plus three equals seven") }
{ exponentiation, involution1, mathematical_process,@ (the process of raising a quantity to some assigned power) }
{ arithmetic_operation, mathematical_process,@ (a mathematical operation involving numbers) }
{ matrix_operation, mathematical_process,@ (a mathematical operation involving matrices) }
{ matrix_addition, matrix_operation,@ (the addition of matrices) }
{ matrix_multiplication, matrix_operation,@ (the multiplication of matrices) }
{ matrix_inversion, matrix_operation,@ (determination of a matrix that when multiplied by the given matrix will yield a unit matrix) }
{ matrix_transposition, matrix_operation,@ (the interchange of each row of a square matrix with the corresponding column) }
{ [ construction2, verb.contact:construct,+ ] mathematical_process,@ (drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem; "the assignment was to make a construction that could be used in proving the Pythagorean theorem") }
{ quadrature, construction2,@ (the construction of a square having the same area as some other figure) }
{ relaxation2, relaxation_method, mathematical_process,@ (a method of solving simultaneous equations by guessing a solution and then reducing the errors that result by successive approximations until all the errors are less than some specified amount) }
{ [ judgment2, adj.all:judgmental,+ verb.communication:judge,+ verb.cognition:judge2,+ verb.cognition:judge,+ ] judgement2, assessment, noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event; "they criticized my judgment of the contestants") }
{ adjudication, judgment2,@ (the final judgment in a legal proceeding; the act of pronouncing judgment based on the evidence presented) }
{ [ disapproval, verb.communication:disapprove,+ approval2,! ] judgment2,@ (the act of disapproving or condemning) }
{ [ evaluation, verb.cognition:evaluate,+ ] [ rating, verb.cognition:rate1,+ ] judgment2,@ (act of ascertaining or fixing the value or worth of) }
{ [ marking, verb.cognition:mark,+ ] [ grading1, verb.cognition:grade5,+ verb.cognition:grade,+ ] [ scoring, verb.cognition:score5,+ ] evaluation,@ (evaluation of performance by assigning a grade or score; "what he disliked about teaching was all the grading he had to do") }
{ estimate1, [ estimation1, verb.cognition:estimate,+ ] judgment2,@ (a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody; "many factors are involved in any estimate of human life"; "in my estimation the boy is innocent") }
{ appraisal, estimate1,@ (an expert estimation of the quality, quantity, and other characteristics of someone or something) }
{ logistic_assessment, judgment2,@ noun.group:military,;c (a judgment of the logistic support required for some particular military operation) }
{ value_judgment, value_judgement, judgment2,@ (an assessment that reveals more about the values of the person making the assessment than about the reality of what is assessed) }
{ [ moralism, adj.all:moral^moralistic,+ noun.person:moralist1,+ ] value_judgment,@ (judgments about another person's morality; "he could not stand her hectoring moralism") }
{ [ percussion2, verb.contact:percuss,+ ] pleximetry, auscultation,@ (tapping a part of the body for diagnostic purposes) }
{ [ succussion, verb.motion:succuss,+ ] auscultation,@ (shaking a person to determine whether a large amount of liquid is present in a body cavity) }
{ [ auscultation, verb.perception:auscultate,+ ] listening,@ diagnostic_procedure,@ (listening to sounds within the body (usually with a stethoscope)) }
{ sensory_activity, activity,@ (activity intended to achieve a particular sensory result) }
{ [ sensing, verb.perception:sense,+ ] [ perception, adj.pert:perceptual,+ verb.perception:perceive,+ ] sensory_activity,@ (becoming aware of something via the senses) }
{ [ look, verb.perception:look,+ ] looking1, looking_at, sensing,@ (the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually; "he went out to have a look"; "his look was fixed on her eyes"; "he gave it a good looking at"; "his camera does his looking for him") }
{ [ glance, verb.perception:glance,+ ] [ glimpse, verb.perception:glimpse,+ ] coup_d'oeil, look,@ (a quick look) }
{ eye-beaming, glance,@ (a radiant glance of the eye; "he pretended profundity by eye-beamings at people") }
{ side-glance, side-look, glance,@ (a glance sideways; "she shot him an impatient side-glance") }
{ [ scrutiny1, noun.person:scrutineer,+ verb.perception:scrutinize,+ verb.cognition:scrutinize,+ verb.perception:scrutinise,+ verb.cognition:scrutinise,+ ] look,@ (a prolonged intense look) }
{ [ peek, verb.perception:peek2,+ ] [ peep, verb.perception:peep,+ ] look,@ (a secret look) }
{ [ squint, verb.body:squint,+ ] look,@ (the act of squinting; looking with the eyes partly closed) }
{ [ stare, verb.body:stare,+ verb.perception:stare,+ ] look,@ (a fixed look with eyes open wide) }
{ [ gaze, verb.perception:gaze,+ ] [ regard, verb.perception:regard,+ ] stare,@ (a long fixed look; "he fixed his paternal gaze on me") }
{ [ glare, verb.body:glare,+ ] [ glower, verb.body:glower,+ verb.body:glower1,+ ] stare,@ (an angry stare) }
{ [ contemplation1, verb.perception:contemplate,+ ] stare,@ (a long and thoughtful observation) }
{ [ gape1, verb.perception:gape,+ ] stare,@ (a stare of amazement (usually with the mouth open)) }
{ evil_eye, look,@ (a look that is believed to have the power of inflicting harm) }
{ [ inspection, verb.motion:inspect,+ ] [ review2, verb.cognition:review2,+ ] examination,@ (a formal or official examination; "the platoon stood ready for review"; "we had to wait for the inspection before we could use the elevator") }
{ resurvey, survey2,@ (a new survey or study) }
{ [ sightseeing, verb.motion:sightsee,+ ] [ rubber-necking, verb.perception:rubberneck,+ ] look,@ (going about to look at places of interest) }
{ [ observation, verb.social:observe,+ verb.perception:observe1,+ verb.perception:observe,+ verb.cognition:observe,+ ] [ observance, verb.perception:observe,+ ] [ watching, verb.perception:watch2,+ ] look,@ (the act of observing; taking a patient look) }
{ [ monitoring, verb.perception:monitor,+ ] observation,@ (the act of observing something (and sometimes keeping a record of it); "the monitoring of enemy communications plays an important role in war times") }
{ [ sighting, verb.perception:sight,+ ] observation,@ (the act of observing; "several sightings of enemy troops were reported") }
{ landfall, sighting,@ (the first sighting of land from the sea after a voyage (or flight over water)) }
{ [ stargazing, verb.perception:stargaze,+ ] observation,@ (observation of the stars) }
{ [ watch, verb.social:watch,+ verb.perception:watch5,+ verb.perception:watch3,+ verb.perception:watch2,+ verb.perception:watch,+ ] vigil1, surveillance1,@ (a purposeful surveillance to guard or observe) }
{ stakeout, surveillance1,@ (surveillance of some place or some person by the police (as in anticipation of a crime)) }
{ surveillance_of_disease, surveillance1,@ (the ongoing systematic collection and analysis of data about an infectious disease that can lead to action being taken to control or prevent the disease) }
{ listening_watch, continuous_receiver_watch, watch,@ (a watch established for the reception of traffic of interest to the unit maintaining the watch) }
{ [ spying1, verb.communication:spy1,+ ] watch,@ (keeping a secret or furtive watch) }
{ [ lookout, verb.perception:look_out,+ ] outlook, look,@ (the act of looking out) }
{ [ view, verb.perception:view2,+ ] [ survey1, verb.cognition:survey1,+ ] [ sight, verb.perception:sight,+ ] look,@ (the act of looking or seeing or observing; "he tried to get a better view of it"; "his survey of the battlefield was limited") }
{ eyeful, view,@ (a full view; a good look; "they wanted to see violence and they got an eyeful") }
{ dekko, look,@ noun.communication:slang,;u noun.location:Britain,;r (British slang for a look) }
{ [ listening, verb.social:listen11,+ verb.perception:listen1,+ verb.perception:listen,+ ] [ hearing, verb.perception:hear5,+ ] sensing,@ (the act of hearing attentively; "you can learn a lot by just listening"; "they make good music--you should give them a hearing") }
{ relistening, rehearing, listening,@ (the act of hearing again) }
{ [ lipreading, verb.cognition:lipread,+ ] sensing,@ (perceiving what a person is saying by observing the movements of the lips) }
{ [ taste, verb.perception:taste1,+ verb.perception:taste12,+ verb.perception:taste,+ verb.perception:taste2,+ ] [ tasting, verb.perception:taste12,+ verb.perception:taste,+ ] sensing,@ (a kind of sensing; distinguishing substances by means of the taste buds; "a wine tasting") }
{ [ smell, verb.perception:smell,+ verb.perception:smell1,+ ] [ smelling, verb.perception:smell1,+ ] sensing,@ (the act of perceiving the odor of something) }
{ [ sniff, verb.perception:sniff,+ ] [ snuff, verb.body:snuff2,+ verb.perception:snuff,+ ] smell,@ (sensing an odor by inhaling through the nose) }
{ [ education, adj.all:instructive^educational,+ noun.person:educationist,+ noun.person:educationalist,+ verb.social:educate,+ verb.cognition:educate,+ ] [ instruction1, adj.pert:instructional,+ verb.communication:instruct,+ ] [ teaching1, verb.communication:teach,+ ] [ pedagogy1, adj.pert:pedagogic,+ adj.pert:pedagogical,+ ] [ didactics, adj.all:instructive^didactical,+ ] educational_activity, activity,@ (the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill; "he received no formal education"; "our instruction was carefully programmed"; "good classroom teaching is seldom rewarded") }
{ coeducation, education,@ (education of men and women in the same institutions) }
{ continuing_education, education,@ (a program of instruction designed primarily for adult students who participate part-time) }
{ course1, course_of_study, course_of_instruction, class, education,@ (education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings; "he took a course in basket weaving"; "flirting is not unknown in college classes") }
{ coursework, work,@ course1,#p (work assigned to and done by a student during a course of study; usually it is evaluated as part of the student's grade in the course) }
{ adult_education, course1,@ (a course (via lectures or correspondence) for adults who are not otherwise engaged in formal study) }
{ art_class, course1,@ (a class in which you learn to draw or paint) }
{ childbirth-preparation_class, course1,@ (a course that teaches pregnant women to use breathing and concentration and exercise techniques to use during labor) }
{ life_class, art_class,@ (an art class using a live human model) }
{ elementary_education, education,@ (education in elementary subjects (reading and writing and arithmetic) provided to young students at a grade school) }
{ extension, extension_service, university_extension, education,@ (an educational opportunity provided by colleges and universities to people who are not enrolled as regular students) }
{ extracurricular_activity, education,@ (educational activities not falling within the scope of the regular curriculum) }
{ dramatics, extracurricular_activity,@ (participation in theatrical productions as an extracurricular activity) }
{ athletics1, extracurricular_activity,@ (participation in sports events as an extracurricular activity) }
{ higher_education, education,@ (education provided by a college or university) }
{ secondary_education, education,@ (education beyond the elementary grades; provided by a high school or college preparatory school) }
{ spectator_sport, sport,@ (a sport that many people find entertaining to watch) }
{ teaching, [ instruction, adj.pert:instructional,+ ] [ pedagogy, adj.pert:pedagogic,+ adj.pert:pedagogical,+ ] education1,@ (the profession of a teacher; "he prepared for teaching while still in college"; "pedagogy is recognized as an important profession") }
{ team_sport, sport,@ (a sport that involves competition between teams of players; "baseball is a team sport by golf is not") }
{ team_teaching, education,@ (a method of coordinated classroom teaching involving a team of teachers working together with a single group of students) }
{ [ catechesis, adj.pert:catechetic1,+ adj.pert:catechetical,+ ] teaching,@ (oral religious instruction (as before baptism or confirmation)) }
{ catechetical_instruction, teaching,@ (teaching religious principles by questions and answers) }
{ language_teaching, teaching,@ (teaching people to speak and understand a foreign language) }
{ teaching_reading, teaching,@ (teaching beginners to read) }
{ phonics, teaching_reading,@ (teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values) }
{ whole-word_method, teaching_reading,@ (teaching reading by training beginners to associate printed words with spoken words) }
{ [ schooling, verb.social:school1,+ ] teaching,@ (the act of teaching at school) }
{ [ indoctrination, verb.cognition:indoctrinate,+ ] teaching,@ (teaching someone to accept doctrines uncritically) }
{ brainwashing, indoctrination,@ (forcible indoctrination into a new set of attitudes and beliefs) }
{ [ inculcation, verb.cognition:inculcate,+ ] ingraining, [ instilling, verb.cognition:instill1,+ verb.cognition:instill,+ ] indoctrination,@ (teaching or impressing upon the mind by frequent instruction or repetition) }
{ [ tutelage, verb.communication:tutor,+ ] tuition, [ tutorship, noun.person:tutor,+ ] teaching,@ (teaching pupils individually (usually by a tutor hired privately)) }
{ lesson1, teaching,@ course1,#p (a unit of instruction; "he took driving lessons") }
{ dance_lesson, lesson1,@ (a lesson in dancing) }
{ music_lesson, lesson1,@ (a lesson in performing music) }
{ piano_lesson, music_lesson,@ (a lesson in playing the piano) }
{ violin_lesson, music_lesson,@ (a lesson in playing the violin) }
{ tennis_lesson, lesson1,@ (a lesson in playing tennis) }
{ golf_lesson, lesson1,@ (a lesson in playing golf) }
{ history_lesson, lesson,@ (a lesson in the facts of history) }
{ correspondence_course, course1,@ (a course offered (by mail) by a correspondence school) }
{ course_of_lectures, course1,@ noun.communication:curriculum,#p (a series of lectures dealing with a subject) }
{ directed_study, course1,@ (a course of study that is supervised and controlled by a specialist in the subject; "he registered for directed study"; "he got credit for directed study"; "he did directed study") }
{ elective_course, elective, course1,@ (a course that the student can select from among alternatives) }
{ extension_course, course1,@ extension,#p (a course offered as part of an extension service) }
{ work-study_program, education,@ (an educational plan in which students alternate between paid employment and formal study) }
{ home_study, course1,@ (a course of study carried out at home rather than in a classroom) }
{ industrial_arts, course1,@ (a course in the methods of using tools and machinery as taught in secondary schools and technical schools) }
{ orientation_course, orientation1, course1,@ (a course introducing a new situation or environment) }
{ [ propaedeutic, adj.all:preceding^propaedeutic,+ ] [ propaedeutics, adj.all:preceding^propaedeutic,+ ] course1,@ (a course that provides an introduction to an art or science (or to more advanced study generally)) }
{ refresher_course, [ refresher, verb.cognition:refresh,+ ] course1,@ (a course that reviews and updates a topic for those who have not kept abreast of developments) }
{ required_course, course1,@ (a course that all students are required to take) }
{ seminar, course1,@ (a course offered for a small group of advanced students) }
{ shop_class, shop, course1,@ (a course of instruction in a trade (as carpentry or electricity); "I built a birdhouse in shop") }
{ workshop, course1,@ (a brief intensive course for a small group; emphasizes problem solving) }
{ sleep-learning, hypnopedia, teaching,@ (teaching during sleep (as by using recordings to teach a foreign language to someone who is asleep)) }
{ [ spoonfeeding1, verb.communication:spoonfeed,+ ] teaching,@ (teaching in an overly simplified way that discourages independent thought) }
{ [ lecture, noun.act:lectureship,+ verb.communication:lecture1,+ ] lecturing, teaching,@ course1,#p (teaching by giving a discourse on some subject (typically to a class)) }
{ lecture_demonstration, presentation,@ lecture,#p (presentation of an example of what the lecturer is discoursing about) }
{ talk2, lecture,@ (the act of giving a talk to an audience; "I attended an interesting talk on local history") }
{ chalk_talk, talk2,@ (a talk that uses a blackboard and chalk) }
{ athletic_training, training,@ (the course of practice and exercise and diet undertaken by an athlete) }
{ fartlek, athletic_training,@ (a method of athletic training (especially for runners) in which strenuous effort and normal effort alternate in a continuous exercise) }
{ [ discipline, adj.all:nonindulgent^disciplinary,+ ] training,@ (training to improve strength or self-control) }
{ [ training, verb.social:train,+ verb.communication:train,+ verb.cognition:train1,+ verb.body:train,+ ] [ preparation, verb.social:prepare,+ verb.cognition:prepare1,+ ] [ grooming1, verb.social:groom,+ ] activity,@ (activity leading to skilled behavior) }
{ [ drill1, verb.cognition:drill4,+ ] training,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) the training of soldiers to march (as in ceremonial parades) or to perform the manual of arms) }
{ [ exercise2, verb.cognition:exercise,+ ] [ practice2, verb.creation:practice,+ verb.cognition:practice,+ ] [ drill, verb.cognition:drill1,+ verb.cognition:drill,+ ] practice_session, recitation, training,@ (systematic training by multiple repetitions; "practice makes perfect") }
{ fire_drill, exercise2,@ (an exercise intended to train people in duties and escape procedures to be followed in case of fire) }
{ manual_of_arms, manual, exercise2,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) a prescribed drill in handling a rifle) }
{ order_arms, noun.attribute:position1,@ manual_of_arms,#p (a position in the manual of arms; the rifle is held vertically on the right side with the butt on the ground; often used as a command) }
{ military_training, training,@ noun.group:military,;c (training soldiers in military procedures) }
{ basic_training, military_training,@ noun.group:military,;c (the initial period of training for new military personnel; involves intense physical activity and behavioral discipline) }
{ [ retraining, verb.cognition:retrain1,+ ] training,@ (training for a new occupation) }
{ schooling1, training,@ (the training of an animal (especially the training of a horse for dressage)) }
{ skull_session, skull_practice, training,@ (teaching strategy to an athletic team) }
{ [ toilet_training, verb.cognition:toilet-train,+ ] training,@ (training a young child to use the toilet) }
{ military_drill, exercise2,@ military_training,#p noun.group:military,;c (training in marching and the use of weapons) }
{ close-order_drill, military_drill,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) military drill of troops in standard marching (shoulder-to-shoulder)) }
{ square-bashing, military_drill,@ noun.location:Britain,;r noun.group:military,;c noun.communication:slang,;u (drill on a barracks square) }
{ rehearsal, exercise2,@ noun.cognition:psychology,;c ((psychology) a form of practice; repetition of information (silently or aloud) in order to keep it in short-term memory) }
{ [ rehearsal1, verb.creation:rehearse,+ ] dry_run, exercise2,@ noun.communication:concert,;c (a practice session in preparation for a public performance (as of a play or speech or concert); "he missed too many rehearsals"; "a rehearsal will be held the day before the wedding") }
{ dress_rehearsal, rehearsal1,@ (a full uninterrupted rehearsal in costumes shortly before the first performance) }
{ [ run-through, verb.consumption:run_through1,+ ] rehearsal1,@ (an uninterrupted rehearsal) }
{ [ walk-through, verb.creation:walk_through,+ ] rehearsal1,@ (a first perfunctory rehearsal of a theatrical production in which actors read their lines from the script and move as directed) }
{ [ review1, verb.cognition:review4,+ ] [ brushup, verb.cognition:brush_up,+ ] exercise2,@ (practice intended to polish performance or refresh the memory) }
{ rub_up, review1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a review that refreshes your memory; "I need a rub up on my Latin") }
{ [ scrimmage1, verb.creation:scrimmage,+ ] exercise2,@ American_football,;c ((American football) practice play between a football team's squads) }
{ [ shadowboxing, verb.contact:shadowbox,+ ] exercise2,@ (sparring with an imaginary opponent (for exercise or training)) }
{ target_practice, exercise2,@ (practice in shooting at targets) }
{ [ representation, verb.stative:represent2,+ ] activity,@ (an activity that stands as an equivalent of something or results in an equivalent) }
{ [ model, verb.creation:model1,+ verb.creation:model,+ verb.creation:model2,+ ] [ modelling, verb.creation:model1,+ ] [ modeling, verb.creation:model1,+ ] representation,@ (the act of representing something (usually on a smaller scale)) }
{ simulation1, model,@ (the act of imitating the behavior of some situation or some process by means of something suitably analogous (especially for the purpose of study or personnel training)) }
{ [ dramatization, verb.creation:dramatize,+ verb.communication:dramatize1,+ ] [ dramatisation, verb.creation:dramatise,+ verb.communication:dramatise1,+ ] representation,@ (a dramatic representation) }
{ guerrilla_theater, street_theater, dramatization,@ (dramatization of a social issue; enacted outside in a park or on the street) }
{ puppetry, dramatization,@ (a stilted dramatic performance (as if by puppets)) }
{ pageant, pageantry, representation,@ (an elaborate representation of scenes from history etc; usually involves a parade with rich costumes) }
{ [ figuration1, verb.creation:figure,+ ] representation,@ (representing figuratively as by emblem or allegory) }
{ [ symbolizing, verb.communication:symbolize,+ ] symbolising, figuration1,@ (the act of representing something with a symbol) }
{ [ schematization, verb.creation:schematize,+ ] schematisation, [ diagramming, verb.creation:diagram,+ ] representation,@ (providing a chart or outline of a system) }
{ pictorial_representation, [ picturing, verb.creation:picture,+ ] representation,@ (visual representation as by photography or painting) }
{ [ typification, verb.communication:typify,+ ] representation,@ (the act of representing by a type or symbol; the action of typifying) }
{ [ depiction, verb.creation:depict,+ ] [ delineation, verb.stative:delineate1,+ verb.creation:delineate,+ verb.contact:delineate,+ ] [ portrayal, verb.creation:portray2,+ ] pictorial_representation,@ (representation by drawing or painting etc) }
{ [ portraiture, verb.creation:portray2,+ verb.creation:portray,+ ] depiction,@ (the activity of making portraits) }
{ imaging, tomography, pictorial_representation,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) obtaining pictures of the interior of the body) }
{ [ X-raying, verb.perception:x-ray,+ verb.communication:x-ray,+ ] X-radiation, imaging,@ (obtaining images by the use of X rays) }
{ computerized_tomography, computed_tomography, CT, computerized_axial_tomography, computed_axial_tomography, CAT, X-raying,@ (a method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis) }
{ sonography, ultrasonography, echography, ultrasound, imaging,@ prenatal_diagnosis,@ (using the reflections of high-frequency sound waves to construct an image of a body organ (a sonogram); commonly used to observe fetal growth or study bodily organs) }
{ A-scan_ultrasonography, sonography,@ (the use of ultrasonography to measure the length of the eyeball) }
{ B-scan_ultrasonography, sonography,@ (the use of ultrasonography to view structure in the back of the eye) }
{ positron_emission_tomography, PET, imaging,@ (using a computerized radiographic technique to examine the metabolic activity in various tissues (especially in the brain)) }
{ magnetic_resonance_imaging, MRI, imaging,@ (the use of nuclear magnetic resonance of protons to produce proton density images) }
{ functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging, fMRI, magnetic_resonance_imaging,@ (a form of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain that registers blood flow to functioning areas of the brain) }
{ blood-oxygenation_level_dependent_functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging, BOLD_FMRI, functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging,@ (functional magnetic resonance imaging that relies on intrinsic changes in hemoglobin oxygenation) }
{ fluoroscopy, radioscopy,@ (examination of body structures using a fluoroscope) }
{ radioscopy, [ radiology, adj.pert:radiological,+ noun.person:radiologist,+ ] imaging,@ noun.cognition:radiology,;c ((radiology) examination of the inner structure of opaque objects using X rays or other penetrating radiation) }
{ [ photography, adj.pert:photographic,+ noun.artifact:photograph,+ noun.person:photographer,+ ] picture_taking, pictorial_representation,@ (the act of taking and printing photographs) }
{ [ radiography, adj.pert:radiographic,+ noun.person:radiographer,+ ] photography,@ (photography that uses other kinds of radiation than visible light) }
{ [ roentgenography, adj.pert:roentgenographic,+ ] X-ray_photography, radiography,@ diagnostic_procedure,@ (radiography that uses X-rays to produce a roentgenogram) }
{ [ xerography, adj.pert:xerographic,+ ] photography,@ (forming an image by the action of light on a specially coated charged plate; the latent image is developed with powders that adhere only to electrically charged areas; "edge enhancement is intrinsic in xerography") }
{ xeroradiography, radiography,@ (radiography using X-rays and xerographic (rather than roentgenographic) techniques) }
{ angiography, roentgenography,@ (roentgenographic examination of blood vessels after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium; produces an angiogram) }
{ lymphangiography, lymphography, angiography,@ (roentgenographic examination of lymph nodes and lymph vessels after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium; produces a lymphangiogram) }
{ arteriography, arthrography,@ (roentgenographic examination of arteries) }
{ arthrography, roentgenography,@ (roentgenographic examination of a joint after injection of radiopaque contrast medium; produces an arthrogram) }
{ venography, arthrography,@ (roentgenographic examination of veins) }
{ cholangiography, roentgenography,@ (roentgenographic examination of the bile ducts after a contrast medium has been injected) }
{ encephalography, roentgenography,@ (roentgenography of the brain after spinal fluid has been replaced by a gas (usually oxygen); produces an encephalogram) }
{ myelography, roentgenography,@ (roentgenography of the spinal cord to detect possible lesions (usually after injection of a contrast medium into the subarachnoid space)) }
{ pyelography, roentgenography,@ (roentgenography of the kidney and ureters (usually after injection with a radiopaque dye)) }
{ intravenous_pyelography, IVP, pyelography,@ (performing pyelography with intravenous injection of a contrast medium) }
{ telephotography1, photography,@ (photography using a telephoto lens) }
{ telephotography2, transmission1,@ (transmission and reproduction of photographs and charts and pictures over a distance) }
{ radiophotography, telephotography2,@ (transmission of photographs by radio waves) }
{ [ exposure2, verb.perception:expose1,+ ] photography,@ (the act of exposing film to light) }
{ [ overexposure, verb.perception:overexpose1,+ ] exposure2,@ (the act of exposing film to too much light or for too long a time) }
{ [ underexposure, verb.perception:underexpose1,+ ] exposure2,@ (the act of exposing film to too little light or for too short a time) }
{ time_exposure, exposure2,@ (exposure of a film for a relatively long time (more than half a second)) }
{ [ filming, verb.creation:film,+ verb.communication:film,+ ] [ cinematography, noun.person:cinematographer,+ ] motion-picture_photography, photography,@ (the act of making a film) }
{ [ take, verb.communication:take2,+ ] filming,@ (the act of photographing a scene or part of a scene without interruption) }
{ [ retake, verb.communication:retake,+ ] take,@ (a shot or scene that is photographed again) }
{ animation, filming,@ (the making of animated cartoons) }
{ [ creation, verb.creation:create3,+ verb.creation:create2,+ verb.creation:create1,+ ] creative_activity, activity,@ (the human act of creating) }
{ [ re-creation, verb.creation:re-create1,+ verb.creation:re-create,+ verb.cognition:re-create,+ ] creation,@ (the act of creating again) }
{ creating_from_raw_materials, creation,@ (the act of creating something that is different from the materials that went into it) }
{ [ spinning, verb.contact:spin,+ ] handicraft,@ (creating thread) }
{ [ weaving, verb.creation:weave,+ ] handicraft,@ (creating fabric) }
{ [ netting, verb.creation:net,+ ] weaving,@ (creating nets) }
{ [ knitting, verb.creation:knit,+ ] handicraft,@ (creating knitted wear) }
{ [ crocheting, verb.creation:crochet1,+ ] handicraft,@ (creating a garment of needlework) }
{ lace_making, [ tatting, verb.creation:tat,+ ] handicraft,@ (the act or art of making handmade lace) }
{ [ mintage, verb.creation:mint,+ ] trade,@ (act or process of minting coins) }
{ [ molding1, verb.creation:mold2,+ verb.creation:mold,+ ] [ casting1, verb.creation:cast,+ ] creating_from_raw_materials,@ (the act of creating something by casting it in a mold) }
{ needlework, needlecraft, handicraft,@ (work (such as sewing or embroidery) that is done with a needle) }
{ [ recording, verb.communication:record1,+ ] transcription, creating_from_raw_materials,@ (the act of making a record (especially an audio record); "she watched the recording from a sound-proof booth") }
{ lip_synchronization, lip_synchronisation, lip_synch, lip_sync, recording,@ (combining audio and video recording in such a way that the sound is perfectly synchronized with the action that produced it; especially synchronizing the movements of a speaker's lips with the sound of his speech) }
{ mastering, recording,@ (the act of making a master recording from which copies can be made; "he received a bill for mastering the concert and making 100 copies") }
{ [ construction, verb.creation:construct,+ ] [ building, verb.creation:build,+ ] creating_from_raw_materials,@ (the act of constructing something; "during the construction we had to take a detour"; "his hobby was the building of boats") }
{ bricolage, construction,@ (construction of something by whatver material are available)}
{ [ crenelation, verb.possession:crenelate,+ ] [ crenellation, verb.possession:crenellate,+ ] construction,@ (the action of constructing ramparts with gaps for firing guns or arrows) }
{ [ erecting, verb.creation:erect,+ ] [ erection, verb.motion:erect,+ verb.creation:erect,+ ] construction,@ (the act of building or putting up) }
{ house-raising, construction,@ (construction by a group of neighbors) }
{ [ fabrication1, verb.creation:fabricate1,+ ] [ assembly1, disassembly,! ] construction,@ (the act of constructing something (as a piece of machinery)) }
{ dry_walling, construction,@ (the activity of building stone walls without mortar) }
{ [ dismantling, verb.creation:dismantle,+ ] [ dismantlement, verb.creation:dismantle,+ ] [ disassembly, assembly,! ] activity,@ (the act of taking something apart (as a piece of machinery); "Russia and the United States discussed the dismantling of their nuclear weapons") }
{ [ grading2, verb.contact:grade,+ ] leveling2, construction,@ (changing the ground level to a smooth horizontal or gently sloping surface) }
{ road_construction, construction,@ (the construction of roads) }
{ shipbuilding, ship_building, construction,@ (the construction of ships) }
{ [ production, verb.perception:produce,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act or process of producing something; "Shakespeare's production of poetry was enormous"; "the production of white blood cells") }
{ [ rustication2, verb.contact:rusticate,+ verb.change:rusticate,+ ] construction,@ (the construction of masonry or brickwork in a rustic manner) }
{ cottage_industry, industry,@ (small-scale industry that can be carried on at home by family members using their own equipment) }
{ production3, creation,@ (the creation of value or wealth by producing goods and services) }
{ production2, industry,@ noun.cognition:economics,;c ((economics) manufacturing or mining or growing something (usually in large quantities) for sale; "he introduced more efficient methods of production") }
{ mass_production, production2,@ (the production of large quantities of a standardized article (often using assembly line techniques)) }
{ [ overproduction, verb.creation:overproduce1,+ verb.creation:overproduce,+ ] [ overrun, verb.motion:overrun,+ ] production2,@ (too much production or more than expected) }
{ [ underproduction, verb.creation:underproduce,+ ] production2,@ (inadequate production or less than expected) }
{ [ output, verb.creation:output,+ ] [ yield, verb.possession:yield,+ verb.creation:yield,+ ] production2,@ (production of a certain amount) }
{ capacity, production2,@ (the maximum production possible; "the plant is working at 80 per cent capacity") }
{ [ breeding2, verb.contact:breed1,+ ] production2,@ (the production of animals or plants by inbreeding or hybridization) }
{ brewing, production2,@ (the production of malt beverages (as beer or ale) from malt and hops by grinding and boiling them and fermenting the result with yeast) }
{ autosexing, breeding2,@ ((especially of domestic fowl) breeding to reveal differential sex characteristics at hatching) }
{ cattle_breeding, breeding2,@ (breeding cattle) }
{ dog_breeding, breeding2,@ (breeding dogs) }
{ horse_breeding, breeding2,@ (breeding horses) }
{ [ cultivation, verb.creation:cultivate1,+ verb.creation:cultivate,+ ] production2,@ agriculture,;c ((agriculture) production of food by preparing the land to grow crops (especially on a large scale)) }
{ cultivation2, production2,@ (the act of raising or growing plants (especially on a large scale)) }
{ [ aquaculture, adj.pert:aquacultural,+ ] cultivation,@ (rearing aquatic animals or cultivating aquatic plants for food) }
{ beekeeping, [ apiculture, adj.pert:apicultural,+ noun.person:apiculturist,+ ] cultivation,@ (the cultivation of bees on a commercial scale for the production of honey) }
{ [ farming, verb.creation:farm,+ ] [ agriculture, noun.person:agriculturist,+ ] husbandry, cultivation,@ (the practice of cultivating the land or raising stock) }
{ animal_husbandry, farming,@ (breeding and caring for farm animals) }
{ [ arboriculture, noun.person:arboriculturist,+ ] tree_farming, farming,@ (the tending of and caring for trees) }
{ [ culture, adj.pert:cultural2,+ ] cultivation,@ (the raising of plants or animals; "the culture of oysters") }
{ cranberry_culture, culture,@ (the cultivation of cranberries) }
{ monoculture, culture,@ (the cultivation of a single crop (on a farm or area or country)) }
{ [ tillage, verb.creation:till,+ ] culture,@ (the cultivation of soil for raising crops) }
{ dairying, dairy_farming, farming,@ (the business of a dairy) }
{ [ gardening, verb.creation:garden,+ ] [ horticulture, adj.pert:horticultural,+ noun.person:horticulturist,+ ] farming,@ (the cultivation of plants) }
{ [ plowing, verb.creation:plow,+ ] [ ploughing, verb.creation:plough,+ ] tilling,@ (tilling the land with a plow; "he hired someone to do the plowing for him") }
{ [ tilling, verb.creation:till,+ ] cultivation,@ farming,#p (cultivation of the land in order to raise crops) }
{ [ hydroponics, adj.pert:hydroponic,+ ] [ aquiculture, adj.pert:aquicultural,+ ] tank_farming, farming,@ (a technique of growing plants (without soil) in water containing dissolved nutrients) }
{ drip_culture, hydroponics,@ (a hydroponic method of growing plants by allowing nutrient solutions to drip slowly onto an inert medium in which the plants are growing) }
{ mixed_farming, farming,@ (growing crops and feed and livestock all on the same farm) }
{ [ planting1, verb.contact:plant,+ ] farming,@ (putting seeds or young plants in the ground to grow; "the planting of corn is hard work") }
{ [ insemination1, verb.contact:inseminate,+ ] planting1,@ (the act of sowing (of seeds in the ground or, figuratively, of germs in the body or ideas in the mind, etc.)) }
{ [ stratification1, verb.body:stratify,+ ] placement,@ (the placing of seeds in damp sand or sawdust or peat moss in order to preserve them or promote germination) }
{ [ ranching, verb.social:ranch,+ ] farming,@ (farming for the raising of livestock (particularly cattle)) }
{ strip_cropping, farming,@ (cultivation of crops in strips following the contours of the land to minimize erosion) }
{ subsistence_farming, farming,@ (farming that provides for the basic needs of the farmer without surpluses for marketing) }
{ culture1, noun.process:growth,@ noun.cognition:biology,;c ((biology) the growing of microorganisms in a nutrient medium (such as gelatin or agar); "the culture of cells in a Petri dish") }
{ starter, culture1,@ (a culture containing yeast or bacteria that is used to start the process of fermentation or souring in making butter or cheese or dough; "to make sourdough you need a starter") }
{ [ naturalization2, verb.change:naturalize3,+ ] [ naturalisation2, verb.change:naturalise3,+ ] introduction1,@ (the introduction of animals or plants to places where they flourish but are not indigenous) }
{ [ landscaping, verb.creation:landscape,+ ] landscape_gardening, gardening,@ (working as a landscape gardener) }
{ market_gardening, gardening,@ (the growing of vegetables or flowers for market) }
{ flower_gardening, [ floriculture, adj.pert:floricultural,+ ] gardening,@ (the cultivation of flowering plants) }
{ tree_surgery, care1,@ (treatment of damaged or decaying trees) }
{ [ roundup1, verb.contact:round_up,+ ] ranching,@ (the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold) }
{ [ harvest, verb.contact:harvest,+ ] harvest_time, noun.time:season,@ farming,#p (the season for gathering crops) }
{ haying, haying_time, noun.time:season,@ (the season for cutting and drying and storing grass as fodder) }
{ rainmaking, production,@ (activity intended to produce rain) }
{ [ generation1, verb.creation:generate2,+ verb.creation:generate1,+ ] production2,@ (the production of heat or electricity; "dams were built for the generation of electricity") }
{ [ mining, verb.consumption:mine,+ ] [ excavation, verb.contact:excavate1,+ ] production2,@ (the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth) }
{ placer_mining, mining,@ (mining valuable minerals from a placer by washing or dredging) }
{ strip_mining, opencast_mining, mining,@ (the mining of ore or coal from an open mine) }
{ [ quarrying, verb.consumption:quarry,+ ] production2,@ (the extraction of building stone or slate from an open surface quarry) }
{ boring, [ drilling, verb.contact:drill,+ ] oil_production, production2,@ (the act of drilling a hole in the earth in the hope of producing petroleum) }
{ [ sericulture, adj.pert:sericultural,+ noun.person:sericulturist,+ ] production2,@ (the production of raw silk by raising silkworms) }
{ industry, [ manufacture, verb.creation:manufacture,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (the organized action of making of goods and services for sale; "American industry is making increased use of computers to control production") }
{ [ industrialization, verb.change:industrialize,+ ] [ industrialisation, verb.change:industrialise,+ ] industrial_enterprise, industry,@ (the development of industry on an extensive scale) }
{ [ devising, verb.creation:devise1,+ verb.creation:devise,+ ] [ fashioning, verb.creation:fashion,+ ] [ making, verb.stative:make9,+ verb.creation:make13,+ verb.creation:make11,+ verb.creation:make9,+ verb.creation:make1,+ verb.creation:make,+ ] production,@ (the act that results in something coming to be; "the devising of plans"; "the fashioning of pots and pans"; "the making of measurements"; "it was already in the making") }
{ [ foliation, verb.creation:foliate,+ ] production,@ (the production of foil by cutting or beating metal into thin leaves) }
{ mapmaking, [ cartography, adj.pert:cartographical,+ noun.person:cartographer,+ ] devising,@ (the making of maps and charts) }
{ moviemaking, movie_making, film_making, devising,@ (the production of movies) }
{ [ fabrication, verb.creation:fabricate1,+ ] [ manufacture1, verb.creation:manufacture,+ ] manufacturing, creating_from_raw_materials,@ (the act of making something (a product) from raw materials; "the synthesis and fabrication of single crystals"; "an improvement in the manufacture of explosives"; "manufacturing is vital to Great Britain") }
{ [ formation, verb.creation:form,+ verb.change:form1,+ ] [ shaping, verb.creation:shape,+ ] fabrication,@ (the act of fabricating something in a particular shape) }
{ [ filing1, verb.contact:file,+ ] formation,@ (the act of using a file (as in shaping or smoothing an object)) }
{ [ forging, verb.creation:forge,+ ] formation,@ (shaping metal by heating and hammering) }
{ metalworking, metalwork, formation,@ (the activity of making things out of metal in a skillful manner) }
{ [ granulation, verb.change:granulate,+ ] formation,@ (the act of forming something into granules or grains; "the granulation of medicines") }
{ [ grooving, verb.contact:groove2,+ ] rifling, formation,@ (the cutting of spiral grooves on the inside of the barrel of a firearm) }
{ turning2, formation,@ (the activity of shaping something on a lathe) }
{ newspeak, fabrication,@ (deliberately ambiguous and contradictory language used to mislead and manipulate the public; "the welfare state brought its own newspeak") }
{ [ prefabrication, verb.creation:prefabricate,+ ] fabrication,@ (the manufacture of sections of a building at the factory so they can be easily and rapidly assembled at the building site) }
{ [ confection, verb.creation:confect,+ verb.creation:confection,+ ] [ concoction, verb.creation:concoct1,+ verb.contact:concoct,+ ] creating_from_raw_materials,@ (the act of creating something (a medicine or drink or soup etc.) by compounding or mixing a variety of components) }
{ [ lamination, verb.creation:laminate,+ verb.contact:laminate,+ ] creating_from_raw_materials,@ (bonding thin sheets together) }
{ [ tanning, verb.change:tan,+ ] trade,@ (making leather from rawhide) }
{ [ veneering, verb.contact:veneer,+ ] lamination,@ (the act of applying veneer) }
{ creating_by_mental_acts, creation,@ (the act of creating something by thinking) }
{ [ formation2, verb.stative:form2,+ ] creating_by_mental_acts,@ (creation by mental activity; "the formation of sentences"; "the formation of memories") }
{ [ affixation, verb.contact:affix2,+ ] formation2,@ (formation of a word by means of an affix) }
{ [ prefixation, verb.contact:prefix,+ ] affixation,@ (formation of a word by means of a prefix) }
{ [ suffixation, verb.contact:suffix,+ ] affixation,@ (formation of a word by means of a suffix) }
{ [ design, verb.creation:design,+ verb.cognition:design,+ ] [ designing, verb.creation:design1,+ verb.creation:design,+ ] creating_by_mental_acts,@ (the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan); "he contributed to the design of a new instrument") }
{ [ planning2, verb.creation:plan1,+ ] designing,@ (the act or process of drawing up plans or layouts for some project or enterprise) }
{ city_planning, town_planning, urban_planning, planning2,@ (determining and drawing up plans for the future physical arrangement and condition of a community) }
{ zoning, division2,@ city_planning,#m (dividing an area into zones or sections reserved for different purposes such as residence and business and manufacturing etc) }
{ [ programming, verb.creation:programme,+ ] [ programing, verb.creation:program,+ ] computer_programming, computer_programing, creating_by_mental_acts,@ (creating a sequence of instructions to enable the computer to do something) }
{ logic_programming, logic_programing, programming,@ (creating a program that enables the computer to reason logically) }
{ object-oriented_programming, object-oriented_programing, programming,@ (creating a program that can use and support objects) }
{ verbal_creation, creating_by_mental_acts,@ (creating something by the use of speech and language) }
{ [ writing2, verb.creation:write,+ ] [ authorship, noun.person:author,+ ] [ composition1, verb.creation:compose1,+ ] [ penning, verb.creation:pen,+ ] verbal_creation,@ (the act of creating written works; "writing was a form of therapy for him"; "it was a matter of disputed authorship") }
{ adoxography, writing2,@ (fine writing in praise of trivial or base subjects; "Elizabethan schoolboys were taught adoxography, the art of eruditely praising worthless things"; "adoxography is particularly useful to lawyers") }
{ [ drafting1, verb.creation:draft,+ ] writing2,@ (writing a first version to be filled out and polished later) }
{ [ dramatization1, verb.creation:dramatize,+ ] dramatisation1, writing2,@ (conversion into dramatic form; "the play was a dramatization of a short story") }
{ [ fabrication2, verb.creation:fabricate,+ ] [ fictionalization, verb.creation:fictionalize,+ ] [ fictionalisation, verb.change:fictionalise,+ ] writing2,@ (writing in a fictional form) }
{ historiography, writing2,@ (the writing of history) }
{ [ metrification1, verb.creation:metrify,+ ] writing2,@ (writing a metrical composition (or the metrical structure of a composition)) }
{ [ novelization, verb.change:novelize,+ ] [ novelisation, verb.change:novelise,+ ] writing2,@ (converting something into the form of a novel) }
{ [ redaction, verb.communication:redact,+ ] writing2,@ (the act of putting something in writing) }
{ [ lexicography, adj.pert:lexicographical,+ noun.person:lexicographer,+ ] writing2,@ (the act of writing dictionaries) }
{ [ realization, verb.creation:realize,+ ] [ realisation, verb.creation:realise,+ ] [ actualization, verb.creation:actualize,+ ] [ actualisation, verb.creation:actualise,+ ] creating_by_mental_acts,@ (making real or giving the appearance of reality) }
{ [ objectification, verb.change:objectify1,+ ] realization,@ (the act of representing an abstraction as a physical thing) }
{ [ depersonalization, verb.change:depersonalize,+ ] [ depersonalisation, verb.change:depersonalise,+ ] reification1, objectification,@ (representing a human being as a physical thing deprived of personal qualities or individuality; "according to Marx, treating labor as a commodity exemplified the reification of the individual") }
{ externalization, externalisation, [ exteriorization, verb.motion:exteriorize,+ ] [ exteriorisation, verb.change:exteriorise,+ ] objectification,@ (embodying in an outward form) }
{ [ hypostatization, verb.cognition:hypostatize,+ ] [ hypostatisation, verb.cognition:hypostatise,+ ] [ reification, verb.cognition:reify,+ ] objectification,@ (regarding something abstract as a material thing) }
{ [ embodiment, verb.stative:embody1,+ ] objectification,@ (giving concrete form to an abstract concept) }
{ soul, embodiment,@ (the human embodiment of something; "the soul of honor") }
{ [ personification, verb.cognition:personify,+ ] incarnation, embodiment,@ (the act of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas etc.) }

{ [ art, noun.person:artist,+ ] artistic_creation, artistic_production, creation,@ (the creation of beautiful or significant things; "art does not need to be innovative to be good"; "I was never any good at art"; "he said that architecture is the art of wasting space beautifully") }
{ arts_and_crafts, art,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (the arts of decorative design and handicraft; "they sponsored arts and crafts in order to encourage craftsmanship in an age of mass production") }
{ [ ceramics, adj.pert:ceramic,+ noun.person:ceramist,+ noun.person:ceramicist,+ ] artistic_creation,@ (the art of making and decorating pottery) }
{ decalcomania, artistic_creation,@ (the art of transfering designs from specially prepared paper to a wood or glass or metal surface) }
{ [ decantation, verb.motion:decant,+ ] transfusion1,@ (the act of gently pouring off a clear liquor (as from its original bottle) without disturbing the lees) }
{ decoupage, artistic_creation,@ (the art of decorating a surface with shapes or pictures and then coating it with varnish or lacquer) }
{ [ drawing1, verb.creation:draw2,+ ] [ draftsmanship, noun.person:draftsman1,+ noun.person:draftsman,+ ] drafting, artistic_creation,@ (the creation of artistic pictures or diagrams; "he learned drawing from his father") }
{ glyptography, artistic_creation,@ (carving or engraving (especially on stones)) }
{ [ gastronomy, adj.pert:gastronomic,+ adj.pert:gastronomical,+ ] artistic_creation,@ (the art and practice of choosing and preparing and eating good food) }
{ origami, artistic_creation,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (the Japanese art of folding paper into shapes representing objects (e.g., flowers or birds)) }
{ [ painting, verb.creation:paint1,+ verb.creation:paint,+ ] artistic_creation,@ noun.cognition:fine_arts,@ (creating a picture with paints; "he studied painting and sculpture for many years") }
{ [ distemper, verb.creation:distemper,+ ] painting,@ (a method of painting in which the pigments are mixed with water and a binder; used for painting posters or murals or stage scenery) }
{ [ fresco, verb.creation:fresco,+ ] painting,@ (a durable method of painting on a wall by using watercolors on wet plaster) }
{ impasto, painting,@ (painting that applies the pigment thickly so that brush or palette knife marks are visible) }
{ perfumery, artistic_creation,@ (the art of making perfumes) }
{ printmaking, artistic_creation,@ (artistic design and manufacture of prints as woodcuts or silkscreens) }
{ [ sculpture, verb.contact:sculpture,+ verb.creation:sculpture,+ verb.creation:sculpt,+ verb.contact:sculpt,+ ] [ carving, verb.contact:carve2,+ ] artistic_creation,@ noun.cognition:fine_arts,@ (creating figures or designs in three dimensions) }
{ [ modeling1, verb.creation:model,+ ] [ modelling1, verb.creation:model,+ ] [ molding, verb.creation:mold2,+ ] [ moulding, verb.creation:mould2,+ ] sculpture,@ (a preliminary sculpture in wax or clay from which a finished work can be copied) }
{ topiary, artistic_creation,@ (making decorative shapes by trimming shrubs or trees) }
{ [ pyrography, adj.pert:pyrographic,+ noun.person:pyrographer,+ ] drawing1,@ (the act of producing drawings on wood or leather by using heated tools or a fine flame) }
{ [ tracing, verb.contact:trace,+ ] drawing1,@ (the act of drawing a plan or diagram or outline) }
{ oil_painting, painting,@ (the art or method of painting with oil paints) }
{ watercolor, water-color, watercolour, water-colour, painting,@ (the art or technique of painting with watercolors) }
{ [ engraving, verb.creation:engrave,+ ] [ etching, verb.creation:etch,+ ] printmaking,@ (making engraved or etched plates and printing designs from them) }
{ steel_engraving, engraving,@ (the act of engraving on a steel plate) }
{ [ aquatint, verb.creation:aquatint,+ ] engraving,@ (a method of etching that imitates the broad washes of a water color) }
{ serigraphy, printmaking,@ (the act of making a print by the silkscreen method) }
{ [ lithography, noun.person:lithographer,+ ] printmaking,@ (the act of making a lithographic print) }

{ [ composing, verb.creation:compose3,+ ] [ composition2, verb.creation:compose3,+ ] creating_by_mental_acts,@ (musical creation) }
{ arrangement1, arranging, transcription1, composition2,@ (the act of arranging and adapting a piece of music) }
{ [ orchestration1, verb.creation:orchestrate,+ ] [ instrumentation1, verb.creation:instrument,+ ] arrangement1,@ (the act of arranging a piece of music for an orchestra and assigning parts to the different musical instruments) }
{ [ realization3, verb.creation:realize7,+ ] realisation3, composition2,@ (the completion or enrichment of a piece of music left sparsely notated by a composer) }
{ recapitulation, composition2,@ noun.communication:music,;c ((music) the repetition of themes introduced earlier (especially when one is composing the final part of a movement)) }
{ [ invention, verb.creation:invent1,+ verb.creation:invent,+ ] creating_by_mental_acts,@ (the act of inventing) }
{ [ neologism, noun.person:neologist,+ ] neology, [ coinage2, verb.creation:coin1,+ ] invention,@ (the act of inventing a word or phrase) }
{ [ devisal, verb.creation:devise,+ ] [ contrivance1, verb.creation:contrive,+ ] invention,@ (the act of devising something) }
{ [ conceptualization, verb.creation:conceptualize,+ ] [ conceptualisation, verb.creation:conceptualise,+ ] [ formulation, verb.creation:formulate,+ verb.communication:formulate3,+ verb.communication:formulate,+ ] creating_by_mental_acts,@ (inventing or contriving an idea or explanation and formulating it mentally) }
{ [ approach2, verb.social:approach,+ ] attack3, plan_of_attack, conceptualization,@ (ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation; "his approach to every problem is to draw up a list of pros and cons"; "an attack on inflation"; "his plan of attack was misguided") }
{ [ framing, verb.cognition:frame,+ ] conceptualization,@ (formulation of the plans and important details; "the framing of judicial decrees") }
{ avenue, approach2,@ (a line of approach; "they explored every avenue they could think of"; "it promises to open new avenues to understanding") }

{ creating_by_removal, creation,@ (the act of creating by removing something) }
{ [ excavation1, verb.perception:excavate,+ verb.contact:excavate,+ ] [ digging, verb.contact:dig,+ ] [ dig1, verb.contact:dig2,+ verb.contact:dig1,+ verb.contact:dig,+ ] creating_by_removal,@ (the act of digging; "there's an interesting excavation going on near Princeton") }
{ [ carving1, verb.contact:carve1,+ ] [ cutting5, verb.creation:cut11,+ ] creating_by_removal,@ (removing parts from hard material to create a desired pattern or shape) }
{ petroglyph, carving1,@ (a carving or line drawing on rock (especially one made by prehistoric people)) }
{ [ truncation1, verb.possession:truncate,+ ] carving1,@ (the replacement of an edge or solid angle (as in cutting a gemstone) by a plane (especially by a plane that is equally inclined to the adjacent faces)) }
{ [ drilling1, verb.contact:drill,+ ] boring1, creating_by_removal,@ (the act of drilling) }
{ [ gouge, verb.contact:gouge,+ ] creating_by_removal,@ (the act of gouging) }
{ [ puncture, verb.change:puncture3,+ verb.contact:puncture,+ ] activity,@ (the act of puncturing or perforating) }
{ centesis, puncture,@ noun.cognition:surgery,;c ((surgery) the act of puncturing a body cavity or organ with a hollow needle in order to draw out fluid) }
{ abdominocentesis, paracentesis, centesis,@ (centesis of the belly to remove fluid for diagnosis) }
{ amniocentesis, amnio, centesis,@ prenatal_diagnosis,@ noun.state:pregnancy,;c ((pregnancy) extraction by centesis of amniotic fluid from a pregnant woman (after the 15th week of pregnancy) to aid in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities) }
{ arthrocentesis, centesis,@ (removal of fluid from a joint by centesis) }
{ celiocentesis, centesis,@ (removal of fluid from the abdomen by centesis) }
{ lumbar_puncture, spinal_puncture, spinal_tap, centesis,@ (removal by centesis of fluid from the subarachnoid space of the lumbar region of the spinal cord for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes) }
{ thoracocentesis, thoracentesis, centesis,@ (removal of fluid from the chest by centesis for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes) }
{ fetoscopy, foetoscopy, prenatal_diagnosis,@ (prenatal diagnosis that allows direct observation of a fetus in the uterus and the withdrawal of fetal blood) }
{ [ perforation, verb.contact:perforate,+ ] puncture,@ (the act of punching a hole (especially a row of holes as for ease of separation)) }
{ [ prick, verb.contact:prick,+ ] [ pricking, verb.contact:prick,+ ] puncture,@ (the act of puncturing with a small point; "he gave the balloon a small prick") }
{ venipuncture, puncture,@ noun.cognition:medicine,;c ((medicine) puncture of a vein through the skin in order to withdraw blood for analysis or to start an intravenous drip or to inject medication or a radiopaque dye) }

{ film_editing, [ cutting3, verb.motion:cut1,+ verb.change:cut7,+ ] creating_by_removal,@ (the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film) }

{ [ search, verb.contact:search,+ ] [ hunt2, verb.contact:hunt3,+ ] [ hunting2, verb.contact:hunt3,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of looking thoroughly in order to find something or someone) }
{ [ exploration, verb.cognition:explore3,+ verb.cognition:explore2,+ ] search,@ (a careful systematic search) }
{ [ foraging, verb.possession:forage,+ ] [ forage, verb.possession:forage,+ ] search,@ (the act of searching for food and provisions) }
{ [ frisk, verb.contact:frisk,+ ] [ frisking, verb.contact:frisk,+ ] search,@ (the act of searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs; "he gave the suspect a quick frisk") }
{ strip_search, frisk,@ (searching someone for concealed weapons or illegal drugs by having them remove their clothes) }
{ looking, looking_for, search,@ (the act of searching visually) }
{ manhunt, search,@ (an organized search (by police) for a person (charged with a crime)) }
{ [ quest, verb.possession:quest,+ ] [ seeking, verb.contact:seek,+ ] search,@ (the act of searching for something; "a quest for diamonds") }
{ [ ransacking, verb.contact:ransack2,+ ] [ rummage, verb.contact:rummage,+ ] search,@ (a thorough search for something (often causing disorder or confusion); "he gave the attic a good rummage but couldn't find his skis") }
{ probe, exploration,@ (an exploratory action or expedition) }

{ [ use, verb.consumption:use1,+ verb.consumption:use2,+ ] [ usage, verb.consumption:use1,+ ] [ utilization, verb.consumption:utilize,+ ] [ utilisation, verb.consumption:utilise,+ ] [ employment1, verb.consumption:employ,+ ] [ exercise3, verb.social:exercise,+ verb.consumption:exercise,+ ] activity,@ (the act of using; "he warned against the use of narcotic drugs"; "skilled in the utilization of computers") }
{ [ play8, verb.social:play12,+ ] use,@ (utilization or exercise; "the play of the imagination") }
{ [ misuse, verb.change:misuse,+ verb.consumption:misuse,+ ] [ abuse1, verb.change:abuse,+ ] use,@ (improper or excessive use; "alcohol abuse"; "the abuse of public funds") }
{ substance_abuse, drug_abuse, [ habit1, verb.change:habituate,+ ] misuse,@ (excessive use of drugs) }
{ alcohol_abuse, alcoholic_abuse, alcoholism_abuse, substance_abuse,@ (excessive use of alcohol and alcoholic drinks) }
{ [ exploitation, verb.social:exploit,+ verb.consumption:exploit1,+ verb.consumption:exploit,+ ] [ development2, verb.change:develop4,+ ] use,@ (the act of making some area of land or water more profitable or productive or useful; "the development of Alaskan resources"; "the exploitation of copper deposits") }
{ land_development, exploitation,@ (making an area of land more useful) }
{ water_development, water_project, water_program, exploitation,@ (making an area of water more useful) }
{ [ recycling, verb.consumption:recycle,+ ] use,@ (the act of processing used or abandoned materials for use in creating new products) }
{ bottle_collection2, recycling,@ (collecting bottles for reuse) }
{ [ application2, verb.stative:apply1,+ verb.social:apply1,+ verb.consumption:apply,+ verb.communication:apply1,+ ] practical_application, use,@ (the act of bringing something to bear; using it for a particular purpose; "he advocated the application of statistics to the problem"; "a novel application of electronics to medical diagnosis") }
{ [ misapplication2, verb.consumption:misapply,+ ] application2,@ (wrong use or application) }
{ [ technology, adj.pert:technological,+ noun.person:technologist,+ ] application2,@ (the application of the knowledge and usage of tools (such as machines or utensils) and techniques to control one's environment; "the mastery of fire was a huge advance in human technology") }
{ [ engineering1, verb.cognition:engineer1,+ ] technology,@ profession,@ (the practical application of technical and scientific knowledge to commerce or industry) }
{ aeronautical_engineering, technology,@ (the activity of designing and constructing aircraft) }
{ automotive_technology, automotive_engineering, technology,@ (the activity of designing and constructing automobiles) }
{ chemical_engineering, technology,@ (the activity of applying chemistry to the solution of practical problems) }
{ communications_technology, technology,@ (the activity of designing and constructing and maintaining communication systems) }
{ digital_communications_technology, communications_technology,@ (the design and construction of communications technology that transmits information in digital form) }
{ computer_technology, technology,@ (the activity of designing and constructing and programming computers) }
{ [ high_technology, adj.all:high-tech,+ ] high_tech, technology,@ (highly advanced technological development (especially in electronics)) }
{ rail_technology, [ railroading, verb.possession:railroad,+ verb.motion:railroad,+ ] technology,@ (the activity of designing and constructing and operating railroads) }
{ magnetic_levitation, maglev, rail_technology,@ (high-speed rail technology; train is suspended on a magnetic cushion above a magnetized track and so travels free of friction) }
{ [ overexploitation, verb.consumption:overexploit,+ ] [ overuse, verb.consumption:overuse,+ ] overutilization, overutilisation, exploitation,@ (exploitation to the point of diminishing returns) }
{ [ capitalization, verb.possession:capitalize,+ ] [ capitalisation, verb.possession:capitalise,+ ] exploitation,@ (the act of capitalizing on an opportunity) }
{ [ commercialization, verb.change:commercialize,+ ] [ commercialisation, verb.change:commercialise,+ ] exploitation,@ (the act of commercializing something; involving something in commerce; "my father considered the commercialization of Christmas to be a sacrilege"; "the government tried to accelerate the commercialization of this development"; "both companies will retain control over the commercialization of their own products") }
{ [ capitalization3, verb.cognition:capitalize1,+ ] [ capitalisation3, verb.cognition:capitalise1,+ ] estimate1,@ (an estimation of the value of a business) }
{ market_capitalization, market_capitalisation, capitalization3,@ (an estimation of the value of a business that is obtained by multiplying the number of shares outstanding by the current price of a share) }
{ [ electrification1, verb.change:electrify1,+ verb.change:electrify,+ ] exploitation,@ (the act of providing electricity; "the electrification of rural Tennessee") }
{ unitization1, unitisation1, exploitation,@ (the joint development of a petroleum resource that straddles territory controlled by different companies) }

{ military_action, action3, group_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military engagement; "he saw action in Korea") }
{ limited_war, war,@ (a war whose objective is less than the unconditional defeat of the enemy) }
{ psychological_warfare, war_of_nerves, war,@ (the use of psychological tactics to destroy the opponents' morale) }
{ [ battle, verb.competition:battle,+ ] conflict1, [ fight1, verb.competition:fight,+ ] [ engagement1, verb.social:engage12,+ ] military_action,@ war,#p noun.group:military,;c (a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war; "Grant won a decisive victory in the battle of Chickamauga"; "he lost his romantic ideas about war when he got into a real engagement") }
{ [ blockade, verb.competition:blockade,+ ] [ encirclement, verb.contact:encircle12,+ ] military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (a war measure that isolates some area of importance to the enemy) }
{ defense, defence, defensive_measure, military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies; "they died in the defense of Stalingrad"; "they were developed for the defense program") }
{ electronic_warfare, EW, military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (military action involving the use of electromagnetic energy to determine or exploit or reduce or prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrum) }
{ [ operation2, verb.competition:operate,+ ] military_operation, activity,@ noun.group:military,;c (activity by a military or naval force (as a maneuver or campaign); "it was a joint operation of the navy and air force") }
{ combined_operation, operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military operation carried out cooperatively by two or more allied nations or a military operation carried out by coordination of sea, land, and air forces) }
{ police_action, military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (a local military action without declaration of war; against violators of international peace and order) }
{ [ resistance1, verb.competition:resist,+ ] military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (the military action of resisting the enemy's advance; "the enemy offered little resistance") }
{ saber_rattling, sabre_rattling, military_action,@ (the ostentatious display of military power (with the implied threat that it might be used)) }
{ Armageddon, battle,@ (any catastrophically destructive battle; "they called the first World War an Armageddon") }
{ pitched_battle, battle,@ (a fierce battle fought in close combat between troops in predetermined positions at a chosen time and place) }
{ naval_battle, battle,@ (a pitched battle between naval fleets) }
{ conflict, [ struggle2, verb.competition:struggle,+ ] [ battle2, verb.competition:battle,+ ] group_action,@ (an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals); "the harder the conflict the more glorious the triumph"--Thomas Paine; "police tried to control the battle between the pro- and anti-abortion mobs") }
{ brush, clash, [ encounter, verb.competition:encounter,+ ] [ skirmish, verb.competition:skirmish,+ ] fight2,@ (a minor short-term fight) }
{ close-quarter_fighting, fight2,@ (hand-to-hand fighting at close quarters) }
{ contretemps, brush,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (an awkward clash; "he tried to smooth over his contretemps with the policeman") }
{ class_struggle, class_war, class_warfare, conflict,@ (conflict between social or economic classes (especially between the capitalist and proletariat classes)) }
{ [ maneuver2, verb.competition:maneuver,+ ] [ manoeuvre2, verb.competition:manoeuvre,+ ] simulated_military_operation, operation2,@ military_training,#p noun.group:military,;c (a military training exercise) }
{ air_defense, defense,@ (defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles or to nullify their effectiveness) }
{ active_air_defense, air_defense,@ (air defense by the use aircraft or missiles or artillery or electronic countermeasures) }
{ passive_air_defense, air_defense,@ (air defense by the use of deception or dispersion or protective construction) }
{ civil_defense, protection,@ (activities organized by civilians for their own protection in time of war or disaster) }
{ [ stand, verb.competition:stand,+ ] defense,@ (a defensive effort; "the army made a final stand at the Rhone") }
{ [ repulsion, verb.contact:repulse,+ verb.competition:repulse,+ ] standoff1, stand,@ (the act of repulsing or repelling an attack; a successful defensive stand) }
{ hasty_defense, hasty_defence, defense,@ (a defense organized while in contact with the enemy or when time is limited) }
{ deliberate_defense, deliberate_defence, defense,@ (a defense organized before contact is made with the enemy and while time for organization is available; usually includes a fortified zone (with pillboxes) and communication systems) }
{ biological_defense, biological_defence, biodefense, biodefence, defense,@ (procedures involved in taking defensive measures against attacks using biological agents) }
{ chemical_defense, chemical_defence, defense,@ (procedures involved in taking defensive measures against attacks using chemical agents) }
{ [ mining2, verb.competition:mine,+ ] minelaying, defense,@ (laying explosive mines in concealed places to destroy enemy personnel and equipment) }
{ [ rebellion, adj.all:disloyal^rebellious,+ adj.all:discontented^rebellious,+ verb.social:rebel,+ ] [ insurrection, adj.pert:insurrectional,+ adj.pert:insurrectionary,+ noun.person:insurrectionist,+ ] [ revolt, verb.social:revolt,+ ] [ rising, verb.social:rise,+ ] uprising, conflict,@ (organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another) }
{ civil_war, war,@ (a war between factions in the same country) }
{ [ revolution, adj.pert:revolutionary,+ noun.person:revolutionist,+ verb.social:revolt,+ verb.social:revolutionize,+ ] group_action,@ (the overthrow of a government by those who are governed) }
{ [ counterrevolution, adj.pert:counterrevolutionary,+ noun.person:counterrevolutionist,+ ] revolution,@ (a revolution whose aim is to reverse the changes introduced by a previous revolution) }
{ [ insurgency, adj.all:disloyal^insurgent,+ ] insurgence, rebellion,@ (an organized rebellion aimed at overthrowing a constituted government through the use of subversion and armed conflict) }
{ intifada, intifadah, rebellion,@ (an uprising by Palestinian Arabs (in both the Gaza Strip and the West Bank) against Israel in the late 1980s and again in 2000; "the first intifada ended when Israel granted limited autonomy to the Palestine National Authority in 1993") }
{ pacification1, [ counterinsurgency, adj.pert:counterinsurgent,+ ] conflict,@ (actions taken by a government to defeat insurgency) }
{ [ mutiny, noun.person:mutineer,+ adj.all:insubordinate^mutinous,+ verb.social:mutiny,+ ] rebellion,@ (open rebellion against constituted authority (especially by seamen or soldiers against their officers)) }
{ Peasant's_Revolt, Great_Revolt, rebellion,@i noun.location:England,;r (a widespread rebellion in 1381 against poll taxes and other inequities that oppressed the poorer people of England; suppressed by Richard II) }
{ [ combat, verb.competition:combat,+ ] armed_combat, battle,@ war,#p noun.group:military,;c (an engagement fought between two military forces) }
{ [ aggression, verb.competition:aggress,+ ] [ hostility, adj.all:aggressive^hostile,+ ] action2,@ (violent action that is hostile and usually unprovoked) }
{ [ hostilities1, adj.all:hostile2,+ ] [ belligerency, adj.all:unpeaceful^belligerent,+ ] combat,@ (fighting; acts of overt warfare; "the outbreak of hostilities") }
{ trench_warfare, combat,@ (a type of armed combat in which the opposing troops fight from trenches that face each other; "instead of the war ending quickly, it became bogged down in trench warfare") }
{ meat_grinder, aggression,@ (any action resulting in injury or destruction; "the meat grinder of politics destroyed his reputation"; "allied forces crumbled before the Wehrmacht meat grinder") }
{ [ violence1, adj.all:unnatural^violent,+ ] [ force1, verb.contact:force3,+ ] aggression,@ (an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists); "he may accomplish by craft in the long run what he cannot do by force and violence in the short one") }
{ domestic_violence, violence1,@ (violence or physical abuse directed toward your spouse or domestic partner or other members of a household) }
{ [ plundering, verb.possession:plunder1,+ verb.possession:plunder,+ verb.contact:plunder1,+ ] pillage, [ pillaging, verb.possession:pillage,+ ] aggression,@ (the act of stealing valuable things from a place; "the plundering of the Parthenon"; "his plundering of the great authors") }
{ banditry, plundering,@ (the practice of plundering in gangs) }
{ [ rape1, verb.contact:rape1,+ ] rapine, plundering,@ (the act of despoiling a country in warfare) }
{ [ rustling, verb.possession:rustle,+ ] larceny,@ (the stealing of cattle) }
{ [ looting, verb.possession:loot,+ ] robbery1, plundering,@ (plundering during riots or in wartime) }
{ [ defloration1, verb.contact:deflower,+ verb.change:deflower,+ ] damage,@ (an act that despoils the innocence or beauty of something) }
{ [ spoil, verb.contact:spoil,+ ] [ spoliation, verb.contact:spoil,+ ] [ spoilation, verb.contact:spoil,+ ] despoilation, [ despoilment, verb.possession:despoil,+ verb.contact:despoil,+ ] [ despoliation, verb.possession:despoil,+ verb.contact:despoil,+ ] plundering,@ (the act of stripping and taking by force) }
{ [ ravaging, verb.change:ravage1,+ ] [ devastation1, verb.change:devastate,+ ] plundering,@ (plundering with excessive damage and destruction) }
{ depredation, [ predation1, verb.consumption:predate,+ ] plundering,@ (an act of plundering and pillaging and marauding) }
{ [ sack1, verb.possession:sack,+ ] plundering,@ (the plundering of a place by an army or mob; usually involves destruction and slaughter; "the sack of Rome") }
{ chemical_warfare, chemical_operations, war,@ (warfare using chemical agents to kill or injure or incapacitate the enemy) }
{ biological_warfare, BW, biological_attack, biologic_attack, bioattack, war,@ (the use of bacteria or viruses or toxins to destroy men and animals or food) }
{ biological_warfare_defense, biological_warfare_defence, BW_defense, BW_defence, defense,@ (defense against biological warfare) }
{ [ campaign, verb.competition:campaign,+ ] military_campaign, operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c (several related operations aimed at achieving a particular goal (usually within geographical and temporal constraints)) }
{ [ expedition1, adj.all:military1^expeditionary,+ ] military_expedition, hostile_expedition, campaign,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country) }
{ [ Crusade1, verb.competition:crusade,+ ] expedition1,@ (any of the more or less continuous military expeditions in the 11th to 13th centuries when Christian powers of Europe tried to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims) }
{ First_Crusade, Crusade1,@i (a Crusade from 1096 to 1099; captured Jerusalem and created a theocracy there) }
{ Second_Crusade, Crusade1,@i (a Crusade from 1145 to 1147 that failed because of internal disagreements among the crusaders and led to the loss of Jerusalem in 1187) }
{ Third_Crusade, Crusade1,@i (a Crusade from 1189 to 1192 led by Richard I and the king of France that failed because an army torn by dissensions and fighting on foreign soil could not succeed against forces united by religious zeal) }
{ Fourth_Crusade, Crusade1,@i (a Crusade from 1202 to 1204 that was diverted into a battle for Constantinople and failed to recapture Jerusalem) }
{ Fifth_Crusade, Crusade1,@i (a Crusade under papal control from 1218 to 1221 that achieved military victories but failed when dissension arose over accepting the terms they had been offered) }
{ Sixth_Crusade, Crusade1,@i (a Crusade from 1228 to 1229 led by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II who fell ill and was excommunicated by the Pope; by negotiation Frederick II was able to crown himself king of Jerusalem) }
{ Seventh_Crusade, Crusade1,@i (a Crusade initiated in 1248 after the loss of Jerusalem in 1244 and defeated in 1249) }
{ naval_campaign, operation2,@ (an operation conducted primarily by naval forces in order to gain or extend or maintain control of the sea) }
{ mission1, military_mission, operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c (an operation that is assigned by a higher headquarters; "the planes were on a bombing mission") }
{ combat_mission, mission1,@ (a mission to capture or defend something) }
{ search_mission, mission1,@ (a mission to discover something) }
{ search_and_destroy_mission, mission1,@ (an operation developed for United States troops in Vietnam; troops would move through a designated area destroying troops as they found them) }
{ sortie, sally, military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military action in which besieged troops burst forth from their position) }
{ support3, [ reinforcement1, verb.change:reinforce,+ ] [ reenforcement, verb.change:reenforce,+ ] operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military operation (often involving new supplies of men and materiel) to strengthen a military force or aid in the performance of its mission; "they called for artillery support") }
{ [ dogfight, verb.creation:dogfight,+ ] fight2,@ (a violent fight between dogs (sometimes organized illegally for entertainment and gambling)) }
{ close_support, support3,@ (close-in firing by one unit against an enemy engaged by another unit) }
{ direct_support, mission1,@ (a mission requiring one force to support another specific force and authorizing it to answer directly the supported force's request for assistance) }
{ amphibious_demonstration, amphibious_operation,@ (an amphibious operation conducted for the purpose of deceiving the enemy and leading him into a course of action unfavorable to him) }
{ diversionary_landing, diversion2,@ (an amphibious diversionary attack) }
{ [ attack, verb.competition:attack1,+ verb.competition:attack,+ ] onslaught, onset1, onrush, operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons); "the attack began at dawn") }
{ [ war, verb.competition:war,+ ] warfare, military_action,@ noun.group:military,;c (the waging of armed conflict against an enemy; "thousands of people were killed in the war") }
{ air_raid, air_attack, foray,@ (an attack by armed planes on a surface target) }
{ [ dogfight1, noun.person:dogfighter,+ verb.competition:dogfight,+ ] battle,@ (an aerial engagement between fighter planes) }
{ ground_attack, attack,@ (an attack by ground troops) }
{ assault, fight1,@ attack,#p noun.group:military,;c (close fighting during the culmination of a military attack) }
{ [ storm, verb.competition:storm,+ verb.contact:storm,+ ] assault,@ (a direct and violent assault on a stronghold) }
{ [ charge1, verb.competition:charge,+ ] attack,@ (an impetuous rush toward someone or something; "the wrestler's charge carried him past his adversary"; "the battle began with a cavalry charge") }
{ countercharge, charge1,@ (a retaliatory charge) }
{ banzai_attack, banzai_charge, attack,@ (a mass attack of troops without concern for casualties; originated by Japanese who accompanied it with yells of `banzai') }
{ diversion2, diversionary_attack, attack,@ (an attack calculated to draw enemy defense away from the point of the principal attack) }
{ penetration, incursion, attack,@ (an attack that penetrates into enemy territory) }
{ [ interpenetration1, verb.contact:interpenetrate,+ ] penetration,@ (the action of penetrating between or among) }
{ [ blitz, verb.competition:blitz,+ ] blitzkrieg, attack,@ noun.group:military,;c (a swift and violent military offensive with intensive aerial bombardment) }
{ [ breakthrough1, verb.change:break_through,+ ] penetration,@ (a penetration of a barrier such as an enemy's defense) }
{ safety_blitz, linebacker_blitzing, blitz2, maneuver3,@ American_football,;c ((American football) defensive players try to break through the offensive line) }
{ mousetrap, trap_play, maneuver3,@ American_football,;c ((American football) a play in which a defensive player is allowed to cross the line of scrimmage and then blocked off as the runner goes through the place the lineman vacated) }
{ [ invasion, verb.competition:invade,+ ] penetration,@ (the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder) }
{ [ infiltration, verb.social:infiltrate,+ verb.motion:infiltrate,+ ] penetration,@ noun.group:military,;c (a process in which individuals (or small groups) penetrate an area (especially the military penetration of enemy positions without detection)) }
{ [ foray, verb.contact:foray,+ ] [ raid, verb.social:raid,+ ] [ maraud, verb.motion:maraud,+ ] penetration,@ (a sudden short attack) }
{ inroad, invasion,@ (an invasion or hostile attack) }
{ [ swoop1, verb.contact:swoop,+ ] foray,@ (a very rapid raid) }
{ [ strike2, verb.competition:strike,+ ] attack,@ (an attack that is intended to seize or inflict damage on or destroy an objective; "the strike was scheduled to begin at dawn") }
{ first_strike, strike2,@ (the initial use of nuclear weapons to attack a country that also has nuclear weapons; considered feasible only when the attacker can destroy the other country's ability to retaliate; "the Pakistani president promised no first strike against India") }
{ surgical_strike, strike2,@ (an attack (usually without prior warning) intended to deal only with a specific target) }
{ preventive_strike, preventive_attack, strike2,@ (a strike that is carried out in order to deter expected aggression by hostile forces) }
{ [ counterattack, verb.competition:counterattack,+ ] countermove, attack,@ (an attack by a defending force against an attacking enemy force in order to regain lost ground or cut off enemy advance units etc.) }
{ [ bombing, verb.competition:bomb,+ ] [ bombardment1, verb.competition:bombard,+ ] attack,@ (an attack by dropping bombs) }
{ bombardment2, radiation,@ (the act (or an instance) of subjecting a body or substance to the impact of high-energy particles (as electrons or alpha rays)) }
{ bombing_run, bombing,@ (that part of the flight that begins with the approach to the target; includes target acquisition and ends with the release of the bombs) }
{ [ carpet_bombing, verb.competition:carpet_bomb,+ ] area_bombing, saturation_bombing, bombing,@ (an extensive and systematic bombing intended to devastate a large target) }
{ [ dive-bombing, verb.competition:dive-bomb,+ ] bombing_run,@ (a bombing run in which the bomber releases the bomb while flying straight toward the target) }
{ loft_bombing, toss_bombing, bombing_run,@ (a bombing run in which the bomber approaches the target at a low altitude and pulls up just before releasing the bomb) }
{ over-the-shoulder_bombing, loft_bombing,@ (a special case of loft bombing in which the bomb is released past the vertical so it is tossed back to the target) }
{ bombing1, sabotage,@ terrorism,;c (the use of bombs for sabotage; a tactic frequently used by terrorists) }
{ suicide_bombing, bombing1,@ (a terrorist bombing carried out by someone who does not hope to survive it) } 
{ offense, offence, offensive, operation2,@ (the action of attacking an enemy) }
{ counteroffensive, offense,@ (a large scale offensive (more than a counterattack) undertaken by a defending force to seize the initiative from an attacking force) }
{ dirty_war, offense,@ terrorism,;c (an offensive conducted by secret police or the military of a regime against revolutionary and terrorist insurgents and marked by the use of kidnapping and torture and murder with civilians often being the victims; "thousands of people disappeared and were killed during Argentina's dirty war in the late 1970s") }
{ rollback, [ push_back, verb.contact:push_back,+ ] offense,@ (the act of forcing the enemy to withdraw) }
{ peacekeeping, peacekeeping_mission, peacekeeping_operation, operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c (the activity of keeping the peace by military forces (especially when international military forces enforce a truce between hostile groups or nations)) }
{ amphibious_operation, operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military operation by both land and sea forces) }
{ amphibious_assault, amphibious_operation,@ (an amphibious operation attacking a land base that is carried out by troops that are landed by naval ships) }
{ information_gathering, operation2,@ (the act of collecting information) }
{ intelligence, intelligence_activity, intelligence_operation, information_gathering,@ (the operation of gathering information about an enemy) }
{ current_intelligence, intelligence,@ (intelligence of all types and forms of immediate interest; usually disseminated without delays for evaluation or interpretation) }
{ tactical_intelligence, combat_intelligence, intelligence,@ (intelligence that is required for the planning and conduct of tactical operations) }
{ terrain_intelligence, tactical_intelligence,@ (tactical intelligence on the natural and man-made characteristics of an area) }
{ strategic_intelligence, intelligence,@ (intelligence that is required for forming policy and military plans at national and international levels) }
{ signals_intelligence, SIGINT, intelligence,@ (intelligence information gathered from communications intelligence or electronics intelligence or telemetry intelligence) }
{ electronics_intelligence, ELINT, signals_intelligence,@ (intelligence derived from electromagnetic radiations from foreign sources (other than radioactive sources)) }
{ communications_intelligence, COMINT, signals_intelligence,@ (technical and intelligence information derived from foreign communications by other than the intended recipients) }
{ telemetry_intelligence, TELINT, signals_intelligence,@ (intelligence derived from the interception and processing and analysis of foreign telemetry) }
{ clandestine_operation, intelligence,@ (an intelligence operation so planned and executed as to insure concealment) }
{ exfiltration_operation, clandestine_operation,@ (a clandestine rescue operation to bring a defector or refugee or an operative and family out of danger) }
{ psychological_operation, psyop, operation2,@ noun.group:military,;c (military actions designed to influence the perceptions and attitudes of individuals, groups, and foreign governments) }
{ covert_operation, operation2,@ (an intelligence operation so planned as to permit plausible denial by the sponsor) }
{ black_operation, covert_operation,@ (a covert operation not attributable to the organization carrying it out) }
{ overt_operation, intelligence,@ (the collection of intelligence openly without concealment) }
{ [ reconnaissance1, verb.perception:reconnoitre,+ verb.perception:reconnoiter,+ ] reconnaissance_mission, intelligence,@ (the act of reconnoitring (especially to gain information about an enemy or potential enemy); "an exchange of fire occurred on a reconnaissance mission") }
{ recce, recco, reccy, reconnaissance1,@ (reconnaissance (by shortening)) }
{ [ scouting, verb.perception:scout,+ ] exploratory_survey, [ reconnoitering, verb.perception:reconnoiter,+ ] [ reconnoitring, verb.perception:reconnoitre,+ ] reconnaissance1,@ (exploring in order to gain information; "scouting in enemy territory is very dangerous") }
{ air_reconnaissance, reconnaissance1,@ (reconnaissance either by visual observation from the air or through the use of airborne sensors) }
{ reconnaissance_by_fire, reconnaissance1,@ (a method of reconnaissance in which fire is placed on a suspected enemy position in order to cause the enemy to disclose his presence by moving or returning fire) }
{ reconnaissance_in_force, reconnaissance1,@ (an offensive operation designed to discover or test the enemy's strength (or to obtain other information)) }
{ shufti, reconnaissance1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a quick look around (originally military slang); "take a shufti while you're out there") }
{ electronic_reconnaissance, reconnaissance1,@ (the detection and identification and evaluation and location of foreign electromagnetic radiations (other than radioactive)) }
{ counterintelligence, intelligence,@ terrorism,;c (intelligence activities concerned with identifying and counteracting the threat to security posed by hostile intelligence organizations or by individuals engaged in espionage or sabotage or subversion or terrorism) }
{ countersubversion, counterintelligence,@ (the aspect of counterintelligence designed to detect and prevent subversive activities) }
{ counter-sabotage, counterintelligence,@ (counterintelligence designed to detect and counteract sabotage) }
{ [ fire, verb.competition:fire2,+ verb.competition:fire,+ verb.competition:fire1,+ ] [ firing3, verb.competition:fire1,+ ] attack,@ (the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy; "hold your fire until you can see the whites of their eyes"; "they retreated in the face of withering enemy fire") }
{ antiaircraft_fire, fire,@ (firing at enemy aircraft) }
{ barrage, barrage_fire, battery1, bombardment, [ shelling, verb.competition:shell,+ ] fire,@ (the heavy fire of artillery to saturate an area rather than hit a specific target; "they laid down a barrage in front of the advancing troops"; "the shelling went on for hours without pausing") }
{ broadside, fire,@ noun.group:navy,;c (the simultaneous firing of all the armament on one side of a warship) }
{ [ fusillade, verb.competition:fusillade,+ ] salvo, [ volley, verb.contact:volley,+ verb.motion:volley1,+ ] burst1, fire,@ (rapid simultaneous discharge of firearms; "our fusillade from the left flank caught them by surprise") }
{ call_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered on a specific target in response to a request from the supported unit) }
{ close_supporting_fire, supporting_fire,@ (fire on enemy troops or weapons or positions that are near the supported unit and are the most immediate and serious threat to it) }
{ [ cover1, verb.competition:cover1,+ ] covering_fire, fire,@ (fire that makes it difficult for the enemy to fire on your own individuals or formations; "artillery provided covering fire for the withdrawal") }
{ deep_supporting_fire, supporting_fire,@ (fire on objectives not in the immediate vicinity of your forces but with the objective of destroying enemy reserves and weapons and interfering with the enemy command and supply and communications) }
{ direct_supporting_fire, supporting_fire,@ (fire delivered in support of part of a force (as opposed to general supporting fire delivered in support of the force as a whole)) }
{ concentrated_fire, massed_fire, fire,@ (fire from two or more weapons directed at a single target or area (as fire by batteries of two or more warships)) }
{ counterfire, fire,@ (fire intended to neutralize or destroy enemy weapons) }
{ counterbattery_fire, counterfire,@ (fire delivered to neutralize or destroy indirect fire weapon systems) }
{ counterbombardment, counterfire,@ (bombardment intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons) }
{ countermortar_fire, counterfire,@ (mortar fire intended to destroy or neutralize enemy weapons) }
{ counterpreparation_fire, fire,@ (intensive prearranged fire delivered when the immanence of enemy attack is discovered) }
{ crossfire, fire,@ (fire from two or more points so that the lines of fire cross) }
{ destruction_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered for the sole purpose of destroying material objects) }
{ direct_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered on a target that is visible to the person aiming it) }
{ distributed_fire, fire,@ (fire dispersed so as to engage effectively an area target) }
{ friendly_fire, fratricide1, fire,@ (fire that injures or kills an ally) }
{ hostile_fire, fire,@ (fire that injures or kills an enemy) }
{ grazing_fire, fire,@ (fire approximately parallel to the ground; the center of the cone of fire does rise above 1 meter from the ground) }
{ harassing_fire, fire,@ (fire designed to disturb the rest of enemy troops and to curtail movement and to lower enemy morale) }
{ indirect_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered on a target that is not itself used as the point of aim for the weapons) }
{ interdiction_fire, fire,@ (fire directed to an area to prevent the enemy from using that area) }
{ neutralization_fire, fire,@ (fire that is delivered in order to render the target ineffective or unusable) }
{ observed_fire, fire,@ (fire for which the point of impact (the burst) can be seen by an observer; fire can be adjusted on the basis of the observations) }
{ preparation_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered on a target in preparation for an assault) }
{ radar_fire, fire,@ (gunfire aimed a target that is being tracked by radar) }
{ [ dating, verb.cognition:date,+ ] geological_dating, chemical_analysis,@ (use of chemical analysis to estimate the age of geological specimens) }
{ potassium-argon_dating, dating,@ (geological dating that relies on the proportions of radioactive potassium in a rock sample and its decay product, argon) }
{ radiocarbon_dating, carbon_dating, carbon-14_dating, dating,@ (a chemical analysis used to determine the age of organic materials based on their content of the radioisotope carbon 14; believed to be reliable up to 40,000 years) }
{ rubidium-strontium_dating, dating,@ (geological dating based on the proportions of radioactive rubidium into its decay product strontium; radioactive rubidium has a half-life of 47,000,000,000 years) }
{ registration_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered to obtain accurate data for subsequent effective engagement of targets) }
{ scheduled_fire, fire,@ (prearranged fire delivered at a predetermined time) }
{ [ scouring1, verb.contact:scour3,+ ] search,@ (moving over territory to search for something; "scouring the entire area revealed nothing") }
{ searching_fire, fire,@ (fire distributed in depth by successive changes in the elevation of the gun) }
{ shakedown1, search,@ noun.communication:slang,;u (a very thorough search of a person or a place; "a shakedown by the police uncovered the drugs") }
{ supporting_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered by supporting units to protect or assist a unit in combat) }
{ suppressive_fire, fire,@ (fire on or about a weapon system to degrade its performance below what is needed to fulfill its mission objectives) }
{ unobserved_fire, fire,@ (fire for which the point of impact (the bursts) cannot be observed) }
{ artillery_fire, cannon_fire, fire,@ (fire delivered by artillery) }
{ [ cannonade, verb.competition:cannonade,+ ] drumfire, artillery_fire,@ (intense and continuous artillery fire) }
{ high-angle_fire, artillery_fire,@ (fire from a cannon that is fired at an elevation greater than that for the maximum range) }
{ mortar_fire, artillery_fire,@ (artillery fire delivered by a mortar) }
{ zone_fire, artillery_fire,@ (artillery or mortar fire delivered in a constant direction at several quadrant elevations) }
{ electronic_countermeasures, ECM, electronic_warfare,@ (electronic warfare undertaken to prevent or reduce an enemy's effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum) }
{ electronic_counter-countermeasures, ECCM, electronic_warfare,@ (electronic warfare undertaken to insure effective friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum in spite of the enemy's use of electronic warfare) }
{ electronic_warfare-support_measures, ESM, electronic_warfare,@ (electronic warfare undertaken under direct control of an operational commander to locate sources of radiated electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediate threat recognition) }
{ electromagnetic_intrusion, electronic_warfare,@ (the deliberate insertion of electromagnetic energy into transmission paths with the objective of confusing or deceiving operators) }
{ germ_warfare, bacteriological_warfare, biological_warfare,@ (the use of harmful bacteria as a weapon) }
{ information_warfare, IW, war,@ (the use of information or information technology during a time of crisis or conflict to achieve or promote specific objectives over a specific adversary or adversaries; "not everyone agrees that information warfare is limited to the realm of traditional warfare") }
{ [ jihad, noun.person:jihadist,+ ] jehad, striving,@ (a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal) }
{ world_war, war,@ (a war in which the major nations of the world are involved) }

{ [ measurement, verb.cognition:measure,+ verb.change:measure,+ ] [ measuring, verb.cognition:measure,+ ] [ measure, verb.cognition:measure1,+ verb.stative:measure,+ verb.change:measure,+ verb.cognition:measure,+ ] [ mensuration, verb.cognition:mensurate,+ ] activity,@ (the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule; "the measurements were carefully done"; "his mental measurings proved remarkably accurate") }
{ [ actinometry, adj.pert:actinometric,+ ] measurement,@ (measuring the intensity of electromagnetic radiation (especially of the sun's rays)) }
{ [ algometry, adj.pert:algometric,+ adj.pert:algometrical,+ ] measurement,@ (measuring sensitivity to pain or pressure) }
{ anemography, measurement,@ (recording anemometrical measurements) }
{ anemometry, measurement,@ (measuring wind speed and direction) }
{ angulation1, measurement,@ (the precise measurement of angles) }
{ [ anthropometry, adj.pert:anthropometric,+ adj.pert:anthropometrical,+ ] measurement,@ (measurement and study of the human body and its parts and capacities) }
{ arterial_blood_gases, measurement,@ (measurement of the pH level and the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in arterial blood; important in diagnosis of many respiratory diseases) }
{ [ audiometry, adj.pert:audiometric,+ ] measurement,@ (measuring sensitivity of hearing) }
{ [ bathymetry, adj.pert:bathymetric,+ adj.pert:bathymetrical,+ ] [ plumbing, verb.cognition:plumb,+ ] measurement,@ (measuring the depths of the oceans) }
{ [ calibration, verb.contact:calibrate2,+ verb.change:calibrate,+ ] [ standardization, verb.change:standardize,+ ] [ standardisation, verb.cognition:standardise,+ ] activity,@ (the act of checking or adjusting (by comparison with a standard) the accuracy of a measuring instrument; "the thermometer needed calibration") }
{ [ tuning, verb.change:tune1,+ verb.change:tune,+ ] calibration,@ noun.communication:music,;c ((music) calibrating something (an instrument or electronic circuit) to a standard frequency) }
{ [ adjustment1, verb.change:adjust,+ ] [ registration1, verb.communication:register,+ ] readjustment1, calibration,@ (the act of adjusting something to match a standard) }
{ [ alignment, verb.stative:align,+ verb.change:align1,+ ] adjustment1,@ (the act of adjusting or aligning the parts of a device in relation to each other) }
{ [ collimation, verb.change:collimate,+ ] adjustment1,@ (the accurate adjustment of the line of sight of a telescope) }
{ temperament, adjustment1,@ (an adjustment of the intervals (as in tuning a keyboard instrument) so that the scale can be used to play in different keys) }
{ equal_temperament, temperament,@ (the division of the scale based on an octave that is divided into twelve exactly equal semitones; "equal temperament is the system commonly used in keyboard instruments") }
{ tune, adjustment,@ (the adjustment of a radio receiver or other circuit to a required frequency) }
{ [ tune-up, verb.change:tune_up1,+ ] adjustment1,@ (adjustments made to an engine to improve its performance) }
{ [ synchronization1, verb.change:synchronize,+ ] [ synchronisation1, verb.change:synchronise,+ ] [ synchronizing1, verb.change:synchronize,+ ] [ synchronising1, verb.change:synchronise,+ ] adjustment1,@ (an adjustment that causes something to occur or recur in unison) }
{ camber, alignment,@ (the alignment of the wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the bottom than at the top) }
{ toe-in, alignment,@ (the alignment of the front wheels of a motor vehicle closer together at the front than at the back) }
{ voicing, adjustment1,@ (the act of adjusting an organ pipe (or wind instrument) so that it conforms to the standards of tone and pitch and color) }
{ [ calorimetry, adj.pert:calorimetric,+ ] measurement,@ (measurement of quantities of heat) }
{ cephalometry, measurement,@ (measurement of human heads) }
{ densitometry, measurement,@ (measuring the optical density of a substance by shining light on it and measuring its transmission) }
{ dosimetry, measurement,@ (measuring the dose of radiation emitted by a radioactive source) }
{ fetometry, foetometry, measurement,@ (measurement of a fetus (especially the diameter of the head)) }
{ [ hydrometry, adj.pert:hydrometric,+ ] [ gravimetry, adj.pert:gravimetric,+ ] measurement,@ (the measurement of specific gravity) }
{ hypsometry, hypsography, measurement,@ (measurement of the elevation of land above sea level) }
{ mental_measurement, measurement,@ (a generic term used to cover any application of measurement techniques to the quantification of mental functions) }
{ micrometry, measurement,@ (measuring with a micrometer) }
{ [ observation1, verb.perception:observe2,+ verb.cognition:observe,+ ] measurement,@ (the act of making and recording a measurement) }
{ pelvimetry, measurement,@ (measurement of the dimensions of the bony birth canal (to determine whether vaginal birth is possible)) }
{ [ photometry, adj.pert:photometrical,+ ] measurement,@ (measurement of the properties of light (especially luminous intensity)) }
{ cytophotometry, photometry,@ (the study of chemical compounds inside a cell by means of a cytophotometer) }
{ [ quantification, verb.change:quantify,+ ] measurement,@ (the act of discovering or expressing the quantity of something) }
{ [ gradation, adj.all:gradual1^gradational,+ verb.contact:gradate,+ verb.cognition:grade5,+ verb.cognition:grade3,+ verb.cognition:grade,+ ] graduation, quantification,@ (the act of arranging in grades) }
{ shading, blending, gradation,@ (a gradation involving small or imperceptible differences between grades) }
{ [ divergence, adj.all:divergent,+ verb.motion:diverge,+ ] [ divergency, adj.all:different^divergent,+ adj.all:divergent,+ verb.stative:diverge,+ verb.motion:diverge,+ ] separation1,@ (the act of moving away in different direction from a common point; "an angle is formed by the divergence of two straight lines") }
{ radioactive_dating, measurement,@ (measurement of the amount of radioactive material (usually carbon 14) that an object contains; can be used to estimate the age of the object) }
{ [ reading2, verb.communication:read2,+ ] meter_reading, measurement,@ (the act of measuring with meters or similar instruments; "he has a job meter reading for the gas company") }
{ sampling1, measurement,@ noun.communication:telecommunication,;c (measurement at regular intervals of the amplitude of a varying waveform (in order to convert it to digital form)) }
{ [ sounding, verb.change:sound,+ ] measurement,@ (the act of measuring depth of water (usually with a sounding line)) }
{ sound_ranging, measurement,@ (locating a source of sound (as an enemy gun) by measurements of the time the sound arrives at microphones in known positions) }
{ [ scaling1, verb.stative:scale,+ verb.change:scale1,+ verb.change:scale,+ ] measurement,@ (act of measuring or arranging or adjusting according to a scale) }
{ spirometry, measurement,@ (the use of a spirometer to measure vital capacity) }
{ [ surveying, verb.cognition:survey1,+ ] measurement,@ (the practice of measuring angles and distances on the ground so that they can be accurately plotted on a map; "he studied surveying at college") }
{ [ scalage, verb.stative:scale,+ verb.change:scale1,+ ] scaling1,@ (the act of scaling in weight or quantity or dimension) }
{ scalage1, noun.cognition:estimate,@ (estimation of the amount of lumber in a log) }
{ electromyography, diagnostic_procedure,@ (diagnosis of neuromuscular disorders with the use of an electromyograph) }
{ mammography, diagnostic_procedure,@ (a diagnostic procedure to detect breast tumors by the use of X rays) }
{ thermography, diagnostic_procedure,@ (diagnostic technique using a thermograph to record the heat produced by different parts of the body; used to study blood flow and to detect tumors) }
{ mammothermography, thermography,@ (the use of thermography to detect breast tumors (which appear as hot spots)) }
{ [ test2, verb.cognition:test6,+ verb.competition:test,+ verb.communication:test,+ ] mental_test, mental_testing, psychometric_test, mental_measurement,@ (any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students") }
{ intelligence_test, IQ_test, test2,@ (a psychometric test of intelligence; "they used to think that intelligence is what an intelligence test tests") }
{ Stanford-Binet_test, intelligence_test,@ (revision of the Binet-Simon Scale) }
{ Binet-Simon_Scale, intelligence_test,@ (the first intelligence test) }
{ personality_test, test2,@ (any test that is intended to assess personality) }
{ projective_test, projective_device, projective_technique, personality_test,@ (any personality test designed to yield information about someone's personality on the basis of their unrestricted response to ambiguous objects or situations) }
{ Rorschach, Rorschach_test, inkblot_test, projective_test,@ (a projective tests using bilaterally symmetrical inkblots; subjects state what they see in the inkblot) }
{ Thematic_Apperception_Test, TAT, projective_test,@ (a projective technique using black-and-white pictures; subjects tell a story about each picture) }
{ sub-test, test2,@ noun.group:battery1,#m (one of a battery of related tests) }
{ [ organization1, verb.social:organize,+ verb.cognition:organize,+ verb.change:organize,+ ] [ organisation1, verb.cognition:organise,+ verb.social:organise,+ verb.change:organise,+ ] activity,@ (the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically; "his organization of the work force was very efficient") }
{ [ orchestration2, verb.cognition:orchestrate,+ ] arrangement1,@ (an arrangement of events that attempts to achieve a maximum effect; "the skillful orchestration of his political campaign") }
{ [ randomization, verb.change:randomize,+ ] [ randomisation, verb.change:randomise,+ ] organization1,@ (a deliberately haphazard arrangement of observations so as to simulate chance) }
{ [ systematization, verb.change:systematize,+ ] [ systematisation, verb.change:systematise,+ ] [ rationalization, verb.cognition:rationalize,+ ] [ rationalisation, verb.cognition:rationalise,+ ] organization1,@ (systematic organization; the act of organizing something according to a system or a rationale) }
{ [ codification, verb.change:codify1,+ ] systematization,@ (the act of codifying; arranging in a systematic order) }
{ [ formalization, verb.social:formalize1,+ verb.social:formalize,+ ] [ formalisation, verb.social:formalise1,+ verb.social:formalise,+ ] systematization,@ (the act of making formal (as by stating formal rules governing classes of expressions)) }
{ [ order, verb.change:order1,+ verb.change:order,+ verb.communication:order,+ ] [ ordering, verb.cognition:order,+ verb.change:order1,+ verb.change:order,+ ] organization1,@ (the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement; "there were mistakes in the ordering of items on the list") }
{ rank_order, order,@ (an arrangement according to rank) }
{ scaling2, [ grading, verb.cognition:grade3,+ ] order,@ (the act of arranging in a graduated series) }
{ [ succession, verb.social:succeed1,+ ] [ sequence, adj.all:ordered^sequential,+ verb.cognition:sequence,+ ] order,@ (the action of following in order; "he played the trumps in sequence") }
{ [ alternation, verb.change:alternate1,+ verb.change:alternate,+ ] succession,@ (successive change from one thing or state to another and back again; "a trill is a rapid alternation between the two notes") }
{ [ layout, verb.cognition:lay_out,+ ] order,@ (the act of laying out (as by making plans for something)) }
{ [ alphabetization, verb.change:alphabetize,+ ] alphabetisation, order,@ (the act of putting in alphabetical order) }
{ [ listing, verb.social:list,+ verb.communication:list1,+ verb.communication:list,+ ] [ itemization, verb.communication:itemize1,+ verb.communication:itemize,+ ] [ itemisation, verb.communication:itemise1,+ verb.communication:itemise,+ ] organization1,@ (the act of making a list of items) }
{ inventory, [ inventorying, verb.social:inventory,+ ] stocktaking, stock-taking, listing,@ (making an itemized list of merchandise or supplies on hand; "an inventory may be necessary to see if anything is missing"; "they held an inventory every month") }
{ stocktake, stock-take, inventory,@ (an instance of stocktaking; "the auditor did not attend the stocktake or check the valuations") }
{ roll_call, noun.communication:utterance,@ (calling out an official list of names) }
{ mail_call, roll_call,@ (a call of names of those receiving mail) }
{ muster_call, roll_call,@ noun.group:military,;c (a call of the names of personnel at a military assembly) }
{ attendance_check, roll_call,@ (a call of students' names in a classroom) }
{ [ grouping, verb.competition:group,+ verb.cognition:group,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of putting things together in groups) }
{ phrasing, grouping,@ (the grouping of musical phrases in a melodic line) }
{ [ categorization, verb.cognition:categorize,+ ] categorisation, [ classification, verb.cognition:classify1,+ verb.cognition:classify,+ ] [ compartmentalization, verb.change:compartmentalize,+ ] [ compartmentalisation, verb.change:compartmentalise,+ ] [ assortment, verb.cognition:assort,+ ] grouping,@ (the act of distributing things into classes or categories of the same type) }
{ [ indexing, verb.possession:index,+ ] categorization,@ (the act of classifying and providing an index in order to make items easier to retrieve) }
{ reclassification, classification,@ (classifying something again (usually in a new category)) }
{ [ relegation2, verb.social:relegate,+ verb.cognition:relegate2,+ ] categorization,@ (the act of assigning (someone or something) to a particular class or category) }
{ [ stratification, verb.social:stratify1,+ verb.social:stratify,+ ] classification,@ (the act or process or arranging persons into classes or social strata) }
{ [ taxonomy, noun.person:taxonomist,+ adj.pert:taxonomic,+ adj.pert:taxonomical,+ ] classification,@ (practice of classifying plants and animals according to their presumed natural relationships) }
{ typology, categorization,@ (classification according to general type) }
{ [ collection, verb.possession:collect,+ verb.contact:collect1,+ verb.contact:collect,+ ] [ collecting, verb.possession:collect,+ verb.contact:collect1,+ verb.contact:collect,+ ] assembling, aggregation, grouping,@ (the act of gathering something together) }
{ agglomeration, collection,@ (the act of collecting in a mass; the act of agglomerating) }
{ [ collation2, verb.contact:collate,+ ] collection,@ (assembling in proper numerical or logical sequence) }
{ [ compilation, verb.possession:compile,+ verb.creation:compile1,+ verb.creation:compile,+ ] [ compiling, verb.creation:compile,+ ] collection,@ (the act of compiling (as into a single book or file or list); "the job of compiling the inventory took several hours") }
{ [ gather, verb.contact:gather4,+ verb.contact:gather,+ ] [ gathering1, verb.change:gather,+ ] collection,@ (the act of gathering something) }
{ [ centralization1, verb.change:centralize,+ ] [ centralisation1, verb.change:centralise,+ ] gathering1,@ (gathering to a center) }
{ [ harvest1, verb.contact:harvest,+ ] [ harvesting, verb.contact:harvest,+ ] harvest_home, gathering1,@ (the gathering of a ripened crop) }
{ haying1, harvest1,@ (the harvesting of hay) }
{ bottle_collection1, collection,@ (the activity of collecting bottles; "bottle collection is a hobby of hers") }
{ [ conchology, noun.person:conchologist,+ ] shell_collecting, collection,@ noun.cognition:malacology,@ (the collection and study of mollusc shells) }
{ garbage_collection, garbage_pickup, trash_collection, trash_pickup, pickup,@ (the collection and removal of garbage) }
{ [ numismatics, noun.person:numismatist,+ ] [ numismatology, noun.person:numismatologist,+ ] coin_collecting, coin_collection, collection,@ (the collection and study of money (and coins in particular)) }
{ [ pickup, verb.possession:pick_up,+ ] collection,@ (the act or process of picking up or collecting from various places; "garbage pickup is on Mondays and Thursdays") }
{ [ philately, noun.person:philatelist,+ adj.pert:philatelic,+ adj.pert:philatelical,+ ] stamp_collecting, stamp_collection, collection,@ (the collection and study of postage stamps) }
{ [ aerophilately, adj.pert:aerophilatelic,+ ] philately,@ (the collection and study of airmail stamps) }
{ tax_collection, collection,@ (the collection of taxes) }
{ [ sorting, verb.cognition:sort,+ ] grouping,@ (grouping by class or kind or size) }
{ [ territorialization, verb.social:territorialize,+ verb.change:territorialize1,+ ] [ territorialisation, verb.social:territorialise,+ verb.change:territorialise1,+ ] organization1,@ (the act of organizing as a territory) }
{ triage, sorting,@ (sorting and allocating aid on the basis of need for or likely benefit from medical treatment or food) }

{ [ support1, verb.contact:support,+ ] [ supporting, verb.contact:support,+ ] activity,@ (the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening; "he leaned against the wall for support")}
{ [ shoring, verb.contact:shore3,+ ] [ shoring_up, verb.contact:shore_up,+ ] propping_up, support1,@ (the act of propping up with shores) }
{ [ suspension, verb.contact:suspend,+ verb.change:suspend1,+ ] [ dangling, verb.contact:dangle,+ ] [ hanging1, verb.contact:hang6,+ ] support1,@ (the act of suspending something (hanging it from above so it moves freely); "there was a small ceremony for the hanging of the portrait") }

{ [ continuance, verb.stative:continue1,+ discontinuance,! ] [ continuation, verb.stative:continue12,+ verb.stative:continue11,+ verb.stative:continue1,+ verb.motion:continue,+ verb.communication:continue,+ discontinuation,! ] activity,@ (the act of continuing an activity without interruption) }
{ [ prolongation, verb.stative:prolong,+ verb.change:prolong,+ ] [ protraction, verb.change:protract,+ ] [ perpetuation, verb.stative:perpetuate,+ ] lengthening, continuance,@ (the act of prolonging something; "there was an indefinite prolongation of the peace talks") }
{ [ repetition, adj.all:repetitious,+ verb.creation:repeat,+ verb.communication:repeat,+ ] [ repeating, verb.creation:repeat,+ ] continuance,@ (the act of doing or performing again) }
{ echolalia, repetition,@ noun.cognition:psychiatry,;c ((psychiatry) mechanical and meaningless repetition of the words of another person (as in schizophrenia)) }
{ [ iteration, verb.communication:iterate,+ ] repetition,@ (doing or saying again; a repeated performance) }
{ [ redundancy, adj.all:unnecessary^redundant,+ ] repetition,@ (repetition of an act needlessly) }
{ reduplication, [ reiteration, verb.communication:reiterate,+ ] repetition,@ (the act of repeating over and again (or an instance thereof)) }
{ [ copying, verb.creation:copy5,+ verb.creation:copy1,+ verb.creation:copy,+ ] repetition,@ (an act of copying) }
{ [ duplication, verb.creation:duplicate1,+ ] gemination, copying,@ (the act of copying or making a duplicate (or duplicates) of something; "this kind of duplication is wasteful") }
{ [ reproduction1, verb.creation:reproduce,+ ] replication, copying,@ (the act of making copies; "Gutenberg's reproduction of holy texts was far more efficient") }
{ [ replay, verb.creation:replay1,+ ] instant_replay, [ action_replay, noun.location:Britain,;r ] repetition,@ noun.communication:television,;c (the immediate rebroadcast of some action (especially sports action) that has been recorded on videotape) }
{ sound_reproduction, reproduction1,@ (the reproduction of sound) }
{ high_fidelity, hi-fi, sound_reproduction,@ (the reproduction of sound with little or no distortion) }
{ headroom, dynamic_headroom, high_fidelity,@ (the capacity of a system to reproduce loud sounds without distortion) }
{ [ playback, verb.creation:play_back,+ ] sound_reproduction,@ (the act of reproducing recorded sound; "he was allowed to hear the playback of his testimony") }
{ [ imitation, verb.creation:imitate,+ ] copying,@ (copying (or trying to copy) the actions of someone else) }
{ echo, imitation,@ (an imitation or repetition; "the flower arrangement was created as an echo of a client's still life") }
{ [ emulation, verb.stative:emulate,+ verb.competition:emulate,+ ] imitation,@ (effort to equal or surpass another) }
{ mimicry1, imitation,@ (the resemblance of an animal species to another species or to natural objects; provides concealment and protection from predators) }
{ [ perseverance, verb.change:persevere,+ ] [ persistence, verb.change:persist1,+ ] [ perseveration, verb.communication:perseverate,+ verb.change:persevere,+ ] continuance,@ (the act of persisting or persevering; continuing or repeating behavior; "his perseveration continued to the point where it was no longer appropriate") }
{ [ abidance, verb.cognition:abide,+ ] continuance,@ (the act of abiding (enduring without yielding)) }
{ [ pursuance, verb.social:pursue1,+ ] [ prosecution1, verb.social:prosecute2,+ ] continuance,@ (the continuance of something begun with a view to its completion) }
{ survival, continuance,@ (something that survives) }
{ hangover, [ holdover, verb.stative:hold_over,+ ] survival,@ (something that has survived from the past; "a holdover from the sixties"; "hangovers from the 19th century") }
{ [ discontinuance, verb.stative:discontinue,+ continuance,! ] [ discontinuation, verb.stative:discontinue,+ verb.change:discontinue,+ continuation,! ] termination,@ (the act of discontinuing or breaking off; an interruption (temporary or permanent)) }
{ [ disfranchisement, verb.social:disfranchise,+ ] discontinuance,@ (the discontinuation of a franchise; especially the discontinuation of the right to vote) }
{ [ disinheritance, verb.possession:disinherit,+ ] discontinuance,@ (the act by a donor that terminates the right of a person to inherit) }
{ phase-out, discontinuance,@ (the act or instance of a planned discontinuation) }
{ intervention1, proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a proceeding that permits a person to enter into a lawsuit already in progress; admission of person not an original party to the suit so that person can protect some right or interest that is allegedly affected by the proceedings; "the purpose of intervention is to prevent unnecessary duplication of lawsuits") }
{ [ procedure1, adj.pert:procedural,+ adj.all:procedural,+ ] proceeding,@ (a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings) }
{ [ procedure, adj.pert:procedural,+ verb.social:proceed,+ ] [ process, verb.creation:process,+ verb.social:process1,+ ] activity,@ (a particular course of action intended to achieve a result; "the procedure of obtaining a driver's license"; "it was a process of trial and error") }
{ medical_procedure, procedure,@ (a procedure employed by medical or dental practitioners) }
{ dental_procedure, medical_procedure,@ (a procedure employed by a dentist) }
{ [ mapping, verb.stative:map,+ ] chromosome_mapping, procedure,@ noun.cognition:genetics,;c ((genetics) the process of locating genes on a chromosome) }
{ operating_procedure, procedure,@ (a procedure for operating something or for dealing with a given situation) }
{ standing_operating_procedure, standard_operating_procedure, SOP, standard_procedure, operating_procedure,@ (a prescribed procedure to be followed routinely; "rote memorization has been the educator's standard operating procedure for centuries") }
{ lockstep1, standing_operating_procedure,@ (a standard procedure that is followed mindlessly; "the union's support had been in lockstep for years") }
{ [ stiffening, verb.change:stiffen,+ ] process,@ (the act of becoming stiff; "stiffening his shoulders, he prepared to advance") }
{ bureaucratic_procedure, red_tape, procedure1,@ (needlessly time-consuming procedure) }
{ objection, procedure1,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a procedure whereby a party to a suit says that a particular line of questioning or a particular witness or a piece of evidence or other matter is improper and should not be continued and asks the court to rule on its impropriety or illegality) }
{ [ recusation1, verb.cognition:recuse,+ ] objection,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) an objection grounded on the judge's relationship to one of the parties) }
{ indirection, procedure,@ (indirect procedure or action; "he tried to find out by indirection") }
{ rigmarole, rigamarole, procedure,@ (a long and complicated and confusing procedure; "all that academic rigmarole was a waste of time") }
{ routine, modus_operandi, procedure,@ (an unvarying or habitual method or procedure) }
{ rat_race, routine,@ (an exhausting routine that leaves no time for relaxation) }
{ rut, groove, routine,@ (a settled and monotonous routine that is hard to escape; "they fell into a conversational rut") }

{ [ ceremony1, adj.all:formal1^ceremonial,+ adj.all:formal1^ceremonious,+ ] activity,@ (any activity that is performed in an especially solemn elaborate or formal way; "the ceremony of smelling the cork and tasting the wine"; "he makes a ceremony of addressing his golf ball"; "he disposed of it without ceremony") }
{ tea_ceremony, chanoyu, ceremony1,@ noun.location:Japan,;r (an ancient ritual for preparing and serving and drinking tea) }
{ [ ceremony, adj.all:formal1^ceremonial,+ adj.all:formal1^ceremonious,+ ] activity,@ (the proper or conventional behavior on some solemn occasion; "an inaugural ceremony") }
{ [ lustrum, verb.change:lustrate,+ ] ceremony,@ noun.location:Rome,;r noun.time:antiquity,;c (a ceremonial purification of the Roman population every five years following the census) }
{ [ ritual, adj.pert:ritual,+ verb.change:ritualize,+ ] [ rite, adj.pert:ritual,+ ] custom,@ (any customary observance or practice) }
{ religious_ceremony, religious_ritual, ceremony,@ (a ceremony having religious meaning) }
{ military_ceremony, ceremony,@ noun.group:military,;c (a military custom performed in observance of some event or anniversary) }
{ agape, love_feast, religious_ceremony,@ (a religious meal shared as a sign of love and fellowship) }

{ [ worship, verb.stative:worship,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of worshipping) }
{ [ deification, verb.change:deify1,+ verb.cognition:deify,+ ] [ exaltation1, verb.communication:exalt,+ verb.change:exalt,+ ] apotheosis, worship,@ (the elevation of a person (as to the status of a god)) }
{ ancestor_worship, worship,@ (worship of ancestors) }
{ [ rite1, adj.pert:ritual2,+ ] religious_rite, religious_ceremony,@ (an established ceremony prescribed by a religion; "the rite of baptism") }
{ vigil2, watch2, rite1,@ noun.cognition:religion,;c (the rite of staying awake for devotional purposes (especially on the eve of a religious festival)) }
{ wake, viewing, vigil2,@ (a vigil held over a corpse the night before burial; "there's no weeping at an Irish wake") }
{ [ agrypnia, adj.pert:agrypnotic,+ ] vigil2,@ (a vigil before certain feasts (as e.g. Easter)) }
{ last_rites, rite1,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (rites performed in connection with a death or burial) }
{ [ orgy, adj.all:sexy^orgiastic,+ adj.all:intoxicated^orgiastic,+ ] religious_rite,@ (secret rite in the cults of ancient Greek or Roman deities involving singing and dancing and drinking and sexual activity) }
{ popery, [ papism, noun.person:papist,+ ] practice,@ (offensive terms for the practices and rituals of the Roman Catholic Church) }
{ [ quotation, verb.communication:quote,+ ] practice,@ (the practice of quoting from books or plays etc.; "since he lacks originality he must rely on quotation") }
{ [ ritual1, adj.pert:ritual2,+ verb.change:ritualize,+ ] practice,@ (the prescribed procedure for conducting religious ceremonies) }
{ [ ritualism, adj.pert:ritualistic,+ noun.person:ritualist,+ ] practice,@ (exaggerated emphasis on the importance of rites or ritualistic forms in worship) }
{ [ circumcision1, verb.contact:circumcise,+ ] rite1,@ (the act of circumcising performed on males eight days after birth as a Jewish and Muslim religious rite) }
{ Berith, Berit, Brith, Bris, Briss, circumcision1,@ (the Jewish rite of circumcision performed on a male child on the eighth day of his life) }
{ [ nudism, noun.person:nudist,+ ] [ naturism, adj.pert:naturistic,+ ] practice,@ (going without clothes as a social practice) }
{ [ systematism, noun.person:systematist1,+ noun.person:systematist,+ ] practice,@ (the habitual practice of systematization and classification) }
{ transvestism, transvestitism, cross_dressing, practice,@ (the practice of adopting the clothes or the manner or the sexual role of the opposite sex) }
{ service1, religious_service, divine_service, religious_ceremony,@ (the act of public worship following prescribed rules; "the Sunday service") }
{ church_service, [ church, verb.motion:church,+ ] service1,@ (a service conducted in a house of worship; "don't be late for church") }
{ devotional, service1,@ (a short religious service) }
{ prayer_meeting, prayer_service, service1,@ (a service at which people sing hymns and pray together) }
{ chapel_service, chapel, service1,@ (a service conducted in a place of worship that has its own altar; "he was late for chapel") }
{ [ liturgy, adj.pert:liturgical,+ noun.person:liturgist,+ ] rite1,@ (a rite or body of rites prescribed for public worship) }
{ Christian_liturgy, liturgy,@ (the Christian worship services) }
{ [ office, adj.all:regular^official,+ verb.social:officiate1,+ verb.competition:officiate,+ ] rite1,@ (a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities; "the offices of the mass") }
{ Divine_Office, office,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c church,;c (canonical prayers recited daily by priests (e.g. the breviary of the Roman Catholic Church)) }
{ Little_Office, office,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c (a Roman Catholic office honoring the Virgin Mary; similar to but shorter than the Divine Office) }
{ Office_of_the_Dead, office,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c (an office read or sung before a burial mass in the Roman Catholic Church) }
{ committal_service, service1,@ (service committing a body to the grave; "the committal service will be held next Monday") }
{ none, service1,@ (a service in the Roman Catholic Church formerly read or chanted at 3 PM (the ninth hour counting from sunrise) but now somewhat earlier) }
{ vesper, service1,@ (a late afternoon or evening worship service) }
{ placebo, vesper,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic_Church,;c ((Roman Catholic Church) vespers of the office for the dead) }
{ watch_night, service1,@ (a devotional service (especially on New Year's Eve)) }
{ [ sacrament, adj.pert:sacramental,+ ] religious_ceremony,@ (a formal religious ceremony conferring a specific grace on those who receive it; the two Protestant ceremonies are baptism and the Lord's Supper; in the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church there are seven traditional rites accepted as instituted by Jesus: baptism and confirmation and Holy Eucharist and penance and holy orders and matrimony and extreme unction) }
{ Last_Supper, Lord's_Supper1, Seder,@ (the traditional Passover supper of Jesus with his disciples on the eve of his crucifixion) }
{ Seder, Passover_supper, noun.food:supper,@ noun.cognition:Judaism,;c ((Judaism) the ceremonial dinner on the first night (or both nights) of Passover) }
{ Holy_Eucharist, [ Eucharist, adj.pert:eucharistic,+ ] sacrament_of_the_Eucharist, Holy_Sacrament, [ Liturgy1, adj.pert:liturgical,+ noun.person:liturgist,+ ] Eucharistic_liturgy, Lord's_Supper, sacrament,@ (a Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine) }
{ Offertory, Oblation,@ Eucharist,#p (the part of the Eucharist when bread and wine are offered to God) }
{ [ Communion1, verb.communication:commune1,+ ] Holy_Communion, sacramental_manduction, manduction1, ritual1,@ Eucharist,#p (the act of participating in the celebration of the Eucharist; "the governor took Communion with the rest of the congregation") }
{ intercommunion, Communion1,@ (participation in Holy Communion by members of more than one church (eg Catholic and Orthodox)) }
{ [ betrothal, verb.communication:betroth,+ ] espousal2, ritual,@ (the act of becoming betrothed or engaged) }
{ matrimony, sacrament,@ (the ceremony or sacrament of marriage) }
{ [ marriage, verb.social:marry1,+ verb.social:marry,+ ] [ wedding, verb.social:wed,+ ] marriage_ceremony, ritual,@ (the act of marrying; the nuptial ceremony; "their marriage was conducted in the chapel") }
{ rite_of_passage, ritual,@ (a ritual performed in some cultures at times when an individual changes status (as from adolescence to adulthood)) }
{ bridal, espousal1, marriage,@ (archaic terms for a wedding or wedding feast) }
{ civil_marriage, marriage,@ (a marriage performed by a government official rather than by a clergyman) }
{ love_match, marriage,@ (a marriage for love's sake; not an arranged marriage) }
{ [ baptism, adj.pert:baptismal,+ noun.person:baptist,+ verb.communication:baptize,+ verb.communication:baptise,+ ] sacrament,@ (a Christian sacrament signifying spiritual cleansing and rebirth; "most churches baptize infants but some insist on adult baptism") }
{ affusion, baptism,@ (the act of baptizing someone by pouring water on their head) }
{ aspersion1, sprinkling, baptism,@ (the act of sprinkling water in baptism (rare)) }
{ [ christening, verb.communication:christen,+ ] baptism,@ (giving a Christian name at baptism) }
{ immersion, baptism,@ (a form of baptism in which part or all of a person's body is submerged) }
{ trine_immersion, immersion,@ (baptism by immersion three times (in the names in turn of the Trinity)) }
{ confirmation, sacrament,@ (a sacrament admitting a baptized person to full participation in the church) }
{ confirmation1, religious_ceremony,@ (a ceremony held in the synagogue (usually at Pentecost) to admit as adult members of the Jewish community young men and women who have successfully completed a course of study in Judaism) }
{ penance1, sacrament,@ (a Catholic sacrament; repentance and confession and atonement and absolution) }
{ [ confession, verb.communication:confess3,+ ] penance1,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c ((Roman Catholic Church) the act of a penitent disclosing his sinfulness before a priest in the sacrament of penance in the hope of absolution) }
{ shrift, confession,@ (the act of being shriven) }
{ anointing_of_the_sick, extreme_unction, last_rites1, sacrament,@ (a Catholic sacrament; a priest anoints a dying person with oil and prays for salvation) }
{ holy_order, sacrament,@ (the sacrament of ordination) }
{ [ sanctification, verb.communication:sanctify,+ verb.change:sanctify,+ ] religious_ceremony,@ (a religious ceremony in which something is made holy) }
{ [ beatification, verb.communication:beatify,+ ] sanctification,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c ((Roman Catholic Church) an act of the Pope who declares that a deceased person lived a holy life and is worthy of public veneration; a first step toward canonization) }
{ [ canonization, verb.communication:canonize,+ ] [ canonisation, verb.communication:canonise,+ ] sanctification,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c noun.group:Eastern_Orthodox_Church,;c ((Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church) the act of admitting a deceased person into the canon of saints) }
{ [ consecration, verb.social:consecrate,+ verb.communication:consecrate1,+ verb.communication:consecrate,+ ] sanctification,@ noun.cognition:religion,;c ((religion) sanctification of something by setting it apart (usually with religious rites) as dedicated to God; "the Cardinal attended the consecration of the church") }
{ communalism1, commitment,@ (loyalty and commitment to the interests of your own minority or ethnic group rather than to society as a whole) }
{ [ consecration1, verb.social:consecrate,+ verb.communication:consecrate4,+ verb.communication:consecrate1,+ ] commitment,@ (a solemn commitment of your life or your time to some cherished purpose (to a service or a goal); "his consecration to study") }
{ Oblation, religious_offering, religious_ceremony,@ (the act of offering the bread and wine of the Eucharist) }
{ oblation1, [ offering, verb.stative:offer,+ ] giving,@ (the act of contributing to the funds of a church or charity; "oblations for aid to the poor") }
{ unction, [ inunction, verb.body:inunct,+ ] anointing,@ religious_ceremony,@ (anointing as part of a religious ceremony or healing ritual) }
{ libation, religious_ceremony,@ (the act of pouring a liquid offering (especially wine) as a religious ceremony) }
{ [ prayer, verb.communication:pray,+ ] supplication1, worship,@ (the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving); "the priest sank to his knees in prayer") }
{ Mass, religious_ceremony,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c noun.group:Protestant_Church,;c ((Roman Catholic Church and Protestant Churches) the celebration of the Eucharist) }
{ High_Mass, Mass,@ (a solemn and elaborate Mass with music) }
{ Low_Mass, Mass,@ (a Mass recited without music) }
{ Requiem, Mass,@ (a Mass celebrated for the dead) }
{ devotion, prayer,@ noun.communication:plural,;u ((usually plural) religious observance or prayers (usually spoken silently); "he returned to his devotions") }
{ bhakti, devotion,@ noun.cognition:Hinduism,;c ((Hinduism) loving devotion to a deity leading to salvation and nirvana; open to all persons independent of caste or sex) }
{ novena, devotion,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c (a Roman Catholic devotion consisting of prayers on nine consecutive days) }
{ Stations, Stations_of_the_Cross, devotion,@ noun.group:series,@ noun.group:Roman_Catholic,;c noun.communication:plural,;u ((Roman Catholic Church) a devotion consisting of fourteen prayers said before a series of fourteen pictures or carvings representing successive incidents during Jesus' passage from Pilate's house to his crucifixion at Calvary) }
{ [ blessing, verb.communication:bless,+ ] benediction, prayer,@ (the act of praying for divine protection) }
{ [ idolization, verb.emotion:idolize,+ ] [ idolisation, verb.emotion:idolise,+ ] worship,@ (the act of worshiping blindly and to excess) }
{ adoration2, latria, worship,@ (the worship given to God alone) }
{ [ idolatry, adj.pert:idolatrous,+ noun.person:idolater,+ ] idol_worship, worship,@ (the worship of idols; the worship of physical objects or images as gods) }
{ bardolatry, idolization,@ (the idolization of William Shakespeare) }
{ iconolatry, idolatry,@ (the worship of sacred images) }
{ [ devotion2, verb.communication:devote,+ ] veneration, cultism, worship,@ (religious zeal; the willingness to serve God) }
{ idiolatry, autolatry, self-worship, worship,@ (the worship of yourself) }
{ [ bibliolatry, adj.pert:bibliolatrous,+ ] Bible-worship, idolatry,@ (the worship of the Bible) }
{ verbolatry, grammatolatry, word-worship, idolatry,@ (the worship of words) }
{ symbolatry, symbololatry, symbol-worship, idolatry,@ (the worship of symbols) }
{ anthropolatry, worship_of_man, worship,@ (the worship of human beings) }
{ gyneolatry, gynaeolatry, woman-worship, worship,@ (the worship of women) }
{ lordolatry, worship,@ (the worship of a lord because of his rank or title) }
{ thaumatolatry, miracle-worship, worship,@ (the worship of miracles) }
{ topolatry, place-worship, worship,@ (the worship of places) }
{ arborolatry, tree-worship, worship,@ (the worship of trees) }
{ astrolatry, worship_of_heavenly_bodies, worship,@ (the worship of planets or stars) }
{ cosmolatry, worship,@ (the worship of the cosmos) }
{ [ diabolatry, noun.cognition:diabolism,+ ] [ demonolatry, noun.cognition:demonism,+ ] devil-worship, worship,@ (the acts or rites of worshiping devils) }
{ pyrolatry, fire-worship, worship,@ (the worship of fire) }
{ hagiolatry, hierolatry, worship,@ (the worship of saints) }
{ heliolatry, sun-worship, worship,@ (the worship of the sun) }
{ zoolatry, animal-worship, worship,@ (the worship of animals) }
{ ichthyolatry, fish-worship, zoolatry,@ (the worship of fish) }
{ monolatry, worship,@ (the worship of a single god but without claiming that it is the only god) }
{ ophiolatry, serpent-worship, zoolatry,@ (the worship of snakes) }
{ moon-worship, selenolatry, worship,@ (the worship of the moon) }

{ [ energizing, verb.change:energize,+ verb.body:energize,+ ] activating, activation, activity,@ (the activity of causing to have energy and be active) }
{ [ electrification, verb.emotion:electrify,+ ] energizing,@ (the activity of thrilling or markedly exciting some person or group) }
{ [ revival1, verb.change:revive1,+ verb.change:revive,+ ] [ resurgence, adj.all:revived^resurgent,+ verb.stative:resurge,+ ] [ revitalization, verb.change:revitalize,+ ] [ revitalisation, verb.change:revitalise,+ ] [ revivification, verb.body:revivify,+ ] noun.event:improvement,@ (bringing again into activity and prominence; "the revival of trade"; "a revival of a neglected play by Moliere"; "the Gothic revival in architecture") }
{ rebirth2, Renaissance, [ Renascence, adj.all:revived^renascent,+ ] revival1,@ (the revival of learning and culture) }
{ [ regeneration, verb.change:regenerate1,+ ] revival1,@ (the activity of spiritual or physical renewal) }
{ [ resurrection, verb.body:resurrect,+ ] revival1,@ (a revival from inactivity and disuse; "it produced a resurrection of hope") }
{ [ resuscitation, verb.body:resuscitate,+ ] revival1,@ (the act of reviving a person and returning them to consciousness; "although he was apparently drowned, resuscitation was accomplished by artificial respiration") }
{ [ vivification, verb.body:vivify,+ ] [ invigoration, verb.emotion:invigorate,+ verb.change:invigorate1,+ verb.change:invigorate,+ verb.body:invigorate,+ ] animation2, energizing,@ (the activity of giving vitality and vigour to something) }

{ [ presentation1, verb.possession:present2,+ verb.possession:present1,+ ] ceremony,@ (the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward); "she gave the trophy but he made the presentation") }
{ [ concealment, verb.perception:conceal,+ ] [ concealing, verb.perception:conceal1,+ verb.perception:conceal,+ ] [ hiding, verb.change:hide,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of keeping something secret) }
{ [ disguise, verb.perception:disguise,+ ] [ camouflage, verb.perception:camouflage,+ ] concealment,@ (the act of concealing the identity of something by modifying its appearance; "he is a master of disguise") }
{ [ mask, verb.contact:mask2,+ verb.perception:mask,+ ] concealment,@ (activity that tries to conceal something; "no mask could conceal his ignorance"; "they moved in under a mask of friendship") }
{ [ cover, verb.perception:cover14,+ ] [ covering2, verb.perception:cover14,+ verb.perception:cover12,+ ] [ screening, verb.competition:screen,+ ] [ masking, verb.perception:mask,+ ] concealment,@ (the act of concealing the existence of something by obstructing the view of it; "the cover concealed their guns from enemy aircraft") }
{ cover2, concealment,@ (a false identity and background (especially one created for an undercover agent); "her new name and passport are cover for her next assignment") }
{ [ cover-up, verb.perception:cover_up,+ ] concealment,@ (concealment that attempts to prevent something scandalous from becoming public) }
{ blue_wall_of_silence, blue_wall, wall_of_silence, cover-up,@ (the secrecy of police officers who lie or look the other way to protect other police officers; "the blue wall cracked when some officers refused to take part in the cover-up") }
{ burying, [ burial, verb.contact:bury,+ ] concealment,@ (concealing something under the ground) }
{ reburying, [ reburial, verb.social:rebury,+ ] burying,@ (the act of burying again) }
{ smoke_screen, smokescreen, concealment,@ (an action intended to conceal or confuse or obscure; "requesting new powers of surveillance is just a smokescreen to hide their failures") } 
{ [ stealth, adj.all:concealed^stealthy,+ ] [ stealing1, verb.motion:steal,+ ] concealment,@ (avoiding detection by moving carefully) }
{ money_laundering, concealment,@ (concealing the source of illegally gotten money) }

{ placement, [ location2, verb.possession:locate1,+ verb.change:locate,+ ] locating, [ position, verb.contact:position,+ verb.contact:posit,+ ] [ positioning, verb.motion:position,+ ] [ emplacement, verb.contact:emplace,+ ] activity,@ (the act of putting something in a certain place) }
{ [ juxtaposition, verb.contact:juxtapose,+ ] [ apposition, verb.contact:appose,+ ] [ collocation, verb.cognition:collocate,+ ] placement,@ (the act of positioning close together (or side by side); "it is the result of the juxtaposition of contrasting colors") }
{ tessellation1, juxtaposition,@ (the careful juxtaposition of shapes in a pattern; "a tessellation of hexagons") }
{ [ interposition1, verb.communication:interpose,+ ] intervention3, placement,@ (the act or fact of interposing one thing between or among others) }
{ orientation, placement,@ (the act of orienting) }
{ [ planting, verb.contact:plant1,+ ] placement,@ (the act of fixing firmly in place; "he ordered the planting of policemen outside every doorway") }
{ [ implantation, verb.contact:implant,+ ] placement,@ (the act of planting or setting in the ground) }
{ [ repositioning, verb.contact:reposition1,+ ] placement,@ (the act of placing in a new position) }
{ [ set1, verb.contact:set15,+ verb.contact:set9,+ verb.creation:set1,+ verb.contact:set2,+ verb.contact:set,+ ] placement,@ (the act of putting something in position; "he gave a final set to his hat") }
{ [ superposition, verb.contact:superpose1,+ verb.contact:superpose,+ ] placement,@ (the placement of one thing on top of another) }
{ [ fingering2, verb.communication:finger,+ ] placement,@ musical_performance,#p (the placement of the fingers for playing different notes (or sequences of notes) on a musical instrument) }
{ [ superposition1, verb.contact:superpose,+ ] placement,@ noun.cognition:geometry,;c ((geometry) the placement of one object ideally in the position of another one in order to show that the two coincide) }

{ [ stay, verb.stative:stay2,+ verb.stative:stay1,+ verb.motion:stay,+ verb.change:stay,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (continuing or remaining in a place or state; "they had a nice stay in Paris"; "a lengthy hospital stay"; "a four-month stay in bankruptcy court") }
{ [ residency, adj.all:resident4,+ adj.all:resident,+ verb.stative:reside1,+ verb.stative:reside,+ ] [ residence, adj.pert:residential,+ adj.all:resident,+ verb.stative:reside1,+ verb.stative:reside,+ ] [ abidance1, verb.stative:abide1,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of dwelling in a place) }
{ [ lodging, verb.stative:lodge2,+ verb.stative:lodge,+ ] residency,@ (the act of lodging) }
{ [ occupancy, noun.person:occupant,+ verb.stative:occupy,+ ] [ tenancy, noun.person:tenant2,+ noun.person:tenant1,+ noun.person:tenant,+ ] residency,@ (an act of being a tenant or occupant) }
{ [ inhabitancy, verb.stative:inhabit,+ ] [ inhabitation, verb.stative:inhabit2,+ verb.stative:inhabit,+ ] habitation, occupancy,@ (the act of dwelling in or living permanently in a place (said of both animals and men); "he studied the creation and inhabitation and demise of the colony") }
{ [ cohabitation, verb.stative:cohabit,+ ] habitation,@ (the act of living together and having a sexual relationship (especially without being married)) }
{ concubinage, cohabitation,@ (cohabitation without being legally married) }
{ [ camping, verb.stative:camp,+ ] [ encampment, verb.stative:encamp,+ ] bivouacking, [ tenting, verb.stative:tent,+ ] habitation,@ (the act of encamping and living in tents in a camp) }
{ [ sojourn, verb.stative:sojourn,+ ] [ visit3, verb.stative:visit4,+ ] stay,@ (a temporary stay (e.g., as a guest)) }
{ call2, visit,@ (a visit in an official or professional capacity; "the pastor's calls on his parishioners"; "the salesman's call on a customer") }
{ round, call2,@ noun.communication:plural,;u ((often plural) a series of professional calls (usually in a set order); "the doctor goes on his rounds first thing every morning"; "the postman's rounds"; "we enjoyed our round of the local bars") }
{ [ call3, verb.social:call,+ ] visit2,@ (a brief social visit; "senior professors' wives no longer make afternoon calls on newcomers"; "the characters in Henry James' novels are forever paying calls on each other, usually in the parlor of some residence") }
{ [ visiting, verb.motion:visit,+ ] visit2,@ (the activity of making visits; "the purpose was to promote homes, clubs, visiting, and other services") }
{ [ stop2, verb.motion:stop2,+ verb.stative:stop,+ ] [ stopover, verb.stative:stop_over,+ ] [ layover, verb.stative:lay_over,+ ] stay,@ (a brief stay in the course of a journey; "they made a stopover to visit their friends") }
{ night-stop, stop2,@ (a break in a journey for the night) }
{ pit_stop, stop2,@ (a brief stop at a pit during an automobile race to take on fuel or service the car) }
{ pit_stop1, stop2,@ (a stop during an automobile trip for rest and refreshment) }
{ stand1, stop2,@ (a stop made by a touring musical or theatrical group to give a performance; "a one-night stand") }

{ [ provision1, verb.possession:provide8,+ verb.possession:provide,+ verb.consumption:provide,+ verb.possession:provision,+ ] [ supply, verb.consumption:supply,+ verb.social:supply,+ verb.possession:supply,+ ] [ supplying, verb.possession:supply,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of supplying or providing something) }
{ [ irrigation, verb.change:irrigate,+ ] provision1,@ (supplying dry land with water by means of ditches etc) }
{ [ feeding1, verb.consumption:feed4,+ verb.consumption:feed1,+ ] [ alimentation, verb.consumption:aliment,+ ] provision1,@ (the act of supplying food and nourishment) }
{ infant_feeding, feeding1,@ (feeding an infant) }
{ demand_feeding, infant_feeding,@ (feeding a baby or animal whenever it shows a need) }
{ [ forced_feeding, verb.consumption:force-feed,+ ] gavage, feeding1,@ (feeding that consists of the delivery of a nutrient solution (as through a nasal tube) to someone who cannot or will not eat) }
{ nasogastric_feeding, forced_feeding,@ (feeding consisting of delivering liquid nutrients through a tube passing through the nose and into the stomach) }
{ gastrogavage, forced_feeding,@ (feeding a nutrient solution into the stomach through a tube through a surgically created opening) }
{ [ nursing1, verb.consumption:nurse,+ ] breast_feeding, infant_feeding,@ (nourishing at the breast) }
{ intravenous_feeding, IV, feeding1,@ (administration of nutrients through a vein) }
{ [ overfeeding, verb.consumption:overfeed,+ ] feeding1,@ (excessive feeding) }
{ [ spoonfeeding, verb.consumption:spoonfeed,+ ] feeding1,@ (feeding someone (as a baby) from a spoon) }
{ schedule_feeding, infant_feeding,@ (feeding a baby or animal according to a fixed schedule (e.g., every 4 hours)) }
{ total_parenteral_nutrition, TPN, hyperalimentation, feeding1,@ (administration of a nutritionally adequate solution through a catheter into the vena cava; used in cases of long-term coma or severe burns or severe gastrointestinal syndromes) }
{ [ fueling, verb.possession:fuel3,+ verb.possession:fuel,+ ] [ refueling, verb.possession:refuel1,+ verb.possession:refuel,+ ] provision1,@ (the activity of supplying or taking on fuel) }
{ healthcare1, health_care1, care1,@ (the preservation of mental and physical health by preventing or treating illness through services offered by the health profession) }
{ healthcare_delivery, health_care_delivery, care_delivery, provision1,@ (the provision of health care) }
{ [ issue1, verb.social:issue,+ ] [ issuing, verb.social:issue,+ ] issuance, provision1,@ (the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity); "a new issue of stamps"; "the last issue of penicillin was over a month ago") }
{ stock_issue, issue1,@ noun.cognition:corporation_law,;c ((corporation law) the authorization and delivery of shares of stock for sale to the public or the shares thus offered at a particular time) }
{ [ logistics, adj.pert:logistic,+ adj.pert:logistical,+ ] provision1,@ (handling an operation that involves providing labor and materials be supplied as needed) }
{ [ purveyance, verb.possession:purvey,+ ] provision1,@ (the act of supplying something) }
{ [ stocking, verb.possession:stock2,+ ] provision1,@ (the activity of supplying a stock of something; "he supervised the stocking of the stream with trout") }
{ [ subvention, verb.communication:subvent,+ ] provision1,@ (the act or process of providing aid or help of any sort) }

{ [ demand, verb.communication:demand2,+ verb.communication:demand,+ ] activity,@ (the act of demanding; "the kidnapper's exorbitant demands for money") }
{ [ exaction, verb.communication:exact,+ ] demand,@ (act of demanding or levying by force or authority; "exaction of tribute"; "exaction of various dues and fees") }
{ [ extortion1, noun.person:extortionist,+ verb.possession:extort1,+ ] exaction,@ (unjust exaction (as by the misuse of authority); "the extortion by dishonest officials of fees for performing their sworn duty") }

{ [ claim, verb.communication:claim2,+ ] demand,@ (demand for something as rightful or due; "they struck in support of their claim for a shorter work day") }
{ insurance_claim, claim,@ (demand for payment in accordance with an insurance policy) }
{ [ drain1, verb.consumption:drain,+ ] depletion,@ (a gradual depletion of energy or resources; "a drain on resources"; "a drain of young talent by emigration") }
{ brain_drain, drain1,@ (depletion or loss of intellectual and technical personnel) }

{ [ inactivity, adj.all:inactive8,+ adj.all:inactive3,+ activity,! ] noun.Tops:act,@ (being inactive; being less active) }
{ [ pause, verb.communication:pause1,+ verb.stative:pause,+ ] inactivity,@ (temporary inactivity) }
{ respite, [ recess, verb.change:recess,+ ] [ break5, verb.communication:break4,+ ] time_out, pause,@ (a pause from doing something (as work); "we took a 10-minute break"; "he took time out to recuperate") }
{ spring_break, respite,@ (a week or more of recess during the spring term at school) }
{ [ hesitation, verb.stative:hesitate1,+ ] [ waver1, verb.stative:waver,+ ] [ falter, verb.communication:falter,+ ] [ faltering, verb.motion:falter1,+ ] pause,@ (the act of pausing uncertainly; "there was a hesitation in his speech") }
{ [ intermission, verb.communication:intermit,+ ] pause,@ (the act of suspending activity temporarily) }
{ [ freeze1, verb.change:freeze1,+ ] [ halt, verb.social:halt,+ verb.motion:halt1,+ verb.motion:halt5,+ ] pause,@ (an interruption or temporary suspension of progress or movement; "a halt in the arms race"; "a nuclear freeze") }
{ [ wait, verb.stative:wait,+ ] [ waiting, verb.stative:wait,+ ] inactivity,@ (the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something); "the wait was an ordeal for him") }
{ [ rest, verb.social:rest,+ ] ease, [ repose, verb.contact:repose2,+ ] [ relaxation, verb.body:relax,+ ] inactivity,@ (freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility); "took his repose by the swimming pool") }
{ bedrest, bed_rest, rest,@ (confinement to bed continuously (as in the case of some sick or injured persons)) }
{ [ laziness1, adj.all:slow1^lazy,+ ] rest,@ (relaxed and easy activity; "the laziness of the day helped her to relax") }
{ lie-in, rest,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a long stay in bed in the morning) }
{ [ quiescence, adj.all:quiet2^quiescent,+ ] [ quiescency, adj.all:quiet2^quiescent,+ ] [ dormancy, adj.all:asleep^dormant,+ ] sleeping1, rest,@ (quiet and inactive restfulness) }
{ [ vegetation, verb.stative:vegetate,+ verb.body:vegetate,+ ] quiescence,@ (inactivity that is passive and monotonous, comparable to the inactivity of plant life; "their holiday was spent in sleep and vegetation") }
{ leisure, rest,@ (freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity; "he lacked the leisure for golf") }
{ [ idleness, adj.all:unemployed^idle,+ adj.all:inactive3^idle,+ ] [ idling, verb.social:idle,+ ] loafing, inactivity,@ (having no employment) }
{ dolce_far_niente, idleness,@ (carefree idleness) }
{ free_time, spare_time, noun.time:leisure,@ (time that is free from duties or responsibilities) }
{ [ vacationing, verb.stative:vacation,+ ] leisure,@ (the act of taking a vacation) }
{ busman's_holiday, vacationing,@ (a holiday where you do the same things you do at work) }
{ caravanning, vacationing,@ (the practice of taking holidays in a caravan) }
{ [ delay, verb.change:delay5,+ verb.change:delay1,+ verb.change:delay,+ ] [ holdup1, verb.change:hold_up,+ ] inactivity,@ (the act of delaying; inactivity resulting in something being put off until a later time) }
{ demurrage, delay,@ (detention of a ship or freight car or other cargo beyond its scheduled time of departure) }
{ [ forbearance, verb.stative:forbear,+ ] delay,@ (a delay in enforcing rights or claims or privileges; refraining from acting; "his forbearance to reply was alarming") }
{ [ postponement, verb.stative:postpone,+ ] [ deferment, verb.stative:defer,+ ] [ deferral1, verb.stative:defer,+ ] delay,@ (act of putting off to a future time) }
{ [ adjournment1, verb.social:adjourn,+ ] postponement,@ (the act of postponing to another time or place) }
{ [ prorogation, verb.stative:prorogue,+ verb.social:prorogue,+ ] discontinuance,@ (discontinuation of the meeting (of a legislative body) without dissolving it) }
{ [ procrastination, verb.stative:procrastinate,+ ] cunctation, [ shillyshally, verb.stative:shillyshally2,+ ] delay,@ (the act of procrastinating; putting off or delaying or defering an action to a later time) }
{ [ slowdown, verb.change:slow_down,+ verb.change:slow_down1,+ verb.change:slow_down2,+ verb.change:slow_down4,+ ] [ lag, verb.motion:lag,+ ] [ retardation, verb.stative:retard,+ verb.change:retard,+ ] delay,@ (the act of slowing down or falling behind) }
{ [ dalliance, verb.motion:dally,+ ] [ dawdling, verb.motion:dawdle4,+ ] [ trifling, verb.stative:trifle,+ ] delay,@ (the deliberate act of delaying and playing instead of working) }
{ [ filibuster, verb.social:filibuster,+ ] delay,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a tactic for delaying or obstructing legislation by making long speeches) }
{ [ interjection, verb.communication:interject,+ ] [ interposition, verb.communication:interpose,+ ] [ interpolation, verb.change:interpolate,+ ] interpellation, interruption,@ (the action of interjecting or interposing an action or remark that interrupts) }
{ [ tarriance, verb.motion:tarry,+ ] lingering, delay,@ (the act of tarrying) }
{ breaking_off, abruption, interruption,@ (an instance of sudden interruption) }
{ [ heckling, verb.communication:heckle,+ ] barracking, interruption,@ (shouting to interrupt a speech with which you disagree) }
{ [ abstinence, adj.all:abstemious^abstinent,+ ] self-denial,@ (act or practice of refraining from indulging an appetite) }
{ asceticism, ascesis, self-denial,@ (rigorous self-denial and active self-restraint) }
{ [ chastity, adj.all:moral^chaste,+ ] celibacy, sexual_abstention, abstinence,@ noun.cognition:religion,;c (abstaining from sexual relations (as because of religious vows)) }
{ [ mortification, verb.emotion:mortify4,+ verb.emotion:mortify2,+ ] self-denial,@ noun.cognition:Christianity,;c ((Christianity) the act of mortifying the lusts of the flesh by self-denial and privation (especially by bodily pain or discomfort inflicted on yourself)) }
{ self-denial, self-discipline, self-control, control,@ (the act of denying yourself; controlling your impulses) }
{ sobriety, temperance, abstinence,@ (abstaining from excess) }
{ teetotaling, [ teetotalism, noun.person:teetotalist,+ ] abstinence,@ (abstaining from alcohol) }
{ [ fast, verb.consumption:fast,+ verb.consumption:fast1,+ ] [ fasting, verb.consumption:fast1,+ verb.consumption:fast,+ ] abstinence,@ (abstaining from food) }
{ [ diet, adj.pert:dietary,+ noun.person:dietician,+ verb.consumption:diet1,+ verb.consumption:diet,+ ] [ dieting, verb.consumption:diet1,+ verb.consumption:diet,+ ] fast,@ (the act of restricting your food intake (or your intake of particular foods)) }
{ traffic_control, control,@ (control of the flow of traffic in a building or a city) }
{ point_duty, traffic_control,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (the control of traffic by a policeman stationed at an intersection) }
{ price-fixing, control,@ government,;c (control (by agreement among producers or by government) of the price of a commodity in interstate commerce) }
{ [ inhibition, verb.social:inhibit,+ ] [ suppression3, verb.cognition:suppress,+ ] abstinence,@ noun.cognition:psychology,;c ((psychology) the conscious exclusion of unacceptable thoughts or desires) }
{ [ tolerance, verb.cognition:tolerate,+ ] allowance,@ (the act of tolerating something) }
{ [ lenience, adj.all:permissive1^lenient,+ ] [ leniency, adj.all:undemanding1^lenient,+ ] tolerance,@ (lightening a penalty or excusing from a chore by judges or parents or teachers) }
{ [ clemency1, adj.all:clement1,+ ] [ mercifulness, adj.all:merciful,+ ] mercy, leniency,@ (leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice; "he threw himself on the mercy of the court") }
{ [ pleasure2, verb.emotion:please1,+ verb.emotion:please,+ ] activity,@ (an activity that affords enjoyment; "he puts duty before pleasure") }
{ [ luxuriation, verb.consumption:luxuriate,+ ] pleasure2,@ (an activity that affords excessive pleasure and enjoyment) }
{ [ enjoyment, verb.emotion:enjoy1,+ verb.emotion:enjoy,+ verb.consumption:enjoy,+ ] delectation, activity,@ (act of receiving pleasure from something) }
{ [ lamentation, verb.emotion:lament,+ ] mourning, activity,@ noun.communication:expression2,@ (the passionate and demonstrative activity of expressing grief) }
{ laughter, activity,@ (the activity of laughing; the manifestation of joy or mirth or scorn; "he enjoyed the laughter of the crowd") }
{ [ satisfaction, verb.stative:satisfy,+ verb.consumption:satisfy1,+ ] change,@ (act of fulfilling a desire or need or appetite; "the satisfaction of their demand for better services") }
{ [ gratification, verb.emotion:gratify,+ verb.consumption:gratify,+ ] satisfaction,@ (the act or an instance of satisfying) }
{ [ satiation, verb.consumption:satiate,+ ] gratification,@ (the act of achieving full gratification) }
{ self-gratification, head_trip, gratification,@ (the act of satisfying your own desires and giving yourself pleasure) }
{ [ indulgence, verb.social:indulge1,+ verb.social:indulge,+ ] [ indulging, verb.social:indulge,+ verb.consumption:indulge,+ ] [ pampering, adj.all:indulgent^pampering,+ verb.social:pamper,+ ] [ humoring, verb.communication:humor,+ ] gratification,@ (the act of indulging or gratifying a desire) }
{ [ pleasing, verb.emotion:please,+ ] gratification,@ (the act of one who pleases) }
{ [ overindulgence, adj.all:indulgent^overindulgent,+ verb.consumption:overindulge,+ ] excess, indulgence,@ (excessive indulgence; "the child was spoiled by overindulgence") }
{ orgy1, binge1, splurge, indulgence,@ (any act of immoderate indulgence; "an orgy of shopping"; "an emotional binge"; "a splurge of spending") }
{ hindrance, hinderance, [ interference, verb.social:interfere1,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of hindering or obstructing or impeding) }
{ [ antagonism, adj.all:antagonistic2,+ noun.artifact:antagonist,+ ] interference,@ noun.cognition:biochemistry,;c ((biochemistry) interference in or inhibition of the physiological action of a chemical substance by another having a similar structure) }
{ [ obstruction1, verb.social:obstruct,+ verb.contact:obstruct,+ ] hindrance,@ (the act of obstructing; "obstruction of justice") }
{ [ blockage, verb.social:block1,+ verb.social:block,+ verb.perception:block,+ verb.contact:block,+ verb.competition:block,+ ] [ closure1, verb.contact:close7,+ verb.contact:close11,+ verb.contact:close,+ ] [ occlusion, verb.contact:occlude,+ ] obstruction1,@ (the act of blocking) }
{ naval_blockade, blockade,@ (the interdiction of a nation's lines of communication at sea by the use of naval power) }
{ siege, besieging, beleaguering, military_blockade, blockade,@ noun.group:military,;c (the action of an armed force that surrounds a fortified place and isolates it while continuing to attack) }
{ relief4, liberation2,@ (the act of freeing a city or town that has been besieged; "he asked for troops for the relief of Atlanta") }
{ [ stall, verb.change:stall,+ verb.stative:stall,+ ] [ stalling, verb.change:stall,+ ] obstruction1,@ (a tactic used to mislead or delay) }
{ [ stonewalling, verb.communication:stonewall,+ ] stall,@ (stalling or delaying especially by refusing to answer questions or cooperate) }
{ [ stop, verb.change:stop5,+ verb.social:stop,+ verb.stative:stop,+ ] [ stoppage, verb.stative:stop,+ verb.motion:stop1,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of stopping something; "the third baseman made some remarkable stops"; "his stoppage of the flow resulted in a flood")}
{ [ complication, verb.change:complicate1,+ verb.change:complicate,+ ] hindrance,@ (the act or process of complicating) }
{ [ deterrence, adj.all:preventive^deterrent,+ verb.communication:deter1,+ ] hindrance,@ (the act or process of discouraging actions or preventing occurrences by instilling fear or doubt or anxiety) }
{ [ discouragement, verb.communication:discourage1,+ ] deterrence,@ (the act of discouraging; "the discouragement of petty theft") }
{ nuclear_deterrence, deterrence,@ noun.cognition:doctrine,@ noun.group:military,;c (the military doctrine that an enemy will be deterred from using nuclear weapons as long as he can be destroyed as a consequence; "when two nations both resort to nuclear deterrence the consequence could be mutual destruction") }
{ [ countermine, verb.competition:countermine,+ ] countermeasure,@ noun.group:military,;c ((military) a tunnel dug to defeat similar activities by the enemy) }
{ [ prevention, verb.social:prevent,+ ] [ bar, verb.communication:bar,+ ] hindrance,@ (the act of preventing; "there was no bar against leaving"; "money was allocated to study the cause and prevention of influenza") }
{ averting, prevention,@ (the act of preventing something from occurring; "averting danger was his responsibility") }
{ [ debarment, verb.social:debar5,+ ] noun.group:law,;c prevention,@ (the act of prevention by legal means; "they achieved his debarment from holding public office") }
{ [ disqualification, verb.communication:disqualify,+ verb.change:disqualify,+ ] prevention,@ (the act of preventing someone from participating by finding them unqualified) }
{ [ interception, verb.contact:intercept,+ ] prevention,@ (the act of intercepting; preventing something from proceeding or arriving; "he resorted to the interception of his daughter's letters"; "he claimed that the interception of one missile by another would be impossible") }
{ [ nonproliferation, noun.process:proliferation1,! ] [ non-proliferation, noun.process:proliferation1,! ] prevention,@ (the prevention of something increasing or spreading (especially the prevention of an increase in the number of countries possessing nuclear weapons); "they protested that the nonproliferation treaty was just a plot to maintain the hegemony of those who already had nuclear weapons"; "nuclear disarmament and nonproliferation are closely related goals") }
{ [ obviation, verb.stative:obviate,+ verb.social:obviate,+ ] [ forestalling, verb.social:forestall1,+ verb.social:forestall,+ ] [ preclusion, verb.social:preclude,+ ] prevention,@ (the act of preventing something by anticipating and disposing of it effectively) }
{ [ prophylaxis, adj.all:healthful^prophylactic,+ ] prevention,@ (the prevention of disease) }
{ save, prevention,@ sport,;c ((sports) the act of preventing the opposition from scoring; "the goalie made a brilliant save"; "the relief pitcher got credit for a save") }
{ [ suppression2, verb.change:suppress,+ verb.social:suppress1,+ ] [ crushing, verb.social:crush,+ ] [ quelling, verb.change:quell,+ ] [ stifling, verb.contact:stifle,+ ] prevention,@ (forceful prevention; putting down by power or authority; "the suppression of heresy"; "the quelling of the rebellion"; "the stifling of all dissent") }
{ tax_avoidance, minimization,@ (the minimization of tax liability by lawful methods) }
{ [ recusation, verb.communication:recuse,+ ] [ recusal, verb.communication:recuse,+ ] disqualification,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the disqualification of a judge or jury by reason of prejudice or conflict of interest; a judge can be recused by objections of either party or judges can disqualify themselves) }

{ group_action, noun.Tops:act,@ noun.Tops:event,@ (action taken by a group of people) }
{ social_activity, group_action,@ (activity considered appropriate on social occasions) }
{ communalism, group_action,@ (the practice of communal living and common ownership) }
{ [ confederation, verb.social:confederate10,+ verb.social:confederate,+ ] [ alliance, verb.social:ally,+ ] group_action,@ (the act of forming an alliance or confederation) }
{ [ association, verb.social:associate2,+ verb.social:associate,+ ] social_activity,@ (the act of consorting with or joining with others; "you cannot be convicted of criminal guilt by association") }
{ [ fraternization, verb.social:fraternize,+ ] [ fraternisation, verb.social:fraternise,+ ] association,@ (associating with others in a brotherly or friendly way; especially with an enemy) }
{ [ affiliation, verb.social:affiliate,+ ] association,@ (the act of becoming formally connected or joined; "welcomed the affiliation of the research center with the university") }
{ reaffiliation, affiliation,@ (affiliation anew) }
{ [ mingling, verb.social:mingle,+ ] social_activity,@ (the action of people mingling and coming into contact; "all the random mingling and idle talk made him hate literary parties") }

{ [ decolonization, verb.social:decolonize,+ ] [ decolonisation, verb.social:decolonise,+ ] group_action,@ (the action of changing from colonial to independent status) }
{ [ disbandment, verb.motion:disband1,+ verb.motion:disband,+ ] group_action,@ (the act of disbanding; "the orchestra faced the prospect of disbandment") }
{ [ disestablishment, verb.change:disestablish,+ ] group_action,@ (the act terminating an established state of affairs; especially ending a connection with the Church of England) }
{ [ distribution, verb.possession:distribute,+ verb.contact:distribute1,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the act of distributing or spreading or apportioning) }
{ [ redistribution, verb.contact:redistribute,+ ] distribution,@ (distributing again; "the revolution resulted in a redistribution of wealth") }
{ [ dispensation, verb.possession:dispense,+ verb.body:dispense,+ ] distribution,@ (the act of dispensing (giving out in portions)) }
{ [ allotment, verb.possession:allot2,+ ] [ apportionment, verb.possession:apportion1,+ ] apportioning, [ allocation, verb.possession:allocate,+ ] [ parceling, verb.social:parcel,+ ] [ parcelling, verb.social:parcel,+ ] [ assignation1, verb.possession:assign1,+ ] distribution,@ (the act of distributing by allotting or apportioning; distribution according to a plan; "the apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives is based on the relative population of each state") }
{ [ reallotment, verb.possession:reallot,+ ] [ reapportionment, verb.possession:reapportion,+ ] [ reallocation, verb.possession:reallocate,+ ] allotment,@ noun.location:US,;r (a new apportionment (especially a new apportionment of congressional seats in the United States on the basis of census results)) }
{ [ reshuffle1, verb.change:reshuffle1,+ ] reallocation,@ (a redistribution of something; "there was a reshuffle of cabinet officers") }
{ [ deal1, verb.possession:deal7,+ verb.possession:deal1,+ ] allotment,@ (the act of apportioning or distributing something; "the captain was entrusted with the deal of provisions") }
{ new_deal, deal1,@ (a reapportioning of something) }
{ [ rationing, verb.possession:ration1,+ ] allotment,@ (the act of rationing; "during the war the government imposed rationing of food and gasoline") }
{ parcel, [ portion, verb.possession:portion,+ ] [ share, verb.possession:share,+ verb.possession:share1,+ ] allotment,@ (the allotment of some amount by dividing something; "death gets more than its share of attention from theologians") }
{ [ deal, verb.possession:deal6,+ verb.possession:deal2,+ ] distribution,@ card_game,#p card_game,;c (the act of distributing playing cards; "the deal was passed around the table clockwise") }
{ [ misdeal, verb.possession:misdeal,+ ] deal,@ (an incorrect deal) }
{ revenue_sharing, distribution,@ (distribution of part of the federal tax income to states and municipalities) }
{ [ sharing, verb.possession:share,+ ] share-out, distribution,@ (a distribution in shares) }
{ [ generosity, adj.all:generous1,+ ] [ unselfishness, adj.all:generous1^unselfish,+ adj.all:unselfish,+ ] sharing,@ (acting generously) }
{ [ giving, verb.possession:give8,+ verb.possession:give,+ verb.consumption:give,+ ] [ gift, verb.possession:gift,+ ] sharing,@ (the act of giving) }
{ [ bestowal, verb.possession:bestow,+ ] [ bestowment, verb.possession:bestow,+ ] [ conferral, verb.possession:confer,+ ] [ conferment, verb.possession:confer,+ ] giving,@ (the act of conferring an honor or presenting a gift) }
{ [ accordance, verb.possession:accord,+ ] accordance_of_rights, giving,@ (the act of granting rights; "the accordance to Canada of rights of access") }
{ [ endowment, verb.possession:endow,+ ] giving,@ (the act of endowing with a permanent source of income; "his generous endowment of the laboratory came just in the nick of time") }

{ social_welfare, welfare, public_assistance, noun.possession:aid,@ (governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need; "she lives on welfare") }
{ social_insurance, social_welfare,@ (government provision for unemployed, injured, or aged people; financed by contributions from employers and employees as well as by government revenue) }
{ national_insurance, social_insurance,@ (social insurance program in Britain; based on contributions from employers and employees; provides payments to unemployed and sick and retired people as well as medical services) }
{ supplementary_benefit, social_assistance, national_assistance, social_insurance,@ noun.location:Great_Britain1,;r (benefits paid to bring incomes up to minimum levels established by law) }
{ Social_Security, social_insurance,@ (social welfare program in the U.S.; includes old-age and survivors insurance and some unemployment insurance and old-age assistance) }
{ relief, welfare,@ (aid for the aged or indigent or handicapped; "he has been on relief for many years") }
{ dole, [ pogy, noun.location:Canada,;r ] [ pogey, noun.location:Canada,;r ] welfare,@ (money received from the state) }
{ unemployment_compensation, social_insurance,@ (payment by a United States agency to unemployed people) }
{ old-age_insurance, social_security,@ (insurance paid to the elderly) }
{ survivors_insurance, social_security,@ (insurance paid to surviving spouses) }
{ disability_insurance, social_insurance,@ (social insurance for the disabled) }
{ health_care, social_insurance,@ (social insurance for the ill and injured) }
{ Medicare, health_care,@ (health care for the aged; a federally administered system of health insurance available to persons aged 65 and over) }
{ Medicaid, health_care,@ (health care for the needy; a federally and state-funded program) }
{ primary_health_care, health_care,@ (health care that is provided by a health care professional in the first contact of a patient with the health care system) }

{ [ philanthropy, adj.pert:philanthropic,+ noun.person:philanthropist,+ ] philanthropic_gift, noun.possession:aid,@ (voluntary promotion of human welfare) }
{ charity, giving,@ (an activity or gift that benefits the public at large) }
{ [ contribution, verb.possession:contribute2,+ verb.possession:contribute,+ ] [ donation, verb.possession:donate,+ ] giving,@ (act of giving in common with others for a common purpose especially to a charity) }
{ [ subscription, verb.possession:subscribe4,+ ] contribution,@ (a pledged contribution) }
{ alms, contribution,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (money or goods contributed to the poor) }
{ alms-giving, almsgiving, giving,@ (making voluntary contributions to aid the poor) }
{ handout, charity,@ (giving money or food or clothing to a needy person) }

{ [ commerce, adj.all:inferior2^commercial,+ adj.pert:commercial,+ adj.all:commercial,+ ] commercialism, mercantilism, transaction,@ (transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)) }
{ [ trade5, verb.possession:trade11,+ verb.stative:trade,+ verb.possession:trade,+ verb.possession:trade1,+ ] commerce,@ (the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services; "Venice was an important center of trade with the East"; "they are accused of conspiring to constrain trade") }
{ fair_trade, trade5,@ (trade that is conducted legally) }
{ fair_trade1, trade5,@ (trade that satisfies certain criteria on the supply chain of the goods involved, usually including fair payment for producers; often with other social and environmental considerations) }
{ free_trade, trade5,@ (international trade free of government interference) }
{ North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement, NAFTA, free_trade,@ (an agreement for free trade between the United States and Canada and Mexico; became effective in 1994 for ten years) }
{ e-commerce, commerce,@ (commerce conducted electronically (as on the internet)) }
{ [ exchange, verb.change:exchange,+ ] interchange2, commerce,@ (reciprocal transfer of equivalent sums of money (especially the currencies of different countries); "he earns his living from the interchange of currency") }
{ [ conversion3, verb.change:convert2,+ ] exchange,@ (act of exchanging one type of money or security for another) }
{ unitization, unitisation, conversion3,@ (conversion of an investment trust into a unit investment trust) }
{ lending, loaning, disposal,@ (disposing of money or property with the expectation that the same thing (or an equivalent) will be returned) }
{ usury, lending,@ (the act of lending money at an exorbitant rate of interest) }
{ [ arbitrage, verb.possession:arbitrage,+ ] investing,@ (a kind of hedged investment meant to capture slight differences in price; when there is a difference in the price of something on two different markets the arbitrageur simultaneously buys at the lower price and sells at the higher price) }
{ risk_arbitrage, takeover_arbitrage, arbitrage,@ (arbitrage involving risk; as in the simultaneous purchase of stock in a target company and sale of stock in its potential acquirer; if the takeover fails the arbitrageur may lose a great deal of money) }
{ initial_public_offering, IPO, initial_offering, commerce,@ (a corporation's first offer to sell stock to the public) }
{ commercial_enterprise, business_enterprise, business1, commerce,@ market,#p (the activity of providing goods and services involving financial and commercial and industrial aspects; "computers are now widely used in business") }
{ business_activity, commercial_activity, enterprise,@ commercial_enterprise,#p (activity undertaken as part of a commercial enterprise) }
{ [ operation6, verb.social:operate,+ ] business_activity,@ (a business especially one run on a large scale; "a large-scale farming operation"; "a multinational operation"; "they paid taxes on every stage of the operation"; "they had to consolidate their operations") }
{ business2, business_activity,@ business1,;c (the volume of commercial activity; "business is good today"; "show me where the business was today") }
{ trade1, [ patronage2, verb.communication:patronage,+ ] business2,@ (the business given to a commercial establishment by its customers; "even before noon there was a considerable patronage") }
{ wash, business_activity,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u (any enterprise in which losses and gains cancel out; "at the end of the year the accounting department showed that it was a wash") }
{ custom2, patronage2,@ (habitual patronage; "I have given this tailor my custom for many years") }
{ land-office_business, business2,@ (very large and profitable volume of commercial activity) }
{ field, field_of_operation, line_of_business, commercial_enterprise,@ (a particular kind of commercial enterprise; "they are outstanding in their field") }
{ [ market, verb.change:market,+ verb.possession:market,+ ] marketplace, market_place, activity,@ (the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold; "without competition there would be no market"; "they were driven from the marketplace") }
{ [ black_market, verb.possession:black_market,+ ] market,@ (an illegal market in which goods or currencies are bought and sold in violation of rationing or controls) }
{ buyer's_market, buyers'_market, soft_market, market,@ (a market in which more people want to sell than want to buy) }
{ grey_market, gray_market, market,@ (an unofficial market in which goods are bought and sold at prices lower than the official price set by a regulatory agency) }
{ seller's_market, sellers'_market, market,@ (a market in which more people want to buy than want to sell) }
{ labor_market, market,@ (the market in which workers compete for jobs and employers compete for workers) }
{ employee-owned_enterprise, employee-owned_business, commercial_enterprise,@ (a commercial enterprise owned by the people who work for it) }
{ [ finance, adj.pert:financial,+ verb.possession:finance1,+ verb.possession:finance,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (the commercial activity of providing funds and capital) }
{ corporate_finance, finance,@ (the financial activities of corporation) }
{ [ financing, verb.possession:finance,+ ] [ funding, verb.possession:fund,+ ] finance,@ (the act of financing) }
{ high_finance, finance,@ (large and complex financial transactions (often used with the implication that those individuals or institutions who engage in them are unethical)) }
{ [ investing, verb.possession:invest,+ ] [ investment, verb.possession:invest,+ ] finance,@ (the act of investing; laying out money or capital in an enterprise with the expectation of profit) }
{ foreign_direct_investment, investing,@ (investing in United States businesses by foreign citizens (often involves stock ownership of the business)) }
{ [ leverage, verb.possession:leverage,+ verb.possession:leverage1,+ ] leveraging, investing,@ (investing with borrowed money as a way to amplify potential gains (at the risk of greater losses)) }
{ flotation1, floatation1, finance,@ (financing a commercial enterprise by bond or stock shares) }
{ [ banking, verb.possession:bank2,+ verb.possession:bank,+ ] finance,@ (transacting business with a bank; depositing or withdrawing funds or requesting a loan etc.) }
{ home_banking, banking,@ (banking in which transactions are conducted by means of electronic communication (via telephone or computer)) }
{ [ banking1, verb.possession:bank1,+ ] finance1,@ (engaging in the business of keeping money for savings and checking accounts or for exchange or for issuing loans and credit etc.) }
{ cooperative, co-op, noun.group:commercial_enterprise,@ (a jointly owned commercial enterprise (usually organized by farmers or consumers) that produces and distributes goods and services and is run for the benefit of its owners) }
{ discount_business, commercial_enterprise,@ (the business of selling merchandise at a discount) }
{ real-estate_business, commercial_enterprise,@ (the business of selling real estate) }
{ [ advertising, verb.communication:advertise,+ ] [ publicizing, verb.communication:publicize1,+ verb.communication:publicize,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (the business of drawing public attention to goods and services) }
{ hard_sell, advertising,@ (forceful and insistent advertising) }
{ soft_sell, advertising,@ (suggestive or persuasive advertising) }
{ [ circularization, verb.social:circularize,+ verb.motion:circularize,+ ] [ circularisation, verb.social:circularise,+ verb.motion:circularise,+ ] advertising,@ (circulating printed notices as a means of advertising) }
{ [ publication, verb.creation:publish1,+ verb.communication:publish,+ ] [ publishing, verb.communication:publish,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution) }
{ desktop_publishing, publication,@ noun.cognition:computer_science,;c ((computer science) the use of microcomputers with graphics capacity to produce printed materials) }
{ publication2, noun.Tops:communication,@ (the communication of something to the public; making information generally known) }
{ [ republication, verb.creation:republish,+ ] [ republishing, verb.creation:republish,+ ] publication,@ (the act of publishing again) }
{ contribution1, publication,@ (a writing for publication especially one of a collection of writings as an article or story) }
{ [ serialization, verb.change:serialize,+ ] [ serialisation, verb.change:serialise,+ ] publication,@ (publication in serial form) }
{ [ typography, adj.pert:typographical,+ adj.pert:typographic,+ noun.person:typographer,+ ] trade,@ (the craft of composing type and printing from it) }
{ printing, commercial_enterprise,@ noun.communication:printing,;c (the business of producing printed material for sale or distribution) }
{ [ gravure, verb.creation:engrave,+ ] printing,@ (the act of intaglio printing) }
{ photogravure, rotogravure, gravure,@ (using photography to produce a plate for printing) }
{ [ issue, verb.communication:issue1,+ verb.communication:issue,+ ] [ publication1, verb.creation:publish1,+ verb.communication:publish,+ ] printing,@ (the act of issuing printed materials) }
{ [ packaging, verb.contact:package,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (the business of packing; "his business is packaging for transport") }
{ meatpacking, meat_packing, meat-packing_business, packaging,@ (wholesale packaging of meat for future sale (including slaughtering and processing and distribution to retailers)) }
{ [ unitization2, verb.contact:unitize,+ ] [ unitisation2, verb.contact:unitise,+ ] packaging,@ (the act of packaging cargo into unit loads) }
{ catering, occupation,@ (providing food and services) }
{ agribusiness, [ agriculture1, noun.person:agriculturist,+ ] factory_farm, commercial_enterprise,@ (a large-scale farming enterprise) }
{ truck_farming, farming,@ (growing vegetables for the market) }
{ construction1, [ building1, verb.social:build,+ verb.creation:build10,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (the commercial activity involved in repairing old structures or constructing new ones; "their main business is home construction"; "workers in the building trades") }
{ jerry-building, construction1,@ (construction of inferior buildings for a quick profit) }
{ [ slating, verb.contact:slate,+ ] roofing,@ (the act of laying slates for a roof) }
{ [ transportation1, verb.motion:transport1,+ ] [ shipping, verb.motion:ship,+ ] [ transport, verb.contact:transport1,+ verb.motion:transport1,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ commerce,#p (the commercial enterprise of moving goods and materials) }
{ air_transportation, air_transport, transportation1,@ (transportation by air) }
{ [ navigation2, adj.pert:navigational,+ verb.motion:navigate2,+ ] transportation1,@ (ship traffic; "the channel will be open to navigation as soon as the ice melts") }
{ [ hauling, verb.contact:haul1,+ verb.contact:haul,+ ] [ trucking, verb.motion:truck,+ ] [ truckage, verb.motion:truck,+ ] transportation1,@ (the activity of transporting goods by truck) }
{ [ cartage, verb.contact:cart1,+ ] carting, hauling,@ (the work of taking something away in a cart or truck and disposing of it) }
{ [ freight, verb.motion:freight,+ ] [ freightage, verb.motion:freight,+ verb.contact:freight,+ ] transportation1,@ (transporting goods commercially at rates cheaper than express rates) }
{ [ express, verb.communication:express9,+ ] [ expressage, verb.communication:express9,+ ] transportation1,@ (rapid transport of goods) }
{ [ ferry, verb.motion:ferry2,+ ] [ ferrying, verb.motion:ferry1,+ ] transportation1,@ (transport by boat or aircraft) }
{ carriage_trade, commerce,@ (trade from upper-class customers) }

{ [ transaction, verb.possession:transact14,+ ] [ dealing2, verb.social:deal2,+ verb.possession:deal,+ ] [ dealings, verb.social:deal2,+ verb.possession:deal,+ ] group_action,@ (the act of transacting within or between groups (as carrying on commercial activities); "no transactions are possible without him"; "he has always been honest is his dealings with me") }
{ affairs, transaction,@ (transactions of professional or public interest; "news of current affairs"; "great affairs of state") }
{ world_affairs, international_affairs, affairs,@ (affairs between nations; "you can't really keep up with world affairs by watching television") }
{ operations, trading_operations, transaction,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records) }
{ [ transfer2, verb.possession:transfer,+ ] [ transference, verb.possession:transfer,+ ] transaction,@ (transferring ownership) }
{ alienation1, transfer2,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the voluntary and absolute transfer of title and possession of real property from one person to another; "the power of alienation is an essential ingredient of ownership") }
{ [ conveyance, noun.person:conveyancer,+ verb.possession:convey,+ ] conveyance_of_title, conveyancing, [ conveying, verb.possession:convey,+ ] transfer2,@ (act of transferring property title from one person to another) }
{ quitclaim, transfer2,@ (act of transferring a title or right or claim to another) }
{ [ delivery1, verb.possession:deliver1,+ ] livery, legal_transfer, conveyance,@ (the voluntary transfer of something (title or possession) from one party to another) }
{ [ bailment, verb.possession:bail,+ ] delivery1,@ (the delivery of personal property in trust by the bailor to the bailee) }
{ lend-lease, lease-lend, transfer2,@ (the transfer of goods and services to an ally to aid in a common cause; "lend-lease during World War II was extremely generous") }
{ [ secularization, verb.possession:secularize,+ ] secularisation, transfer2,@ (transfer of property from ecclesiastical to civil possession) }
{ [ exchange3, verb.possession:exchange,+ ] transaction,@ (the act of giving something in return for something received; "deductible losses on sales or exchanges of property are allowable") }
{ [ barter, verb.possession:barter,+ ] [ swap, verb.possession:swap,+ ] [ swop, verb.possession:swop,+ ] [ trade3, verb.possession:trade2,+ verb.possession:trade,+ ] exchange,@ (an equal exchange; "we had no money so we had to live by barter") }
{ horse_trade, horse_trading, barter,@ (the swapping of horses (accompanied by much bargaining)) }
{ [ logrolling1, verb.social:logroll,+ ] exchange3,@ (act of exchanging favors for mutual gain; especially trading of influence or votes among legislators to gain passage of certain projects) }
{ [ deal2, verb.possession:deal11,+ verb.possession:deal,+ ] [ trade2, verb.possession:trade11,+ verb.stative:trade,+ verb.possession:trade,+ verb.possession:trade1,+ ] business_deal, transaction,@ (a particular instance of buying or selling; "it was a package deal"; "I had no further trade with him"; "he's a master of the business deal") }
{ arms_deal, deal2,@ (a deal to provide military arms) }
{ penny_ante1, deal2,@ (a business deal on a trivial scale) }
{ [ downtick, uptick,! ] transaction,@ (a transaction in the stock market at a price below the price of the preceding transaction) }
{ [ uptick, downtick,! ] transaction,@ (a transaction in the stock market at a price above the price of the preceding transaction) }
{ borrowing, transaction,@ (obtaining funds from a lender) }
{ [ pawn, verb.possession:pawn,+ ] borrowing,@ (borrowing and leaving an article as security for repayment of the loan) }
{ [ rental, verb.possession:rent,+ ] [ renting, verb.social:rent1,+ ] transaction,@ noun.artifact:car,;c (the act of paying for the use of something (as an apartment or house or car)) }
{ Seward's_Folly, transaction,@i (the transaction in 1867 in which the United States Secretary of State William Henry Seward purchased Alaska from Russia) }

{ [ importing, verb.possession:import,+ ] [ importation, verb.possession:import,+ ] commerce,@ (the commercial activity of buying and bringing in goods from a foreign country) }
{ [ exporting, verb.possession:export,+ ] [ exportation, verb.possession:export,+ ] commerce,@ (the commercial activity of selling and shipping goods to a foreign country) }
{ [ smuggling, verb.possession:smuggle,+ ] importing,@ (secretly importing prohibited goods or goods on which duty is due) }
{ gunrunning, smuggling,@ (the smuggling of guns and ammunition into a country secretly and illegally) }

{ [ marketing2, verb.change:market,+ ] commerce,@ (the commercial processes involved in promoting and selling and distributing a product or service; "most companies have a manager in charge of marketing") }
{ direct_marketing, marketing2,@ (marketing via a promotion delivered directly to the individual prospective customer) }
{ neuromarketing, neuro-marketing, marketing2,@ (marketing based on studies of  consumers' sensorimotor, cognitive, and affective responses) }
{ [ distribution1, verb.social:distribute,+ ] commerce,@ marketing2,#p (the commercial activity of transporting and selling goods from a producer to a consumer) }
{ [ selling, verb.stative:sell,+ verb.possession:sell1,+ verb.possession:sell,+ ] [ merchandising, verb.possession:merchandise,+ ] [ marketing, verb.possession:market1,+ ] commerce,@ marketing2,#p (the exchange of goods for an agreed sum of money) }
{ distribution_channel, channel, marketing2,@ (a way of selling a company's product either directly or via distributors; "possible distribution channels are wholesalers or small retailers or retail chains or direct mailers or your own stores") }
{ [ traffic1, verb.possession:traffic1,+ verb.possession:traffic,+ ] commerce,@ (buying and selling; especially illicit trade) }
{ drug_traffic, drug_trafficking, narcotraffic, traffic1,@ (traffic in illegal drugs) }
{ simony, barratry3, traffic1,@ (traffic in ecclesiastical offices or preferments) }
{ slave_trade, slave_traffic, traffic1,@ (traffic in slaves; especially in Black Africans transported to America in the 16th to 19th centuries) }
{ [ retail, verb.possession:retail,+ verb.stative:retail,+ wholesale,! ] selling,@ (the selling of goods to consumers; usually in small quantities and not for resale) }
{ [ wholesale, verb.possession:wholesale,+ retail,! ] selling,@ (the selling of goods to merchants; usually in large quantities for resale to consumers) }
{ sale, selling,@ (a particular instance of selling; "he has just made his first sale"; "they had to complete the sale before the banks closed") }
{ [ sellout1, verb.possession:sell_out,+ ] selling,@ (the selling of an entire stock of something; "the latest Xbox game is so popular, shops are warning of a probable sellout before Christmas") }
{ [ divestiture, verb.possession:divest,+ ] sale,@ (the sale by a company of a product line or a subsidiary or a division) }
{ [ sell, verb.stative:sell13,+ verb.possession:sell1,+ verb.stative:sell,+ verb.possession:sell,+ ] sale2,@ (the activity of persuading someone to buy; "it was a hard sell") }
{ [ syndication1, verb.possession:syndicate,+ ] selling,@ (selling (an article or cartoon) for publication in many magazines or newspapers at the same time; "he received a comfortable income from the syndication of his work") }
{ [ dumping, verb.possession:dump1,+ ] selling,@ (selling goods abroad at a price below that charged in the domestic market) }
{ dutch_auction, selling,@ (a method of selling in which the price is reduced until a buyer is found) }
{ [ retailing, verb.stative:retail,+ verb.possession:retail,+ ] selling,@ (the activities involved in selling commodities directly to consumers) }
{ telemarketing, teleselling, telecommerce, selling,@ (the use of the telephone as an interactive medium for promotion and sales) }
{ telemetry, measurement,@ (automatic transmission and measurement of data from remote sources by wire or radio or other means) }
{ [ thermometry, adj.pert:thermometric,+ ] measurement,@ (the measurement of temperature) }
{ [ thermogravimetry, adj.pert:thermogravimetric,+ ] measurement,@ chemical_analysis,@ (the measurement of changes in weight as a function of changes in temperature used as a technique of chemically analyzing substances) }
{ tonometry, measurement,@ (the measurement of intraocular pressure by determining the amount of force needed to make a slight indentation in the cornea) }
{ telephone_order, telemarketing,@ (receiving orders via telephone) }
{ [ vending, verb.possession:vend,+ ] [ peddling, verb.possession:peddle,+ ] [ hawking, verb.possession:hawk,+ ] [ vendition, verb.possession:vend,+ ] selling,@ (the act of selling goods for a living) }
{ [ venture1, adj.all:adventurous^venturous,+ verb.social:venture,+ ] commercial_enterprise,@ (a commercial undertaking that risks a loss but promises a profit) }
{ [ viscometry, adj.pert:viscometric,+ ] [ viscosimetry, adj.pert:viscosimetric,+ ] measurement,@ (the measurement of viscosity) }
{ resale, selling,@ (the selling of something purchased) }
{ sale2, selling,@ (the general activity of selling; "they tried to boost sales"; "laws limit the sale of handguns") }
{ sale1, cut-rate_sale, sales_event, noun.state:occasion,@ (an occasion (usually brief) for buying at specially reduced prices; "they held a sale to reduce their inventory"; "I got some great bargains at their annual sale") }
{ bazaar, fair, sale1,@ (a sale of miscellany; often for charity; "the church bazaar") }
{ book_fair, bookfair, bazaar,@ (bazaar at which books are sold or auctioned off in order to raise funds for a worthy cause) }
{ craft_fair, bazaar,@ (a fair at which objects made by craftsmen are offered for sale) }
{ car_boot_sale, boot_sale, sale1,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (an outdoor sale at which people sell things from the trunk of their car) }
{ clearance_sale, inventory-clearance_sale, sale1,@ (a sale to reduce inventory) }
{ [ closeout, verb.possession:close_out,+ ] sale1,@ (a sale intended to dispose of all remaining stock) }
{ fire_sale, sale1,@ (a sale of merchandise supposedly damaged by fire) }
{ fire_sale1, sale1,@ (a sale of assets at very low prices typically when the seller faces bankruptcy) }
{ garage_sale, yard_sale, sale1,@ (an outdoor sale of used personal or household items held on the seller's premises) }
{ going-out-of-business_sale, sale1,@ (a sale of all the tangible assets of a business that is about to close; "during the Great Depression going-out-of-business sales were very common") }
{ [ realization1, verb.possession:realize,+ ] [ realisation1, verb.possession:realise,+ ] sale1,@ (a sale in order to obtain money (as a sale of stock or a sale of the estate of a bankrupt person) or the money so obtained) }
{ rummage_sale, jumble_sale, sale1,@ (a sale of donated articles) }
{ selloff, sale1,@ (a sale of a relatively large number of assets (stocks or bonds or commodities) at a low price typically done to dispose of them rather than as normal trade) }
{ white_sale, sale1,@ (a sale of household linens) }

{ undertaking1, trade,@ (the trade of a funeral director) }
{ [ upholstery, verb.possession:upholster,+ ] trade,@ (the craft of upholstering) }

{ [ payment, verb.possession:pay14,+ verb.possession:pay4,+ verb.possession:pay,+ nonpayment,! ] [ defrayal, verb.possession:defray,+ ] [ defrayment, verb.possession:defray,+ ] commerce,@ (the act of paying money) }
{ evasion2, [ nonpayment, payment,! ] commerce,@ (the deliberate act of failing to pay money; "his evasion of all his creditors"; "he was indicted for nonpayment") }
{ [ amortization, verb.possession:amortize,+ ] [ amortisation, verb.possession:amortise,+ ] payment,@ (payment of an obligation in a series of installments or transfers) }
{ fee_splitting, payment,@ (payment (usually by doctors or lawyers) of part of the fee in return for the referral) }
{ [ overpayment, verb.possession:overpay,+ ] payment,@ (the act of paying too much) }
{ [ prepayment, verb.possession:prepay,+ ] payment,@ (payment in advance) }
{ [ ransom1, verb.possession:ransom,+ ] payment,@ (payment for the release of someone) }
{ [ refund, verb.possession:refund,+ ] [ repayment, verb.possession:repay1,+ verb.possession:repay,+ ] payment,@ (the act of returning money received previously) }
{ [ remuneration, verb.possession:remunerate,+ ] payment,@ (the act of paying for goods or services or to recompense for losses; "adequate remuneration for his work") }
{ [ rendering, verb.communication:render,+ ] payment,@ (giving in acknowledgment of obligation) }
{ [ spending, verb.possession:spend1,+ verb.possession:spend,+ ] [ disbursement, verb.possession:disburse,+ ] [ disbursal, verb.possession:disburse,+ ] outlay, payment,@ (the act of spending or disbursing money) }
{ tribute1, payment,@ (payment by one nation for protection by another) }
{ [ underpayment, verb.possession:underpay,+ ] payment,@ (the act of paying less than required) }
{ [ expending, verb.possession:expend,+ ] [ expenditure, verb.possession:expend,+ ] spending,@ (the act of spending money for goods or services) }
{ deficit_spending, compensatory_spending, pump_priming1, spending,@ (spending money raised by borrowing; used by governments to stimulate their economy) }
{ amortization1, amortisation1, reduction,@ (the reduction of the value of an asset by prorating its cost over a period of years) }
{ [ migration, adj.pert:migrational,+ verb.motion:migrate,+ ] motion1,@ (the movement of persons from one country or locality to another) }
{ gold_rush, migration,@ (a large migration of people to a newly discovered gold field) }
{ [ stampede, verb.motion:stampede,+ ] group_action,@ (a headlong rush of people on a common impulse; "when he shouted `fire' there was a stampede to the exits") }

{ social_control, group_action,@ (control exerted (actively or passively) by group action) }
{ auto_limitation, social_control,@ (social control achieved as a manifestation of self-will or general consent) }
{ [ sanction2, verb.communication:sanction2,+ ] social_control,@ (a mechanism of social control for enforcing a society's standards) }
{ population_control, social_control,@ (control over the growth of population; a government program) }
{ politics1, activity,@ affairs,@ (the activities and affairs involved in managing a state or a government; "unemployment dominated the politics of the inter-war years"; "government agencies multiplied beyond the control of representative politics") }
{ [ government, verb.social:govern1,+ ] [ governing, verb.social:govern,+ ] [ governance, verb.social:govern,+ ] government_activity, administration4, social_control,@ (the act of governing; exercising authority; "regulations for the governing of state prisons"; "he had considerable experience of government") }
{ [ misgovernment, verb.social:misgovern,+ ] misrule, government,@ (government that is inefficient or dishonest) }
{ [ legislation, verb.social:legislate,+ ] legislating, lawmaking, government,@ noun.communication:legislation,;c noun.group:law,;c (the act of making or enacting laws) }
{ [ criminalization, decriminalization,! ] [ criminalisation, decriminalisation,! ] legislation,@ (legislation that makes something illegal; "the criminalization of marijuana") }
{ [ decriminalization, criminalization,! ] [ decriminalisation, criminalisation,! ] legislation,@ (legislation that makes something legal that was formerly illegal) }
{ trust_busting, government,@ noun.location:US,;r noun.group:law,;c ((law) government activities seeking to dissolve corporate trusts and monopolies (especially under the United States antitrust laws)) }
{ winemaking, wine_making, trade,@ (the craft and science of growing grapes and making wine) }
{ viticulture, viniculture, culture,@ (the cultivation of grapes and grape vines; grape growing) }
{ [ enactment1, verb.social:enact,+ ] [ passage1, verb.social:pass2,+ ] legislation,@ noun.group:law,;c (the passing of a law by a legislative body) }
{ [ enforcement, verb.social:enforce1,+ verb.social:enforce,+ ] social_control,@ (the act of enforcing; ensuring observance of or obedience to) }
{ [ coercion1, verb.social:coerce,+ ] enforcement,@ (the act of compelling by force of authority) }
{ [ execution3, verb.creation:execute,+ ] [ implementation1, verb.change:implement,+ ] carrying_out, enforcement,@ (the act of accomplishing some aim or executing some order; "the agency was created for the implementation of the policy") }
{ [ imposition2, verb.possession:impose,+ verb.communication:impose,+ ] infliction, enforcement,@ noun.possession:tax,;c (the act of imposing something (as a tax or an embargo)) }
{ [ protection3, verb.competition:protect1,+ ] trade_protection, imposition2,@ (the imposition of duties or quotas on imports in order to protect domestic industry against foreign competition; "he made trade protection a plank in the party platform") }
{ law_enforcement, enforcement,@ noun.group:law,;c (ensuring obedience to the laws) }
{ vigilantism, law_enforcement,@ (the actions of a vigilance committee in trying to enforce the laws) }
{ [ domination, verb.stative:dominate1,+ ] social_control,@ (social control by dominating) }
{ bossism, domination,@ (domination of a political organization by a party boss) }
{ [ mastery, verb.social:master,+ ] [ subordination, verb.change:subordinate3,+ ] domination,@ (the act of mastering or subordinating someone) }
{ [ monopolization, verb.possession:monopolize,+ ] [ monopolisation, verb.possession:monopolise,+ ] domination,@ (domination (of a market or commodity) to the exclusion of others) }
{ [ socialization, verb.social:socialize,+ verb.change:socialize1,+ ] [ socialisation, verb.social:socialise,+ verb.change:socialise1,+ ] [ acculturation, adj.pert:acculturational,+ verb.change:acculturate,+ ] enculturation, social_control,@ (the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture; "the socialization of children to the norms of their culture") }
{ cultivation1, socialization,@ (socialization through training and education to develop one's mind or manners; "her cultivation was remarkable") }
{ breeding1, bringing_up, [ fostering, verb.social:foster,+ verb.communication:foster,+ ] [ fosterage, verb.communication:foster,+ ] [ nurture, adj.all:noninheritable^nurtural,+ verb.social:nurture,+ verb.communication:nurture,+ ] raising1, [ rearing, verb.social:rear,+ ] upbringing, socialization,@ (helping someone grow up to be an accepted member of the community; "they debated whether nature or nurture was more important") }
{ [ duty, adj.all:obedient^duteous,+ ] responsibility, [ obligation, verb.social:obligate,+ verb.social:oblige,+ ] social_control,@ (the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force; "we must instill a sense of duty in our children"; "every right implies a responsibility; every opportunity, an obligation; every possession, a duty"- John D.Rockefeller Jr) }
{ moral_obligation, duty,@ (an obligation arising out of considerations of right and wrong; "he did it out of a feeling of moral obligation") }
{ noblesse_oblige, duty,@ noun.communication:French,;u (the obligation of those of high rank to be honorable and generous (often used ironically)) }
{ burden_of_proof, duty,@ (the duty of proving a disputed charge) }
{ civic_duty, civic_responsibility, duty,@ (the responsibilities of a citizen) }
{ jury_duty, civic_duty,@ (the civic duty to serve on a jury) }
{ filial_duty, duty,@ (duty of a child to its parents) }
{ imperative, duty,@ (some duty that is essential and urgent) }
{ incumbency1, duty,@ (a duty that is incumbent upon you) }
{ legal_duty, duty,@ noun.group:law,;c (acts which the law requires be done or forborne) }
{ fiduciary_duty, legal_duty,@ (the legal duty of a fiduciary to act in the best interests of the beneficiary) }
{ due_care, ordinary_care, reasonable_care, care2,@ (the care that a reasonable man would exercise under the circumstances; the standard for determining legal duty) }
{ foster_care, care2,@ (supervised care for delinquent or neglected children usually in an institution or substitute home) }
{ great_care, care2,@ (more attention and consideration than is normally bestowed by prudent persons; "the pilot exercised great care in landing") }
{ [ providence, adj.all:heavenly^providential,+ ] care2,@ (the guardianship and control exercised by a deity; "divine providence") }
{ slight_care, care2,@ (such care as a careless or inattentive person would exercise) }
{ line_of_duty, duty,@ (all that is normally required in some area of responsibility) }
{ white_man's_burden, duty,@ (the supposed responsibility of the white race to provide care for their non-white subjects) }
{ [ obedience2, adj.all:obedient,+ ] respect2, filial_duty,@ (behavior intended to please your parents; "their children were never very strong on obedience"; "he went to law school out of respect for his father's wishes") }
{ [ occupation2, verb.competition:occupy,+ ] military_control, social_control,@ noun.group:military,;c (the control of a country by military forces of a foreign power) }
{ [ management, verb.social:manage1,+ verb.social:manage,+ ] direction, social_control,@ (the act of managing something; "he was given overall management of the program"; "is the direction of the economy a function of government?") }
{ [ conducting1, verb.creation:conduct4,+ verb.creation:conduct,+ ] management,@ (the direction of an orchestra or choir; "he does not use a baton for conducting") }
{ database_management, management,@ (creation and maintenance of a database) }
{ [ finance1, adj.pert:financial,+ verb.possession:finance1,+ verb.possession:finance,+ ] management,@ noun.cognition:finance,;c (the management of money and credit and banking and investments) }
{ homemaking, management,@ (the management of a household) }
{ [ misconduct1, verb.social:misconduct,+ ] management,@ (bad or dishonest management by persons supposed to act on another's behalf) }
{ [ mismanagement, verb.social:mismanage,+ ] misdirection, management,@ (management that is careless or inefficient; "he accomplished little due to the mismanagement of his energies") }
{ [ screwup, verb.social:screw_up,+ ] mismanagement,@ (the complete mismanagement or mishandling of a situation; "a typical bureaucratic screwup") }
{ [ treatment1, verb.change:treat1,+ ] [ handling2, verb.social:handle,+ ] management,@ (the management of someone or something; "the handling of prisoners"; "the treatment of water sewage"; "the right to equal treatment in the criminal justice system") }
{ bioremediation, treatment1,@ noun.animal:bacteria,;c (the act of treating waste or pollutants by the use of microorganisms (as bacteria) that can break down the undesirable substances) }
{ [ dealing1, verb.social:deal9,+ verb.social:deal4,+ ] treatment1,@ (method or manner of conduct in relation to others; "honest dealing") }
{ [ supervision, verb.social:supervise,+ verb.perception:supervise,+ ] [ supervising, verb.social:supervise,+ ] [ superintendence, verb.social:superintend,+ ] oversight1, management,@ (management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group) }
{ [ invigilation, verb.social:invigilate,+ ] supervision,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (keeping watch over examination candidates to prevent cheating) }
{ [ administration, verb.social:administer,+ ] disposal2, management,@ business1,;c (a method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs)) }
{ [ conducting, verb.social:conduct,+ ] administration,@ (the way of administering a business) }
{ line_management, administration,@ (administration of the activities contributing directly to an organization's output) }
{ [ organization, verb.social:organize1,+ verb.social:organize,+ verb.creation:organize,+ verb.cognition:organize,+ verb.change:organize,+ ] [ organisation, verb.social:organise1,+ verb.social:organise,+ verb.cognition:organise,+ verb.change:organise,+ ] administration,@ (the act of organizing a business or an activity related to a business; "he was brought in to supervise the organization of a new department") }
{ [ running2, verb.social:run2,+ ] administration,@ (the act of administering or being in charge of something; "he has responsibility for the running of two companies at the same time") }
{ administrivia, running2,@ (the tiresome but essential details that must be taken care of and tasks that must be performed in running an organization; "he sets policy and leaves all the administrivia to his assistant") }
{ polity, administration,@ (shrewd or crafty management of public affairs; "we was innocent of stratagems and polity") }
{ nonprofit_organization, nonprofit, not-for-profit, organization,@ (an organization chartered for other than profit-making activities) }
{ [ rationalization2, verb.possession:rationalize,+ ] [ rationalisation2, verb.possession:rationalise,+ ] organization,@ (the organization of a business according to scientific principles of management in order to increase efficiency) }
{ [ reorganization, verb.social:reorganize1,+ verb.social:reorganize,+ ] reorganisation, [ shake-up, verb.social:shake_up,+ ] [ shakeup, verb.social:shake_up,+ ] organization,@ (the imposition of a new organization; organizing differently (often involving extensive and drastic changes); "a committee was appointed to oversee the reorganization of the curriculum"; "top officials were forced out in the cabinet shakeup") }
{ self-organization, self-organisation, organization,@ (organizing yourself (especially organizing your own labor union)) }
{ [ syndication, verb.social:syndicate,+ ] organization,@ (organizing into or administering as a syndicate) }

{ [ authorization, verb.social:authorize,+ ] [ authorisation, verb.communication:authorise,+ ] [ empowerment, verb.social:empower,+ ] management,@ (the act of conferring legality or sanction or formal warrant) }
{ [ sanction1, verb.social:sanction1,+ ] authorization,@ (the act of final authorization; "it had the sanction of the church") }
{ [ license, verb.social:license,+ ] [ permission, verb.communication:permit,+ ] [ permit, verb.communication:permit6,+ verb.communication:permit,+ ] authorization,@ (the act of giving a formal (usually written) authorization) }
{ benefit_of_clergy, sanction1,@ (sanction by a religious rite; "they are living together without benefit of clergy") }
{ name, sanction1,@ (by the sanction or authority of; "halt in the name of the law") }
{ nihil_obstat, sanction1,@ (authoritative approval) }
{ [ certification, verb.social:certify2,+ verb.social:certify,+ ] [ enfranchisement, disenfranchisement,! ] authorization,@ (the act of certifying or bestowing a franchise on) }
{ [ disenfranchisement, verb.social:disenfranchise,+ enfranchisement,! ] management,@ (the act of withdrawing certification or terminating a franchise) }
{ [ accreditation, verb.social:accredit,+ ] certification,@ (the act of granting credit or recognition (especially with respect to educational institution that maintains suitable standards); "a commission is responsible for the accreditation of medical schools") }
{ [ commission2, noun.person:commissioner,+ ] [ commissioning, verb.social:commission,+ ] authorization,@ (the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions) }
{ [ mandate, verb.social:mandate,+ ] commission2,@ noun.cognition:politics,;c (the commission that is given to a government and its policies through an electoral victory) }
{ [ delegating, verb.social:delegate1,+ ] [ delegation, verb.social:delegate1,+ verb.social:delegate,+ ] [ relegating, verb.social:relegate2,+ ] [ relegation, verb.social:relegate2,+ ] [ deputation, verb.social:depute3,+ verb.social:depute1,+ verb.social:depute,+ ] authorization,@ (authorizing subordinates to make certain decisions) }
{ [ devolution, verb.social:devolve2,+ ] [ devolvement, verb.social:devolve2,+ ] delegating,@ government,;c (the delegation of authority (especially from a central to a regional government)) }
{ loan_approval, authorization,@ (formal authorization to get a loan (usually from a bank)) }
{ rubber_stamp, authorization,@ (routine authorization of an action without questions) }
{ [ clearance, verb.communication:clear1,+ ] permission,@ (permission to proceed; "the plane was given clearance to land") }
{ conge, congee, permission,@ (formal permission to depart; "he gave me his conge") }
{ [ allowance, verb.communication:allow6,+ ] permission,@ (the act of allowing; "He objected to the allowance of smoking in the dining room") }
{ [ dispensation1, verb.social:dispense,+ ] permission,@ (an exemption from some rule or obligation) }
{ variance1, dispensation1,@ (an official dispensation to act contrary to a rule or regulation (typically a building regulation); "a zoning variance") }
{ [ toleration, verb.social:tolerate1,+ ] permission,@ noun.cognition:religion,;c (official recognition of the right of individuals to hold dissenting opinions (especially in religion)) }
{ [ channelization, verb.contact:channelize,+ verb.motion:channel,+ verb.contact:channel,+ ] [ channelisation, verb.motion:channelise3,+ verb.contact:channelise,+ verb.motion:channel,+ verb.contact:channel,+ ] canalization1, canalisation1, management,@ (management through specified channels of communication) }
{ [ canalization, verb.possession:canalize,+ verb.possession:canal,+ ] [ canalisation, verb.possession:canalise,+ verb.possession:canal,+ ] production,@ (the production of a canal or a conversion to canals) }
{ [ preparation2, verb.change:prepare,+ ] [ readying, verb.change:ready,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose; "preparations for the ceremony had begun") }
{ warm_up, preparation2,@ (performing mild exercises to prepare for some more strenuous activity; "the singers have to warm up"; "the marathon runner did not warm up and hurt himself")}
{ [ deployment, verb.contact:deploy,+ verb.competition:deploy,+ ] preparation2,@ (the distribution of forces in preparation for battle or work) }
{ groundwork, preparation2,@ (preliminary preparation as a basis or foundation; "we are prepared today because of groundwork that was done ten years ago") }
{ [ redeployment, verb.contact:redeploy,+ ] [ redisposition, verb.possession:redispose,+ ] deployment,@ (the withdrawal and redistribution of forces in an attempt to use them more effectively) }
{ makeready, preparation2,@ (final preparation and adjustments) }
{ priming1, preparation2,@ (the act of making something ready) }
{ [ planning, verb.cognition:plan,+ ] preparation2,@ (an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action; "the planning was more fun than the trip itself") }
{ [ scheduling, verb.communication:schedule,+ verb.cognition:schedule,+ ] [ programming1, verb.communication:programme,+ ] [ programing1, verb.communication:program,+ ] planning,@ (setting an order and time for planned events) }
{ turnaround2, turnround, preparation2,@ (act or process of unloading and loading and servicing a vessel or aircraft for a return trip) }
{ [ warm-up, verb.body:warm_up,+ verb.body:warm_up1,+ ] tune-up1, prolusion, preparation2,@ (exercising in preparation for strenuous activity) }
{ [ guidance1, verb.social:guide,+ ] [ steering1, verb.motion:steer,+ ] management,@ (the act of guiding or showing the way) }

{ coup_d'etat, coup, putsch, [ takeover2, verb.possession:take_over7,+ ] group_action,@ (a sudden and decisive change of government illegally or by force) }
{ countercoup, coup_d'etat,@ (a sudden and decisive overthrow of a government that gained power by a coup d'etat) }

{ [ restraint, verb.change:restrain1,+ ] control,@ (the act of controlling by restraining someone or something; "the unlawful restraint of trade") }
{ collar2, leash, restraint,@ (a figurative restraint; "asked for a collar on program trading in the stock market"; "kept a tight leash on his emotions"; "he's always gotten a long leash") }
{ [ damper, verb.change:damp4,+ ] restraint,@ (a depressing restraint; "rain put a damper on our picnic plans") }
{ bridle, [ check1, verb.social:check8,+ verb.social:check2,+ ] [ curb, verb.change:curb,+ verb.social:curb,+ ] restraint,@ (the act of restraining power or action or limiting excess; "his common sense is a bridle to his quick temper") }
{ [ immobilization, verb.change:immobilize,+ ] [ immobilisation, verb.change:immobilise,+ ] [ immobilizing, verb.contact:immobilize,+ verb.change:immobilize,+ ] restraint,@ (the act of limiting movement or making incapable of movement; "the storm caused complete immobilization of the rescue team") }
{ [ confinement, verb.social:confine,+ ] restraint,@ (the act of restraining of a person's liberty by confining them) }
{ [ imprisonment, verb.social:imprison,+ ] [ internment, verb.social:intern2,+ ] confinement,@ (the act of confining someone in a prison (or as if in a prison)) }
{ lockdown, imprisonment,@ (the act of confining prisoners to their cells (usually to regain control during a riot)) }
{ house_arrest, confinement,@ (confinement to your own home) }
{ false_imprisonment, imprisonment,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) confinement without legal authority) }
{ custody1, imprisonment,@ (holding by the police; "the suspect is in custody") }
{ [ containment, verb.competition:contain,+ ] restraint,@ (the act of containing; keeping something from spreading; "the containment of the AIDS epidemic"; "the containment of the rebellion") }
{ ring_containment, containment,@ terrorism,;c (a strategy of defense in cases of bioterrorism; vaccination only of people exposed and others who are in contact with them; "ring containment is a proven method of halting a smallpox epidemic") }
{ [ suppression1, verb.change:suppress,+ ] curtailment, restraint,@ (the act of withholding or withdrawing some book or writing from publication or circulation; "a suppression of the newspaper") }
{ [ crackdown, verb.change:crack_down10,+ ] suppression2,@ (severely repressive actions) }
{ [ regimentation, verb.social:regiment2,+ ] imposition2,@ (the imposition of order or discipline) }
{ [ reimposition, verb.possession:reimpose,+ ] imposition2,@ (imposition again) }
{ restraint_of_trade, restraint,@ (any act that tends to prevent free competition in business) }
{ [ restriction1, verb.change:restrict,+ ] confinement1, restraint,@ (the act of keeping something within specified bounds (by force if necessary); "the restriction of the infection to a focal area") }
{ [ classification1, verb.social:classify,+ declassification,! ] restriction1,@ (restriction imposed by the government on documents or weapons that are available only to certain authorized people) }
{ [ declassification, verb.social:declassify,+ classification1,! ] reduction,@ (reduction or removal by the government of restrictions on a classified document or weapon) }
{ [ stipulation, verb.communication:stipulate,+ ] [ specification1, verb.communication:specify3,+ ] restriction1,@ (a restriction that is insisted upon as a condition for an agreement) }
{ [ circumscription, verb.contact:circumscribe1,+ verb.contact:circumscribe,+ verb.change:circumscribe,+ ] restriction1,@ (the act of circumscribing) }
{ constraint, restriction1,@ (the act of constraining; the threat or use of force to control the thoughts or behavior of others) }
{ swaddling_clothes, constraint,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (restrictions placed on the immature) }
{ [ constriction, verb.contact:constrict,+ ] compression,@ (the action or process of compressing) }
{ vasoconstriction, constriction,@ (decrease in the diameter of blood vessels) }

{ privation, [ deprivation, verb.possession:deprive1,+ verb.possession:deprive,+ verb.change:deprive,+ ] social_control,@ (act of depriving someone of food or money or rights; "nutritional privation"; "deprivation of civil rights") }
{ [ pauperization, verb.possession:pauperize,+ ] [ pauperisation, verb.possession:pauperise,+ ] [ impoverishment, verb.possession:impoverish,+ verb.change:impoverish,+ ] privation,@ (the act of making someone poor) }
{ [ starvation, verb.consumption:starve3,+ ] [ starving, verb.consumption:starve3,+ ] privation,@ (the act of depriving of food or subjecting to famine; "the besiegers used starvation to induce surrender"; "they were charged with the starvation of children in their care") }
{ appeasement, calming, social_control,@ (the act of appeasing (as by acceding to the demands of)) }
{ [ pacification, verb.emotion:pacify,+ ] [ mollification, verb.emotion:mollify,+ verb.change:mollify1,+ ] appeasement,@ (the act of appeasing someone or causing someone to be more favorably inclined; "a wonderful skill in the pacification of crying infants"; "his unsuccessful mollification of the mob") }
{ [ placation, verb.emotion:placate,+ ] [ conciliation, verb.emotion:conciliate,+ ] [ propitiation, verb.communication:propitiate,+ ] appeasement,@ (the act of placating and overcoming distrust and animosity) }
{ [ internationalization, verb.social:internationalize,+ ] [ internationalisation, verb.social:internationalise,+ ] group_action,@ (the act of bringing something under international control) }
{ [ nationalization, verb.change:nationalize,+ denationalization,! ] [ nationalisation, verb.change:nationalise,+ ] [ communization2, verb.change:communize,+ ] communisation2, social_control,@ (changing something from private to state ownership or control) }
{ [ denationalization, verb.change:denationalize,+ nationalization,! ] [ denationalisation, verb.change:denationalise,+ ] [ privatization, verb.change:privatize,+ ] [ privatisation, verb.change:privatise,+ ] social_control,@ (changing something from state to private ownership or control) }
{ [ nationalization1, verb.change:nationalize1,+ ] [ nationalisation1, verb.change:nationalise1,+ ] change,@ (the action of rendering national in character) }
{ nationalization2, nationalisation2, group_action,@ (the action of forming or becoming a nation) }
{ [ detribalization1, verb.change:detribalize,+ ] [ detribalisation1, verb.change:detribalise,+ ] social_control,@ (the act of causing tribal people to abandon their customs and adopt urban ways of living) }
{ [ collectivization, verb.social:collectivize,+ ] [ collectivisation, verb.social:collectivise,+ ] constitution,@ (the organization of a nation or economy on the basis of collectivism) }
{ [ communization, verb.change:communize1,+ ] [ communisation, verb.change:communise1,+ ] constitution,@ (the organization of a nation of the basis of communism) }
{ communization1, [ communisation1, verb.change:communise,+ ] change,@ (a change from private property to public property owned by the community) }
{ [ federation, verb.change:federate,+ ] constitution,@ (the act of constituting a political unity out of a number of separate states or colonies or provinces so that each member retains the management of its internal affairs) }
{ [ discrimination, verb.social:discriminate12,+ ] favoritism, favouritism, social_control,@ (unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice) }
{ [ patronage1, verb.consumption:patronage,+ ] social_control,@ noun.cognition:politics,;c ((politics) granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support) }
{ nomenklatura, patronage1,@ (the system of patronage in communist countries; controlled by committees in the Communist Party) }
{ ableism, ablism, able-bodiedism, able-bodism, discrimination,@ (discrimination in favor of the able-bodied) }
{ ageism, agism, discrimination,@ (discrimination on the basis of a person's age) }
{ cronyism, discrimination,@ (favoritism shown to friends and associates (as by appointing them to positions without regard for their qualifications)) }
{ fattism, fatism, discrimination,@ (discrimination against people who are overweight) }
{ heterosexism, discrimination,@ (discrimination in favor of heterosexual and against homosexual people) }
{ nepotism, discrimination,@ (favoritism shown to relatives or close friends by those in power (as by giving them jobs)) }
{ [ racism, noun.person:racist,+ ] [ racialism, noun.person:racialist,+ ] racial_discrimination, discrimination,@ (discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of another race) }
{ racial_profiling, racism,@ (a form of racism consisting of the (alleged) policy of policemen who stop and search vehicles driven by persons belonging to particular racial groups) }
{ [ secularization1, verb.change:secularize,+ ] [ secularisation1, verb.change:secularise,+ ] change,@ (the activity of changing something (art or education or society or morality etc.) so it is no longer under the control or influence of religion) }
{ [ rollover, verb.possession:roll_over,+ ] change,@ (the act of changing the institution that invests your pension plan without incurring a tax penalty) }
{ [ sexism, noun.person:sexist,+ ] discrimination,@ (discriminatory or abusive behavior towards members of the opposite sex) }
{ male_chauvinism, [ chauvinism1, noun.person:chauvinist1,+ ] [ antifeminism, noun.person:antifeminist,+ ] sexism,@ (activity indicative of belief in the superiority of men over women) }
{ sexual_discrimination, sexism,@ (discrimination (usually in employment) that excludes one sex (usually women) to the benefit of the other sex) }
{ [ mobilization1, verb.competition:mobilize1,+ verb.competition:mobilize,+ verb.change:mobilize2,+ demobilization,!] [ mobilisation1, verb.competition:mobilise1,+ verb.competition:mobilise,+ verb.change:mobilise2,+ ] [ militarization, verb.competition:militarize,+ verb.change:militarize,+ ] [ militarisation, verb.competition:militarise,+ verb.change:militarise,+ ] social_control,@ (act of assembling and putting into readiness for war or other emergency: "mobilization of the troops") }
{ [ arming, disarming,!] [ armament, verb.competition:arm,+ disarmament,!] [ equipping, verb.possession:equip,+ ] mobilization1,@ (the act of equiping with weapons in preparation for war) }
{ [ outfitting, verb.possession:outfit,+ ] arming,@ (the act of renovating and fitting out a ship) }
{ refit, outfitting,@ (outfitting a ship again (by repairing or replacing parts)) }
{ [ rearmament, verb.possession:rearm,+ verb.competition:rearm,+ ] arming,@ (the act of arming again; "he opposed the rearmament of Japan after World War II") }
{ [ disarming, adj.all:unprovocative^disarming,+ verb.competition:disarm1,+ verb.competition:disarm,+ arming,!] [ disarmament, verb.competition:disarm1,+ verb.competition:disarm,+ armament,!] demobilization,@ (act of reducing or depriving of arms; "the disarmament of the aggressor nations must be complete") }
{ [ conscription, verb.competition:conscript,+ ] [ muster, verb.communication:muster,+ ] [ draft3, verb.competition:draft,+ ] selective_service, mobilization1,@ noun.group:military,;c (compulsory military service) }
{ [ levy1, verb.competition:levy,+ ] levy_en_masse, conscription,@ (the act of drafting into military service) }
{ [ demobilization, verb.competition:demobilize3,+ verb.competition:demobilize,+ mobilization1,!] [ demobilisation, verb.competition:demobilise3,+ verb.competition:demobilise,+ ] social_control,@ (act of changing from a war basis to a peace basis including disbanding or discharging troops; "demobilization of factories"; "immediate demobilization of the reserves") }
{ [ remilitarization, verb.competition:remilitarize,+ ] [ remilitarisation, verb.competition:remilitarise,+ ] militarization,@ (the act of militarizing again) }
{ [ standardization1, verb.cognition:standardize,+ ] [ standardisation1, verb.change:standardise,+ ] [ normalization, verb.change:normalize1,+ ] [ normalisation, verb.change:normalise1,+ ] social_control,@ (the imposition of standards or regulations; "a committee was appointed to recommend terminological standardization") }
{ [ stabilization, verb.change:stabilize1,+ destabilization,! ] [ stabilisation, verb.change:stabilise1,+ verb.change:stabilise,+ destabilisation,! ] standardization1,@ (the act of stabilizing something or making it more stable; "he worked for price stabilization for farm products"; "wage stabilization is necessary for industrial peace"; "stabilization means that the product can be handled under atmospheric conditions") }
{ [ destabilization, verb.change:destabilize1,+ verb.change:destabilize,+ stabilization,! ] [ destabilisation, verb.change:destabilise1,+ verb.change:destabilise,+ stabilisation,! ] action2,@ government,;c (the action of destabilizing; making something less stable (especially of a government or country or economy)) }
{ [ stylization, verb.creation:stylize,+ ] [ stylisation, verb.creation:stylise,+ ] standardization1,@ (the act of stylizing; causing to conform to a particular style) }
{ [ conventionalization, verb.creation:conventionalize,+ verb.change:conventionalize,+ ] [ conventionalisation, verb.change:conventionalise,+ ] stylization,@ (the act of conventionalizing; conforming to a conventional style) }
{ [ taxation, verb.possession:tax,+ ] imposition2,@ (the imposition of taxes; the practice of the government in levying taxes on the subjects of a state) }

{ [ punishment, verb.social:punish,+ ] [ penalty, verb.social:penalise,+ ] [ penalization, verb.social:penalize,+ ] [ penalisation, verb.social:penalise,+ ] social_control,@ (the act of punishing) }
{ [ beating, verb.contact:beat1,+ ] [ thrashing, verb.contact:thrash,+ ] licking, drubbing, lacing, [ trouncing1, verb.contact:trounce,+ ] [ whacking, verb.contact:whack,+ ] corporal_punishment,@ (the act of inflicting corporal punishment with repeated blows) }
{ [ castigation, verb.social:castigate,+ verb.communication:castigate,+ ] [ chastisement, verb.communication:chastise,+ ] punishment,@ (verbal punishment) }
{ corporal_punishment, punishment,@ (the infliction of physical injury on someone convicted of committing a crime) }
{ cruel_and_unusual_punishment, punishment,@ (punishment prohibited by the 8th amendment to the U.S. Constitution; includes torture or degradation or punishment too severe for the crime committed) }
{ [ detention, verb.social:detain,+ ] punishment,@ (a punishment in which a student must stay at school after others have gone home; "the detention of tardy pupils") }
{ [ discipline1, adj.pert:disciplinary1,+ verb.social:discipline,+ ] [ correction2, adj.all:punitive^correctional,+ verb.social:correct,+ ] punishment,@ (the act of disciplining; "the offenders deserved the harsh discipline they received") }
{ economic_strangulation, punishment,@ (punishment of a group by cutting off commercial dealings with them; "the economic strangulation of the Jews by the Nazi Party") }
{ self-flagellation, whipping,@ self-punishment,@ (self-punishment inflicted by whipping) }
{ [ imprisonment1, verb.social:imprison,+ ] punishment,@ noun.group:law,;c (putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment) }
{ music2, medicine2, punishment,@ (punishment for one's actions; "you have to face the music"; "take your medicine") }
{ self-punishment, punishment,@ (punishment inflicted on yourself) }
{ [ spanking, verb.contact:spank,+ ] discipline1,@ (the act of slapping on the buttocks; "he gave the brat a good spanking") }
{ stick, punishment,@ (threat of a penalty; "the policy so far is all stick and no carrot") }
{ [ whipping, verb.contact:whip,+ ] tanning1, [ flogging, verb.contact:flog1,+ verb.contact:flog,+ ] lashing, [ flagellation, verb.contact:flagellate,+ ] beating,@ (beating with a whip or strap or rope as a form of punishment) }
{ flagellation1, beating,@ (beating as a source of erotic or religious stimulation) }
{ [ horsewhipping, verb.contact:horsewhip,+ ] whipping,@ (the act of whipping with a horsewhip; "that villain needs a good horsewhipping") }
{ electric_shock1, corporal_punishment,@ torture,@ (the use of electricity to administer punishment or torture; "they used cattle prods to administer electric shocks") }
{ [ execution, noun.person:executioner,+ verb.social:execute,+ ] [ executing, verb.social:execute,+ ] capital_punishment, death_penalty, corporal_punishment,@ (putting a condemned person to death) }
{ gauntlet, gantlet, corporal_punishment,@ (a form of punishment in which a person is forced to run between two lines of men facing each other and armed with clubs or whips to beat the victim) }
{ kick_in_the_butt, corporal_punishment,@ (punishment inflicted by kicking the victim in the behind) }
{ [ stoning, verb.contact:stone,+ ] [ lapidation, verb.contact:lapidate1,+ verb.contact:lapidate,+ ] corporal_punishment,@ (the act of pelting with stones; punishment inflicted by throwing stones at the victim (even unto death)) }
{ burning2, burning_at_the_stake, execution,@ (execution by fire) }
{ auto-da-fe, burning2,@ noun.location:Spain,;r (the burning to death of heretics (as during the Spanish Inquisition)) }
{ [ hanging2, verb.social:hang,+ ] execution,@ (a form of capital punishment; victim is suspended by the neck from a gallows or gibbet until dead; "in those days the hanging of criminals was a public entertainment") }
{ [ electrocution1, verb.social:electrocute,+ ] burning1, execution,@ (execution by electricity) }
{ decapitation1, beheading1, execution,@ (execution by cutting off the victim's head) }
{ [ crucifixion, verb.social:crucify,+ ] execution,@ (the act of executing by a method widespread in the ancient world; the victim's hands and feet are bound or nailed to a cross) }
{ penance, self-mortification, self-abasement, punishment,@ (voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing) }
{ [ commitment1, verb.possession:commit2,+ ] [ committal, verb.possession:commit2,+ ] [ consignment, verb.possession:consign1,+ ] confinement,@ (the official act of consigning a person to confinement (as in a prison or mental hospital)) }
{ [ commutation1, verb.change:commute1,+ ] re-sentencing, clemency1,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the reduction in severity of a punishment imposed by law) }
{ corrections, social_control,@ (the social control of offenders through a system of imprisonment and rehabilitation and probation and parole) }

{ [ exchange2, verb.change:exchange2,+ ] interchange, group_action,@ (the act of changing one thing for another thing; "Adam was promised immortality in exchange for his disobedience"; "there was an interchange of prisoners") }
{ rally, exchange6, group_action,@ badminton,;c table_tennis,;c tennis,;c squash,;c ((sports) an unbroken sequence of several successive strokes; "after a short rally Connors won the point") }
{ tradeoff, trade-off, exchange2,@ (an exchange that occurs as a compromise; "I faced a tradeoff between eating and buying my medicine") }

{ [ submission1, verb.competition:submit,+ verb.communication:submit2,+ verb.cognition:submit12,+ ] compliance1, group_action,@ (the act of submitting; usually surrendering power to another) }
{ [ obedience, adj.all:obedient,+ verb.social:obey,+ disobedience,!] [ obeisance, verb.social:obey,+ ] submission1,@ (the act of obeying; dutiful or submissive behavior with respect to another person) }
{ [ truckling, verb.communication:truckle,+ ] obedience,@ (the act of obeying meanly (especially obeying in a humble manner or for unworthy reasons)) }
{ [ prostration1, verb.motion:prostrate,+ verb.change:prostrate,+ ] submission1,@ (abject submission; the emotional equivalent of prostrating your body) }

{ strife, conflict,@ (bitter conflict; heated often violent dissension) }
{ tug-of-war, conflict,@ (any hard struggle between equally matched groups) }
{ turf_war, conflict,@ (a bitter struggle for territory or power or control or rights; "a turf war erupted between street gangs"; "the president's resignation was the result of a turf war with the board of directors") }
{ countercurrent, crosscurrent, strife,@ (actions counter to the main group activity; "political crosscurrents disrupted the conference") }
{ direct_action, protest,@ (a protest action by labor or minority groups to obtain their demands) }
{ [ competition, verb.competition:compete,+ cooperation1,! ] [ contention, verb.competition:contend,+ ] [ rivalry, verb.competition:rival,+ ] group_action,@ (the act of competing as for profit or a prize; "the teams were in fierce contention for first place") }
{ battle_of_wits, contest,@ (a contest in which intelligence rather than violence is used) }
{ [ contest, verb.communication:contest,+ ] rivalry,@ (a struggle between rivals) }
{ bidding_contest, contest,@ (a series of competing bids) }
{ popularity_contest, contest,@ (competition (real or figurative) for popular support) }
{ [ resistance, adj.all:defiant^resistant,+ verb.social:resist,+ ] group_action,@ (group action in opposition to those in power) }
{ [ nonresistance, adj.all:compliant^nonresistant,+ ] group_action,@ (group refusal to resort to violence even in defense against violence) }
{ [ confrontation, verb.stative:confront,+ verb.competition:confront,+ ] [ opposition, verb.competition:oppose1,+ ] resistance,@ (the act of hostile groups opposing each other; "the government was not ready for a confrontation with the unions"; "the invaders encountered stiff opposition") }
{ sales_resistance, resistance,@ (resistance by potential customers to aggressive selling practices) }
{ discord1, [ discordance, adj.all:discordant,+ verb.stative:discord,+ ] strife,@ (strife resulting from a lack of agreement) }
{ [ defiance1, adj.all:defiant,+ ] resistance,@ (a defiant act) }
{ road_rage, violence1,@ (violence exhibited by drivers in traffic) }
{ [ riot, adj.all:unquiet^riotous,+ verb.social:riot,+ ] public_violence, violence1,@ (a public act of violence by an unruly mob) }
{ race_riot, riot,@ (a riot caused by hatred for one another of members of different races in the same community) }
{ [ dispute, adj.all:argumentative^disputatious,+ verb.communication:dispute1,+ ] [ contravention, verb.social:contravene,+ ] resistance,@ (coming into conflict with) }
{ [ fight2, verb.competition:fight,+ ] [ fighting, verb.competition:fight,+ ] [ combat1, verb.competition:combat,+ ] [ scrap, adj.all:aggressive^scrappy,+ verb.communication:scrap,+ ] conflict,@ (the act of fighting; any contest or struggle; "a fight broke out at the hockey game"; "there was fighting in the streets"; "the unhappy couple got into a terrible scrap") }
{ [ fencing, verb.competition:fence1,+ ] fight2,@ play7,@ (the art or sport of fighting with swords (especially the use of foils or epees or sabres to score points under a set of rules)) }
{ in-fighting1, fight2,@ (conflict between members of the same organization (usually concealed from outsiders)) }
{ set-to, fight2,@ (a brief but vigorous fight) }
{ [ shock1, verb.contact:shock1,+ ] impact1, fight2,@ (the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat; "the armies met in the shock of battle") }
{ hassle, [ scuffle, verb.contact:scuffle,+ ] [ tussle, verb.contact:tussle1,+ ] dogfight2, rough-and-tumble, fight2,@ (disorderly fighting) }
{ aggro, aggravation,@ noun.communication:colloquialism,;u noun.location:Britain,;r ((informal British usage) aggravation or aggression; "I skipped it because it was too much aggro") }
{ [ duel, noun.person:duellist,+ noun.person:duelist,+ verb.competition:duel,+ ] affaire_d'honneur, fight2,@ (a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor) }
{ blow1, stroke3,@ fight2,#p (a powerful stroke with the fist or a weapon; "a blow on the head") }
{ counterblow, blow1,@ (a return blow; a retaliatory blow) }
{ [ swing6, verb.competition:swing,+ verb.contact:swing,+ verb.motion:swing2,+ ] blow1,@ (a sweeping blow or stroke; "he took a wild swing at my head") }
{ [ fistfight, verb.competition:fistfight,+ ] fisticuffs1, slugfest, fight2,@ (a fight with bare fists) }
{ [ stab, verb.contact:stab,+ verb.contact:stab2,+ ] [ thrust1, verb.contact:thrust1,+ verb.motion:thrust1,+ ] knife_thrust, blow1,@ (a strong blow with a knife or other sharp pointed instrument; "one strong stab to the heart killed him") }
{ lunge1, straight_thrust, passado, stab,@ fencing,;c ((fencing) an attacking thrust made with one foot forward and the back leg straight and with the sword arm outstretched forward) }
{ parry1, blocking,@ fencing,;c ((fencing) blocking a lunge or deflecting it with a circular motion of the sword) }
{ remise, stab,@ lunge1,#p fencing,;c ((fencing) a second thrust made on the same lunge (as when your opponent fails to riposte)) }
{ riposte, counterattack,@ fencing,;c ((fencing) a counterattack made immediately after successfully parrying the opponents lunge) }
{ [ stinger, verb.perception:sting2,+ verb.perception:sting,+ ] blow1,@ (a sharp stinging blow) }
{ [ thump, verb.contact:thump,+ ] blow1,@ (a heavy blow with the hand) }
{ uppercut, blow1,@ (a swinging blow directed upward (especially at an opponent's chin)) }
{ hammer, [ pound, verb.change:pound3,+ verb.contact:pound1,+ verb.contact:pound,+ ] [ hammering, verb.contact:hammer,+ ] [ pounding, verb.contact:pound,+ ] blow1,@ (the act of pounding (delivering repeated heavy blows); "the sudden hammer of fists caught him off guard"; "the pounding of feet on the hallway") }
{ shot9, blow1,@ (a blow hard enough to cause injury; "he is still recovering from a shot to his leg"; "I caught him with a solid shot to the chin") }
{ cheap_shot, shot9,@ (an illegal and unsportsmanlike act of unnecessary violence; "he called a penalty on them when the lineman took a cheap shot at the quarterback") }
{ [ wallop, verb.contact:wallop,+ ] blow1,@ (a severe blow) }
{ battering, banging, fight2,@ (the act of subjecting to strong attack) }
{ [ beating1, verb.competition:beat,+ ] whipping2, fight2,@ (the act of overcoming or outdoing) }
{ affray1, disturbance1, fray, ruffle, fight2,@ (a noisy fight) }
{ [ brawl, verb.communication:brawl,+ ] free-for-all, fight2,@ (a noisy fight in a crowd) }
{ knife_fight, snickersnee, cut-and-thrust, fight2,@ (fighting with knives) }
{ rumble, gang_fight, fight2,@ (a fight between rival gangs of adolescents) }
{ single_combat, fight2,@ (a fight between two people; "in all armies there were officers who needed to prove their bravery by single combat") }
{ [ obstructionism, noun.person:obstructionist,+ ] resistance,@ (deliberate interference) }
{ [ protest, verb.social:protest,+ ] [ objection1, verb.stative:object,+ verb.communication:object,+ ] [ dissent1, verb.social:dissent,+ ] resistance,@ (the act of protesting; a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent) }
{ [ rebellion1, adj.all:insubordinate^rebellious,+ adj.all:discontented^rebellious,+ verb.social:rebel1,+ ] resistance,@ (refusal to accept some authority or code or convention; "each generation must have its own rebellion"; "his body was in rebellion against fatigue") }
{ punch-up, fistfight,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a fistfight; "the quarrel ended in a punch-up") }
{ [ demonstration1, verb.social:demonstrate,+ ] manifestation, protest,@ noun.cognition:politics,;c (a public display of group feelings (usually of a political nature); "there were violent demonstrations against the war") }
{ counterdemonstration, demonstration,@ (a demonstration held in opposition to another demonstration; "supporters of the president organized a counterdemonstration in his support") }
{ [ walkout1, verb.motion:walk_out,+ ] protest,@ (the act of walking out (of a meeting or organization) as a sign of protest; "there was a walkout by the Black members as the chairman rose to speak") }
{ Boston_Tea_Party, demonstration1,@i noun.location:US,;r noun.cognition:history,;c (demonstration (1773) by citizens of Boston who (disguised as Indians) raided three British ships in Boston harbor and dumped hundreds of chests of tea into the harbor; organized as a protest against taxes on tea) }
{ peace_march, protest_march,@ (a protest march against (a particular) war and in favor of peace) }
{ [ sit-in, verb.social:sit_in,+ ] civil_disobedience,@ (a form of civil disobedience in which demonstrators occupy seats and refuse to move) }
{ work-in, demonstration1,@ (occasion when workers continue to work as a protest against e.g. proposed dismissal or closure of the factory) }
{ protest_march, civil_disobedience,@ demonstration1,@ government,;c (occasion when you can express opposition by marching (usually on some government institution) without a license) }
{ insubordination, [ rebelliousness, adj.all:insubordinate^rebellious,+ adj.all:disloyal^rebellious,+ ] resistance,@ (an insubordinate act) }
{ [ contumacy2, adj.all:insubordinate^contumacious,+ ] insubordination,@ (obstinate rebelliousness and insubordination; resistance to authority) }
{ [ disobedience, adj.all:disobedient,+ verb.social:disobey,+ obedience,!] [ noncompliance, adj.all:noncompliant,+ compliance2,! ] insubordination,@ (the failure to obey) }
{ civil_disobedience, direct_action,@ (a group's refusal to obey a law because they believe the law is immoral (as in protest against discrimination); "Thoreau wrote a famous essay justifying civil disobedience") }
{ contempt, disobedience,@ noun.group:law,;c (a willful disobedience to or disrespect for the authority of a court or legislative body) }
{ contempt_of_Congress, contempt,@ noun.group:law,;c (deliberate obstruction of the operation of the federal legislative branch) }
{ contempt_of_court, contempt,@ noun.group:law,;c (disrespect for the rules of a court of law) }
{ civil_contempt, contempt_of_court,@ noun.group:law,;c (a failure to follow a court order that benefits someone else) }
{ [ contumacy, adj.all:insubordinate^contumacious,+ ] disobedience,@ noun.group:law,;c (willful refusal to appear before a court or comply with a court order; can result in a finding of contempt of court) }
{ criminal_contempt, contempt_of_court,@ noun.group:law,;c (an act of disrespect that impedes the administration of justice) }
{ obstruction_of_justice, obstruction1,@ noun.group:law,;c (impeding those who seek justice in a court (as by trying to influence or intimidate any juror or witness or officer of the court); can result in a finding of contempt of court) }

{ due_process, due_process_of_law, group_action,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the administration of justice according to established rules and principles; based on the principle that a person cannot be deprived of life or liberty or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards) }
{ legal_action, [ action1, verb.social:action,+ ] action_at_law, proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judicial proceeding brought by one party against another; one party prosecutes another for a wrong done or for protection of a right or for prevention of a wrong) }
{ action4, group_action,@ (an act by a government body or supranational organization; "recent federal action undermined the segregationist position"; "the United Nations must have the power to propose and organize action without being hobbled by irrelevant issues"; "the Union action of emancipating Southern slaves") }
{ lawsuit, [ suit, verb.social:sue,+ ] case, cause, causa, proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c (a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy; "the family brought suit against the landlord") }
{ civil_suit, lawsuit,@ noun.group:law,;c (a lawsuit alleging violations of civil law by the defendant) }
{ class_action, class-action_suit, lawsuit,@ noun.group:law,;c (a lawsuit brought by a representative member of a large group of people on behalf of all members of the group) }
{ countersuit, lawsuit,@ noun.group:law,;c (a suit brought against someone who has sued you) }
{ criminal_suit, lawsuit,@ noun.group:law,;c (a lawsuit alleging violations of criminal law by the defendant) }
{ moot, lawsuit,@ noun.group:law,;c (a hypothetical case that law students argue as an exercise; "he organized the weekly moot") }
{ paternity_suit, bastardy_proceeding, lawsuit,@ noun.group:law,;c (a lawsuit filed to determine the father of a child born out of wedlock (and to provide for the support of the child once paternity is determined)) }
{ antitrust_case, legal_action,@ noun.group:law,;c (a legal action brought against parties who are charged with limiting free competition in the market place) }
{ civil_action, legal_action,@ (legal action to protect a private civil right or to compel a civil remedy (as distinguished from criminal prosecution)) }
{ [ counterclaim, verb.communication:counterclaim,+ ] legal_action,@ noun.group:law,;c (a claim filed in opposition to another claim in a legal action) }
{ custody_case, legal_action,@ noun.group:law,;c (a legal action to determine custody (usually of children following a divorce)) }
{ lis_pendens, legal_action,@ noun.group:law,;c (a pending lawsuit) }
{ [ proceeding, verb.social:proceed,+ ] legal_proceeding, [ proceedings, verb.social:proceed,+ ] due_process,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked) }
{ [ adoption2, verb.change:adopt,+ ] proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c (a legal proceeding that creates a parent-child relation between persons not related by blood; the adopted child is entitled to all privileges belonging to a natural child of the adoptive parents (including the right to inherit)) }
{ [ appeal, verb.social:appeal4,+ verb.social:appeal,+ ] proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial; "their appeal was denied in the superior court") }
{ [ reversal6, verb.cognition:reverse,+ affirmation,! ] judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment by a higher court that the judgment of a lower court was incorrect and should be set aside) }
{ [ affirmation, verb.cognition:affirm,+ reversal6,! ] judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment by a higher court that the judgment of a lower court was correct and should stand) }
{ bankruptcy, proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c (a legal process intended to insure equality among the creditors of a corporation declared to be insolvent) }
{ [ receivership1, noun.person:receiver1,+ ] proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c (a court action that places property under the control of a receiver during litigation so that it can be preserved for the benefit of all) }
{ [ litigation, adj.pert:litigious,+ verb.social:litigate1,+ verb.social:litigate,+ ] judicial_proceeding, proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c (a legal proceeding in a court; a judicial contest to determine and enforce legal rights) }
{ custody_battle, litigation,@ noun.group:law,;c (litigation to settle custody of the children of a divorced couple) }
{ vexatious_litigation, litigation,@ noun.group:law,;c (litigation shown to have been instituted maliciously and without probable cause; "he got an injunction against vexatious litigation by his enemies") }
{ presentment, notification2, due_process,@ noun.group:law,;c (an accusation of crime made by a grand jury on its own initiative) }
{ [ naturalization, verb.change:naturalize,+ ] [ naturalisation, verb.change:naturalise,+ ] proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c (the proceeding whereby a foreigner is granted citizenship) }
{ [ judgment, verb.social:judge9,+ ] judgement, judicial_decision, due_process,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the determination by a court of competent jurisdiction on matters submitted to it) }
{ confession_of_judgment, confession_of_judgement, cognovit_judgment, cognovit_judgement, judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment entered after a written confession by the debtor without the expense of ordinary legal proceedings) }
{ default_judgment, default_judgement, judgment_by_default, judgement_by_default, judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment entered in favor of the plaintiff when the defendant defaults (fails to appear in court)) }
{ non_prosequitur, non_pros, judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment entered in favor of the defendant when the plaintiff has not continued his action (e.g., has not appeared in court)) }
{ final_judgment, final_decision, judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment disposing of the case before the court; after the judgment (or an appeal from it) is rendered all that remains is to enforce the judgment) }
{ [ conviction, verb.communication:convict,+ acquittal,! ] judgment_of_conviction, condemnation1, [ sentence, verb.communication:sentence,+ ] final_judgment,@ noun.communication:criminal_law,;c ((criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed; "the conviction came as no surprise") }
{ [ judgment_in_personam, judgment_in_rem,! ] judgement_in_personam, personal_judgment, personal_judgement, judgment,@ noun.group:corporation,;c noun.group:law,;c (a judgment rendered against an individual (or corporation) for the payment of money damages) }
{ [ judgment_in_rem, judgment_in_personam,! ] judgement_in_rem, judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment pronounced on the status of some particular subject or property or thing (as opposed to one pronounced on persons)) }
{ judgment_of_dismissal, judgement_of_dismissal, [ dismissal1, verb.communication:dismiss2,+ ] judgement,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial) }
{ judgment_on_the_merits, judgement_on_the_merits, judgement,@ noun.group:law,;c (judgment rendered through analysis and adjudication of the factual issues presented) }
{ summary_judgment, summary_judgement, judgment_on_the_pleadings, judgement_on_the_pleadings, judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment rendered by the court prior to a verdict because no material issue of fact exists and one party or the other is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law) }
{ [ arbitration, adj.pert:arbitrational,+ verb.communication:arbitrate,+ ] [ arbitrament, verb.communication:arbitrate,+ ] [ arbitrement, verb.communication:arbitrate,+ ] judgment,@ (the act of deciding as an arbiter; giving authoritative judgment; "they submitted their disagreement to arbitration") }
{ opinion1, [ ruling, verb.communication:rule,+ ] judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (the reason for a court's judgment (as opposed to the decision itself)) }
{ Bakke_decision, opinion1,@i noun.group:law,;c (a ruling by the Supreme Court on affirmative action; the Court ruled in 1978 that medical schools are entitled to consider race as a factor in their admission policy) }
{ fatwa, opinion1,@ noun.group:shariah,;c (a ruling on a point of Islamic law that is given by a recognized authority) }
{ [ umpirage, verb.competition:umpire,+ ] [ officiation, verb.competition:officiate,+ ] [ officiating, verb.competition:officiate,+ ] [ refereeing, verb.competition:referee,+ ] noun.cognition:decision_making,@ (the act of umpiring; "the officiating was excellent") }
{ [ finding1, verb.communication:find1,+ ] judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (the decision of a court on issues of fact or law) }
{ verdict, finding_of_fact, finding1,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the findings of a jury on issues of fact submitted to it for decision; can be used in formulating a judgment) }
{ finding_of_law, conclusion_of_law, finding1,@ noun.group:law,;c (a finding as to the applicability of a rule of law to particular facts) }
{ compromise_verdict, verdict,@ noun.group:law,;c (a verdict resulting from improper compromises between jurors on material issues) }
{ directed_verdict, verdict,@ noun.group:law,;c (a verdict entered by the court in a jury trial without consideration by the jury; "there cannot be a directed verdict of guilty in a criminal trial") }
{ false_verdict, verdict,@ noun.group:law,;c (a manifestly unjust verdict; not true to the evidence) }
{ [ general_verdict, special_verdict,! ] verdict,@ noun.group:law,;c (an ordinary verdict declaring which party prevails without any special findings of fact) }
{ partial_verdict, verdict,@ noun.communication:criminal_law,;c ((criminal law) a finding that the defendant is guilty of some charges but innocent of others) }
{ quotient_verdict, compromise_verdict,@ noun.group:law,;c (an improper and unacceptable kind of compromise verdict) }
{ [ special_verdict, general_verdict,! ] verdict,@ noun.group:law,;c (a verdict rendered on certain specific factual issues posed by the court without finding for one party or the other) }
{ [ acquittal, verb.communication:acquit,+ conviction,! ] final_judgment,@ noun.group:law,;c (a judgment of not guilty) }
{ murder_conviction, conviction,@ noun.group:law,;c (conviction for murder) }
{ rape_conviction, conviction,@ noun.group:law,;c (conviction for rape) }
{ robbery_conviction, conviction,@ noun.group:law,;c (conviction for robbery) }
{ [ eviction, verb.contact:evict,+ ] [ dispossession, verb.possession:dispossess,+ ] legal_ouster, due_process,@ noun.group:law,;c (the expulsion of someone (such as a tenant) from the possession of land by process of law) }
{ ouster1, eviction,@ noun.group:law,;c (a wrongful dispossession) }
{ actual_eviction, eviction,@ noun.group:law,;c (the physical ouster of a tenant from the leased premises; the tenant is relieved of any further duty to pay rent) }
{ [ eviction1, verb.contact:evict1,+ ] constructive_eviction, compulsion,@ noun.group:law,;c (action by a landlord that compels a tenant to leave the premises (as by rendering the premises unfit for occupancy); no physical expulsion or legal process is involved) }
{ retaliatory_eviction, eviction,@ noun.group:law,;c (an eviction in reprisal for the tenant's good-faith complaints against the landlord; illegal in many states) }
{ [ legalization, verb.social:legalize,+ ] [ legalisation, verb.social:legalise,+ ] [ legitimation, verb.social:legitimate,+ verb.communication:legitimate2,+ ] group_action,@ noun.group:law,;c (the act of making lawful) }
{ [ legitimation1, verb.change:legitimate,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ noun.group:law,;c (the act of rendering a person legitimate; "he has filial rights because he obtained letters of legitimation from the king"; "his parents' subsequent marriage resulted in his legitimation") }
{ [ trial2, verb.social:try6,+ ] proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the determination of a person's innocence or guilt by due process of law; "he had a fair trial and the jury found him guilty"; "most of these complaints are settled before they go to trial") }
{ [ court-martial, verb.social:court-martial1,+ ] trial2,@ noun.group:military,;c noun.group:military_law,;c (a trial that is conducted by a military court) }
{ ordeal, trial_by_ordeal, trial2,@ (a primitive method of determining a person's guilt or innocence by subjecting the accused person to dangerous or painful tests believed to be under divine control; escape was usually taken as a sign of innocence) }
{ Scopes_trial, trial2,@ noun.group:law,;c noun.process:evolution,;c (a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; Scopes was prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan and defended by Clarence Darrow; Scopes was convicted but the verdict was later reversed) }
{ show_trial, trial2,@ (a trial held for show; the guilt of the accused person has been decided in advance) }
{ [ review3, verb.cognition:review,+ ] proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a judicial reexamination of the proceedings of a court (especially by an appellate court)) }
{ bill_of_review, review3,@ (a proceeding brought to obtain an explanation or an alteration or a reversal of a decree by the court that rendered it) }
{ judicial_review, review3,@ noun.group:law,;c (review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court) }
{ plea1, due_process,@ trial2,#p noun.group:law,;c (an answer indicating why a suit should be dismissed) }
{ double_jeopardy, prosecution,@ noun.group:law,;c (the prosecution of a defendant for a criminal offense for which he has already been tried; prohibited in the fifth amendment to the United States Constitution) }
{ [ prosecution, verb.social:prosecute1,+ verb.social:prosecute,+ defense2,! ] criminal_prosecution, legal_action,@ trial2,#p noun.group:law,;c (the institution and conduct of legal proceedings against a defendant for criminal behavior) }
{ test_case, test_suit, legal_action,@ noun.group:law,;c (a representative legal action whose outcome is likely to become a precedent) }
{ [ defense2, prosecution,! ] defence2, [ denial, verb.communication:deny5,+ ] demurrer, due_process,@ trial2,#p noun.group:law,;c (a defendant's answer or plea denying the truth of the charges against him; "he gave evidence for the defense") }
{ [ entrapment, verb.social:entrap,+ ] defense2,@ noun.group:law,;c (a defense that claims the defendant would not have broken the law if not tricked into doing it by law enforcement officials) }
{ mistrial, trial2,@ noun.group:law,;c (a trial that is invalid or inconclusive) }
{ [ retrial, verb.social:retry6,+ ] trial2,@ noun.group:law,;c (a new trial in which issues already litigated and to which the court has already rendered a verdict or decision are reexamined by the same court; occurs when the initial trial is found to have been improper or unfair due to procedural errors) }
{ hearing1, proceeding,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence) }
{ administrative_hearing, hearing1,@ noun.group:law,;c (a hearing that takes place outside the judicial process before hearing examiners who have been granted judicial authority specifically for the purpose of conducting such hearings) }
{ competence_hearing, hearing1,@ noun.group:law,;c (a hearing to determine legal capacity (to determine whether the defendant can understand the charges and cooperate with a lawyer in preparing a defense)) }
{ fair_hearing, hearing1,@ noun.group:law,;c (a hearing that is granted in extraordinary situations where the normal judicial process would be inadequate to secure due process because the person would be harmed or denied their rights before a judicial remedy became available (as in deportation or loss of welfare benefits)) }
{ quo_warranto, hearing1,@ noun.group:law,;c (a hearing to determine by what authority someone has an office or franchise or liberty) }

{ [ separation, verb.motion:separate,+ ] group_action,@ (the social act of separating or parting company; "the separation of church and state") }
{ [ divorce, verb.social:divorce,+ ] [ divorcement, verb.social:divorce,+ ] separation,@ noun.group:law,;c (the legal dissolution of a marriage) }
{ legal_separation, [ separation2, verb.social:separate2,+ ] noun.event:cessation,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the cessation of cohabitation of man and wife (either by mutual agreement or under a court order)) }
{ [ quarantine, verb.change:quarantine,+ ] isolation,@ (isolation to prevent the spread of infectious disease) }
{ [ seclusion, verb.change:seclude,+ ] separation,@ (the act of secluding yourself from others) }
{ cocooning, seclusion,@ (retreating to the seclusion of your home (as for privacy or escape)) }
{ isolation, closing_off, separation,@ (the act of isolating something; setting something apart from others) }
{ [ segregation, noun.person:segregationist,+ verb.contact:segregate2,+ verb.change:segregate,+ integration,!] [ sequestration, verb.change:sequester,+ ] separation,@ (the act of segregating or sequestering; "sequestration of the jury") }
{ [ integration, verb.social:integrate,+ segregation,!] [ integrating, verb.social:integrate,+ verb.change:integrate1,+ ] [ desegregation, verb.social:desegregate,+ ] group_action,@ (the action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a community) }
{ separationism, separatism, separation,@ (advocacy of a policy of strict separation of church and state) }
{ withdrawal6, separation1,@ (the act of ceasing to participate in an activity) }

{ [ cooperation1, verb.social:cooperate,+ competition,! ] group_action,@ (joint operation or action; "their cooperation with us was essential for the success of our mission") }
{ [ brainstorming, verb.cognition:brainstorm,+ ] group_action,@ (a group problem-solving technique in which members spontaneously share ideas and solutions; "we had an intense brainstorming session today") }
{ teamwork, cooperation1,@ (cooperative work done by a team (especially when it is effective); "it will take money, good planning and, above all, teamwork") }
{ [ conformity, nonconformity,! ] [ conformation1, verb.stative:conform6,+ ] [ compliance2, verb.social:comply,+ noncompliance,! ] abidance2, cooperation1,@ (acting according to certain accepted standards; "their financial statements are in conformity with generally accepted accounting practices") }
{ [ formality, adj.all:formal1,+ ] conformity,@ (compliance with formal rules; "courtroom formality") }
{ line1, conformity,@ (acting in conformity; "in line with"; "he got out of line"; "toe the line") }
{ [ honoring, verb.social:honor1,+ ] [ observance2, adj.all:lawful^observant,+ verb.social:observe4,+ nonobservance,! ] conformity,@ (conformity with law or custom or practice etc.) }
{ punctilio, honoring,@ (strict observance of formalities) }
{ [ nonobservance, observance2,! ] nonconformity,@ (a lack of conformity with law or custom or practice etc.) }
{ [ nonconformity, conformity,! ] nonconformance, failure,@ (failure to conform to accepted standards of behavior) }
{ [ keeping1, verb.social:keep3,+ ] conformity,@ (conformity or harmony; "his behavior was not in keeping with the occasion") }
{ [ collaboration1, verb.social:collaborate,+ ] [ coaction, verb.social:coact,+ ] cooperation1,@ (act of working jointly; "they worked either in collaboration or independently") }
{ [ collaboration2, noun.person:collaborationist,+ verb.social:collaborate1,+ ] [ collaborationism, noun.person:collaborationist,+ ] quislingism, cooperation1,@ (act of cooperating traitorously with an enemy that is occupying your country) }
{ [ compromise, verb.communication:compromise1,+ verb.communication:compromise,+ ] via_media, cooperation1,@ (a middle way between two extremes) }
{ concurrence, concurrency, cooperation1,@ (acting together, as agents or circumstances or events) }
{ [ reconciliation1, verb.communication:reconcile,+ ] rapprochement, cooperation1,@ (the reestablishing of cordial relations) }
{ [ selflessness, adj.all:selfless,+ ] self-sacrifice, cooperation1,@ (acting with less concern for yourself than for the success of the joint activity) }
{ [ commitment, verb.communication:commit1,+ ] [ allegiance, adj.all:loyal^allegiant,+ ] loyalty, [ dedication, verb.communication:dedicate,+ ] cooperation1,@ (the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action; "his long commitment to public service"; "they felt no loyalty to a losing team") }
{ [ devotion1, verb.communication:devote,+ ] commitment,@ (commitment to some purpose; "the devotion of his time and wealth to science") }
{ [ cultism1, noun.person:cultist,+ ] devotion1,@ (devotion to the doctrine or a cult or to the practices of a cult) }
{ hobbyism, devotion1,@ (a devotion to hobbies) }
{ enlistment, commitment,@ (the act of enlisting (as in a military service)) }
{ reenlistment, enlistment,@ (a renewed enlistment) }
{ faith, commitment,@ (loyalty or allegiance to a cause or a person; "keep the faith"; "they broke faith with their investors") }
{ [ fetish, noun.person:fetishist,+ verb.change:fetishize,+ ] fetich, devotion1,@ (excessive or irrational devotion to some activity; "made a fetish of cleanliness") }
{ party_spirit, devotion1,@ (devotion to a political party) }

{ aid, [ assist1, verb.social:assist2,+ verb.social:assist1,+ ] [ assistance, verb.social:assist2,+ ] [ help, verb.change:help13,+ verb.social:help12,+ verb.body:help,+ verb.stative:help,+ verb.social:help,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of contributing to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose; "he gave me an assist with the housework"; "could not walk without assistance"; "rescue party went to their aid"; "offered his help in unloading") }
{ [ facilitation, verb.stative:facilitate,+ verb.change:facilitate,+ ] assistance,@ (act of assisting or making easier the progress or improvement of something) }
{ [ hand, verb.motion:hand,+ ] helping_hand, aid,@ (physical assistance; "give me a hand with the chores") }
{ recourse, [ resort, verb.social:resort11,+ ] refuge, aid,@ (act of turning to for assistance; "have recourse to the courts"; "an appeal to his uncle was his last resort") }
{ thanks, aid,@ (with the help of or owing to; "thanks to hard work it was a great success") }
{ social_work, welfare_work,@ (any of various services designed to aid the poor and aged and to increase the welfare of children) }
{ casework, welfare_work,@ (close sociological study of a maladjusted person or family for diagnosis and treatment) }
{ relief2, [ succor, verb.social:succor,+ ] [ succour, verb.social:succour,+ ] [ ministration, verb.social:minister12,+ ] aid,@ (assistance in time of difficulty; "the contributions provided some relief for the victims") }
{ lift2, aid,@ (the act of giving temporary assistance) }
{ [ service, disservice,! ] aid,@ (an act of help or assistance; "he did them a service") }
{ [ disservice, service,! ] ill_service, ill_turn, injury2,@ (an act intended to help that turns out badly; "he did them a disservice") }
{ childcare, child_care, service,@ (a service involving care for other people's children) }
{ community_service, service,@ (an unpaid service for the benefit of the public that is performed by lawbreakers as part (or all) of their sentence) }
{ community_service1, public_service1, service,@ (a service that is performed for the benefit of the public or its institutions) }
{ daycare, day_care, childcare,@ (childcare during the day while parents work) }
{ help_desk, helpdesk, service,@ (a service that provides information and assistance to the users of a computer network) }
{ [ seating, verb.contact:seat,+ ] service,@ (the service of ushering people to their seats) }
{ [ accommodation, verb.stative:accommodate1,+ verb.consumption:accommodate,+ verb.communication:accommodate,+ ] aid,@ (the act of providing something (lodging or seat or food) to meet a need) }
{ [ boost, verb.change:boost2,+ ] [ encouragement, verb.social:encourage,+ ] aid,@ (the act of giving hope or support to someone) }
{ comfort1, aid,@ (assistance, such as that provided to an enemy or to a known criminal; "it gave comfort to the enemy") }
{ [ boost1, verb.social:boost,+ verb.contact:boost,+ ] push,@ (the act of giving a push; "he gave her a boost over the fence") }
{ morale_building, morale_booster, encouragement,@ (anything that serves to increase morale; "the sight of flowers every morning was my morale builder") }
{ [ consolation, verb.emotion:console,+ ] [ comfort, verb.emotion:comfort1,+ ] [ solace, verb.emotion:solace,+ ] relief2,@ (the act of consoling; giving relief in affliction; "his presence was a consolation to her") }
{ [ simplification, verb.change:simplify,+ ] elimination2,@ (elimination of superfluous details) }
{ [ oversimplification, verb.social:oversimplify,+ ] simplism, simplification,@ (an act of excessive simplification; the act of making something seem simpler than it really is) }
{ [ rationalization1, verb.change:rationalize1,+ ] [ rationalisation1, verb.change:rationalise1,+ ] simplification,@ noun.cognition:math,;c ((mathematics) the simplification of an expression or equation by eliminating radicals without changing the value of the expression or the roots of the equation) }
{ [ support, verb.communication:support1,+ verb.communication:support,+ verb.social:support1,+ ] aid,@ (aiding the cause or policy or interests of; "the president no longer has the support of his own party"; "they developed a scheme of mutual support") }
{ [ attachment2, verb.social:attach3,+ ] adherence, [ adhesion, verb.stative:adhere2,+ ] support,@ (faithful support for a cause or political party or religion; "attachment to a formal agenda"; "adherence to a fat-free diet"; "the adhesion of Seville was decisive") }
{ ecclesiasticism, attachment2,@ (excessive adherence to ecclesiastical forms and activities; "their ecclesiasticism overwhelmed their religion") }
{ kabbalism, cabalism, attachment2,@ (adherence to some extreme traditional theological concept or interpretation) }
{ [ royalism, noun.person:royalist,+ ] attachment2,@ (adherence or attachment to a monarchy or to the principle of monarchal government) }
{ [ traditionalism, adj.all:traditional^traditionalistic,+ noun.person:traditionalist,+ ] attachment2,@ noun.cognition:religion,;c (adherence to tradition (especially in cultural or religious matters)) }
{ [ backing, verb.social:back1,+ verb.social:back,+ verb.possession:back,+ ] [ backup, verb.social:back_up,+ ] championship, patronage, approval2,@ (the act of providing approval and support; "his vigorous backing of the conservatives got him in trouble with progressives") }
{ [ advocacy, verb.communication:advocate1,+ ] protagonism, support,@ (active support of an idea or cause etc.; especially the act of pleading or arguing for something)}
{ drumbeat, advocacy,@ (a vehement and vociferous advocacy of a cause; "the warmongers kept up their drumbeat on Iraq") }
{ [ insistence, verb.communication:insist3,+ ] insistency, advocacy,@ (the act of insisting on something; "insistence on grammatical correctness is a conservative position") }
{ [ urging, verb.communication:urge1,+ ] advocacy,@ (the act of earnestly supporting or encouraging) }
{ auspices, protection2, aegis, endorsement,@ (kindly endorsement and guidance; "the tournament was held under the auspices of the city council") }
{ [ sponsorship1, noun.person:sponsor,+ ] support,@ (the act of sponsoring (either officially or financially)) }
{ [ endorsement, verb.social:endorse2,+ verb.social:endorse,+ ] [ indorsement, verb.social:indorse,+ ] support,@ (the act of endorsing; "a star athlete can make a lot of money from endorsements") }
{ blessing1, [ approval2, verb.communication:approbate,+ verb.communication:approve,+ disapproval,! ] approving, support,@ (the formal act of approving; "he gave the project his blessing"; "his decision merited the approval of any sensible person") }
{ [ reassurance, verb.emotion:reassure,+ verb.communication:reassure,+ ] support,@ (the act of reassuring; restoring someone's confidence) }

{ [ support4, verb.possession:support,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities; "his support kept the family together"; "they gave him emotional support during difficult times") }
{ [ sustenance, verb.stative:sustain1,+ ] [ sustentation, adj.pert:sustentacular,+ ] [ sustainment, verb.consumption:sustain1,+ ] [ maintenance1, verb.consumption:maintain,+ ] upkeep1, support4,@ (the act of sustaining life by food or providing a means of subsistence; "they were in want of sustenance"; "fishing was their main sustainment") }
{ logistic_support, logistic_assistance, support4,@ noun.group:military,;c (assistance between and within military commands) }
{ integrated_logistic_support, logistic_support,@ (the pooling of specific resources by subscribing nations for the support of some joint operation) }
{ mutual_aid, international_logistic_support, logistic_support,@ (arrangements made between nations to assist each other) }
{ interdepartmental_support, interagency_support, logistic_support,@ (provision of logistic (or administrative) support by one or more of the military services to one or more departments or agencies of the United States government) }
{ inter-service_support, logistic_support,@ noun.group:military,;c (action by one military service to provide logistic (or administrative) support to another military service) }

{ [ representation1, verb.social:represent6,+ verb.social:represent,+ ] cooperation1,@ (the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf) }
{ proportional_representation, representation1,@ (representation of all parties in proportion to their popular vote) }
{ [ employment2, verb.social:employ,+ ] [ engagement2, verb.social:engage1,+ ] action2,@ (the act of giving someone a job) }
{ shape-up, employment2,@ (a way of hiring longshoremen by the day; applicants gather around a union boss who selects those to be hired) }
{ [ call-back, verb.communication:call_back8,+ ] employment2,@ (the recall of an employee after a layoff) }
{ [ booking, verb.social:book3,+ verb.social:book1,+ ] [ reservation1, verb.social:reserve,+ ] engagement2,@ (the act of reserving (a place or passage) or engaging the services of (a person or group); "wondered who had made the booking") }

{ admiration, appreciation, approval2,@ (a favorable judgment; "a small token in admiration of your works") }
{ adoration1, [ idolization1, verb.emotion:idolize,+ ] [ idolisation1, verb.emotion:idolise,+ ] admiration,@ (the act of admiring strongly) }
{ [ glorification, verb.communication:glorify,+ ] adoration1,@ (the act of glorifying (as in worship); "the glorification of God") }
{ [ idealization, verb.cognition:idealize,+ ] idealisation, [ glorification1, verb.change:glorify1,+ ] admiration,@ (a portrayal of something as ideal; "the idealization of rural life was very misleading") }
{ [ sentimentalization, verb.body:sentimentalize,+ ] [ sentimentalisation, verb.change:sentimentalise,+ verb.body:sentimentalise,+ ] [ romanticization, verb.cognition:romanticize,+ ] [ romanticisation, verb.cognition:romanticise,+ ] idealization,@ (the act of indulging in sentiment) }
{ [ reward1, verb.communication:reward,+ ] [ reinforcement, verb.communication:reinforce,+ ] approval2,@ (an act performed to strengthen approved behavior) }
{ carrot, reward1,@ (promise of reward as in "carrot and stick"; "used the carrot of subsidized housing for the workers to get their vote") }
{ [ disparagement, verb.communication:disparage,+ ] dispraise, disapproval,@ (the act of speaking contemptuously of) }
{ belittling, disparagement,@ (the act of belittling) }
{ [ deprecation, verb.communication:deprecate1,+ verb.communication:deprecate,+ ] [ denigration, verb.communication:denigrate,+ ] disparagement,@ (the act of expressing disapproval (especially of yourself)) }
{ [ aspersion, verb.communication:asperse,+ ] [ calumny1, adj.all:harmful^calumnious,+ verb.communication:calumniate,+ ] [ slander1, adj.all:harmful^slanderous,+ verb.communication:slander,+ ] [ defamation1, verb.communication:defame,+ ] [ denigration1, verb.communication:denigrate1,+ ] attack5,@ (an abusive attack on a person's character or good name) }
{ attack5, noun.communication:criticism,@ (strong criticism; "he published an unexpected attack on my work") }
{ [ detraction, verb.change:detract4,+ ] disparagement,@ (the act of discrediting or detracting from someone's reputation (especially by slander); "let it be no detraction from his merits to say he is plainspoken") }
{ behavior, behaviour, [ conduct, verb.social:conduct1,+ ] doings, activity,@ (manner of acting or controlling yourself) }
{ behavior1, behaviour1, activity,@ noun.cognition:psychology,;c ((psychology) the aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements made by an organism in any situation) }
{ [ territoriality, adj.all:territorial1,+ ] behavior1,@ (the behavior of a male animal that defines and defends its territory) }

{ aggression1, behavior,@ (deliberately unfriendly behavior) }
{ [ aggravation, verb.emotion:aggravate,+ ] [ irritation, verb.emotion:irritate,+ ] [ provocation, verb.emotion:provoke1,+ ] aggression1,@ (unfriendly behavior that causes anger or resentment) }
{ last_straw, irritation,@ (the final irritation that stretches your patience beyond the limit) }
{ [ exacerbation, verb.emotion:exacerbate,+ ] exasperation,@ (violent and bitter exasperation; "his foolishness was followed by an exacerbation of their quarrel") }
{ [ bitchery, verb.communication:bitch,+ ] aggression1,@ (aggressive remarks and behavior like that of a spiteful malicious woman) }
{ bullying, [ intimidation1, verb.emotion:intimidate1,+ verb.emotion:intimidate,+ ] aggression1,@ (the act of intimidating a weaker person to make them do something) }
{ [ terrorization, verb.emotion:terrorize,+ ] [ terrorisation, verb.emotion:terrorise,+ ] [ frightening, verb.emotion:frighten,+ ] bullying,@ terrorism,;c (the act of inspiring with fear) }
{ [ twit, verb.communication:twit,+ ] [ taunt, verb.communication:taunt,+ ] [ taunting, verb.communication:taunt,+ ] aggravation,@ (aggravation by deriding or mocking or criticizing) }
{ raising_hell, hell_raising, aggression1,@ (making trouble just for the fun of it) }
{ self-assertion, aggression1,@ (the act of asserting yourself in an aggressive manner) }
{ [ condemnation, verb.communication:condemn2,+ ] disapproval,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the act of condemning (as land forfeited for public use) or judging to be unfit for use (as a food product or an unsafe building)) }
{ [ stigmatization, verb.social:stigmatize,+ verb.change:stigmatize,+ ] [ stigmatisation, verb.social:stigmatise,+ verb.change:stigmatise,+ ] branding, disapproval,@ (the act of stigmatizing) }
{ bohemianism, behavior,@ (conduct characteristic of a bohemian) }
{ dirty_pool, behavior,@ (conduct that is unfair or unethical or unsportsmanlike) }
{ dirty_tricks, behavior,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (underhand commercial or political behavior designed to discredit an opponent) }
{ discourtesy, [ offense2, verb.emotion:offend,+ ] offence2, offensive_activity, behavior,@ (a lack of politeness; a failure to show regard for others; wounding the feelings or others) }
{ easiness, behavior,@ (the quality of being easy in behavior or style; "there was an easiness between them"; "a natural easiness of manner") }
{ [ derision, verb.communication:deride,+ ] [ ridicule, adj.all:undignified^ridiculous,+ verb.communication:ridicule,+ ] discourtesy,@ (the act of deriding or treating with contempt) }
{ [ mock, verb.communication:mock1,+ ] derision,@ (the act of mocking or ridiculing; "they made a mock of him") }
{ indelicacy, discourtesy,@ (an impolite act or expression) }
{ [ insolence, adj.all:disrespectful^insolent,+ ] discourtesy,@ (an offensive disrespectful impudent act) }
{ [ insult, verb.communication:insult,+ ] [ affront, verb.communication:affront,+ ] discourtesy,@ (a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of deliberate disrespect; "turning his back on me was a deliberate insult") }
{ indignity, affront,@ (an affront to one's dignity or self-esteem) }
{ [ scandalization, verb.emotion:scandalize,+ ] [ scandalisation, verb.emotion:scandalise,+ ] [ outrage, verb.emotion:outrage1,+ ] insult,@ (the act of scandalizing) }
{ [ presumption, adj.all:forward2^presumptuous,+ verb.social:presume,+ verb.body:presume,+ verb.cognition:presume,+ ] discourtesy,@ (a kind of discourtesy in the form of an act of presuming; "his presumption was intolerable") }
{ [ rebuff, verb.communication:rebuff,+ ] [ slight, verb.cognition:slight,+ ] discourtesy,@ (a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)) }
{ [ snub, verb.communication:snub1,+ ] cut3, [ cold_shoulder, verb.cognition:cold-shoulder,+ ] rebuff,@ (a refusal to recognize someone you know; "the snub was clearly intentional") }
{ silent_treatment, rebuff,@ (an aloof refusal to speak to someone you know) }
{ the_way_of_the_world, the_ways_of_the_world, behavior,@ (the manner in which people typically behave or things typically happen; "the ordinary reader is endowed with considerable wisdom and knowledge of the way of the world"; "she was well-versed in the ways of the world before she had taken the veil"; "he was amazingly innocent of the ways of the world") }

{ [ benevolence, adj.pert:benevolent,+ ] [ benefaction, verb.social:benefact,+ ] kindness,@ (an act intending or showing kindness and good will) }
{ cupboard_love, kindness,@ (a show of affection motivated by selfishness) }
{ [ favor, verb.social:favor1,+ ] [ favour, verb.social:favour3,+ ] kindness,@ (an act of gracious kindness) }
{ turn4, good_turn, favor,@ (a favor for someone; "he did me a good turn") }
{ forgiveness, [ pardon, verb.communication:pardon1,+ ] kindness,@ (the act of excusing a mistake or offense) }
{ [ condonation, verb.communication:condone,+ ] forgiveness,@ (a pardon by treating the offender as if the offense had not occurred) }
{ mercy1, relief2,@ (alleviation of distress; showing great kindness toward the distressed; "distributing food and clothing to the flood victims was an act of mercy") }
{ [ exculpation, verb.communication:exculpate,+ ] forgiveness,@ (the act of freeing from guilt or blame) }
{ [ endearment, verb.emotion:endear,+ ] kindness,@ (the act of showing affection) }
{ [ politeness, adj.all:polite,+ ] [ civility, adj.all:civil,+ ] action2,@ (the act of showing regard for others) }
{ reverence, action2,@ (an act showing respect (especially a bow or curtsy)) }
{ courtesy, politeness,@ (a courteous or respectful or considerate act) }
{ gesture2, noun.communication:indication,@ (something done as an indication of intention; "a political gesture"; "a gesture of defiance") }
{ beau_geste, gesture2,@ (a gracious (but usually meaningless) gesture) }
{ attention2, courtesy,@ (a courteous act indicating affection; "she tried to win his heart with her many attentions") }
{ gallantry, courtesy,@ (polite attentiveness to women) }
{ [ deference, adj.all:respectful^deferential,+ adj.all:respectful^deferent,+ ] [ respect3, verb.social:respect,+ verb.cognition:respect,+ ] politeness,@ (a courteous expression (by word or deed) of esteem or regard; "his deference to her wishes was very flattering"; "be sure to give my respects to the dean") }
{ [ court, verb.social:court1,+ ] homage, deference,@ (respectful deference; "pay court to the emperor") }
{ last_respects, deference,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (the act of expressing respect for someone who has died; "he paid his last respects by standing quietly at the graveside") }
{ props, deference,@ noun.communication:plural,;u (proper respect; "I have to give my props to the governor for the way he handled the problem") }
{ devoir, politeness,@ (formal expression of respect) }
{ [ consideration2, verb.cognition:consider5,+ ] [ thoughtfulness, adj.all:serious^thoughtful,+ ] kindness,@ (a considerate and thoughtful act) }

{ assembly, [ assemblage, verb.social:assemble3,+ verb.social:assemble,+ ] [ gathering, verb.social:gather2,+ verb.social:gather,+ ] group_action,@ (the social act of assembling; "they demanded the right of assembly") }
{ [ mobilization, verb.change:mobilize2,+ ] [ mobilisation, verb.competition:mobilise1,+ verb.change:mobilise2,+ ] assembly,@ (act of marshaling and organizing and making ready for use or action; "mobilization of the country's economic resources") }
{ economic_mobilization, economic_mobilisation, mobilization,@ (mobilization of the economy) }
{ rallying, mobilization,@ (the act of mobilizing for a common purpose; "the bell was a signal for the rallying of the whole neighborhood") }
{ [ convocation, verb.communication:convoke,+ ] calling_together, assembly,@ (the act of convoking) }
{ [ meeting, verb.social:meet1,+ verb.social:meet,+ ] coming_together, congress1, assembly,@ (the social act of assembling for some common purpose; "his meeting with the salesmen was the high point of his day"; "the lovers met discreetly for the purposes of sexual congress") }
{ service_call, trip,@ (a trip made by a repairman to visit the location of something in need of service) }
{ assignation, tryst, rendezvous,@ (a secret rendezvous (especially between lovers)) }
{ [ rendezvous, verb.social:rendezvous,+ ] meeting,@ (a meeting planned at a certain time and place) }
{ [ congregation, verb.motion:congregate,+ ] [ congregating, verb.motion:congregate,+ ] assembly,@ (the act of congregating) }
{ [ convention, verb.motion:convene,+ verb.communication:convene,+ ] [ convening, verb.motion:convene,+ verb.communication:convene,+ ] assembly,@ (the act of convening) }
{ [ concentration2, verb.motion:concentrate,+ ] assembly,@ (bringing together military forces) }
{ session, meeting,@ (a meeting devoted to a particular activity; "a filming session"; "a gossip session") }
{ course_session, class_period, recitation1, session,@ course1,#p (a regularly scheduled session as part of a course of study) }
{ [ socialization1, verb.social:socialize1,+ ] [ socialisation1, verb.social:socialise1,+ ] [ socializing, verb.social:socialize1,+ ] [ socialising, verb.social:socialise1,+ ] meeting,@ (the act of meeting for social purposes; "there was too much socialization with the enlisted men") }
{ visit, meeting,@ (the act of going to see some person in a professional capacity; "a visit to the dentist") }
{ visit1, meeting,@ (the act of visiting in an official capacity (as for an inspection)) }
{ flying_visit, visit1,@ (a visit that last for only a very short time; "he wanted to hear all about my flying visit to his old stamping grounds") }
{ [ visit2, verb.social:visit,+ ] meeting,@ (the act of going to see some person or place or thing for a short time; "he dropped by for a visit") }

{ [ attendance, adj.all:present2^attendant,+ verb.stative:attend,+ nonattendance,!] attending1, group_action,@ (the act of being present (at a meeting or event etc.)) }
{ [ appearance1, verb.social:appear3,+ ] appearing, coming_into_court, attendance,@ (formal attendance (in court or at a hearing) of a party in an action) }
{ [ presence, adj.all:present2,+ absence,!] attendance,@ (the act of being present) }
{ [ turnout, verb.social:turn_out3,+ ] attendance,@ (attendance for a particular event or purpose (as to vote in an election); "the turnout for the rally") }

{ [ nonattendance, attendance,!] group_action,@ (the failure to attend) }
{ nonappearance, nonattendance,@ (failure to appear (especially as at court)) }
{ [ absence, adj.all:absent,+ verb.change:absent,+ presence,!] nonattendance,@ (failure to be present) }
{ absenteeism, absence,@ (habitual absence from work) }
{ [ truancy, adj.all:absent^truant,+ ] hooky, nonattendance,@ (failure to attend (especially school)) }

{ return6, paying_back, getting_even, group_action,@ (a reciprocal group action; "in return we gave them as good as we got") }
{ [ answer, verb.cognition:answer5,+ verb.cognition:answer2,+ ] reaction,@ (a nonverbal reaction; "his answer to any problem was to get drunk"; "their answer was to sue me") }
{ [ requital, verb.possession:requite,+ ] payment1, return6,@ (an act of requiting; returning in kind) }
{ [ retaliation, verb.competition:retaliate1,+ verb.competition:retaliate,+ ] [ revenge, verb.competition:revenge,+ ] return6,@ (action taken in return for an injury or offense) }
{ vengeance, retribution1, [ payback, verb.competition:pay_back,+ ] retaliation,@ (the act of taking revenge (harming someone in retaliation for something harmful that they have done) especially in the next life; "Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord"--Romans 12:19; "For vengeance I would do nothing. This nation is too great to look for mere revenge"--James Garfield; "he swore vengeance on the man who betrayed him"; "the swiftness of divine retribution") }
{ reprisal, retaliation,@ (a retaliatory action against an enemy in wartime) }
{ [ reciprocation, verb.social:reciprocate,+ ] return6,@ (the act of making or doing something in return) }
{ [ feud, verb.competition:feud,+ ] conflict,@ (a bitter quarrel between two parties) }
{ war2, warfare2, conflict,@ (an active struggle between competing entities; "a price war"; "a war of wits"; "diplomatic warfare") }
{ drug_war, war2,@ noun.group:law,;c (conflict between law enforcement and those who deal in illegal drugs) }
{ trench_warfare1, war2,@ (a struggle (usually prolonged) between competing entities in which neither side is able to win; "the hope that his superior campaigning skills would make a difference evaporated in the realization that electioneering had become a form of trench warfare") }

{ vendetta, blood_feud, feud,@ (a feud in which members of the opposing parties murder each other) }
{ tit_for_tat, return6,@ (an equivalent given in return) }
{ [ aggression2, verb.competition:aggress,+ ] combat,@ war,#p (the act of initiating hostilities) }

{ democratization, democratisation, group_action,@ (the action of making something democratic) }

{ [ consolidation, verb.change:consolidate1,+ verb.change:consolidate,+ ] [ integration2, verb.change:integrate1,+ verb.change:integrate,+ ] combination,@ (the act of combining into an integral whole; "a consolidation of two corporations"; "after their consolidation the two bills were passed unanimously"; "the defendants asked for a consolidation of the actions against them") }
{ [ centralization, verb.change:centralize,+ decentralization,! ] [ centralisation, verb.change:centralise,+ ] consolidation,@ (the act of consolidating power under a central control) }
{ [ decentralization, verb.change:decentralize,+ centralization,! ] [ decentralisation, verb.change:decentralise,+ ] spread,@ (the spread of power away from the center to local branches or governments) }
{ [ incorporation1, verb.contact:incorporate,+ verb.change:incorporate,+ ] consolidation,@ (consolidating two or more things; union in (or into) one body) }
{ amalgamation, [ merger, verb.change:merge2,+ verb.change:merge,+ ] [ uniting1, verb.change:unite2,+ ] consolidation,@ (the combination of two or more commercial companies) }
{ vertical_integration, vertical_combination, consolidation,@ (absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in all aspects of a product's manufacture from raw materials to distribution) }
{ horizontal_integration, horizontal_combination, consolidation,@ (absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level) }

{ [ engagement, verb.social:engage6,+ non-engagement,! ] [ participation, verb.social:participate,+ verb.competition:participate,+ nonparticipation,! ] [ involvement, verb.stative:involve4,+ non-involvement,! ] [ involution2, verb.stative:involve4,+ ] group_action,@ (the act of sharing in the activities of a group; "the teacher tried to increase his students' engagement in class activities") }
{ [ non-engagement, engagement,! ] [ nonparticipation, participation,! ] [ non-involvement, involvement,! ] group_action,@ (withdrawing from the activities of a group) }
{ isolation1, non-engagement,@ (a country's withdrawal from international politics; "he opposed a policy of American isolation") }
{ [ commitment2, verb.possession:commit5,+ ] engagement,@ (an engagement by contract involving financial obligation; "his business commitments took him to London") }
{ [ incurrence, verb.stative:incur,+ ] commitment2,@ (the act of incurring (making yourself subject to something undesirable)) }
{ [ intervention, verb.social:intervene,+ ] [ intercession, verb.communication:intercede,+ ] engagement,@ (the act of intervening (as to mediate a dispute, etc.); "it occurs without human intervention") }
{ [ mediation, verb.communication:mediate,+ ] [ intermediation, verb.communication:intermediate,+ ] intervention,@ (the act of intervening for the purpose of bringing about a settlement) }
{ matchmaking, mediation,@ (mediation in order to bring about a marriage between others) }
{ group_participation, engagement,@ (participation by all members of a group) }
{ [ neutrality, adj.all:nonaligned^neutral,+ noun.person:neutralist,+ ] non-engagement,@ (nonparticipation in a dispute or war) }

{ [ annulment, verb.social:annul,+ ] [ invalidation, verb.social:invalidate,+ verb.change:invalidate,+ ] dissolution,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a formal termination (of a relationship or a judicial proceeding etc)) }
{ dissolution_of_marriage, annulment,@ noun.group:law,;c (an annulment of a marriage) }
{ [ vindication1, verb.communication:vindicate2,+ ] [ exoneration, verb.communication:exonerate,+ ] clearing,@ (the act of vindicating or defending against criticism or censure etc.; "friends provided a vindication of his position") }
{ [ whitewash, verb.perception:whitewash,+ verb.communication:whitewash,+ ] clearing,@ (a specious or deceptive clearing that attempts to gloss over failings and defects) }
{ [ justification, verb.communication:justify4,+ ] vindication1,@ (the act of defending or explaining or making excuses for by reasoning; "the justification of barbarous means by holy ends"- H.J.Muller) }
{ [ rehabilitation3, verb.social:rehabilitate1,+ ] vindication1,@ (vindication of a person's character and the re-establishment of that person's reputation) }

{ job_action, direct_action,@ (a temporary action by workers to protest management decision or to make demands) }
{ go-slow, job_action,@ noun.location:Britain,;r (a form of protest by workers in which they deliberately slow down in order to cause problem from their employers) }
{ work_to_rule, job_action,@ (a job action in which workers cause a slowdown by doing only the minimum amount required by the rules of the workplace) }
{ passive_resistance, nonviolent_resistance, [ nonviolence, adj.all:bloodless^nonviolent,+ adj.all:nonviolent,+ ] direct_action,@ (peaceful resistance to a government by fasting or refusing to cooperate) }
{ hunger_strike, fast,@ passive_resistance,@ (a voluntary fast undertaken as a means of protest) }
{ Ramadan, fast,@ noun.cognition:Islam,;c ((Islam) a fast (held from sunrise to sunset) that is carried out during the Islamic month of Ramadan) }
{ Satyagraha, passive_resistance,@ (the form of nonviolent resistance initiated in India by Mahatma Gandhi in order to oppose British rule and to hasten political reforms) }
{ [ recusancy, adj.all:unorthodox^recusant,+ adj.all:disobedient^recusant,+ ] direct_action,@ (refusal to submit to established authority; originally the refusal of Roman Catholics to attend services of the Church of England) }
{ [ strike, verb.social:strike,+ ] work_stoppage, job_action,@ (a group's refusal to work in protest against low pay or bad work conditions; "the strike lasted more than a month before it was settled") }
{ sit-down, sit-down_strike, strike,@ (a strike in which workers refuse to leave the workplace until a settlement is reached) }
{ sympathy_strike, sympathetic_strike, strike,@ (a strike in support of other workers who are on strike; a strike not resulting from direct grievances against the workers' employer) }
{ [ walkout, verb.social:walk_out,+ ] strike,@ (a strike in which the workers walk out) }
{ wildcat_strike, strike,@ (a strike undertaken by workers without approval from the officials of their union) }
{ [ unsnarling, verb.contact:unsnarl,+ ] [ untangling, verb.contact:untangle1,+ ] [ disentanglement1, verb.stative:disentangle,+ verb.contact:disentangle2,+ verb.contact:disentangle1,+ verb.contact:disentangle,+ verb.body:disentangle,+ ] [ extrication, verb.contact:extricate,+ ] release1,@ (the act of releasing from a snarled or tangled condition) }
{ [ sabotage, verb.social:sabotage,+ ] destruction,@ (a deliberate act of destruction or disruption in which equipment is damaged) }
{ extermination, liquidation1, destruction,@ (the act of exterminating) }
{ genocide, race_murder, racial_extermination, killing,@ (systematic killing of a racial or cultural group) }
{ holocaust, destruction,@ (an act of mass destruction and loss of life (especially in war or by fire); "a nuclear holocaust") }
{ Holocaust1, final_solution, genocide,@i (the mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime from 1941 until 1945) }
{ throw1, gambling,@ (casting an object in order to determine an outcome randomly; "he risked his fortune on a throw of the dice") }
{ [ cast1, verb.competition:cast,+ ] roll3, throw1,@ craps,#p (the act of throwing dice) }
{ natural, cast1,@ craps,;c ((craps) a first roll of 7 or 11 that immediately wins the stake) }
{ [ flip1, verb.motion:flip,+ ] [ toss1, verb.motion:toss,+ ] throw1,@ (the act of flipping a coin) }
{ flip4, throw,@ (a sudden, quick movement; "with a flip of the wrist"; "the fish flipped over") }
{ [ strafe, verb.competition:strafe,+ ] attack,@ (an attack of machine-gun fire or cannon fire from a low flying airplane; "the next morning they carried out a strafe of enemy airfields") }
{ surprise_attack, coup_de_main, attack,@ (an attack without warning) }
{ terrorist_attack, surprise_attack,@ terrorism,@ (a surprise attack involving the deliberate use of violence against civilians in the hope of attaining political or religious aims) }
{ [ ambush, verb.competition:ambush1,+ verb.competition:ambush,+ ] [ ambuscade, verb.competition:ambuscade,+ ] lying_in_wait, trap, surprise_attack,@ (the act of concealing yourself and lying in wait to attack by surprise) }
{ pre-emptive_strike, surprise_attack,@ (a surprise attack that is launched in order to prevent the enemy from doing it to you) }
{ dry-gulching, ambush,@ murder,@ (the act of killing from ambush) }

{ [ emancipation, noun.person:emancipationist,+ verb.social:emancipate1,+ verb.social:emancipate,+ ] liberation2,@ (freeing someone from the control of another; especially a parent's relinquishing authority and control over a minor child) }
{ [ clearing, verb.communication:clear,+ ] liberation2,@ (the act of freeing from suspicion) }
{ [ manumission, verb.social:manumit,+ ] liberation2,@ (the formal act of freeing from slavery; "he believed in the manumission of the slaves") }
{ radio_observation, observation1,@ (an observation made with a radio telescope) }
{ stupidity, betise, folly1, foolishness1, imbecility, mistake,@ (a stupid mistake) }

{ [ admission, verb.social:admit1,+ ] admittance, entrance,@ (the act of admitting someone to enter; "the surgery was performed on his second admission to the clinic") }
{ [ readmission, verb.social:readmit1,+ verb.social:readmit,+ ] admission,@ (the act of admitting someone again; "the surgery was performed on his readmission to the clinic") }
{ [ matriculation, verb.social:matriculate,+ ] matric, admission,@ (admission to a group (especially a college or university)) }
{ [ remarriage, verb.social:remarry,+ ] marriage,@ (the act of marrying again) }
{ [ renewal1, verb.creation:renew,+ ] repetition,@ (the act of renewing) }
{ self-renewal, renewal1,@ (the act of renewing yourself (or itself)) }
{ [ replication1, verb.creation:replicate,+ ] repetition,@ (the repetition of an experiment in order to test the validity of its conclusion; "scientists will not believe an experimental result until they have seen at least one replication") }
{ [ amnesty, verb.communication:amnesty,+ ] [ pardon1, verb.communication:pardon,+ ] free_pardon, clemency1,@ noun.group:law,;c (the formal act of liberating someone) }
{  demolition, destruction,@ (the act of demolishing; "the demolition of the huge tower was quite a spectacle") }
{ [ spoliation1, verb.change:spoil1,+ ] destruction,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) the intentional destruction of a document or an alteration of it that destroys its value as evidence) }
{ vandalism, hooliganism, malicious_mischief, mischief,@ destruction,@ (willful wanton and malicious destruction of the property of others) }
{ [ recession1, verb.competition:recede,+ ] ceding_back, cession,@ (the act of ceding back) }
{ [ amendment, verb.communication:amend,+ ] correction,@ (the act of amending or correcting) }
{ emendation, correction,@ (a correction by emending; a correction resulting from critical editing) }
{ [ hit4, verb.social:hit,+ ] murder,@ (a murder carried out by an underworld syndicate; "it has all the earmarks of a Mafia hit") }
{ infanticide, murder,@ (murdering an infant) }
{ shoot-down, murder,@ (murder by shooting someone down in cold blood) }
{ tyrannicide, murder,@ (killing a tyrant) }
{ thuggee, murder,@ (murder and robbery by thugs) }
{ [ transmutation, verb.change:transmute2,+ ] [ transubstantiation, verb.change:transubstantiate,+ ] conversion,@ (an act that changes the form or character or substance of something) }
{ barrage_jamming, jamming,@ (electronic jamming over a wide range of frequencies simultaneously) }
{ spot_jamming, selective_jamming, jamming,@ (electronic jamming of a specific channel or frequency) }
{ electronic_deception, electronic_countermeasures,@ (the deliberate use of electromagnetic energy in a manner intended to convey misleading information) }
{ manipulative_electronic_deception, electronic_manipulative_deception, electronic_deception,@ (actions to eliminate revealing telltale indicators that could be used by the enemy (or to convey misleading indicators)) }
{ simulative_electronic_deception, electronic_simulative_deception, electronic_deception,@ (actions to represent friendly notional or actual capabilities to mislead hostile forces) }
{ imitative_electronic_deception, electronic_imitative_deception, electronic_deception,@ (the introduction of electromagnetic energy into enemy systems that imitates enemy emissions) }
{ waste1, permissive_waste, noun.Tops:act,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) reduction in the value of an estate caused by act or neglect) }

{ [ colonization, verb.social:colonize,+ verb.change:colonize,+ ] [ colonisation, verb.social:colonise,+ verb.change:colonise,+ ] [ settlement1, verb.change:settle,+ ] establishment,@ (the act of colonizing; the establishment of colonies; "the British colonization of America") }
{ [ resettlement, verb.change:resettle,+ ] [ relocation2, verb.change:relocate1,+ verb.change:relocate,+ ] transportation,@ (the transportation of people (as a family or colony) to a new settlement (as after an upheaval of some kind)) }
{ [ dismount, verb.motion:dismount,+ ] discontinuation,@ (the act of dismounting (a horse or bike etc.)) }
{ [ radiation, verb.stative:radiate,+ ] emission,@ (the act of spreading outward from a central source) }
{ [ emission, verb.weather:emit,+ verb.body:emit,+ ] [ emanation, verb.change:emanate,+ verb.body:emanate,+ ] emergence,@ (the act of emitting; causing to flow forth) }
{ discharge4, [ venting, verb.change:vent,+ ] emission,@ (the act of venting) }
{ [ jamming, verb.communication:jam,+ ] electronic_jamming, [ jam, verb.communication:jam,+ ] electronic_countermeasures,@ (deliberate radiation or reflection of electromagnetic energy for the purpose of disrupting enemy use of electronic devices or systems) }
{ [ vacation1, verb.communication:vacate,+ ] abrogation,@ (the act of making something legally void) }
{ [ harmonization, verb.creation:harmonize,+ verb.change:harmonize1,+ ] [ harmonisation, verb.creation:harmonise,+ verb.change:harmonise1,+ ] singing,@ (singing in harmony) }
{ [ humming, verb.communication:hum,+ ] singing,@ (the act of singing with closed lips) }
{ [ winnow, verb.contact:winnow5,+ ] [ winnowing, verb.contact:winnow5,+ ] [ sifting, verb.contact:sift,+ ] separation3,@ (the act of separating grain from chaff; "the winnowing was done by women") }
{ [ separation3, verb.contact:separate2,+ ] sorting,@ (sorting one thing from others; "the separation of wheat from chaff"; "the separation of mail by postal zones") }
{ [ teleportation, verb.motion:teleport,+ ] transportation,@ noun.communication:science_fiction,;c (a hypothetical mode of instantaneous transportation; matter is dematerialized at one place and recreated at another) }
{ [ intonation, verb.communication:intone4,+ verb.communication:intone,+ verb.communication:intonate,+ ] [ chanting, verb.communication:chant,+ ] singing,@ (the act of singing in a monotonous tone) }
{ [ cantillation, verb.communication:cantillate,+ ] intonation,@ (liturgical chanting) }
{ [ intonation1, verb.communication:intone,+ verb.communication:intonate,+ ] singing,@ (singing by a soloist of the opening piece of plainsong) }
{ fixed_intonation, intonation2,@ (the intonation of keyboard instruments where the pitch of each note is fixed and cannot be varied by the performer) }
{ karaoke, singing,@ (singing popular songs accompanied by a recording of an orchestra (usually in bars or nightclubs)) }
{ part-singing, singing,@ (singing with three or more voice parts) }
{ psalmody, hymnody, singing,@ (the act of singing psalms or hymns) }
{ [ singalong, verb.creation:sing_along,+ ] [ singsong, verb.motion:singsong,+ verb.communication:singsong,+ ] singing,@ (informal group singing of popular songs) }
{ solfege, solfeggio, singing,@ (a voice exercise; singing scales or runs to the same syllable) }
{ [ solmization, verb.creation:solmizate1,+ verb.creation:solmizate,+ ] solfege1, solfeggio1, singing,@ (singing using solfa syllables to denote the notes of the scale of C major) }
{ [ yodeling, verb.communication:yodel,+ ] singing,@ (singing by changing back and forth between the chest voice and a falsetto) }
{ lead, turn6,@ card_game,#p (the playing of a card to start a trick in bridge; "the lead was in the dummy") }
{ [ leadership, noun.person:leader,+ ] leading, activity,@ (the activity of leading; "his leadership inspired the team") }
{ helm, leadership,@ noun.communication:trope,;u ((figurative) a position of leadership; "the President is at the helm of the Ship of State") }
{ [ lead1, verb.communication:lead1,+ verb.creation:lead,+ verb.social:lead,+ ] leadership,@ (a position of being the initiator of something and an example that others will follow (especially in the phrase `take the lead'); "he takes the lead in any group"; "we were just waiting for someone to take the lead"; "they didn't follow our lead") }
{ trend_setting, leading,@ (the initiating or popularizing of a trend or fashion) }
{ [ precession, verb.stative:precede1,+ verb.stative:precede,+ verb.social:precede,+ ] [ precedence, adj.all:preceding^precedent,+ verb.social:precede,+ ] [ precedency, adj.all:preceding^precedent,+ verb.motion:precede,+ ] activity,@ (the act of preceding in time or order or rank (as in a ceremony)) }
{ [ solo1, noun.person:soloist,+ ] activity,@ (any activity that is performed alone without assistance) }
{ [ flood, verb.change:flood1,+ verb.contact:flood,+ ] [ flowage, verb.change:flow,+ ] filling,@ (the act of flooding; filling to overflowing) }
{ [ parole, verb.social:parole,+ ] liberation2,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a conditional release from imprisonment that entitles the person to serve the remainder of the sentence outside the prison as long as the terms of release are complied with) }
{ [ population, verb.change:populate2,+ ] colonization,@ (the act of populating (causing to live in a place); "he deplored the population of colonies with convicted criminals") }
{ [ pounce, verb.motion:pounce,+ ] leap,@ (the act of pouncing) }
{ [ probation, verb.stative:probate,+ ] liberation2,@ noun.group:law,;c ((law) a way of dealing with offenders without imprisoning them; a defendant found guilty of a crime is released by the court without imprisonment subject to conditions imposed by the court; "probation is part of the sentencing process") }
{ quarter, clemency1,@ (clemency or mercy shown to a defeated opponent; "he surrendered but asked for quarter") }
{ [ recall1, verb.communication:recall2,+ ] abrogation,@ noun.location:United_States,;r (the act of removing an official by petition) }
{ [ revocation, verb.communication:revoke,+ ] abrogation,@ (the act (by someone having the authority) of annulling something previously done; "the revocation of a law") }
{ [ reprieve, verb.stative:reprieve,+ ] [ respite1, verb.stative:respite1,+ ] clemency1,@ noun.group:law,;c (the act of reprieving; postponing or remitting punishment) }
{ [ revoke, verb.competition:revoke4,+ ] [ renege, verb.communication:renege,+ ] mistake,@ card_game,#p (the mistake of not following suit when able to do so) }
{ [ ruff, verb.competition:ruff,+ ] [ trumping, verb.competition:trump1,+ ] turn6,@ bridge,#p cards,;c ((card games) the act of taking a trick with a trump when unable to follow suit) }
{ trick1, turn6,@ cards,;c ((card games) in a single round, the sequence of cards played by all the players; the high card is the winner) }
{ [ awakening, verb.body:awaken1,+ verb.body:awaken,+ ] [ wakening, verb.body:waken,+ ] waking_up, arousal,@ (the act of waking; "it was an early awakening"; "it was the waking up he hated most")}
{ [ buzz, verb.stative:buzz,+ ] activity,@ (a confusion of activity and gossip; "the buzz of excitement was so great that a formal denial was issued") }
{ [ fixation1, verb.change:fixate1,+ ] fastening,@ (the activity of fastening something firmly in position) }
{ [ immobilization1, verb.contact:immobilize,+ ] [ immobilisation1, verb.contact:immobilise,+ ] preservation,@ (fixation (as by a plaster cast) of a body part in order to promote proper healing; "immobilization of the injured knee was necessary") }
{ fun1, activity,@ (violent and excited activity; "she asked for money and then the fun began") }
{ [ excitation, verb.change:excite,+ ] [ excitement, verb.emotion:excite3,+ verb.change:excite,+ ] arousal,@ (something that agitates and arouses; "he looked forward to the excitements of the day") }
{ hair-raiser, chiller, excitation,@ (excitation that makes your hair stand up or that chills your bones; "the movie was an old-fashioned hair-raiser") }
{ [ thrill, verb.emotion:thrill1,+ verb.emotion:thrill2,+ ] excitation,@ (something that causes you to experience a sudden intense feeling or sensation; "the thrills of space travel") }
{ [ incitation, verb.contact:incite,+ verb.communication:incite,+ ] [ incitement2, verb.communication:incite,+ ] arousal,@ (an act of urging on or spurring on or rousing to action or instigating; "the incitement of mutiny") }
{ [ inflammation, verb.emotion:inflame,+ ] [ inflaming, verb.emotion:inflame,+ ] arousal,@ (arousal to violent emotion) }
{ inspiration1, [ stirring1, verb.emotion:stir,+ ] arousal,@ (arousing to a particular emotion or action) }
{ [ stimulation, verb.communication:stimulate1,+ ] arousal,@ (the act of arousing an organism to action) }
{ [ galvanization1, verb.emotion:galvanize,+ ] [ galvanisation1, verb.emotion:galvanise,+ ] stimulation,@ (stimulation that arouses a person to lively action; "the unexpected news produced a kind of galvanization of the whole team") }
{ [ titillation1, verb.emotion:titillate,+ ] arousal,@ (an agreeable arousal) }
{ [ deforestation, verb.change:deforest,+ ] [ disforestation, verb.change:disforest,+ ] denudation,@ (the removal of trees) }
{ [ skimming, verb.contact:skim1,+ ] removal,@ (the act of removing floating material from the surface of a liquid) }
{ [ withdrawal3, verb.possession:withdraw,+ ] removal,@ (the act of taking out money or other capital) }
{ withdrawal5, removal,@ (the act of withdrawing blood, tumors, etc.; "the nurse was expert at the withdrawal of blood") }
{ [ spoil1, verb.change:spoil2,+ verb.social:spoil2,+ ] [ spoiling, verb.social:spoil2,+ ] [ spoilage, verb.social:spoil2,+ ] injury2,@ (the act of spoiling something by causing damage to it; "her spoiling my dress was deliberate") }
{ [ swerve, verb.motion:swerve,+ ] [ swerving, verb.motion:swerve,+ ] [ veering, verb.motion:veer,+ ] turn1,@ (the act of turning aside suddenly) }
{ three-point_turn, turn1,@ (the act of turning a vehicle around in a limited space by moving in a series of back and forward arcs) }
{ face_saver, face_saving, accomplishment,@ (an act that avoids a loss of face (of dignity or prestige)) }
{ [ recruitment, verb.possession:recruit,+ verb.competition:recruit,+ ] [ enlisting, verb.competition:enlist1,+ ] accomplishment,@ (the act of getting recruits; enlisting people for the army (or for a job or a cause etc.)) }
{ [ smooth, verb.contact:smooth,+ ] accomplishment,@ (the act of smoothing; "he gave his hair a quick smooth") }
{ [ reference, verb.motion:refer,+ ] [ consultation, verb.communication:consult1,+ ] action2,@ (the act of referring or consulting; "reference to an encyclopedia produced the answer") }
{ [ emphasizing, verb.communication:emphasize3,+ verb.communication:emphasize,+ ] accenting, [ accentuation, verb.communication:accentuate,+ ] action2,@ (the act of giving special importance or significance to something) }
{ release, outlet, [ vent, verb.communication:vent,+ ] activity,@ (activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion; "she had no other outlet for her feelings"; "he gave vent to his anger") }
{ last, activity,@ (a person's dying act; the final thing a person can do; "he breathed his last") }
{ slapshot, shot8,@ ice_hockey,#p (a fast shot made with a short powerful swing of the hockey stick) }
{ headshot1, shot8,@ soccer,#p (an attempt to put the soccer ball into the net by using the head) }
{ cornhusking, denudation,@ (the act of removing the husks from ears of corn) }
{ [ palpebration, verb.body:palpebrate,+ ] blink,@ (repeated blinking or winking (especially if uncontrolled and persistent)) }
{ bank_examination, examination,@ (an examination of the affairs and records of a bank by a state or federal bank examiner) }
{ [ beatification1, verb.emotion:beatify3,+ verb.emotion:beatify1,+ ] action2,@ (the action of rendering supremely blessed and extremely happy) }
{ equilibration, stabilization,@ (stabilization by bringing into equilibrium) }
{ ethnic_cleansing, group_action,@ (the mass expulsion and killing of one ethnic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group in that area) }
{ jumpstart, jump-start, action2,@ (starting an automobile engine that has a weak battery by means of jumper cables to another car; "my battery was dead so I had to get a jumpstart from my neighbor") }
{ [ mystification, verb.cognition:mystify,+ verb.change:mystify,+ ] [ obfuscation, verb.communication:obfuscate,+ ] activity,@ (the activity of obscuring people's understanding, leaving them baffled or bewildered) }
{ negotiation, activity,@ (the activity or business of negotiating an agreement; coming to terms) }
{ [ proclamation, verb.communication:proclaim2,+ verb.communication:proclaim,+ ] [ promulgation, verb.communication:promulgate1,+ verb.communication:promulgate,+ ] noun.Tops:act,@ (the formal act of proclaiming; giving public notice; "his promulgation of the policy proved to be premature") }
{ [ socialization2, verb.change:socialize,+ ] [ socialisation2, verb.change:socialise,+ ] group_action,@ (the action of establishing on a socialist basis; "the socialization of medical services") }
{ [ stabilization1, verb.contact:stabilize2,+ ] stabilisation1, improvement,@ noun.artifact:aircraft,;c (the act of making something (as a vessel or aircraft) less likely to overturn) }
{ [ stupefaction, verb.perception:stupefy,+ verb.change:stupefy,+ ] action2,@ (the action of stupefying; making dull or lethargic; "the professor was noted for his stupefaction of the students") }
{ transfusion_reaction, reaction,@ (reaction of the body to a transfusion of blood that is not compatible with its own blood; an adverse reaction can range from fever and hives to renal failure and shock and death) }
{ upgrade, improvement,@ (the act of improving something (especially machinery) by raising it to a higher grade (as by adding or replacing components); "the power plant received a new upgrade") }
{ vampirism, action2,@ (the actions or practices of a vampire) }
{ version, turn1,@ (manual turning of a fetus in the uterus (usually to aid delivery)) }
{ [ vulgarization1, verb.change:vulgarize1,+ ] [ vulgarisation1, verb.change:vulgarise1,+ ] degradation,@ (the act of rendering something coarse and unrefined) }
{ witching, practice3,@ (the use or practice of witchcraft) }
{ xenotransplant, xenotransplantation, transplant2,@ (a surgical procedure in which tissue or whole organs are transfered from one species to another species) }

{ Actium, naval_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (the naval battle in which Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by Octavian's fleet under Agrippa in 31 BC) }
{ Aegates_Isles, Aegadean_Isles, naval_battle,@i Punic_War,#p (islands west of Sicily (now known as the Egadi Islands) where the Romans won a naval victory over the Carthaginians that ended the first Punic War in 241 BC) }
{ Aegospotami, Aegospotamos, naval_battle,@i Peloponnesian_War,#p (a river in ancient Thrace (now Turkey); in the mouth of this river the Spartan fleet under Lysander destroyed the Athenian fleet in the final battle of the Peloponnesian War (404 BC)) }
{ Agincourt, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:France,;r (a battle in northern France in which English longbowmen under Henry V decisively defeated a much larger French army in 1415) }
{ Alamo, siege,@i massacre,@i noun.location:San_Antonio,;r (a siege and massacre at a mission in San Antonio in 1836; Mexican forces under Santa Anna besieged and massacred American rebels who were fighting to make Texas independent of Mexico) }
{ Atlanta, battle_of_Atlanta, siege,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Atlanta,;r (a siege in which Federal troops under Sherman cut off the railroads supplying the city and then burned it; 1864) }
{ Austerlitz, battle_of_Austerlitz, pitched_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.location:Austerlitz,;r (a decisive battle during the Napoleonic campaigns (1805); the French under Napoleon defeated the Russian armies of Czar Alexander I and the Austrian armies of Emperor Francis II) }
{ Bannockburn, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Scotland,;r (a battle in which the Scots under Robert the Bruce defeated the English and assured the independence of Scotland) }
{ Bataan, Corregidor, siege,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Philippines1,;r (the peninsula and island in the Philippines where Japanese forces besieged American forces in World War II; United States forces surrendered in 1942 and recaptured the area in 1945) }
{ Battle_of_Britain, battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:United_Kingdom,;r (the prolonged bombardment of British cities by the German Luftwaffe during World War II and the aerial combat that accompanied it) }
{ Battle_of_Kerbala, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Kerbala,;r (a battle in 680 in which the grandson of Mohammed and his followers were killed; "the Battle of Kerbala is the basis for the Ta'ziyehs that are performed annually") }
{ Battle_of_the_Ardennes_Bulge, Battle_of_the_Bulge, Ardennes_counteroffensive, pitched_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Ardennes,;r (a battle during World War II; in December 1944 von Rundstedt launched a powerful counteroffensive in the forest at Ardennes and caught the Allies by surprise) }
{ Battle_of_the_Marne, Belleau_Wood, Chateau-Thierry, Marne_River, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:France,;r (a World War I battle in northwestern France where the Allies defeated the Germans in 1918) }
{ Bismarck_Sea, battle_of_the_Bismarck_Sea, naval_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.object:Bismarck_Sea,;r (a naval battle in World War II; Allied land-based bombers destroyed a Japanese convoy in the Bismarck Sea in March 1943) }
{ Blenheim, pitched_battle,@i War_of_the_Spanish_Succession,#p noun.location:Germany,;r (the First Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy defeated the French in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession) }
{ Borodino, pitched_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.location:Russia1,;r (Napoleon defeated the Russians in 1812 in a pitched battle at a village in western Russia west of Moscow, but irreparably weakened his army) }
{ Bosworth_Field, pitched_battle,@i Wars_of_the_Roses,#p noun.location:Leicestershire,;r (the battle that ended the Wars of the Roses (1485); Richard III was killed and Henry Tudor was crowned as Henry VII) }
{ Bouvines, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Belgium,;r (in 1214 the French under Philip Augustus defeated a coalition formed against him in one of the greatest battles of the middle ages) }
{ Boyne, battle_of_Boyne, pitched_battle,@i War_of_the_Grand_Alliance,#p noun.location:Ireland,;r (a battle in the War of the Grand Alliance in Ireland in 1690; William III defeated the deposed James II and so ended the Catholicism that had been reintroduced in England by the Stuarts) }
{ Brunanburh, battle_of_Brunanburh, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Scotland,;r (a battle in 937 when Athelstan defeated the Scots) }
{ Buena_Vista, pitched_battle,@i Mexican_War,#p noun.location:Mexico,;r (a pitched battle in the Mexican War in 1847; United States forces under Zachary Taylor defeated the Mexican forces under Santa Anna at a locality in northern Mexico) }
{ Bull_Run, Battle_of_Bull_Run, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Virginia,;r (either of two battles during the American Civil War (1861 and 1862); Confederate forces defeated the Federal army in both battles) }
{ Bunker_Hill, battle_of_Bunker_Hill, pitched_battle,@i American_Revolution,#p noun.location:Boston,;r (the first important battle of the American War of Independence (1775) which was fought at Breed's Hill; the British defeated the colonial forces) }
{ Cannae, pitched_battle,@i Punic_War,#p noun.location:Italy,;r (ancient city is southeastern Italy where Hannibal defeated the Romans in 216 BC) }
{ Caporetto, battle_of_Caporetto, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:Italy,;r (battle of World War I (1917); Italians were defeated by the Austrian and German forces) }
{ Caudine_Forks, pitched_battle,@i noun.object:Apennines,;r (a battle in the Apennines in 321 BC in which the Samnites defeated the Romans) }
{ Chaeronea, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (a battle in which Philip II of Macedon defeated the Athenians and Thebans (338 BC) and also Sulla defeated Mithridates (86 BC)) }
{ Chalons, Chalons-sur-Marne, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:France,;r (the battle in which Attila the Hun was defeated by the Romans and Visigoths in 451) }
{ Chancellorsville, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Virginia,;r (a major battle in the American Civil War (1863); the Confederates under Robert E. Lee defeated the Union forces under Joseph Hooker) }
{ Chapultepec, pitched_battle,@i Mexican_War,#p noun.location:Mexico,;r (a pitched battle in the Mexican War that resulted in a major victory for American forces over Mexican forces at a locality south of Mexico City (1847)) }
{ Chattanooga, battle_of_Chattanooga, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Tennessee,;r (in the American Civil War (1863) the Union armies of Hooker, Thomas, and Sherman under the command of Ulysses S. Grant won a decisive victory over the Confederate Army under Braxton Bragg) }
{ Chickamauga, battle_of_Chickamauga, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Alabama,;r (a Confederate victory in the American Civil War (1863); Confederate forces under Braxton Bragg defeated Union forces) }
{ Chino-Japanese_War, Sino-Japanese_War, war,@i noun.location:Korea,;r noun.location:Manchuria,;r (a war between China and Japan (1894 and 1895) over the control of the Korean Peninsula; China was overwhelmingly defeated at Port Arthur) }
{ Coral_Sea, battle_of_the_Coral_Sea, naval_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.object:Coral_Sea,;r (a Japanese defeat in World War II (May 1942); the first naval battle fought entirely by planes based on aircraft carriers) }
{ Cowpens, battle_of_Cowpens, pitched_battle,@i American_Revolution,#p noun.location:South_Carolina,;r (battle in the American Revolution; Americans under Daniel Morgan defeated the British) }
{ Crecy, battle_of_Crecy, pitched_battle,@i Hundred_Years'_War,#p noun.location:France,;r (the first decisive battle of the Hundred Years' War; in 1346 the English under Edward III defeated the French under Philip of Valois) }
{ Cunaxa, battle_of_Cunaxa, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Babylonia,;r (battle in 401 BC when the Artaxerxes II defeated his younger brother who tried to usurp the throne) }
{ Cynoscephalae, battle_of_Cynoscephalae, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Thessaly,;r (the battle that ended the second Macedonian War (197 BC); the Romans defeated Philip V who lost his control of Greece) }
{ Dardanelles, Dardanelles_campaign, campaign,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:Turkey,;r (the unsuccessful campaign in World War I (1915) by the English and French to open a passage for aid to Russia; defeated by the Turks) }
{ Dien_Bien_Phu, siege,@i noun.location:Vietnam,;r (the French military base fell after a siege by Vietnam troops that lasted 56 days; ended the involvement of France in Indochina in 1954) }
{ Drogheda, battle,@i English_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Ireland,;r (in 1649 the place was captured by Oliver Cromwell, who massacred the Catholic inhabitants) }
{ Dunkirk, Dunkerque, amphibious_operation,@i World_War_II,#p evacuation1,@i noun.location:France,;r (an amphibious evacuation in World War II (1940) when 330,000 Allied troops had to be evacuated from the beaches in northern France in a desperate retreat under enemy fire) }
{ El_Alamein, Al_Alamayn, Battle_of_El_Alamein, pitched_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Egypt,;r (a pitched battle in World War II (1942) resulting in a decisive Allied victory by British troops under Montgomery over German troops under Rommel) }
{ Eniwetok, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Eniwetok,;r (World War II (February 1944); American infantry landed and captured a Japanese stronghold) }
{ Flodden, Battle_of_Flodden_Field, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:England,;r (a battle in 1513; the English defeated the invading Scots and James IV was killed) }
{ Fontenoy, Battle_of_Fontenoy, pitched_battle,@i War_of_the_Austrian_Succession,#p noun.location:Belgium,;r (a battle in 1745 in which the French army under Marshal Saxe defeated the English army and their allies under the duke of Cumberland) }
{ Fort_Ticonderoga, Ticonderoga, pitched_battle,@i American_Revolution,#p noun.location:New_York2,;r (a pitched battle in which American revolutionary troops captured Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775) }
{ Fredericksburg, Battle_of_Fredericksburg, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Virginia,;r (an important battle in the American Civil War (1862); the Union Army under A. E. Burnside was defeated by the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee) }
{ Gettysburg, Battle_of_Gettysburg, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Pennsylvania,;r (a battle of the American Civil War (1863); the defeat of Robert E. Lee's invading Confederate Army was a major victory for the Union) }
{ Granicus, Battle_of_Granicus_River, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Asia_Minor,;r (the battle in which Alexander won his first major victory against the Persians (334 BC)) }
{ Guadalcanal, Battle_of_Guadalcanal, pitched_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Guadalcanal,;r (a battle in World War II in the Pacific (1942-1943); the island was occupied by the Japanese and later recaptured by American forces) }
{ Hampton_Roads, naval_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.object:Hampton_Roads,;r (a naval battle of the American Civil War (1862); the indecisive battle between the Monitor and the Merrimac) }
{ Hastings, battle_of_Hastings, pitched_battle,@i Norman_Conquest,#p noun.location:England,;r (the decisive battle in which William the Conqueror (duke of Normandy) defeated the Saxons under Harold II (1066) and thus left England open for the Norman Conquest) }
{ Hohenlinden, battle_of_Hohenlinden, pitched_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.location:Bavaria,;r (a battle during the Napoleonic Wars (1800); the French defeated the Austrians) }
{ Inchon, amphibious_assault,@i Korean_War,#p noun.location:South_Korea,;r (a battle in the Korean War (1950); United States forces landed at Inchon) }
{ Indian_Mutiny, Sepoy_Mutiny, rebellion,@i noun.location:India,;r (discontent with British administration in India led to numerous mutinies in 1857 and 1858; the revolt was put down after several battles and sieges (notably the siege at Lucknow)) }
{ Ipsus, battle_of_Ipsus, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Asia_Minor,;r (a battle between the successors of Alexander the Great (301 BC); Lysimachus and Seleucus defeated Antigonus and Demetrius) }
{ Issus, battle_of_Issus, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Asia_Minor,;r (a battle (333 BC) in which Alexander the Great defeated the Persians under Darius III) }
{ Ivry, battle_of_Ivry, Ivry_la_Bataille, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:France,;r (a battle (1590) in which the Huguenots under Henry IV defeated the Catholics under the duke of Mayenne) }
{ Iwo, Iwo_Jima, invasion_of_Iwo, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.object:Pacific,;r (a bloody and prolonged operation on the island of Iwo Jima in which American marines landed and defeated Japanese defenders (February and March 1945)) }
{ Jena, Battle_of_Jena, pitched_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.location:Germany,;r (the battle in 1806 in which Napoleon decisively defeated the Prussians) }
{ Jutland, battle_of_Jutland, naval_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:Denmark,;r (an indecisive naval battle in World War I (1916); fought between the British and German fleets off the northwestern coast of Denmark) }
{ Kennesaw_Mountain, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Georgia,;r (battle of the American Civil War (1864); Union forces under William Tecumseh Sherman were repulsed by Confederate troops under Joseph Eggleston Johnston) }
{ Kwajalein, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Kwajalein,;r (an amphibious assault in the Pacific in World War II (January 1944); American forces landed and captured a Japanese air base) }
{ Lake_Trasimenus, Battle_of_Lake_Trasimenus, pitched_battle,@i Punic_War,#p noun.location:Italy,;r (a battle in 217 BC in which Hannibal ambushed a Roman army led by Flaminius) }
{ Langside, battle_of_Langside, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Scotland,;r ((1568) Catholic forces supporting Mary Queen of Scots were routed by Protestants) }
{ Lepanto, Battle_of_Lepanto, naval_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (Turkish sea power was destroyed in 1571 by a league of Christian nations organized by the Pope) }
{ Leuctra, battle_of_Leuctra, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (Thebes defeated Sparta in 371 BC; the battle ended Sparta's military supremacy in Greece) }
{ Lexington, Concord, Lexington_and_Concord, pitched_battle,@i American_Revolution,#p noun.location:Massachusetts,;r (the first battle of the American Revolution (April 19, 1775)) }
{ Leyte, Leyte_Island, Leyte_invasion, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Philippines1,;r (a battle in World War II; the return of United States troops to the Philippines began with landings on Leyte Island in October 1944; the battle marked first use of kamikaze aircraft by the Japanese) }
{ Little_Bighorn, Battle_of_Little_Bighorn, Battle_of_the_Little_Bighorn, Custer's_Last_Stand, massacre,@i noun.location:Montana,;r (a battle in Montana near the Little Bighorn River between United States cavalry under Custer and several groups of Native Americans (1876); Custer was pursuing Sioux led by Sitting Bull; Custer underestimated the size of the Sioux forces (which were supported by Cheyenne warriors) and was killed along with all his command) }
{ Lucknow, siege,@i noun.location:India,;r (the British residents of Lucknow were besieged by Indian insurgents during the Indian Mutiny (1857)) }
{ Lule_Burgas, battle_of_Lule_Burgas, pitched_battle,@i Balkan_Wars,#p noun.location:Thrace,;r (the principal battle of the Balkan Wars (1912); Bulgarian forces defeated the Turks) }
{ Lutzen, battle_of_Lutzen, pitched_battle,@i Thirty_Years'_War,#p noun.location:Germany,;r (a battle in the Thirty Years' War (1632); Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeated the Holy Roman Empire under Wallenstein; Gustavus Adolphus was killed) }
{ Macedonian_War, war,@i (one the four wars between Macedonia and Rome in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, which ended in the defeat of Macedonia and its annexation as a Roman province) }
{ Magenta, Battle_of_Magenta, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Italy,;r (a battle in 1859 in which the French and Sardinian forces under Napoleon III defeated the Austrians under Francis Joseph I) }
{ Maldon, Battle_of_Maldon, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:England,;r (a battle in which the Danes defeated the Saxons in 991; celebrated in an old English poem) }
{ Manila_Bay, naval_battle,@i Spanish-American_War,#p noun.location:Philippines,;r (a naval battle in the Spanish-American War (1898); the American fleet under Admiral Dewey defeated the Spanish fleet) }
{ Mantinea, Mantineia, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (the site of three famous battles among Greek city-states: in 418 BC and 362 BC and 207 BC) }
{ Marathon1, battle_of_Marathon, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (a battle in 490 BC in which the Athenians and their allies defeated the Persians) }
{ Marengo, pitched_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.location:Italy,;r (a battle in 1800 in which the French under Napoleon Bonaparte won a great victory over the Austrians) }
{ Marston_Moor, battle_of_Marston_Moor, pitched_battle,@i English_Civil_War,#p noun.location:England,;r (a battle in 1644 in which the Parliamentarians under the earl of Manchester defeated the Royalists under Prince Rupert) }
{ Metaurus_River, pitched_battle,@i Punic_War,#p noun.location:Italy,;r (a battle during the second Punic War (207 BC); Hannibal's brother Hasdrubal was defeated by the Romans which ended Hannibal's hopes for success in Italy) }
{ Meuse, Meuse_River, Argonne, Argonne_Forest, Meuse-Argonne, Meuse-Argonne_operation, operation2,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:France,;r (an American operation in World War I (1918); American troops under Pershing drove back the German armies which were saved only by the armistice on November 11) }
{ Midway, Battle_of_Midway, naval_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Midway_Islands,;r (naval battle of World War II (June 1942); American planes based on land and on carriers decisively defeated a Japanese fleet on its way to invade the Midway Islands) }
{ Minden, battle_of_Minden, pitched_battle,@i Seven_Years'_War,#p noun.location:Germany,;r (a battle in the Seven Years' War (1759) in which the English forces and their allies defeated the French) }
{ Monmouth_Court_House, Battle_of_Monmouth_Court_House, Battle_of_Monmouth, pitched_battle,@i American_Revolution,#p noun.location:New_Jersey,;r (a pitched battle in New Jersey during the American Revolution (1778) that ended with the withdrawal of British forces) }
{ Naseby, Battle_of_Naseby, pitched_battle,@i English_Civil_War,#p noun.location:England,;r (a battle in 1645 that settled the outcome of the first English Civil War as the Parliamentarians won a major victory over the Royalists) }
{ Navarino, battle_of_Navarino, naval_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (a decisive naval battle in the War of Greek Independence (1827); the Turkish and Egyptian fleet was defeated by an allied fleet of British and French and Russian warships) }
{ Okinawa, Okinawa_campaign, campaign,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Okinawa,;r (a campaign in the closing days of World War II in the Pacific (April to June 1945); in savage close-quarter fighting United States marines and regular army troops took the island from the Japanese; considered the greatest victory of the Pacific campaign for the Americans) }
{ Omdurman, battle_of_Omdurman, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Sudan1,;r (a battle (1898) in which an English and Egyptian army under Kitchener defeated the Sudanese) }
{ Operation_Desert_Storm, operation2,@i Persian_Gulf_War,#p noun.location:Middle_East,;r (the United States and its allies defeated Iraq in a ground war that lasted 100 hours (1991)) }
{ Orleans, siege_of_Orleans, siege,@i noun.location:France,;r (a long siege of Orleans by the English was relieved by Joan of Arc in 1429) }
{ Panipat, battle_of_Panipat, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:India,;r (battle in which the ruler of Afghanistan defeated the Mahrattas in 1761) }
{ Passero, Cape_Passero, naval_battle,@i noun.location:Sicily1,;r (a naval battle in the Mediterranean Sea off Cape Passero in which the Spanish navy was destroyed by France and England while attempting to recover Sicily and Sardinia from Italy (1719)) }
{ Petersburg, Petersburg_Campaign, campaign,@i siege,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Virginia,;r (the final campaign of the American Civil War (1864-65); Union forces under Grant besieged and finally defeated Confederate forces under Lee) }
{ Pharsalus, battle_of_Pharsalus, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (Caesar defeated Pompey in 48 BC) }
{ Philippi, battle_of_Philippi, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Macedonia,;r (Octavian and Mark Antony defeated Brutus and Cassius in 42 BC) }
{ Philippine_Sea, battle_of_the_Philippine_Sea, naval_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.object:Pacific,;r (a naval battle in World War II (1944); a decisive naval victory for the United States fleet over the Japanese who were trying to block supplies from reaching American troops on Leyte) }
{ Plassey, battle_of_Plassey, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:India,;r (the victory in 1757 by the British under Clive over Siraj-ud-daula that established British supremacy over Bengal) }
{ Plataea, battle_of_Plataea, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Boeotia,;r (a defeat of the Persian army by the Greeks at Plataea in 479 BC) }
{ Plevna, Pleven, siege,@i noun.location:Bulgaria,;r (the town was taken from the Turks by the Russians in 1877 after a siege of 143 days) }
{ Poitiers, battle_of_Poitiers, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:France,;r (the battle in 1356 in which the English under the Black Prince defeated the French) }
{ Port_Arthur, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Manchuria,;r (a battle in the Chino-Japanese War (1894); Japanese captured the port and fortifications from the Chinese) }
{ Battle_of_Puebla, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Mexico,;r (a battle in which Mexican forces defeated the French in 1862) }
{ Pydna, Battle_of_Pydna, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Macedon,;r (a major victory by the Romans over the Macedonians in 168 BC; resulted in the downfall of the ancient Macedonian kingdom) }
{ Ravenna, Battle_of_Ravenna, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Italy,;r (a battle between the French and an alliance of Spaniards and Swiss and Venetians in 1512) }
{ Rocroi, Battle_of_Rocroi, pitched_battle,@i Thirty_Years'_War,#p noun.location:France,;r (a battle in the Thirty Years' War (1643); the French defeated the Spanish invaders) }
{ Rossbach, battle_of_Rossbach, pitched_battle,@i Seven_Years'_War,#p noun.location:Germany,;r (a battle in the Seven Years' War (1757); Prussian forces under Frederick the Great defeated the armies of France and Austria) }
{ Saint-Mihiel, St_Mihiel, battle_of_St_Mihiel, pitched_battle,@i Meuse,#p noun.location:France,;r (a battle in the Meuse-Argonne operation in World War I (1918); the battle in which American troops launched their first offensive in France) }
{ Saipan, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Saipan,;r (US forces captured the island from the Japanese in July 1944; it was an important air base until the end of World War II) }
{ Salerno, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Italy,;r (a battle in World War II; the port was captured by United States troops in September 1943) }
{ Santiago, Santiago_de_Cuba, naval_battle,@i Spanish-American_War,#p noun.location:Cuba1,;r (a naval battle in the Spanish-American War (1898); the United States fleet bottled up the Spanish ships in the harbor of Santiago de Cuba and destroyed them when they tried to escape) }
{ Saratoga, battle_of_Saratoga, pitched_battle,@i American_Revolution,#p noun.location:New_York,;r (a battle during the American Revolution (1777); the British under Burgoyne were defeated) }
{ Sempach, battle_of_Sempach, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Switzerland,;r (the Swiss Confederation escaped Hapsburg domination by their victory in 1386) }
{ Shiloh, battle_of_Shiloh, battle_of_Pittsburgh_Landing, pitched_battle,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Tennessee,;r (the second great battle of the American Civil War (1862); the battle ended with the withdrawal of Confederate troops but it was not a Union victory) }
{ Soissons, battle_of_Soissons-Reims, battle_of_the_Chemin-des-Dames, battle_of_the_Aisne, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:France,;r (a battle in World War I (May 1918); the Germans tried to attack before the American numbers were too great to defeat; the tactical success of the Germans proved to be a strategic failure) }
{ Solferino, battle_of_Solferino, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Italy,;r (an indecisive battle in 1859 between the French and Sardinians under Napoleon III and the Austrians under Francis Joseph I) }
{ Somme1, Somme_River1, Battle_of_the_Somme1, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:France,;r (battle in World War I (1916)) }
{ Somme2, Somme_River2, Battle_of_the_Somme2, pitched_battle,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:France,;r (battle of World War II (1944)) }
{ Battle_of_the_Spanish_Armada, naval_battle,@i noun.object:English_Channel,;r (in the English Channel a small fleet of British ships successfully defeated the large armada sent from Spain by Philip II to invade England) }
{ Spotsylvania, battle_of_Spotsylvania_Courthouse, pitched_battle,@i Wilderness_Campaign,#p noun.location:Virginia,;r (a battle between the armies of Grant and Lee during the Wilderness Campaign) }
{ Syracuse, siege_of_Syracuse, siege,@i noun.location:Sicily1,;r (the Athenian siege of Syracuse (415-413 BC) was eventually won by Syracuse) }
{ Syracuse1, siege_of_Syracuse1, siege,@i noun.location:Sicily1,;r (the Roman siege of Syracuse (214-212 BC) was eventually won by the Romans who sacked the city (killing Archimedes)) }
{ Tannenberg, battle_of_Tannenberg, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:Poland,;r (a battle in World War I (1914); decisive German victory over the Russians) }
{ Tarawa, Makin, Tarawa-Makin, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Gilbert_Islands,;r (battles in World War II in the Pacific (November 1943); United States Marines took the islands from the Japanese after bitter fighting) }
{ Tertry, battle_of_Tertry, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:France,;r (a battle in France in 687 among the descendants of Clovis) }
{ Teutoburger_Wald, battle_of_Teutoburger_Wald, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Germany,;r (a battle in 9 AD in which the Germans under Arminius annihilated three Roman Legions) }
{ Tewkesbury, battle_of_Tewkesbury, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:England,;r (the final battle of the War of the Roses in 1471 in which Edward IV defeated the Lancastrians) }
{ Thermopylae, battle_of_Thermopylae, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Greece,;r (a famous battle in 480 BC; a Greek army under Leonidas was annihilated by the Persians who were trying to conquer Greece) }
{ Trafalgar, battle_of_Trafalgar, naval_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.object:Atlantic,;r (a naval battle in 1805 off the southwest coast of Spain; the French and Spanish fleets were defeated by the English under Nelson (who was mortally wounded)) }
{ Trasimeno, battle_of_Trasimeno, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:Italy,;r (a battle in central Italy where Hannibal defeated the Romans under Flaminius in 217 BC) }
{ Tsushima, naval_battle,@i Russo-Japanese_War,#p noun.object:Korean_Strait,;r (a naval battle in the Russo-Japanese War (1905); the Japanese fleet defeated the Russian fleet in the Korean Strait) }
{ Valmy, battle_of_Valmy, pitched_battle,@i noun.location:France,;r (the French defeated the Austrian and Prussian troops in 1792 (with a famous cannonade from the French artillery)) }
{ Verdun, battle_of_Verdun, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:France,;r (a battle in World War I (1916); in some of the bloodiest fighting in World War I the German offensive was stopped) }
{ Vicksburg, siege_of_Vicksburg, siege,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Mississippi,;r (a decisive battle in the American Civil War (1863); after being besieged for nearly seven weeks the Confederates surrendered) }
{ Wagram, battle_of_Wagram, pitched_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.location:Austria,;r (a battle in the Napoleonic campaigns (1809); Napoleon defeated the Austrians) }
{ Battle_of_Wake, Battle_of_Wake_Island, amphibious_assault,@i World_War_II,#p noun.location:Wake_Island,;r (in December 1941 the island was captured by the Japanese after a gallant last-ditch stand by a few hundred United States marines) }
{ Waterloo, Battle_of_Waterloo, pitched_battle,@i Napoleonic_Wars,#p noun.location:Belgium,;r (the battle on 18 June 1815 in which Prussian and British forces under Blucher and the Duke of Wellington routed the French forces under Napoleon) }
{ Wilderness_Campaign, campaign,@i American_Civil_War,#p noun.location:Virginia,;r (American Civil War; a series of indecisive battles in Grant's campaign (1864) against Lee in which both armies suffered terrible losses) }
{ Yalu_River, pitched_battle,@i Korean_War,#p noun.location:North_Korea,;r (a battle in the Korean War (November 1950); when UN troops advanced north to the Yalu River 200,000 Chinese troops crossed the river and drove them back) }
{ Yorktown, siege_of_Yorktown, siege,@i American_Revolution,#p noun.location:Virginia,;r (in 1781 the British under Cornwallis surrendered after a siege of three weeks by American and French troops; the surrender ended the American Revolution) }
{ Ypres1, battle_of_Ypres1, first_battle_of_Ypres, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:Belgium,;r (battle in World War I (1914); heavy but indecisive fighting as the Allies and the Germans both tried to break through the lines of the others) }
{ Ypres2, battle_of_Ypres2, second_battle_of_Ypres, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:Belgium,;r (battle in World War I (1915); Germans wanted to try chlorine (a toxic yellow gas) as a weapon and succeeded in taking considerable territory from the Allied salient) }
{ Ypres3, battle_of_Ypres3, third_battle_of_Ypres, pitched_battle,@i World_War_I,#p noun.location:Belgium,;r (battle in World War I (1917); an Allied offensive which eventually failed because tanks bogged down in the waterlogged soil of Flanders; Germans introduced mustard gas which interfered with the Allied artillery) }
{ Zama, battle_of_Zama, pitched_battle,@i Punic_War,#p noun.location:Tunisia,;r (the battle in 202 BC in which Scipio decisively defeated Hannibal at the end of the second Punic War) }

{ American_Civil_War, United_States_Civil_War, War_between_the_States, civil_war,@i noun.location:United_States,;r (civil war in the United States between the North and the South; 1861-1865) }
{ American_Revolution, American_Revolutionary_War, War_of_American_Independence, American_War_of_Independence, revolution,@i (the revolution of the American Colonies against Great Britain; 1775-1783) }
{ Arab-Israeli_War, Six-Day_War, Six_Day_War, war,@i noun.location:Middle_East,;r (tension between Arabs and Israeli erupted into a brief war in June 1967; Israel emerged as a major power in the Middle East) }
{ Arab-Israeli_War1, Yom_Kippur_War, war,@i noun.location:Middle_East,;r (Egypt and Syria attacked Israel in October 1973 (on Yom Kippur); Israel counterattacked and drove the Syrians back and crossed the Suez Canal into Egypt) }
{ Balkan_Wars, war,@i noun.location:Balkan_Peninsula,#p noun.location:Greece,;r (two wars (1912-1913) that were fought over the last of the European territories of the Ottoman Empire and that left the area around Constantinople (now Istanbul) as the only Ottoman territory in Europe) }
{ Boer_War, war,@i noun.object:Africa,;r (either of two wars: the first when the Boers fought England in order to regain the independence they had given up to obtain British help against the Zulus (1880-1881); the second when the Orange Free State and Transvaal declared war on Britain (1899-1902)) }
{ Chinese_Revolution, revolution,@i noun.location:China,;r (the republican revolution against the Manchu dynasty in China; 1911-1912) }
{ Crimean_War, war,@i noun.location:Crimea,;r (a war in Crimea between Russia and a group of nations including England and France and Turkey and Sardinia; 1853-1856) }
{ Cuban_Revolution, revolution,@i (the revolution led by Fidel Castro and a small band of guerrilla fighters against a corrupt dictatorship in Cuba; 1956-1959) }
{ English_Civil_War, civil_war,@i noun.location:England,;r (civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I; 1644-1648) }
{ English_Revolution, Glorious_Revolution, Bloodless_Revolution, revolution,@i (the revolution against James II; there was little armed resistance to William and Mary in England although battles were fought in Scotland and Ireland (1688-1689)) }
{ Franco-Prussian_War, war,@i (a war between France and Prussia that ended the Second Empire in France and led to the founding of modern Germany; 1870-1871) }
{ French_and_Indian_War, war,@i Seven_Years'_War,#p (a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by American Indian tribes); 1755-1760) }
{ French_Revolution, revolution,@i noun.location:France,;r (the revolution in France against the Bourbons; 1789-1799) }
{ Hundred_Years'_War, war,@i (the series of wars fought intermittently between France and England; 1337-1453) }
{ Iran-Iraq_War, Gulf_War1, war,@i (a dispute over control of the waterway between Iraq and Iran broke out into open fighting in 1980 and continued until 1988, when they accepted a UN cease-fire resolution) }
{ Korean_War, war,@i noun.location:Korea,;r (a war between North and South Korea; South Korea was aided by the United States and other members of the United Nations; 1950-1953) }
{ Mexican_Revolution, revolution,@i noun.location:Mexico,;r (a revolution for agrarian reforms led in northern Mexico by Pancho Villa and in southern Mexico by Emiliano Zapata (1910-1911)) }
{ Mexican_War, war,@i (after disputes over Texas lands that were settled by Mexicans the United States declared war on Mexico in 1846 and by treaty in 1848 took Texas and California and Arizona and New Mexico and Nevada and Utah and part of Colorado and paid Mexico $15,000,000) }
{ Napoleonic_Wars, war,@i (a series of wars fought between France (led by Napoleon Bonaparte) and alliances involving England and Prussia and Russia and Austria at different times; 1799-1815) }
{ Norman_Conquest, conquest1,@i (the invasion and settlement of England by the Normans following the battle of Hastings (1066)) }
{ Peloponnesian_War, war,@i (a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta; 431-404 BC) }
{ Persian_Gulf_War, Gulf_War, war,@i (a war fought between Iraq and a coalition led by the United States that freed Kuwait from Iraqi invaders; 1990-1991) }
{ Punic_War, war,@i (one of the three wars between Carthage and Rome that resulted in the destruction of Carthage and its annexation by Rome; 264-241 BC, 218-201 BC, 149-146 BC) }
{ [ Restoration2, verb.social:restore,+ ] group_action,@i noun.location:England,;r (the re-establishment of the British monarchy in 1660) }
{ Russian_Revolution1, February_Revolution, revolution,@i noun.location:Russia,;r (the revolution against the czarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a provisional government in March 1917) }
{ Russian_Revolution2, October_Revolution, coup_d'etat,@i noun.location:Russia,;r (the coup d'etat by the Bolsheviks under Lenin in November 1917 that led to a period of civil war which ended in victory for the Bolsheviks in 1922) }
{ Russo-Japanese_War, war,@i (Japanese victory in the war with Russia (1904-1905) gave Japan power over Korea and Manchuria) }
{ Seven_Years'_War, war,@i (a war of England and Prussia against France and Austria (1756-1763); Britain and Prussia got the better of it) }
{ Spanish-American_War, Spanish_War, war,@i (a war between the United States and Spain in 1898) }
{ Spanish_Civil_War, civil_war,@i noun.location:Spain,;r (civil war in Spain in which Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government; during the war Spain became a battleground for fascists and socialists from all countries; 1936-1939) }
{ Thirty_Years'_War, war,@i (a series of conflicts (1618-1648) between Protestants and Catholics starting in Germany and spreading until France and Denmark and Sweden were opposing the Holy Roman Empire and Spain) }
{ Trojan_War, war,@i noun.group:Greek_mythology,;c ((Greek mythology) a great war fought between Greece and Troy; the Greeks sailed to Troy to recover Helen of Troy, the beautiful wife of Menelaus who had been abducted by Paris; after ten years the Greeks (via the Trojan Horse) achieved final victory and burned Troy to the ground; "the story of the Trojan War is told in Homer's Iliad") }
{ Vietnam_War, Vietnam, war,@i noun.location:Vietnam,;r (a prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States) }
{ War_of_Greek_Independence, war,@i (the Greeks rebelled against Turkish rule in 1821; with the support of England and France and Russia they won independence in 1828 at Navarino (although the country included only half its present size)) }
{ War_of_the_Austrian_Succession, war,@i (Prussia and Austria fought over Silesia and most of the rest of Europe took sides; 1740-1748) }
{ War_of_the_Grand_Alliance, War_of_the_League_of_Augsburg, war,@i (an aggressive war waged by Louis XIV against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire and England and Holland and other states (1689-1697)) }
{ War_of_the_Spanish_Succession, war,@i (a general war in Europe (1701-1714) that broke out when Louis XIV installed his grandson on the throne of Spain; England and Holland hoped to limit Louis' power) }
{ War_of_the_Roses, Wars_of_the_Roses, war,@i noun.location:England,;r (struggle for the English throne (1455-1485) between the house of York (white rose) and the house of Lancaster (red rose) ending with the accession of the Tudor monarch Henry VII) }
{ War_of_1812", war,@i (a war (1812-1814) between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France) }
{ World_War_I, World_War_1", Great_War, First_World_War, War_to_End_War, world_war,@i (a war between the allies (Russia, France, British Empire, Italy, United States, Japan, Rumania, Serbia, Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Montenegro) and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Bulgaria) from 1914 to 1918) }
{ World_War_II, World_War_2", Second_World_War, world_war,@i (a war between the Allies (Australia, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Ethiopia, France, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Iran, Iraq, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Philippines, Poland, South Africa, United Kingdom, United States, USSR, Yugoslavia) and the Axis (Albania, Bulgaria, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Rumania, Slovakia, Thailand) from 1939 to 1945) }